Power Control

Power Control
LTE Radio Parameters RL10

1 © No
Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 1
Power Control

Nokia Siemens Networks Academy

Legal notice

Intellectual Property Rights

 All copyrights
copyrights and intellectual
intellectual property
property rights for Nokia
Nokia Siemens Networks
Networks training
documentation,
documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith
known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia
Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification,
translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia
Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license,
sublicense,
sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the N okia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals
Individuals
can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development
only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to
others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens
Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks
training session for development
development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia
Siemens Networks.

2 © No
Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 2
Power Control

Nokia Siemens Networks Academy

Legal notice

Intellectual Property Rights

 All copyrights
copyrights and intellectual
intellectual property
property rights for Nokia
Nokia Siemens Networks
Networks training
documentation,
documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are forthwith
known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of Nokia
Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying, modification,
translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or developments. Nokia
Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend, modify, develop, license,
sublicense,
sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the N okia Siemens Networks training material. Individuals
Individuals
can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their own personal self-development
only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on that same Intellectual Property to
others without the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens
Networks training material cannot be used outside of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks
training session for development
development of groups without the prior written agreement of Nokia
Siemens Networks.

2 © No
Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 2
Power Control

Contents

1. LTE Functionalities and Overview

2. Channel Configuration
3. General parameter DB structure and System Information
Broadcast
4. Random Access
5. Radio Admission Control (RAC)
6. Radio Bearer Control & DRX /DTX Management
7. LTE Mobility Management
Management
8. UL/DL Scheduler 
9. MIMO Mode Control (MIMO-MC)
10.Power Control

3 © N
No
okia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 3
Power Control

Module Objectives
 After completing this module, the participant should be able to:

• Understand the basics of LTE PC

• Describe UL open loop PC part
• Discuss UL closed loop PC part (LTE 28)
• Identify DL power settings
• Analyze PSD
• Explain PC impacts on network performance
• Distinguish related parameters.

4 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1 PSD: Power Spectral Density

RA4121AEN10GLA1 4
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
•UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

5 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 5
Power Control

Overview
Objective

Improve cell edge behaviour, reduce inter-cell interference and power consumption.
DL ‘semi-static’ power setting
• eNodeB gives fixed power density per PRB scheduled for transport.
 – Total Tx power is max. when all PRBs are scheduled
 – No adaptive/dynamic power control
 – (O&M parameter) Cell Power Reduction level CELL_PWR_RED [0...10] dB
attenuation in 0.1 dB steps
dlCellPwrRed
 – DL PC on PDCCH Reduction of DL Tx power;
deducted from max. antenna TX
power.
UL: Slow uplink Power Control LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB

• Combination of open loop PC and closed loop PC

• Open loop PC
 – Calculated at the UE based on pathloss measurements
• Closed loop PC
 – Based on exchange of feedback data and commands between UE and eNodeB
 – SW-licensed enhancement ( can be switched on and off)
Improve cell edge behaviour, reduce inter-cell interference & power
consumption
6 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 6
Power Control

Overview
Procedure for Slow UL Power control
• UE controls the Tx power to keep the transmitted power spectral density (PSD)
constant independent of the allocated transmit bandwidth (#PRBs)

• If no feedback from eNodeB ( in the PDCCH UL PC command) the UE performs

open loop PC based on path loss measurements

• If feedback from eNodeB the UE corrects the PSD when receiving PC commands
from eNodeB ( in the PDCCH UL PC command)
 PC commands ( up and down) based on UL quality and signal level measurements

• Applied separately for PUSCH, PUCCH

• Scope of UL PC is UE level ( performed separately for each UE in a cell)
2) SINR measurment
4) TX power level
3) Setting new power offset
adjustment with the new
offset
1) Initial TX power level

7 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 7
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

8 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 8
Power Control

UL-PC: Overview
LTE: orthogonal UL tx, i.e. near-far-problem much less severe than WCDMA 
• UL: dynamic, slow PC – open & closed loop
• need for PL / shadowing etc. compensation  OL PC
• need for correction/ adjustments of e.g. open loop inaccuracies   CL PC
Signal strength S:
depends on PL, indoor loss etc.,
i.e. location

V    Low
e  r  
 y  
l   
o  w  
High

Interference (I)
- main cause: inter-cell V e ry   
h ig   h 

Noise (N) = kB T ∆f + NFeNB

Power control does not control the absolute UE Tx. power but the Power Spectral Density
(PSD), power per Hz, for a device. The PSDs at the eNodeB from different users have to
be close to each other so the receiver doesn’t work over a large range of powers.
Different data rates mean different tx bandwidths so the absolute Tx power of the UE will
also change. PC makes that the PSD is constant independently of the tx bandwidth
9 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 9
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

10 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 10
Power Control

UL-PC: PUSCH
 P PUSCH(i) = min { P MAX,10 log10 ( M PUSCH(i)) + P O_PUSCH( j) + α  ( j ) ⋅ PL + ∆TF (i) +  f  (i)} [dBm]

 PH  ( i ) =  P MAX − 10 log 10 ( M  PUSCH ( i )) +  P O_PUSCH (  j ) + α   ⋅  PL + ∆ TF ( i ) +  f  ( i ) [dB ]
PPUSCH (i) :PUSCH Power in subframe i 
Pmax: max. allowed power (23 dBm for class 3)
MPUSCH: number of scheduled RBs (The UE Tx. Power increases proportionally to # of PRBs)
PO_PUSCH(j) = PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (j) + PO_UE_PUSCH (j)
PL: pathloss [dB] = referenceSignalPower – higher layer filtered RSRP
∆TF (i) = 10 log 10 (2MPR Ks – 1) for Ks = 1.25 else 0, MPR = TBS/N RE, NRE : number of RE
Ks defined by deltaMCS-Enabled , UE specific
Semi-persistant: j=0 / dynamic scheduling: j=1 (RL09: semi-persistant n/a)
PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (0,1): cell specific (SysInfo)
PO_UE_PUSCH (0,1): UE specific (RRC)
α (0,1) = 0.0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 (partial PL compensation by open loop)
Random access grant: j=2
PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (2): PO_PRE + ∆Preamble_Msg3 PO_UE_PUSCH(2) = 0
a (2) = 1.0 (i.e. full PL compensation)

f(i): TPC (closed loop adjustment) *PH = Power Headroom

11 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 11
Power Control

Open Loop PC vs. Closed Loop PC

Open Loop Power Control Target: provide a basic operating point for a
suitable PSD for an average MCS (average SINR):

 Basic _ Operating  _  Po int =  P O_PUSCH (  j ) + α  (  j ) ⋅ PL

Open Loop Power Control takes into account effects like intercell
interference and shadowing
Based on pathloss

Closed Loop PC
f(i) adjustments
Target: Fine tuning around the basic operating point
 Adapt dynamically to the channel conditions (take into account e.g. fast
fading)
Correct the estimations of power from the open loop PC

ulpcEnable
enable UL closed loop PC
LNCEL; true, false; false

12 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1 PSD: Power Spectral Density

RA4121AEN10GLA1 12
Power Control

Open Loop PC
 P PUSCH(i) = min { P MAX,10 log10 ( M PUSCH(i)) + P O_PUSCH( j) + α  ( j ) ⋅ PL + ∆TF (i) +  f  (i)} [dBm]

PO_PUSCH(j) = PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH (j) + PO_UE_PUSCH (j)

 j=0 -> PUSCH transmission with semi-persistent grant (not in RL10)

 j=1 -> PUSCH transmission with dynamic scheduling
 j=2 -> PUSCH transmission for random access grant

PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j) -> cell specific component signalled from system information for
 j=0, 1
This term is a common power level for all mobiles in the cell (used to control SINR)
p0NomPusch
Nominal Power for UE PUSCH Tx
Power Calculation
LNCEL; -126..24dbm; 1; -100
dBm
PO_UE_PUSCH(j) -> UE specific component provided by higher layers (RRC) for j=0,1
This term is a UE specific offset used to correct the errors from the estimation of the
pathloss
p0UePusch
Power Offset for UE
PUSCH Tx Power
Calculation
13 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1 LNCEL; -8..7; 1; 0 dB

p0NomPusch - This parameter defines the UE-specific nominal power for the
PUSCH. Used for P0_PUSCH calculation in UE uplink power control equation (P1)
for controlling the mean received SNR for user data during (re)transmission
corresponding to a received PDCCH with DCI format 0 associated with a new packet
transmission. This parameter is used to control mean received SNR for user data .

P0 could be sent semistatically configured in the network based on the

measurements or it is so that I set a parameter which is broadcasted??

RA4121AEN10GLA1 13
Power Control

PUSCH formula -

PL: pathloss [dB] = referenceSignalPower –

higher layer filtered RSRP

This path loss compensation factor a is adjustable by

O&M. α is a cell - specific parameter (broadcasted on
Alpha BCH).

α∈ [0.0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0]

ulpcAlpha
LNCEL; 0, 0.4..1.0; 0.1; 1.0
14 © Nokia Siemens Networks
α = 0 , no compensation
α = 1 , full compensation
α { 0 ,1 } , fractional compensation
RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 14
Power Control

Conventional & Fractional PC

• Conventional PC schemes:
 –  Attempt to maintain a constant SINR at the receiver
 – UE increases the Tx power to fully compensate for increases in the path loss
• Fractional PC schemes :
 –  Allow the received SINR to decrease as the path loss increases.
 – UE Tx power increases at a reduced rate as the path loss increases. Increases in path
loss are only partially compensated.
 – [+]: Improve air interface efficiency & increase average cell throughputs by reducing
Intercell interference
• 3GPP specifies fractional power control for the PUSCH with the option to disable it &
revert to conventional based on α

Fractional Power
UL
SINR UL Control: α ≠ { 0
SINR
,1}
Conventional Power
Control: α=1 UE Tx
If Path Loss
Power  UE Tx increases by 10
If Path Loss Power 
dB the UE Tx
increases by 10 dB
power increases
the UE Tx power
by < 10 dB
increases by 10 dB
15 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 15
Power Control

MCS dependent component

 P PUSCH(i) = min { P MAX,10 log10 ( M PUSCH(i)) + P O_PUSCH( j) + α  ( j ) ⋅ PL + ∆TF (i) +  f  (i)} [dBm]

 MPR∗ K  s
∆ TF  (i ) = 10 log10 (2 − 1) for   K S  = 1.25
deltaTfEnabled
0 Otherwise Enabled TB size (MCS) impact
to UE PUSCH power calculation
LNCEL; Yes/No; No

MPR = TBS/N RE with NRE : number of RE, TBS = Transport Block Size

Ks - Enabling/disabling of the transport format dependent offset on a per UE basis

If this parameter is enabled, PUSCH power calculation in UE uplink power control
equation takes the Transport Block size in account during the power calculation
TF = Transport Format
Could be seen as dynamic offset of the TX power: when the BTS changes the MCS
for the UE then the UE indirectly may adapt the power

Increase the power if the Transport Format (MCS, TBS size, Number of Resource
Blocks) it is so selected to increase the number of bits per Resource Element

16 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

Ks - Enabling/disabling of the transport format dependent offset on a per UE basis. If

this parameter is enabled, PUSCH power calculation in UE uplink power control
equation (P1) takes the Transport Block size in account during the power calculation.

RA4121AEN10GLA1 16
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

17 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 17
Power Control

UL-PC: PUCCH
 P PUCCH (i) = min{ P MAX , P 0_PUCCH ( j ) + PL + h(nCQI  , n HARQ ) + ∆ F_PUCCH ( F ) +  g (i )} [dBm]

PPUCCH: PUCCH Power in subframe i  p0NomPucch p0UePucch

Nominal Power for UE Power Offset for UE
Pmax: max. allowed power  PUCCH Tx Power PUCCH Tx Power
Calculation Calculation
P0_PUCCH(j) = P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH (j) + P0_UE_PUCCH (j) LNCEL; -126..24; 1; -100 dB LNCEL; -8..7; 1; 0 dB
P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH : cell specific (SysInfo)
P0_UE_PUCCH : UE specific (RRC)
PL: pathloss [dB] = referenceSignalPower – higher layer filtered RSRP

F_PUCCH (F) : deltaFListPUCCH Compensation Factor for different

(see next slide) PUCCH formats
For example if format 1a (1ACK) is
PUCCH format 1, 1a, 1b: h(n) = 0 having offset 0 then format 1b
PUCCH format 2, 2a, 2b and : (2ACK) could have offset 3dB

h(n) = 0 if nCQI < 4

h(n) = 10log10 (nCQI/4) otherwise
(here: normal CP, for extented CP also n HARQ to be considered, n:number of information bits )

g(i): TPC (closed loop adjustment)

* For PUCCH higher degree of
orthogonality could be assumed due
to the usage of the orthogonal
codes so alpha=1 (full
compensation)
18 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 18
Power Control

deltaFListPUCCH Parameters

Name Object Abbreviation Range Description Default

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFListPucch n/a dFListPucch: SEQUENCE (see values below) n/a
List

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFpucchF1 -2, 0, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 1 0 dB
Format 1

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFpucchF1b 1, 3, 5 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 1b 1 dB

Format 1b

DeltaF PUCCH LNCE dFpucchF2 -2, 0, 1, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 2 0 dB
Format 2

DeltaF PUCCH LNCE dFpucchF2a -2, 0, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 2a 0 dB
Format 2a

DeltaF PUCCH LNCEL dFpucchF2b -2, 0, 2 dB Used to define the PUCCH format 2b 0 dB
Format 2b

19 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 19
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

20 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 20
Power Control

UL-PC: Control Scheme

Open loop: level based
Interference: considered by P 0 values  not need for explicit signalling

RRC-BCCH: P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH, P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH, ALPHA, deltaFListPUCCH,

deltaPreambleMsg3

PDCCH: DELTA_PUSCH, DE LTA_PUCCH

MPUSCH taken from scheduling grant
RRC-DCCH: P0_UE_PUSCH, P 0_UE_PUCCH,
DELTA_TF_ENABLED,
ACCUMULATION_ENABLED, P_SRS_OFFSET,
filterCoefficient
Data

UE: PL
MSRS (due to SRS configuration)
SIB1, UE class: P MAX

21 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 21
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

22 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 22
Power Control

UL-PC: Closed loop - PUSCH and SRS (example)

Closed loop adjustments:
ulpcEnable
f(i) = f(i-1) + PUSCH (i - KPUSCH) i.e. recursive determination enable UL closed loop PC
LNCEL; true, false; false
or 
ulpcAccuEnable
f(i) = PUSCH (i - KPUSCH) i.e. absolute setting PUSCH/PUCCH TPC
where commands accumulation
PUSCH is the signalled TPC in subframe i-K PUSCH
enabled
For FDD: KPUSCH = 4 LNCEL; False/True; True
In RL10 False not supported
whether the recursive or absolute method is used  parameter Accumulation-enabled
Note, for RL09:
- Accumulation-enabled always “true” 
- set “(-1,0,1,3) dB” supported; “(-1,1) dB” not supported  tpcStepSize

LNCEL;TPC step size set -

P (closed loop) 1,0,1,3 (0), TPC step size set
-1,1 (1); 0
In RL10 (1) is not supported

t
23 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 23
Power Control

UL-PC: Closed Loop - Process

Per UE measurements of  SIB/RRC parameters:
• receive power of wanted signal P0_NOMINAL_PUSCH, P0_UE_PUSCH, P0_NOMINAL_PUCCH,
• interference and noise P0_UE_PUCCH, ALPHA, deltaFListPUCCH,
DELTA_TF_ENABLED, ACCUMULATION_ENABLED,
deltaPreambleMsg3, P_SRS_OFFSET, filterCoefficient
Calculation of average ENABLE_CLPC
receive level per TTI.
Calculation of SINR (two
ENABLE_CLPC_PUSCH,
methods for I+N values)
Transformation from Watt
ENABLE_CLPC_SRS;
ENABLE_CLPC_PUCCH
ulpcPuschEn
into dBm/dB domain.
Including or excluding of RSSI
and SINR measurements from
DELTA_TF_ENABLED,
Transformation into TF time scale: TTI deltaFListPUCCH PUSCH in the Closed Loop PC
independent format
component
LNCEL; true; true
SINR_MAX, SINR_MIN,
Clipping using adjustable RSSI_MAX, RSSI_MIN
parameters

WF_PUSCH_UE, WF_PUSCH_CELL, WF_SRS_UE,

Weighting WF_SRS_CELL, WF_PUCCH_UE, WF_PUCCH_CELL

Long term filtering/averaging TAVG_PUSCH_SRS_CONT,

of level and SINR using TAVG_PUSCH_SRS_DISCONT,
adjustable filter coefficients TAVG_PUCCH_CONT,
TAVG_PUCCH_DISCONT

Periodic reading of averaged level

and averaged SINR value (time FILTER_OUTPUT_PERIOD
constant adjustable)
UP_LEV_PUSCH_SRS, LOW_LEV_PUSCH_SRS,
time scale: filter output
Comparison with two- UP_QUAL_PUSCH_SRS, LOW_QUAL_PUSCH_SRS,
period (adjustable by UP_LEV_PUCCH, LOW_LEV_PUCCH, UP_QUAL_PUCCH,
dimensional decision matrix. O&M)
Calculation of DELTA_ LOW_QUAL_PUCCH, minCumDeltaPUSCH,
PUSCH and DELTA_ maxCumDeltaPUSCH, minCumDeltaPUCCH,
PUCCH values for the UE maxCumDeltaPUCCH

ulpcPucchEn
Commanding DELTA_PUSCH Including or excluding of
and DELTA_PUCCH values to the DELTA_PUSCH, DELTA_PUCCH
UE via PDCCH RSSI and SINR
measurements from
PUCCH in the Closed
t Loop PC component
LNCEL; true; true
24 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 24
Power Control

UL-PC: Closed Loop - Process

M e as u r e m e n t s a n d A v e r ag i n g  
Averaged* received level per TTI per UE: Averaged* received SINR per TTI per UE:
• RSSIPUSCH/UE Relevant for PUSCH and PUCCH: (I+N)UE and (I+N)cell
• RSSIPUCCH/UE and for SRS: (I+N)cell
• RSSISRS/UE (I+N)cell : all potential PRBs
relevant: PRBs allocated to the particular UE (I+N)UE : allocated PRBs to the particular UE
• SINRPUSCH/UE
* l i n e ar , b u t c o n v e r t e d t o d B m , d B f o r f u r t h e r • SINRPUSCH/cell
deployment 
• SINRPUCCH/UE
• SINRPUCCH/cell
• SINRSRS/cell

T r an s f o r m a t i o n i n i n d e p e n d e n t f o r m a t  
Normalization applies to: UE and/or TF specific offsets get subtracted:
• PUSCH ∆TF

• PUCCH ∆PF_PUCCH

• SRS h(n)
PO_UE_PUSCH
P0_UE_PUCCH

25 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 25
Power Control

UL-PC: Closed Loop - Process

Clippi ng 
Averaged received level per TTI per UE: Averaged received SINR per TTI per UE:
RSSI*** := min(max(RSSImin,RSSI***)RSSImax) SINR*** := min(max(SINRmin,SINR***)SINRmax)
*** PUSCH/UE, PUSCH/cell, PUCCH/UE, PUCCH/cell, SRS/cell
* ** P US CH /U E, P UC CH/ UE , S RS /U E

W e i g h t in g o f M C S i n d e p e n d e n t m e as u r e m e n t s  
PUSCH and SRS - composite SINR and RSSI :
SINR PUSCH  / UE  ⋅ WF  _  PUSCH  _ UE 
  + SINR PUSCH  / cell  ⋅ WF  _  PUSCH  _ CELL + SINR SRS  / cell  ⋅ WF  _ SRS  _ CELL
C  _ SINR PUSCH  / SRS  =
WF  _  PUSCH  _ UE  + WF  _  PUSCH  _ CELL + WF  _ SRS  _ CELL

 RSSI  PUSCH  / UE  ⋅ WF  _  PUSCH  _ UE  +  RSSI SRS  / UE  ⋅ WF  _ SRS  _ UE 

C  _  RSSI  PUSCH  / SRS  =
WF  _  PUSCH  _ UE  + WF  _ SRS  _ UE 

PUCCH - composite SINR and RSSI :

SINR  PUCCH  / UE  ⋅ WF 
   _  PUCCH   _ UE  + SINR  PUCCH  / cell  ⋅ WF   _  PUCCH   _  CELL
C  _  SINR  PUCCH  =
WF   _  PUCCH   _ UE  + WF   _  PUCCH   _  CELL

C  _  RSSI  PUCCH  =  RSSI  PUCCH / UE  Weighting factors WF_*** : range [1, 100] 

26 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 26
Power Control

UL-PC: Closed Loop - Process

Filtering 

RSSIPUSCH/SRS,filtered SINRPUSCH/SRS,filtered RSSIPUCCH,filtered SINRPUCCH,filtered

ulpcReadPeriod
Time interval for sending averaged
Decision matrix for the Decision matrix for the
RSSI and SINR values to the
PUSCH/SRS component PUCCH component of
decision matrix to determine power
of the CLPC algorithm the CLPC algorithm
corrections in Closed Loop uplink
power control.
LNCEL; 10…2000ms; 10ms; 50 ms

DELTA_PUSCH DELTA_PUCCH
value value

Low pass filter first order (exponential moving average) : filterCoeff 

 y ( n) = c ⋅  y (n − 1) + (1 − c ) ⋅  x (n )
 x: input (composite RSSI, SINR)
y: output (filtered RSSI, SINR)
n: step, max frequency = 1/TTI 
Initialization: y(0) := target RSSI/SINR 
Filter coefficient for RSRP
measurements used to calculate
pathloss.Value fc0 corresponds to k = 0,
fc1 corresponds to k = 1, and so on.
c: filter coefficient  LNCEL; fc0 (0), fc1 (1), fc2 (2), fc3 (3),
fc4 (4), fc5 (5), fc6 (6), fc7 (7), fc8 (8),
c = exp(-T/T avg 
 ) i.e. impact = (1/e) at t = -T avg  fc9 (9), fc11 (10), fc13 (11), fc15 (12),
Example: T = 1ms, T avg  = 25 ms   c = 0.96  fc17 (13), fc19 (14); fc4(4)

27 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 27
Power Control

UL-PC: Closed Loop - Process

ulpcUpqualSch Decision matrix 
High Thresh. For SINR for PUSCH
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 11dB
SINR
ulpcUpqualCch + 1 dB or  - 1 dB - 1 dB
High Thresh. For SINR for PUCCH + 3 dB
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 11dB
1 2 3
UP_QUAL_**

+ 1 dB or  0 dB -1 dB
+ 3 dB

4 5 6
LOW_QUAL_**

ulpcLowqualSch
Low Thresh. For SINR for PUSCH + 1 dB or  + 1 dB or  + 1 dB or 
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 8dB + 3 dB + 3 dB + 3 dB

7 8 9
ulpcLowqualCch
Low Thresh. For SINR for PUCCH
RSSI
LNCEL; -47...80dB; 1dB ; 1dB LOW_LEV_** UP_LEV_**

ulpcLowlevCch ulpcUplevCch
Low Thresh. For RSSI for PUCCH High Thresh. For RSSI for PUCCH
LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-103dBm LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-98dBm

ulpcLowlevSch ulpcUplevSch
Low Thresh. For RSSI for PUSCH High Thresh. For RSSI for PUSCH
LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-103dBm LNCEL; -127...0dBm;1dBm ;-98dBm

28 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 28
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters and setting impacts
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

29 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 29
Power Control

Trade-off between coverage and capacity (based

on simulations)
P0 = -52 dBm P0 = -50 dBm
α = 0.5 α = 0.5
11186 kbps / 11833 kbps /
1910 kbps 1796 kbps
P0 = -48 dBm
P0 = -86 dBm α = 0.5

α = 0.8
12318 kbps /
9044 kbps / 1579 kbps
2098 kbps

P0 = -46 dBm
α = 0.5
12625 kbps /
1247 kbps

P0 = -36 dBm
α = 0.4
12924 kbps /
1329 kbps

30 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 30
Power Control

Exercise 1: UL PC
Input:
• UE1 gets assigned 4 PRB for PUSCH
• d = 2 km
• closed loop f(i) = 0 dB
• S/I = 10 dB
• N = -174 dBm
• NFeNB= 2 dB
• Rx ant gain = 18 dBi
• Pmax = 23 dBm
• parameter values for UL PC: default

Note: PL[dB] for m acro case may be used, 1 slope model, clutter = rural (open),
h BS  = 30 m, h UE  = 1.5 m, f = 2000 MHz: 
L(d) [dB ] = 105.27 + 35.22 log 
10 ( d [ k m ] )  

Tasks:
- UL power for UE1 ?
- expected SINR ?

31 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 31
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

32 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 32
Power Control

DL-PC RL10 dlCellPwrRed

Reduction of DL Tx power;
RL10: (static) Cell Power Reduction deducted from max. antenna TX
power.
• based on single parameter CELL_PWR_RED = 0.0, 0.1 … 10.0 dB LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB
•   cell size adjustment and coverage control
pMax
• flat Power Spectral Density (PSD) Maximum output power 
• semi-static MIMO_COMP (if enabled) LNCEL; 37.0 (0), 39.0 (1), 40.0 (2), 41.8
(3), 43.0 (4), 44.8 (5), 46.0 (6), 47.8
(7);-
37.0 dBm = 5 W
39.0 dBm = 8 W
PSD PSD 40.0 dBm = 10 W
41.8 dBm = 15 W
43.0 dBm = 20 W
44.8 dBm = 30 W
46.0 dBm = 40 W
47.8 dBm = 60 W
PSD = (Max_TX_Pwr – CELL_PWR_RED) – 10*log10( 12*# PRBs) PSD = (Max_TX_Pwr – CELL_PWR_RED) – 10*log10( 12*# PRBs)

Frequency Time
Allocated DL PRBs PDCCH
DL Pilots PDSCH, PCH BCH, SCH
33 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 33
Power Control

DL-PC in RL10 dlpcMimoComp

Gain used with TxDiv or 2x2
MIMO SM
Cell Power Reduction LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB

PSD = (pMax - CELL_PWR_RED) - 10*log10( # PRBs_DL *12) - MIMO_COMP [dBm]

PSD: Power Spectral Density, which specifies the constant absolute Power per 15kHz Resource Element (RE)
pMax: maximum eNodeB transmit power per Antenna in [dBm]
CELL_PWR_RED: O&M parameter 
# PRBs_DL: maximum Number of downlink PRBs in given LTE Carrier Bandwidth
MIMO_COMP: Compensation Factor 
MIMO_COMP = 0 dB for SISO/SIMO
MIMO_COMP = 0...12 dB for MIMO Diversity and for MIMO Spatial Multiplexing 
- PSD given per antenna (RF amplifier outpu t)
- P R B s n o t s c h e d u l e d a r e b l an k e d

applied to UE / cell specific channels and signals:

- PSD_CELL_CTRL for BCCH i.e. PBCH+PDSCH, PCFICH and PCH
- PSD_CELL_RS for reference signals (RS) / pilots
dlCellPwrRed
- PSD_CELL_SYNC for synchronization channel Reduction of DL Tx power;
deducted from max. antenna TX
- PSD_UE_PDSCH for UE specific part of PDSCH power.
- PSD_UE_CTRL for PDCCH and PHICH LNCEL; 0..10; 0.1; 0 dB

34 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 34
Power Control

Module Contents

• Overview
• UL-PC: Overview
• UL-PC: PUSCH
• UL-PC: PUCCH
• UL-PC: Control Scheme
• UL-PC: Closed Loop
• UL-PC: Parameters
• DL-PC: RL10
• DL-PC: PC on PDCCH

35 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 35
Power Control

Main target of DL-PC-CCH

• DL Power Control for PDCCH is an additional mechanism interacting with

DL AMC for PDCCH in order to make the signaling as robust as possible
• DL-PC-CCH aims at 1% target BLER but cannot modify AGG assignments
• Main actions performed by DL-PC-CCH
 – Power reduction on CCEs with assigned AGG level higher than required (or equal)
 – Power boosting on CCEs with assigned AGG level lower than required
 – Equal power relocation among all scheduled CCEs

• Macro cell case #1

 Very good CCEs (CQI highly above
• Uniform UE distribution
1% BLER target)
 Bad CCEs (AGG level too high to
meet 1% BLER target)
 If still some power available,
relocate equally among all CCEs

4-CCE

8-CCE 2-CCE 1-CCE

36 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 36
Power Control

Principles of DL-PC-AMC

• PDCCH Power Control can be enabled/disabled by O&M switch

• Maximum transmit power of the Power Amplifier cannot be exceeded ( pMax ; O&M)
• Reduction and boosting range is strictly defined and is always considered as the limit for
power level modification
• DL-PC-CCH operates together with DL-AMC-CCH on TTI basis
• DCI messages with more than one CCE (AGG-…>1) have a flat PSD,
thus all CCEs belonging to one scheduled UE are transmitted with the same power 

Short Range/ Default Parameter

Description Remark
Name Step Value Scope
enablePcPdcch Enabling/disabling PC for PDCCH. true, false true Cell Changing parameter
In case the parameter is disabled, a requires object locking.
flat downlink PSD is used. Operator configurable.
pdcchPcBoost Maximum power boost per CCE. 0...10 dB, 4 dB BTS Not modifiable.
step 0.1 dB Vendor configurable.
pdcchPcRed Maximum power reduction per 0...10 dB, 6 dB BTS Not modifiable.
CCE. step 0.1 dB Vendor configurable.
pdcchPcReloc Maximum limit on the equal power 0...10 dB, 3 dB BTS Not modifiable.
relocation per CCE. step 0.1 dB Vendor configurable.

37 © Nokia Siemens Networks RA4121AEN10GLA1

RA4121AEN10GLA1 37