4.13.

Social Status and Personal Variables

The chi-square analysis has been computed to establish an association between social
status and personal variables and the results of the analysis are presented in Table 4.114.
Table 4.114: Chi-square Analysis on Social Status and Personal Variables
Level of Social Status Chi- p-
Variables Category Total sig
Low Moderate High square value
7 9 3 19
Pension
6.30% 4.60% 3.20% 4.80%
79 150 69 298
Cooli
71.20% 76.90% 73.40% 74.50%
10 12 2 24
Agriculture
9.00% 6.20% 2.10% 6.00%
1 6 3 10
Worker
0.90% 3.10% 3.20% 2.50%
Occupation
5 6 3 14
Driver 26.232 0.024 *
4.50% 3.10% 3.20% 3.50%
4 4 3 11
Mastrys
3.60% 2.10% 3.20% 2.80%
4 6 2 12
Housewives
3.60% 3.10% 2.10% 3.00%
1 2 9 12
Employees
0.90% 1.00% 9.60% 3.00%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
20 14 3 37
Male
18.00% 7.20% 3.20% 9.30%
Sex
91 181 91 363
Female 15.272 0.000 **
82.00% 92.80% 96.80% 90.80%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 4 8 1 13
Below 20
3.60% 4.10% 1.10% 3.30%
40 64 33 137
21-30
36.00% 32.80% 35.10% 34.30%
22 47 28 97
31-40
19.80% 24.10% 29.80% 24.30%
Age 24 37 15 76
41-50
(Years) 21.60% 19.00% 16.00% 19.00%
11.634 0.475 NS
14 17 8 39
51-60
12.60% 8.70% 8.50% 9.80%
4 20 7 31
61-70
3.60% 10.30% 7.40% 7.80%
3 2 2 7
Above 70
2.70% 1.00% 2.10% 1.80%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
59 129 54 242
Illiterate
53.20% 66.20% 57.40% 60.50%
19 25 13 57
Primary
17.10% 12.80% 13.80% 14.30%
28 33 14 75
Education Secondary
25.20% 16.90% 14.90% 18.80%
22.048 0.005 **
2 7 5 14
Inter
1.80% 3.60% 5.30% 3.50%
3 1 8 12
Degree
2.70% 0.50% 8.50% 3.00%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 106 187 94 387
Nuclear
Type of 95.50% 95.90% 100.00% 96.80%
Family 5 8 0 13
Joint 4.164 0.125 NS
4.50% 4.10% 0.00% 3.30%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
80 162 78 320
Own
Type of 72.10% 83.10% 83.00% 80.00%
House 31 33 16 80
Rented 6.035 0.049 *
27.90% 16.90% 17.00% 20.00%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

98 171 71 340
Married
88.30% 87.70% 75.50% 85.00%
3 7 6 16
Unmarried
Marital 2.70% 3.60% 6.40% 4.00%
Status 8 11 11 30
Widow 9.553 0.145 NS
7.20% 5.60% 11.70% 7.50%
2 6 6 14
Divorcee
1.80% 3.10% 6.40% 3.50%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
68 108 58 234
Relatives
61.30% 55.40% 61.70% 58.50%
Type of 43 86 32 161
Outside
Marriage 38.70% 44.10% 34.00% 40.30%
11.342 0.023 *
Love 0 1 4 5
Marriage 0.00% 0.50% 4.30% 1.30%
111 195 94 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 Table-114 depicts that the chi-square value is highly significant at 1% level on sex,
education and hence it can be inferred that the level of social status has a strong association
with these variables. Moreover, the chi-square value is significant at 5% level on the type of
house, occupation and type of marriage and hence it can be inferred that the level of social
status has a substantial association with these variables. On the contrary, it is observed that
the chi-square value is not significant on marital status and hence it can be inferred that there
is no association between level of social status and marital status.
 4.14. Economic Status and Personal Variables
The chi-square analysis has been computed to establish an association between
economic status and personal variables and the results of the analysis are presented in Table
4.115.
Table 4.115: Chi-square Analysis on Economic Status and Personal Variables
Level of Economic Status Chi- p-
Variables Category Total sig
Low Moderate High square value
9 9 1 19
Pension
8.30% 4.40% 1.10% 4.80%
75 153 70 298
Cooli
69.40% 75.40% 78.70% 74.50%
8 13 3 24
Agriculture
7.40% 6.40% 3.40% 6.00%
0 7 3 10
Worker
0.00% 3.40% 3.40% 2.50%
Occupation
7 6 1 14
Driver 40.133 0.000 **
6.50% 3.00% 1.10% 3.50%
3 7 1 11
Mastrys
2.80% 3.40% 1.10% 2.80%
6 5 1 12
Housewives
5.60% 2.50% 1.10% 3.00%
0 3 9 12
Employees
0.00% 1.50% 10.10% 3.00%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
16 17 4 37
Male
14.80% 8.40% 4.50% 9.30%
Sex
92 186 85 363
Female 6.567 0.037 *
85.20% 91.60% 95.50% 90.80%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 3 9 1 13
Age (Years) Below 20
2.80% 4.40% 1.10% 3.30%
38 66 33 137
21-30
35.20% 32.50% 37.10% 34.30%
24 47 26 97
31-40
22.20% 23.20% 29.20% 24.30%
23 39 14 76
41-50
21.30% 19.20% 15.70% 19.00%
8.144 0.774 NS
11 22 6 39
51-60
10.20% 10.80% 6.70% 9.80%
6 18 7 31
61-70
5.60% 8.90% 7.90% 7.80%
3 2 2 7
Above 70
2.80% 1.00% 2.20% 1.80%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
60 133 49 242
Illiterate
55.60% 65.50% 55.10% 60.50%
16 27 14 57
Primary
14.80% 13.30% 15.70% 14.30%
25 36 14 75
Education Secondary
23.10% 17.70% 15.70% 18.80%
19.013 0.015 *
4 6 4 14
Inter
3.70% 3.00% 4.50% 3.50%
3 1 8 12
Degree
2.80% 0.50% 9.00% 3.00%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 102 197 88 387
Nuclear
Type of 94.40% 97.00% 98.90% 96.80%
Family 6 6 1 13
Joint 3.161 0.206 NS
5.60% 3.00% 1.10% 3.30%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
75 172 73 320
Own
Type of 69.40% 84.70% 82.00% 80.00%
House 33 31 16 80
Rented 10.586 0.005 **
30.60% 15.30% 18.00% 20.00%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

97 172 71 340
Married
89.80% 84.70% 79.80% 85.00%
2 10 4 16
Unmarried
Marital 1.90% 4.90% 4.50% 4.00%
Status 7 14 9 30
Widow 5.356 0.499 NS
6.50% 6.90% 10.10% 7.50%
2 7 5 14
Divorcee
1.90% 3.40% 5.60% 3.50%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
62 119 53 234
Relatives
57.40% 58.60% 59.60% 58.50%
Type of 45 84 32 161
Outside
Marriage 41.70% 41.40% 36.00% 40.30%
10.688 0.030 *
Love 1 0 4 5
Marriage 0.90% 0.00% 4.50% 1.30%
108 203 89 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 Table-4.115 shows that the chi-square value is highly significant at 1% level on
occupation and type of house and hence it can be inferred that the level of social status has a
strong association with these variables. Moreover, the chi-square value is significant at 5%
level on type of sex, education and type of marriage and hence it can be inferred that the level
of social status has a substantial association with these variables. On the contrary, it is
observed that the chi-square value is not significant on age, type of family and marital status
and hence it can be inferred that there is no association between level of social status and
marital status.
 4.15. Political Status and Personal Variables
The chi-square analysis has been computed to establish an association between
political status and personal variables and the results of the analysis are presented in the
Table 4.116.
Table 4.116: Chi-square Analysis on Political Status and Personal Variables
Level of Political Status
Chi- p-
Variables Category Total sig
Low Moderate High square value

8 9 2 19
Pension
5.50% 4.80% 2.90% 4.80%
111 141 46 298
Coolie
76.60% 75.80% 66.70% 74.50%
9 12 3 24
Agriculture
6.20% 6.50% 4.30% 6.00%
1 6 3 10
Worker
0.70% 3.20% 4.30% 2.50%
Occupation
5 7 2 14
Driver 35.637 0.001 **
3.40% 3.80% 2.90% 3.50%
5 3 3 11
Mastrys
3.40% 1.60% 4.30% 2.80%
5 6 1 12
Housewives
3.40% 3.20% 1.40% 3.00%
1 2 9 12
Employees
0.70% 1.10% 13.00% 3.00%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
15 20 2 37
Male
10.30% 10.80% 2.90% 9.30%
Sex
130 166 67 363
Female 4.023 0.134 NS
89.70% 89.20% 97.10% 90.80%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 6 6 1 13
Below 20
4.10% 3.20% 1.40% 3.30%
54 56 27 137
21-30
37.20% 30.10% 39.10% 34.30%
34 47 16 97
31-40
23.40% 25.30% 23.20% 24.30%
27 37 12 76
Age (Years) 41-50
18.60% 19.90% 17.40% 19.00%
14.611 0.263 NS
18 16 5 39
51-60
12.40% 8.60% 7.20% 9.80%
3 21 7 31
61-70
2.10% 11.30% 10.10% 7.80%
3 3 1 7
Above 60
2.10% 1.60% 1.40% 1.80%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
83 117 42 242
Illiterate
57.20% 62.90% 60.90% 60.50%
22 27 8 57
Primary
15.20% 14.50% 11.60% 14.30%
31 35 9 75
Education Secondary
21.40% 18.80% 13.00% 18.80%
24.310 0.002 **
7 5 2 14
Inter
4.80% 2.70% 2.90% 3.50%
2 2 8 12
Degree
1.40% 1.10% 11.60% 3.00%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 137 181 69 387
Nuclear
94.50% 97.30% 100.00% 96.80%
Type of Family
8 5 0 13
Joint 4.875 0.087 NS
5.50% 2.70% 0.00% 3.30%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
110 155 55 320
Own
75.90% 83.30% 79.70% 80.00%
Type of House
35 31 14 80
Rented 2.847 0.241 NS
24.10% 16.70% 20.30% 20.00%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

126 162 52 340

Married
86.90% 87.10% 75.40% 85.00%
6 8 2 16
Unmarried
Marital 4.10% 4.30% 2.90% 4.00%
Status 8 14 8 30
Widow 15.303 0.018 *
5.50% 7.50% 11.60% 7.50%
5 2 7 14
Divorcee
3.40% 1.10% 10.10% 3.50%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
87 106 41 234
Relatives
60.00% 57.00% 59.40% 58.50%
Type of 57 80 24 161
Outside
Marriage 39.30% 43.00% 34.80% 40.30%
15.137 0.004 **
Love 1 0 4 5
Marriage 0.70% 0.00% 5.80% 1.30%
145 186 69 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 Table-4.116 indicates that the chi-square value is highly significant at 1% level on
occupation, education and type of marriage and hence it can be inferred that the level of
social status has a strong association with these variables. Moreover, the chi-square value is
significant at 5% level on marital status and hence it can be inferred that the level of social
status has a substantial association with these variables. On the contrary, it is observed that
the chi-square value is not significant on sex, age, type house and type of family and hence it
can be inferred that there is no association between level of social status and marital status.
 4.16. Educational Status and Personal Variables
The chi-square analysis has been computed to establish an association between
educational status and personal variables and the results of the analysis are presented in Table
4.117.
Table 4.117: Chi-square Analysis on Educational Status and Personal Variables
Level of Educational Status Chi- p-
Variables Category Total sig
Low Moderate High square value
6 9 4 19
Pension
5.80% 4.40% 4.40% 4.80%
76 158 64 298
Cooli
73.10% 76.70% 71.10% 74.50%
3 17 4 24
Agriculture
2.90% 8.30% 4.40% 6.00%
4 3 3 10
Worker
3.80% 1.50% 3.30% 2.50%
Occupation
7 4 3 14
Driver 33.481 0.002 **
6.70% 1.90% 3.30% 3.50%
5 5 1 11
Mastrys
4.80% 2.40% 1.10% 2.80%
2 8 2 12
Housewives
1.90% 3.90% 2.20% 3.00%
1 2 9 12
Employees
1.00% 1.00% 10.00% 3.00%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
13 20 4 37
Male
12.50% 9.70% 4.40% 9.30%
Sex
91 186 86 363
Female 3.836 0.147 NS
87.50% 90.30% 95.60% 90.80%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 4 6 3 13
Below 20
3.80% 2.90% 3.30% 3.30%
41 62 34 137
21-30
39.40% 30.10% 37.80% 34.30%
27 46 24 97
31-40
26.00% 22.30% 26.70% 24.30%
16 45 15 76
Age (Years) 41-50
15.40% 21.80% 16.70% 19.00%
12.886 0.377 NS
11 24 4 39
51-60
10.60% 11.70% 4.40% 9.80%
3 20 8 31
61-70
2.90% 9.70% 8.90% 7.80%
2 3 2 7
Above 70
1.90% 1.50% 2.20% 1.80%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
59 132 51 242
Illiterate
56.70% 64.10% 56.70% 60.50%
14 31 12 57
Primary
13.50% 15.00% 13.30% 14.30%
26 34 15 75
Education Secondary
25.00% 16.50% 16.70% 18.80%
17.967 0.021 *
4 6 4 14
Inter
3.80% 2.90% 4.40% 3.50%
1 3 8 12
Degree
1.00% 1.50% 8.90% 3.00%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 99 201 87 387
Nuclear
Type of 95.20% 97.60% 96.70% 96.80%
Family 5 5 3 13
Joint 1.248 0.536 NS
4.80% 2.40% 3.30% 3.30%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
78 165 77 320
Own
Type of 75.00% 80.10% 85.60% 80.00%
House 26 41 13 80
Rented 3.362 0.186 NS
25.00% 19.90% 14.40% 20.00%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

92 173 75 340
Married
88.50% 84.00% 83.30% 85.00%
4 11 1 16
Unmarried
Marital 3.80% 5.30% 1.10% 4.00%
Status 5 17 8 30
Widow 7.770 0.255 NS
4.80% 8.30% 8.90% 7.50%
3 5 6 14
Divorcee
2.90% 2.40% 6.70% 3.50%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
65 113 56 234
Relatives
62.50% 54.90% 62.20% 58.50%
Type of 38 93 30 161
Outside
Marriage 36.50% 45.10% 33.30% 40.30%
13.690 0.009 **
Love 1 0 4 5
Marriage 1.00% 0.00% 4.40% 1.30%
104 206 90 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 Table-4.117 reveals that the chi-square value is highly significant at 1% level on
occupation and type of marriage and hence it can be inferred that the level of social status has
a strong association with these variables. Moreover, the chi-square value is significant at 5%
level on education and hence it can be inferred that the level of social status has a substantial
association with these variables. On the contrary, it is observed that the chi-square value is
not significant on sex, age, type house, marital status and type of family and hence it can be
inferred that there is no association between level of social status and marital status.
 4.17. Health Status and Personal Variables
The chi-square analysis has been computed to establish an association between health
status and personal variables and the results of the analysis are presented in Table 4.118.
Table 4.118: Chi-square Analysis on Personal Variables and Health Status
Level of Health Status Chi- p-
Variables Category Total sig
Low Moderate High square value
8 9 2 19
Pension
6.30% 5.00% 2.20% 4.80%
96 136 66 298
Cooli
75.00% 76.00% 71.00% 74.50%
9 11 4 24
Agriculture
7.00% 6.10% 4.30% 6.00%
4 3 3 10
Worker
3.10% 1.70% 3.20% 2.50%
Occupation
5 7 2 14
Driver 26.094 0.025 *
3.90% 3.90% 2.20% 3.50%
4 3 4 11
Mastrys
3.10% 1.70% 4.30% 2.80%
2 7 3 12
Housewives
1.60% 3.90% 3.20% 3.00%
0 3 9 12
Employees
0.00% 1.70% 9.70% 3.00%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
18 17 2 37
Male
14.10% 9.50% 2.20% 9.30%
Sex
110 162 91 363
Female 9.129 0.010 **
85.90% 90.50% 97.80% 90.80%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 3 8 2 13
Below 20
2.30% 4.50% 2.20% 3.30%
47 57 33 137
21-30
36.70% 31.80% 35.50% 34.30%
30 38 29 97
31-40
23.40% 21.20% 31.20% 24.30%
24 40 12 76
Age (Years) 41-50
18.80% 22.30% 12.90% 19.00%
8.871 0.714 NS
14 17 8 39
51-60
10.90% 9.50% 8.60% 9.80%
8 15 8 31
61-70
6.30% 8.40% 8.60% 7.80%
2 4 1 7
Above 70
1.60% 2.20% 1.10% 1.80%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
77 112 53 242
Illiterate
60.20% 62.60% 57.00% 60.50%
21 22 14 57
Primary
16.40% 12.30% 15.10% 14.30%
27 33 15 75
Education Secondary
21.10% 18.40% 16.10% 18.80%
17.448 0.026 *
2 9 3 14
Inter
1.60% 5.00% 3.20% 3.50%
1 3 8 12
Degree
0.80% 1.70% 8.60% 3.00%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 122 174 91 387
Nuclear
Type of 95.30% 97.20% 97.80% 96.80%
Family 6 5 2 13
Joint 1.317 0.518 NS
4.70% 2.80% 2.20% 3.30%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
96 147 77 320
Own
Type of 75.00% 82.10% 82.80% 80.00%
House 32 32 16 80
Rented 2.958 0.228 NS
25.00% 17.90% 17.20% 20.00%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

112 155 73 340

Married
87.50% 86.60% 78.50% 85.00%
6 6 4 16
Unmarried
Marital 4.70% 3.40% 4.30% 4.00%
Status 9 12 9 30
Widow 8.771 0.187 NS
7.00% 6.70% 9.70% 7.50%
1 6 7 14
Divorcee
0.80% 3.40% 7.50% 3.50%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
77 103 54 234
Relatives
60.20% 57.50% 58.10% 58.50%
Type of 51 75 35 161
Outside
Marriage 39.80% 41.90% 37.60% 40.30%
9.586 0.048 *
Love 0 1 4 5
Marriage 0.00% 0.60% 4.30% 1.30%
128 179 93 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 Table-4.118 indicates that the chi-square value is highly significant at 1% level on sex
and hence it can be inferred that the level of social status has a strong association with sex.
Moreover, the chi-square value is significant at 5% level on occupation, education and type
of marriage and hence it can be inferred that the level of social status has a substantial
association with these variables. On the contrary, it is observed that the chi-square value is
not significant on age, type house, marital status and type of family and hence it can be
inferred that there is no association between level of social status and marital status.
 4.18. TOTAL Status and Personal Variables
The chi-square analysis has been computed to establish an association between total
status and personal variables and the results of the analysis are presented in Table 4.119.
Table 4.119: Chi-square Analysis on Total Status and Personal Variables
Level of Total Scale Chi- p-
Variables Category Total sig
Low Moderate High square value
7 9 3 19
Pension
6.80% 4.30% 3.40% 4.80%
75 162 61 298
Cooli
72.80% 77.10% 70.10% 74.50%
4 17 3 24
Agriculture
3.90% 8.10% 3.40% 6.00%
1 6 3 10
Worker
1.00% 2.90% 3.40% 2.50%
Occupation
7 4 3 14
Driver 35.166 0.001 **
6.80% 1.90% 3.40% 3.50%
5 3 3 11
Mastrys
4.90% 1.40% 3.40% 2.80%
4 6 2 12
House wives
3.90% 2.90% 2.30% 3.00%
0 3 9 12
Employees
0.00% 1.40% 10.30% 3.00%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
17 18 2 37
Male
16.50% 8.60% 2.30% 9.30%
Sex
86 192 85 363
Female 11.581 0.003 **
83.50% 91.40% 97.70% 90.80%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 3 9 1 13
Below 20
2.90% 4.30% 1.10% 3.30%
42 63 32 137
21-30
40.80% 30.00% 36.80% 34.30%
27 43 27 97
31-40
26.20% 20.50% 31.00% 24.30%
15 48 13 76
Age (Years) 41-50
14.60% 22.90% 14.90% 19.00%
27.518 0.007 **
12 22 5 39
51-60
11.70% 10.50% 5.70% 9.80%
0 23 8 31
61-70
0.00% 11.00% 9.20% 7.80%
4 2 1 7
Above 70
3.90% 1.00% 1.10% 1.80%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
55 139 48 242
Illiterate
53.40% 66.20% 55.20% 60.50%
15 31 11 57
Primary
14.60% 14.80% 12.60% 14.30%
28 31 16 75
Education Secondary
27.20% 14.80% 18.40% 18.80%
24.953 0.002 **
2 8 4 14
Inter
1.90% 3.80% 4.60% 3.50%
3 1 8 12
Degree
2.90% 0.50% 9.20% 3.00%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 98 203 86 387
Nuclear
Type of 95.10% 96.70% 98.90% 96.80%
Family 5 7 1 13
Joint 2.069 0.355 ns
4.90% 3.30% 1.10% 3.30%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
75 175 70 320
Own
Type of 72.80% 83.30% 80.50% 80.00%
House 28 35 17 80
Rented 4.793 0.091 ns
27.20% 16.70% 19.50% 20.00%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

93 179 68 340
Married
90.30% 85.20% 78.20% 85.00%
2 10 4 16
Unmarried
Marital 1.90% 4.80% 4.60% 4.00%
Status 6 15 9 30
Widow 7.483 0.279 ns
5.80% 7.10% 10.30% 7.50%
2 6 6 14
Divorcee
1.90% 2.90% 6.90% 3.50%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
70 112 52 234
Relatives
68.00% 53.30% 59.80% 58.50%
Type of 32 98 31 161
Outside
Marriage 31.10% 46.70% 35.60% 40.30%
17.814 0.001 **
Love 1 0 4 5
Marriage 1.00% 0.00% 4.60% 1.30%
103 210 87 400
Total
100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
 Table-4.119 indicates that the chi-square value is highly significant at 1% level on
occupation, education, sex and type of marriage and hence it can be inferred that the level of
social status has a strong association with these variables. On the contrary, it is observed that
the chi-square value is not significant on, type house, marital status and type of family and
hence it can be inferred that there is no association between level of social status and marital
status.
4.19. CORRELATION ANALYSIS
The most familiar measure of dependence between two quantities is the Pearson
product-moment correlation coefficient, or "Pearson's correlation." It is obtained by dividing
the covariance of the two variables by the product of their standard deviations. Karl Pearson
developed the coefficient from a similar but slightly different idea by Francis Galton. The
population correlation coefficient ρX,Y between two random variables X and Y with expected
values μX and μY and standard deviations σX and σY is defined as:
n  xy - ( x)(  y)
r
n  x 2   x 2  n  y 2   y 2 
   

The Pearson correlation is defined only if both of the standard deviations are finite
and both of them are nonzero. It is a corollary of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality that the
correlation cannot exceed 1 in absolute value. The correlation coefficient is symmetric:
corr(X,Y) = corr(Y,X).
The Pearson correlation is +1 in the case of a perfect positive (increasing) linear
relationship (correlation), -1 in the case of a perfect decreasing (negative) linear relationship
(anti correlation), and some value between -1 and 1 in all other cases, indicating the degree of
linear dependence between the variables. As it approaches zero, there is less of a relationship
(closer to uncorrelated). The closer the coefficient is to either -1 or 1, the stronger the
correlation between the variables.
If the variables are independent, Pearson's correlation coefficient is 0, but the
converse is not true because the correlation coefficient detects only linear dependencies
between two variables. For example, suppose the random variable X is symmetrically
distributed about zero, and Y = X2. Then Y is completely determined by X, so that X and Y are
perfectly dependent, but their correlation is zero; they are uncorrelated. However, in the
special case when X and Y are jointly normal, uncorrelatedness is equivalent to independence.
Personal Variables vs. Scales
The correlations have been ascertained between scales and personal variables and the
results are presented in the Table 4.120.
Table 4.120: Correlations: Personal Variables vs. Scales
Social Economical Political Educational Health
Total
Status Status Status Status Status
r
.117(*) .160(**) .164(**) 0.08 .140(**) .155(**)
value
Occupation p
0.02 0.001 0.001 0.109 0.005 0.002
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
.253(**) .205(**) .187(**) .190(**) .201(**) .244(**)
value
Income p
0 0 0 0 0 0
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
.189(**) .122(*) 0.067 .116(*) .126(*) .147(**)
value
Sex p
0 0.015 0.182 0.02 0.011 0.003
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
-0.009 -0.027 0.072 0.052 0.02 0.024
value
Age p
0.858 0.588 0.153 0.296 0.697 0.632
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
0.072 0.087 0.051 0.04 0.056 0.072
value
Education p
0.15 0.082 0.312 0.43 0.265 0.15
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
 r
-0.085 -0.065 -0.086 -0.034 -0.051 -0.075
value
Type of Family p
0.09 0.192 0.086 0.498 0.311 0.132
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r - - - - - -
value .116(*) .131(**) .143(**) .130(**) .135(**) .153(**)
Type of House p
0.02 0.009 0.004 0.009 0.007 0.002
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
.110(*) .126(*) .145(**) 0.093 .119(*) .139(**)
value
Marital Status p
0.027 0.012 0.004 0.064 0.018 0.005
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
0.012 -0.08 -0.053 -0.014 0.016 -0.028
value
Wife Age at
p
Marriage 0.807 0.109 0.292 0.775 0.753 0.57
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
-0.021 -0.071 -0.068 -0.062 -0.02 -0.057
value
Husband Age at
p
Marriage 0.678 0.154 0.176 0.214 0.689 0.255
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
0.066 0.05 0.017 0.092 0.074 0.07
value
Type of Marriage p
0.184 0.323 0.737 0.065 0.14 0.161
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
-0.088 -.101(*) -0.044 -0.062 -0.085 -0.09
Total Children value
p 0.079 0.044 0.376 0.213 0.091 0.073
 value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
-0.065 -0.027 0.008 0.014 -0.006 -0.019
value
Public Amenities p
0.196 0.586 0.877 0.786 0.911 0.709
value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r
.108(*) 0.051 0.035 .105(*) 0.092 0.092
Planning value
Children’s p
0.031 0.305 0.485 0.036 0.065 0.066
Marriage value
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
Occupation: Table-4.120 shows that 1% level of correlation exists between occupation and
economic, political, health and total variables while it is at 5% between occupation and social
status. On the contrary, there is no relationship between occupation and educational status.
Income: Table-4.120 depicts that 1% level of correlation exists between income and
economic, political, educational, health status and total variables. It is concluded that income
has lots of impact on personal variables.
Sex: From Table-4.120, 1% level of correlation exists between gender and social status and
gender and total variables. Moreover, the correlation at 5% level is observed between gender
and economic status, educational status and health status. On the contrary, there is relation
between gender and political status.
Age, Education and Type of Family: Table-4.120 indicates that there is no correlation
exists between age, education and type of family and personal variables of the respondents.
Type of House: Table-4.120 reveals that 1% level of correlation exists between type of
house of the respondents and all the personal variables considered for the present study.
Marital Status: Marital status is highly correlated at 1% level with political status and total
variables while it correlated at 5% level with social, economic and health status of the
respondents. On the contrary, there is no correlation between marital status and educational
status of the respondents.
 It is quite interesting to observe that there is correlation among the variables wife’s
age at marriage, husband’s age at marriage, type of marriage, total children, public amenities,
planning children’s marriage of the respondents.
Correlations
Correlation analysis has been carried out to under the relationship among the personal
variables of the respondents 4.121.
Table 4.121: Correlations
Social Economical Political Educational Health
Total
Status Status Status Status Status
r value 1 .747(**) .657(**) .565(**) .619(**) .846(**)
Social Status p value . 0 0 0 0 0
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r value .747(**) 1 .752(**) .576(**) .622(**) .871(**)
Economical
p value 0 . 0 0 0 0
Status
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r value .657(**) .752(**) 1 .626(**) .695(**) .873(**)
Political Status p value 0 0 . 0 0 0
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r value .565(**) .576(**) .626(**) 1 .734(**) .819(**)
Educational
p value 0 0 0 . 0 0
Status
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r value .619(**) .622(**) .695(**) .734(**) 1 .856(**)
Health Status p value 0 0 0 0 . 0
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
r value .846(**) .871(**) .873(**) .819(**) .856(**) 1
Total p value 0 0 0 0 0 .
N 400 400 400 400 400 400
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Social Status
From Table-4.121, social status is highly correlated at 1% level with social, economic,
political, health and total personal variables of the respondents.
Economical Status
From Table-4.121, the economical status of the respondents is highly correlated at 1%
level with social, political, health and total personal variables of the respondents.
Political Status
Table-4.121 reveals that the political status is highly correlated at 1% level with all
the personal variables.
Educational Status
Table-4.121 indicates that the educational status is highly correlated at 1% level with
all the personal variables.
Health Status
Table-4.121 depicts that the health status is highly correlated at 1% level with all the
personal variables
Total Personal Variables
From Table-4.121, all the personal variables have high correlation with each other.
4.20. t-test
x1  x2
t
s12 s22

n1 n2

x1  x2
t
s12 s22

n1 n2
 Table 4.122: Mean, S.D and t-value: Gender wise Difference
Variables Sex N Mean SD t-value p-value sig
Male 37 32.140 6.684
Social Status 3.848 0.000 **
Female 363 36.490 6.545
Male 37 30.220 6.156
Economical Status 2.452 0.015 *
Female 363 33.040 6.720
Male 37 34.380 5.160
Political Status 1.338 0.182 NS
Female 363 35.810 6.306
Male 37 39.240 7.414
Educational Status 2.329 0.020 *
Female 363 41.820 6.291
Male 37 38.350 5.213
Health Status 2.542 0.011 *
Female 363 41.020 6.161
Male 37 174.320 24.431
Total 2.955 0.003 **
Female 363 188.180 27.417

Table-4.122 depicts that the t-value is significant at 1% level on social and total
variables. Hence it can be inferred that there is high level difference between gender and
these variables. Moreover, the t-value is significant at 5% level on economical, educational
and health status. Hence it can be inferred that gender has substantial influence on
economical, educational and health status of the respondents.
 Table 4.123: Mean, S.D and t-value: Type of House wise Difference
Variable Type of House N Mean SD t-value p-value sig
Own 320 36.480 6.371
Social Status 2.337 0.020 *
Rented 80 34.540 7.602
Own 320 33.220 6.599
Economical Status 2.630 0.009 **
Rented 80 31.030 6.915
Own 320 36.130 5.788
Political Status 2.889 0.004 **
Rented 80 33.900 7.478
Own 320 42.000 6.026
Educational Status 2.626 0.009 **
Rented 80 39.900 7.681
Own 320 41.180 5.717
Health Status 2.712 0.007 **
Rented 80 39.130 7.342
Own 320 189.000 25.938
Total 3.099 0.002 **
Rented 80 178.490 31.494

Table-4.123 shows that the t-value is significant at 1% level on economical, political,

educational, health and total variables. Thus, it can be inferred that there is high level
difference between type of house and these variables. Moreover, the t-value is significant at
5% level on social status. Thus, it can be inferred type of house has substantial influence on
the social status of the respondents.

4.21. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

S2
F 1
S2
2

Where S 2 = means square between groups

1
S 2 = means square
2

4.21.1. ANOVA on Occupation and Personal Variables

ANOVA test has been computed on income and personal variables and the results are
presented in the Table 4.124.
 Table 4.124: Mean, S.D and F-value: ANOVA: Occupation Wise Difference
Variables Category N Mean SD F p-value sig
Pension 19 34.260 6.649
Coolie 298 36.100 6.428
Agriculture 24 34.750 5.810
Worker 10 38.100 5.195
Social Status Driver 14 34.290 7.829 4.229 0.000 **
Mastrys 11 35.000 9.370
Housewives 12 33.670 5.449
Employees 12 45.080 6.171
Total 400 36.090 6.671
Pension 19 29.530 6.077
Coolie 298 32.820 6.365
Agriculture 24 31.250 5.415
Worker 10 35.400 4.926
Economical Status Driver 14 30.430 7.470 6.879 0.000 **
Mastrys 11 31.550 8.178
Housewives 12 30.580 5.807
Employees 12 43.920 7.716
Total 400 32.780 6.712
Pension 19 33.890 6.830
Coolie 298 35.500 5.836
Agriculture 24 35.330 5.206
Worker 10 38.100 5.065
Political Status Driver 14 35.210 8.405 5.514 0.000 **
Mastrys 11 34.270 6.326
Housewives 12 33.670 5.087
Employees 12 45.580 7.549
Total 400 35.680 6.217
 Pension 19 40.000 7.172
Cooli 298 41.570 6.534
Agriculture 24 42.380 4.490
Worker 10 41.600 5.777
Educational Status Driver 14 39.360 6.957 2.353 0.023 *
Mastrys 11 38.730 6.589
Housewives 12 41.750 4.845
Employees 12 47.670 3.916
Total 400 41.580 6.436
Pension 19 39.050 6.320
Cooli 298 40.660 6.115
Agriculture 24 40.170 5.247
Worker 10 41.200 7.177
Health Status Driver 14 40.210 6.530 2.308 0.026 *
Mastrys 11 40.910 6.906
Housewives 12 41.000 4.632
Employees 12 47.330 4.008
Total 400 40.770 6.122
Pension 19 176.740 26.853
Coolie 298 186.650 26.226
Agriculture 24 183.880 22.085
Worker 10 194.400 25.034
Total Driver 14 179.500 31.840 5.384 0.000 **
Mastrys 11 180.450 34.631
Housewives 12 180.670 22.362
Employees 12 229.580 28.513
Total 400 186.900 27.422

From Table-4.124, the F-value is highly significant between occupation and social,
political, economical, status and total variables at 1% level of significance. Hence it can be
inferred that there is a substantial association between occupation and all the personal
variables of the respondents. Moreover, the f value is significant at 5% level on educational
and health status. Hence it can be inferred that occupation has substantial influence on
educational and health status of the respondents.
4.21.2. ANOVA on Income and Personal Variables
ANOVA test has been computed on income and personal variables and the results are
presented in the Table 4.125.
Table 4.125: Mean, S.D and F-value: ANOVA: Income Wise Difference
Variables Income N Mean SD F p-value Sig
Below 5000 240 35.000 6.831
5000-10000 121 36.690 5.741
Social Status 14.937 0.000 **
above 10000 39 40.920 6.076
Total 400 36.090 6.671
Below 5000 240 32.080 6.576
5000-10000 121 32.530 5.647
Economical Status 13.415 0.000 **
Above 10000 39 37.870 8.395
Total 400 32.780 6.712
Below 5000 240 35.130 6.289
5000-10000 121 35.310 4.834
Political Status 12.266 0.000 **
Above 10000 39 40.230 7.724
Total 400 35.680 6.217
Below 5000 240 40.790 6.989
5000-10000 121 42.010 5.181
Educational Status 8.105 0.000 **
Above 10000 39 45.080 5.086
Total 400 41.580 6.436
Below 5000 240 40.060 6.516
5000-10000 121 40.880 5.171
Health Status 10.647 0.000 **
Above 10000 39 44.820 4.701
Total 400 40.770 6.122
Below 5000 240 183.050 28.039
5000-10000 121 187.410 21.796
Total 16.090 0.000 **
Above 10000 39 208.920 29.311
Total 400 186.900 27.422
Table-4.125 shows that the F-value is highly significant between income and social,
political, economical, educational, health status and total variables at 1% level of
significance. Thus, it can be inferred that there is substantial association between income and
all the personal variables of the respondents. It is concluded that income high influence on all
the personal variables of the respondents.
4.21.3. ANOVA on Education and Personal Variables
ANOVA test has been computed on education and personal variables and the results
are presented in the Table 4.126.
Table 4.126: Mean, S.D and F-value: ANOVA: Education wise difference
Variables Education N Mean SD F p-value Sig
Illiterate 242 36.120 6.159
Primary 57 35.440 6.774
Secondary 75 35.080 7.436
Social Status 4.017 0.003 **
Inter 14 37.640 7.012
Degree 12 42.920 7.489
Total 400 36.090 6.671
Illiterate 242 32.700 6.263
Primary 57 32.750 6.423
Secondary 75 31.570 6.799
Economical Status 5.400 0.000 **
Inter 14 33.640 7.228
Degree 12 41.000 10.366
Total 400 32.780 6.712
Illiterate 242 35.850 5.379
Primary 57 35.120 6.998
Secondary 75 34.430 6.504
Political Status 6.491 0.000 **
Inter 14 34.790 7.856
Degree 12 43.830 8.643
Total 400 35.680 6.217
Illiterate 242 41.720 5.941
Primary 57 40.720 8.141
Secondary 75 40.800 6.562
Educational Status 2.370 0.052 *
Inter 14 42.570 5.185
Degree 12 46.420 5.915
Total 400 41.580 6.436
 Illiterate 242 40.920 5.616
Primary 57 39.560 8.157
Secondary 75 40.090 5.861
Health Status 3.269 0.012 *
Inter 14 42.430 4.363
Degree 12 45.920 5.728
Total 400 40.770 6.122
Illiterate 242 187.310 24.380
Primary 57 183.600 30.825
Secondary 75 181.970 28.948
Total 5.541 0.000 **
Inter 14 191.070 29.061
Degree 12 220.080 36.498
Total 400 186.900 27.422

From Table-4.126, the F-value is highly significant between education and social,
economical and political status and total variables at 1% level of significance. It can be
inferred that there is a substantial association between education and social, economical and
political status. It is concluded that education has lots of influence on social, economical and
political status of the respondents. On the contrary, the F-value is significant at 5% level on
health status and educational status. It can be inferred that education has a substantial
influence on health and educational status of the respondents.
4.21.4. ANOVA Type of Marriage
ANOVA test has been computed on type of marriage and personal variables and the
results are presented in the Table 4.127.
Table 4.127: Mean, S.D and F-value: ANOVA: Type of Marriage Wise Difference

Variable Type of Marriage N Mean SD F p-value Sig

Relatives 234 35.910 6.869

Outside 161 36.030 6.151
Social Status 5.980 0.003 **
Love Marriage 5 46.200 6.834
Total 400 36.090 6.671
Relatives 234 32.740 6.744
Outside 161 32.470 6.264
Economical Status 8.213 0.000 **
Love Marriage 5 44.600 9.839
Total 400 32.780 6.712
Relatives 234 35.790 6.202
Outside 161 35.240 5.858
Political Status 6.222 0.002 **
Love Marriage 5 45.000 11.180
Total 400 35.680 6.217
Relatives 234 41.180 6.883
Outside 161 41.970 5.662
Educational Status 2.964 0.053 *
Love Marriage 5 47.600 5.367
Total 400 41.580 6.436
Relatives 234 40.530 6.294
Outside 161 40.910 5.802
Health Status 3.764 0.024 *
Love Marriage 5 48.000 3.937
Total 400 40.770 6.122
Relatives 234 186.140 28.427
Outside 161 186.610 24.519
Total 6.880 0.001 **
Love Marriage 5 231.400 37.119
Total 400 186.900 27.422

Table-4.127 indicates that the F-value is highly significant between type marriage and
social, economic, political status and total variables at 1% level of significance. It can be
inferred that there is a strong association between type of marriage and all these variables. It
is concluded that type of marriage has lots of influence on these personal variables of the
respondents. On the contrary, the F-value is significant at 5% level on educational and health
status. It can be inferred that type of marriage has a substantial influence on educational and
health status of the respondents.

4.21.5. ANOVA on Marital Status and Personal Variables

ANOVA test has been computed on income and personal variables and the results are
presented in the Table 4.128.
Table 4.128: Mean, S.D and F-value: ANOVA: Marital Status Wise Difference
Variable Marital Status N Mean SD F p-value Sig
Married 340 35.770 6.509
Unmarried 16 37.750 7.767
Social Status Widow 30 37.600 7.262 1.753 0.156 NS
Divorcee 14 38.570 7.470
Total 400 36.090 6.671
Married 340 32.440 6.599
Unmarried 16 33.940 4.312
Economical Status Widow 30 34.700 7.539 2.143 0.094 NS
Divorcee 14 35.640 8.776
Total 400 32.780 6.712
Married 340 35.340 6.100
Unmarried 16 36.250 4.219
Political Status Widow 30 37.630 6.573 2.862 0.037 *
Divorcee 14 39.140 8.583
Total 400 35.680 6.217
Married 340 41.390 6.521
Unmarried 16 41.000 4.817
Educational Status Widow 30 42.730 6.486 1.386 0.246 NS
Divorcee 14 44.430 5.331
Total 400 41.580 6.436
 Married 340 40.550 6.079
Unmarried 16 40.440 6.207
Health Status Widow 30 41.400 6.693 2.763 0.042 *
Divorcee 14 45.210 4.353
Total 400 40.770 6.122
Married 340 185.480 26.920
Unmarried 16 189.380 21.881
Total Widow 30 194.070 30.858 2.671 0.047 *
Divorcee 14 203.000 32.378
Total 400 186.900 27.422

From Table-4.128, the F-value is highly significant between marital status and
political status, health status and total variables at 5% level of significance. It can be inferred
that there is a substantial association between marital status and political status, health status.
It is concluded that marital status has appreciable influence on political and health status of
the respondents. On the contrary, the F-value is not significant on marital status and social,
economic and educational status. It can be inferred that marital status has no influence on
social, economic and educational status of the respondents.