Lesson 2: Contemporary Art Forms and Practices from the Regions

Continuation:
Music – During the Early American Period The Music Of The Country Was Mostly Due To Influence Of The
European Until 1950s
- The Philippine Music At The Time Evolved Into Combination Of Classical, Traditional And Ethnic
Philippine Music – Evolved And Pinoy Pop Or The Filipino Pop Music Took Place
Pinoy Pop – Covers Different Forms Like Jazz, Dance Hits, Folk Songs Revival, Rock And Roll And Rap
Original Pilipino Music Or Opm – Is A Kind Of Music Purely Filipino And Is Composed Of Songs By Filipino
Composers And Singers
Alternative Music – Another Form Of Popular Music
- Example: Freddie Aguilar’s, Herbert Bartolome And Florante De Leon
Contemporary Period – Different Music Genre Like Pop, Rock, Opm, Indigenous Music, Jazz, Rap Also Rock
Bands And Pop Stars
Cultural Center Of The Philippines (Ccp) – Local Festivals
- Introduced The Bodabil Or Stage Show
- Not A Form Of Stage Play Since It Was Composed And Mainly Of Songs, Dance And Skits
Contemporary Theater
1. Psychological Realism – Deals With The Problems Of Individual
2. Social Realism – Deals With The Problems Of Individual Considering Their Society
Other Form Of Theatre Art
 Dula-Dula – Is A Short Drama Poem
- Mixed Of Musicals With Contemporary Themes, Dance Dramas, Employing Ethnic Music
And Choreography, Plays Mixing Realistic And Non-Realistic Styles And Traditional Drama Forms
Dance
Two Types Of Dances
1. Bodabil Dancing – Is A Kind Of Stage Showintroduced By The American
- Dances Like Back And Wing, Tap Dancing, Clog, Skirt Were Among Dances Performed
In The Show
2. Ballet Dance – The Huge Popularity Of Ballet Led To Birth Of Many Ballet Dancers
Folk And Social Dances – Numerous Folkloric Dance There Were Dance Groups That Developed Filipino
Adaptions Of European And American Dances Like The Valse, Rigaudon, Polka And Fandango
Fiestas And Festivals- People On The Regions Still Performs Traditional And Folk Dances Like Sinulog, Maskara
And Ati-Atihan
Architecture- Adopted The Modern Western Architectural Style While Taking Into Consideration The Physical And
Socio-Cultural Situation Of Country
Fiilpinos Who Studied In American Universities And Institutes
1. Juan Arellano
2. Carlos Barreto
3. Antonio Toledo
 These Three Filipinos Introduced Neo-Classic Style In Building Structure
 They Tend To Revive The Classical Architecture
 One Of The Structures Built During This Period Was The Metropolitan
Tsalet House – It Is A Type Of House On Stilts With A Front Porch Made Of Wood And Concrete
Marcos Era – Constructions Of Highways, Convention Center, Hospitals, Hotels And Malls
- Regional Set-Up, Regional Houses, Churches, Public Market, Business Space, Eco-Cultural Tourism
Was Introduced
- Themed Parks And Resorts Was Developed In Tourist Spots Like Palawan
 - Cultural Heritage Preservation, Heritage Towns Like Vigan, Intramuros And Dapitan
Film – Started 1897 Through The Initiative Of Foreign Businessmen (Edward Gross And Harry Brown)
- They Produced The Film About The Life Of Dr. Jose Rizal
Jose Nepomuceno – The First Filipino Who Produced A Films And Also Tagged The Father Of Philippine Movies
Four Film Studios
1. Lvn
2. Sampaguita
3. Lebran
4. Premiere
Sex Films – Started To Enters The Movies Industry And Slaptick Comedies And Actions Movies
Marcos Era –New Directors Rose Who Started The So-Called New Cinema
1. Lino Brocka
2. Celso Ad
3. Ishmael Bernal
- The Movies Under New Cinema Revolved Around The Themes On Nationhood, Love In A Hostile
Setting And Social Issues
Lesson 3: Philippine Artists And Their Contributions To Contemporary Arts
Music Artists
1. Antonino R. Buenaventura - Vigorously Pursued A Musical Career That Spanned Seven Decades
Of Unwavering Commitment To Advancing The Frontiers Of Philippine Music.
- He Composed Songs, Compositions, For Solo Instruments As Well As Symphonic And
Orchestral Works Based On The Folksongs Of Various Philippine Ethnic Groups.
- He Was Also A Conductor And Restored The Philippine Army Band To Its Former Prestige As
One Of The Finest Military Bands In The World Making It “The Only Band That Can Sound
Like A Symphony Orchestra”.
2. Jose Maceda – A Filipino Composer And Ethnomusicologist
- He Is Composer, Musicologist, Teacher And Performer, Explored Themusicality Of The
Filipino Deeply
- Embarked On A Life-Long Dedication To The Understanding And Popularization Of Filipino
Traditional Music
- His Major Works Include Ugma-Ugma, Pagsamba, Udlo-Udlot, Kubing And Agungan
3. Lucrecia R. Kasilag – Music Was Introduced To Her At An Early Age By Her Mother
- Was Known For Incorporating Indigenous Filipino Music With Western Influences
- She Is Not Only A Composer But Also A Teacher And Performing Artist
- She Was Named National Artist In Music
- She Has Over 250 Compositions And A Leader In Music Education
- She Is Considered The First Lady Of Philippine Music
4. Ernani J. Cuenco - Was A Filipino Composer, Film Scorer, Musical Director And Music Teacher
And Philippine National Artist For Music.
- He Wrote An Outstanding And Memorable Body Of Works That Resonate With The Filipino
Sense Of Musicality And Which Embody An Ingenious Voice That Raises The Aesthetic
Dimensions Of Contemporary Filipino Music.
- He Played With The Filipino Youth Symphony Orchestra And The Manila Symphony
Orchestra From 1960 To 1968, And The Manila Chamber Soloists From 1966 To 1970.
- He Completed A Music Degree In Piano And Cello From The University Of Santo Tomas
Where He Also Taught For Decades Until His Death In 1988.
- He Was Proclaimed National Artist For Music In 1999;
- He Was An Award-Winning Film Scorer In The Early 1960s, Working In Collaboration With
National Artist For Music Levi Celerio. He Was Also A Teacher And A Seasoned Orchestra
Player.
- His Songwriting Credits Include "Nahan, Kahit Na Magtiis," And "Diligin Mo Ng Hamog Ang
Uhaw Na Lupa," "Pilipinas," "Inang Bayan," "Isang Dalangin," "Kalesa," "Bato Sa Buhangin"
And "Gaano Ko Ikaw Kamahal."
5. Lucio San Pedro - Was A Great Filipino Composer, Conductor And Teacher.
- He Is Popular For His Contributions To The Field Of Philippine Music Such As The Lullaby, Sa
Ugoy Ng Duyana, Made With Another National Artist For Music, Levi Celerio, And The
Symphonic Poem A Lahing Kayumanggia.
- He Composed Many Different Types Of Music Including Symphonic, Band, Vocal, Choral,
Theater, Chamber And Movie, All Which Boasts Filipino Pride And Soul.
- His Popular Works Include Orchestral Music The Devil’s Bridge, A Malakas At Maganda
Overture, A Prelude And Fugue In D Minor And Hope And Ambition; Choral Music Easter
Cantata, A Sa Mahal Kong Bayan And Rizal’s Valedictory Poem; Vocal Music A Lulay, In The
Silence Of The Night; And Band Music Dance Of The Fairies, A Triumphal March And
Angononian March.
 6. Antonio J.Molina - The Late National Artist In Music Antonio J. Molina, Known As The “Dean Of
Filipino Composers,” Was Born In Quiapo, Manila, On Dec. 26, 1894.
- He Wrote Over 500 Musical Compositions, Including “Hatinggabi” And “Awit Ni Maria
Clara,” And Taught Some Of The Country’s Musical Icons Like Lucresia Kasilag And Felipe De
Leon.
7. Francisco Feliciano - He Is Considered One Of The Philippines’ Most Important Composers And
Was One Of Asia’s Leading Composers In Liturgical Music.
- His Lifetime Conscientiousness In Bringing Out The “Asianness” In His Music, Whether As A
Composer, Conductor, Or Educator, Contributed To Bringing The Awareness Of People All
Over The World To View The Asian Culture As A Rich Source Of Inspiration And A
Celebration Of Our Ethnicity, Particularly The Philippines.
- He Brought Out The Unique Sounds Of Our Indigenous Music In Compositions That Have
High Technical Demands Equal To The Compositions Of Masters In The Western World.
- By His Numerous Creative Outputs, He Has Elevated The Filipino Artistry Into One That Is
Highly Esteemed By The People All Over The World.
8. Levi Celerio - Is A Filipino Composer And Lyricist, Born On April 30, 1910 In Tondo, Manila,
Philippines.
- He Received A Free Education To The Academy Of Music In Manila And Became The
Youngest Affiliate Of The Manila Symphony Orchestra.
- He Was Awarded As National Artist Of The Philippines For Music In 1997.
- He Is Probably Best Recognized For Being A Leaf-Player, An Achievement Where He Was
Place Into The Guinness Book Of World Records.
- The Song Or Lyrics Of Levi's Christmas Songs Namely Pasko Na Naman, Ang Pasko Ay
Sumapit, And Misa De Gallo.
Dance Artists
1. Francisca Reyes Aquino – vigorously researched on the different folk dances of the Philippines
which made her the “Folk Dance Pioneer of the country”.
- Her researched entitled “Philippine Dances and Games” contains the country’s unrecorded
celebrations , folk dances, rituals and games
- She published many books regarding Philippine Dances like the Fundamental Dance Steps
and Music, Gymnastic for Girls, and Philippine National Dances
2. Ramon Obusan - promoted the Philippine Ethnic dances and performed them with respect and
authenticity
- He researched on the different Philippine ethnic groups throughout the country to perfectly
perform their dances
- Some of his full-length presentations are Kayaw ’68, Kayaw ’74, Vamos a Belen! Series, Noon
po sa amin and Kasaysayan ng Lahi
3. Alice Reyes – major and most significant contribution in the Philippine dance is the development
of unique Filipino modern dance idiom
- She creatively interweaved Philippine ethnic dance, modern dance and ballet producing a
one of a kind contemporary dance routine
- She popularized contemporary dance in the Philippines through her concerts, tours,
outreach works and lecture-demonstrations in schools
- Some of her major works are Amada, Tale of the Manuyu, Bayanihan Remembered
4. Leonor Orosa Goquingco – also known as the “Trailblazer”, Mothern of the Philippine Theater
Dance and Dean of Filipino Performing Arts Critics, significantly contributed to the progress of
the Philippine dance by developing distinct productions using balletic folkloric and Asian styles
Theater Artists
1. Daisy Avellana – was the so-called First Lady of the Philippine Theater because of her
magnificent performances in classic Filipino and International theatre productions and plays
- Some of the productions she significantly became part of were Othello, Macbeth in Black,
Tatarin, Potrait of the Artist as Filipino, Diego Silang
- She also popularized the Philippine theatre and dramatic arts.
- They utilize the radio and television to make theatre and dramatic arts are known to the
Filipinos.
2. Rolando Tinio – was an outstanding stage director, poet, thespian, and playwright known for his
numerous remarkable productions and notable scripts.
- Some of his works include film scripts for Now and Forever, Gamitin Mo Ako and Milagros
- He is also a National Artist for Literature aside from Theater
3. Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero – being a theatre teacher and artist, has mentored and trained many
performing artists
- He also introduced and popularized Philippine theatre to different parts of the country
- His major works include Wanted: A Chaperon, Condemned, Perhaps and In Unity
4. Honorata “Atang” dela Rama – started her theatrical career in an early age
- Hailed as the Queen of Kundiman
- She performed Kundiman and Filipino songs for indigenous communities all over the
country
- The songs she popularized are Pakiusap, Ay Kalisud, Madaling Araw and Kung Iibig Ka
5. Salvador F. Bernal – was an exceptional theatre designer who design hundreds of theatre
productions
- He used local materials in producing creative and unique sets and costumes
- He was also a professor at the University of the Philippines Diliman and Ateneo De Manila
University
6. Severino Montano – Hailed as the Titan of the Philippine Theater
- He was a top-caliber, playwright, theatre artist and director
- He became the dean of the Philippine Normal College where he founded the Arena Theater
in 1953
Visual Artists
1. Hernando Ocampo – is one of the Thirteen Moderns, who pavedthe way to art modernism in
the Philippines
- It was his abstract painting that significantly contributed to the Philippine modern art
- He developed a new style of abstraction through his use of fierce and striking colors
- His major artworks were Genesis, Calvary, Slum Dwellers and Nude with Cradle and Flower
2. Abdul Asia Imao – is a visual artist from Sulu, who articulated the Muslim culture and art in the
country
- He promoted and preserved the Philippine indigenous art through the use of ethnic themes
like the ukkil, sarimanok, and naga
- His artworks include murals like the Industry Brass Mural of the Philippine National Bank,
Industrial Mural of the Central Bank of the Philippine
3. Arturo Luz – is an abstractionist known for his minimalist paintings and sculptures
- He then enrolled at the University of Sto. Tomas and took up Fine Arts
- He also studied abroad, in US and Europe to improved his skills in art making
- His major painting pieces include Procession, Bagong Taaon, Vendedor de Flores and
Skipping Rope
4. Napoleon Abueva – is the Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture, who made use of wide range
of materials in his works like different types of hardwood, stones and metals
- He was also the sculptor who started the trend in mixing different materials like metal and
stone in making sculptures
- Among his notable works are Nine Muses, Kaganapan and Stations of the Cross
5. Jeremias Elizalde Navarro – popularly known as J. Elizalde Navarro was a painter and a sculptor
- He created both abstract and figure paintings using oil and watercolour
- As a sculptor his popular work for his masks, carved in hardwood with combined features of
human and animal
- He was aslo known for his assemblages wherein he combined metals and found materials to
create stunning work of art
- Among his remarkable works are I’m Sorry Jesus I Can’t Attend the Mass, Grand Prix:
Homage to Dodgie Laurel and A Flying Contraption for Mr. Icarus
6. Victorio Edades – is the Father of Modern Philippine Painting
- He was one of the Triumvirate who introduced modernism in the Philippine Visual Art
- Depicted in his works were the hardships in the life of the laborers and the lower class in the
society
- The Sketch, Japanese Girl, Mother and Daughter and The Wrestler