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QUALITY ENRICHMENT PROGRAMME: TARGET 2018

Under the Guidance of M K YADAV

COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM (SELECTIVE NOTES)

1.1 PLANNING COMMISSION: AN OUTDATED INSTITUTION

 Emerged as super cabinet with no accountability to Parliament.
 Viewed by states as a Central government tool to invade state list through Centrally Sponsored
Schemes  encroachment on states’ executive, administrative and financial domain.
 Engaged in micromanagement of states’ developmental programmes
 Exercised “Power of purse” ie. Financial power to carry out conditional transfers of funds to states 
an instrument of ‘political arm twisting’
 Centralised planning divorced from ground realities for eg. criticism over poverty estimation
 Failure to ensure implementation of 5 year plans – huge gap between targets vs actual
 Irrelevance of Plan vs Non Plan expenditure distinction, and hence of Planning Commission itself.
 No representation of states in Planning Commission. National Development Council (NDC) was too big
for meaningful states’ participation, with plans being passed as a matter of formality due to time
constraint (NDC met once an year)

1.2 MERITS OF NITI AAYOG OVER PLANNING COMMISSION

 Strengthens Cooperative Federalism  Team India Hub (“Strong States make a strong nation”)
- Establishes institutional arrangements for greater representation of States and UTs through NITI
Aayog’s Governing Council, the highest decision making body on all national policies
- Provides platform for “continuous interaction” with the state governments. States’ role not just
limited to NDC and annual meets. For eg. Sub group of Chief Ministers on Swachh Bharat, Skill
Development, and Centrally sponsored schemes
- Empowering states through Decentralization
 Committed to an administration paradigm in which the Government is an “enabler” rather
than a “provider of first and last resort”
 Moving from centralised planning to participative grass root level planning aiming at bottom
up approach  village level to higher up
 No financial powers, removing a significant grievance of state government who viewed
erstwhile PC as a super cabinet infringing on state list through CSS
 States free to plan their expenditure based on own priorities and to change CSS.
 Focus on resolving contentious issues through negotiation and persuasion, rather than
prescription  from command and control to collaborative approach
 Vibrant Knowledge & Innovation Hub
- Established as a premier ‘think-tank’ that will provide Centre and state Governments with relevant
strategic and technical advice on key policy issues.
- It will create a knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial support system through a collaborative
community of national and international experts, practitioners and partners
 Facilitates Coordination - Offers a platform for resolution of inter-sectoral, inter ministerial, and inter-
departmental, and inter governmental issues in order to accelerate the implementation of the
development agenda.

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QUALITY ENRICHMENT PROGRAMME: TARGET 2018

Under the Guidance of M K YADAV

 Active Monitoring & evaluation of schemes - and suggesting measures to improve efficiency.
 Capacity building & technology upgradation - for implementation of programmes and initiatives

1.3 ACHIEVEMENTS OF NITI AAYOG – 3 YEAR REPORT CARD

 NITI in the Budget
- NITI to recommend Farm MSP Model, a fool-proof mechanism for farmers to get adequate price
for their produce (in consultations with states)
- It will initiate a national program to direct our efforts in the area of artificial intelligence
 Cooperative Federalism
- Sub-groups of Chief Ministers on critical subjects - Centrally sponsored schemes, Skill
development, Swachh Bharat, Promotion of Digital Payments
- National consultations with Chief Secretaries of all states and Finance secretaries
- Programme to transform 115 Aspirational Districts by engaging with DMs and Prabhari officers of
115 districts across the country
- Representations made to NITI by groups of Secretaries, creating cross ministry interactions and
collaborations
 Competitive Federalism
- Introduction of Digital Transformation Index and Innovation Index for ranking states
- Launch of the Health Index, which is to become an annual exercise across the country evaluating
health outcomes.
- Organized extensive workshops for consultation with States and UTs on indices
- Sustainable Action for Transforming Human Capital (SATH): handholding for states to develop key
indicators across areas of health and education
- School Education Quality Index (SEQI), Composite Water Management Index
 Mobilizing expertise as a ‘think-tank’, through ambitious recommendations & dynamic initiatives
- Policies & Strategies -National Energy Policy, National Nutrition Strategy, National Medical
Strategy, Three Year National Action Agenda etc
- Legislations - National Medical Council Bill, Model Land Leasing Bill etc
- Inclusive growth – Framing roadmap for revitalizing Indian agriculture and doubling farmer’s
income, guidelines for devolution of dedicated funds for SC/ST community, Development support
to the North East through North East Industrial Development Scheme (NEIDS) 2017, etc
- Others - Employment task force, Appraisal of the 12th Five Year Plan, Evolving policy on shared
and connected mobility, Holistic development of Islands, Recommendations on strategic
disinvestment of CPSEs
 Catalysing Reforms In Agriculture - Model Land Leasing Law, Reforms of the Agricultural Produce
Marketing Committee Act, Agricultural Marketing and Farmer Friendly Reforms Index etc
 Sustainable Development Goals
- As nodal body for monitoring implementation of SDGs, KPI created by NITI Aayog to assess
progress of states
- Draft mapping of goals with measurable indicators
 Outcome based evaluation and monitoring across 15 key sectors of the economy - Extensive data-
based, performance evaluation of states through DMEO dashboard and progress tracker
 Knowledge And Innovation Hub - Atal Innovation Mission, Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs), Atal Incubation
Centres (AICs)

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QUALITY ENRICHMENT PROGRAMME: TARGET 2018

Under the Guidance of M K YADAV

 Adoption of Frontier Technologies

- Digital Payments Movement - action plan on advocacy, awareness and co-ordination among
stakeholders, launching schemes (Lucky Grahak Yojana, Digi Dhan Vyapar Yojana, Less-cash
Townships Scheme etc), Digi Dhan Melas etc
- Technologies in Governance - working on a position paper on blockchain technology, Artificial
Intelligence and its applications in governance
- Other New Initiatives – Drafting roadmap for the implementation of Methanol Economy,
Roadmap for “Make in India” in body armour, Report on shared, connected and clean mobility
solutions
 Partnerships With National And International Organisations & Promoting Stakeholder Consultation -
‘SAMAVESH’, NITI Lecture Series on Transforming India, Champions of Change, Global
Entrepreneurship Summit 2017

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