CHEMISTRY 1

Lecture 1: Matter and Its

Properties

Brigette Yongco-Orog and Mark Anthony Lavapiez

Faculty, Chemistry Division
College of Arts and Sciences
Caraga State University

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LEARNING OUTCOMES:
• Discuss the particulate nature of matter.
• Differentiate the three phases of matter
macroscopically and microscopically.
• Classify matter according to its composition.
• Distinguish between physical and chemical
properties of matter.
• Relate the composition of a substance to its
properties

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 What’s the
matter?

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 • The physical material of the universe
• It is anything that has mass and occupies
space

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 States of Matter

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Classifying matter according to
composition

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- study of MATTER and its changes; also
known as the “central science”
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Properties of Solid, Liquid and Gas
Property Solid Liquid Gas
Compressibility Negligible Low Highly
compressibility compressibility compressible

Volume Definite volume; Definite volume; Indefinite volume;

no change in no change in occupies the entire
volume even upon volume even upon volume of the
transfer to a bigger transfer to a bigger container
container container
Shape Definite shape; Indefinite shape; Indefinite shape;
maintains shape takes the shape of takes the shape of
even upon transfer the portion of the the container
to another container it
container occupies

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Classification according to state

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Classification according to coomposition

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Classifying matter according to
composition

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Element
- composed of only one type of atom

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Compound
- composed of two or more elements

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Homogeneous mixture
- composed of two or more pure
substances with uniform appearance

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Heterogeneous mixture
- composed of two or more pure substances
but with non-uniform appearance

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Properties of Matter
Physical Properties Some properties can be readily measured
with our senses, e.g. odor and color, instruments are needed to
measure other properties, such as electrical resistivity ,
hardness, melting point, boiling point, density, mass, volume,
etc.
Chemical Properties Describe the reactivity of a substance
towards other substances. Examples include:
Ethanol burns in air (reacts with oxygen in the air)
Sodium reacts vigorously with water,
Corrosion of metal parts (rust),
Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is explosive

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Physical properties could be:
Intensive Properties
□ Independent of the amount of the substance
that is present.
Density, boiling point, color, etc.
Extensive Properties
□ Dependent upon the amount of the substance
present.
Mass, volume, energy, etc.
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 Real-life Applications

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 -END-
Thank you!

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