2019 Utility

Solar Market
Snapshot
JUNE 2019
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................................................................5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...................................................................................................................................................6
§§ National Market......................................................................................................................................................6
§§ Industry Trends ......................................................................................................................................................6
§§ Flexible Solar............................................................................................................................................................6
SEPA’S SOLAR TOP 10 UTILITY RANKINGS.............................................................................................................7
NATIONAL SOLAR MARKET.........................................................................................................................................8
RESIDENTIAL SOLAR MARKET....................................................................................................................................9
§§ Markets Driving Residential Solar................................................................................................................. 10
NON-RESIDENTIAL SOLAR MARKET...................................................................................................................... 11
§§ Corporate Renewables on the Rise.............................................................................................................. 12
UTILITY-SUPPLY SOLAR MARKET............................................................................................................................ 13
UTILITY-SUPPLY SOLAR SHINES IN NEW MARKETS......................................................................................... 14
§§ State Spotlight: The Sunshine State.............................................................................................................. 15
SOLAR MARKETS BY UTILITY TYPE ........................................................................................................................ 16
§§ Investor-Owned Utilities................................................................................................................................... 17
§§ Cooperative Utilities........................................................................................................................................... 18
§§ Public Power Utilities......................................................................................................................................... 19
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 2
SOLAR CUSTOMER PROGRAMS............................................................................................................................. 20
COMMUNITY SOLAR POLICIES................................................................................................................................ 21
§§ Encouraging Low-Income Customer Participation................................................................................. 21
PURPA IMPLEMENTATION RULES......................................................................................................................... 22
NET METERING SUCCESSOR TARIFFS................................................................................................................... 23
FLEXIBLE SOLAR........................................................................................................................................................... 24
§§ Advanced Inverter Functionality.................................................................................................................... 25
§§ Smart Contracts and Programs..................................................................................................................... 26
§§ Solar Plus Storage............................................................................................................................................... 27
APPENDIX A: 2018 SOLAR CAPACITY BY STATE AND SELECT TERRITORIES (MW-AC)......................... 28
APPENDIX B: TOP 10................................................................................................................................................... 29
APPENDIX C: SURVEY PARTICIPANTS.................................................................................................................... 31
§§ Federal/Generation & Transmission Utilities............................................................................................ 31
§§ Distribution Utilities............................................................................................................................................ 31
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY (MW-AC)............................................................7
TABLE 2: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR W/C-AC...................................................................................7
TABLE 3: ANNUAL RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DEPLOYMENT BY DEPLOYMENT TYPE (MW-AC) .................9
TABLE 4: ANNUAL NON-RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DEPLOYMENT BY DEPLOYMENT TYPE (MW-AC)..... 11
TABLE 5: ANNUAL UTILITY-SUPPLY SOLAR DEPLOYMENT BY DEPLOYMENT TYPE (MW-AC).......... 13
TABLE 6: LOW-INCOME COMMUNITY SOLAR PROVISIONS......................................................................... 21
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1: 2018 ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY (MW-AC)........................................................................................6
FIGURE 2: 2008-2018 ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY ADDED BY SECTOR (MW-AC)......................................8
FIGURE 3: 2018 ANNUAL RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC)............................................................................9
FIGURE 4: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC)..........................................9
FIGURE 5: 2015 - 2018 RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER ACCOUNT SOLAR PENETRATION........................... 10
FIGURE 6: 2018 ANNUAL NON-RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC)............................................................. 11
FIGURE 7: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE NON-RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC)............................ 11
FIGURE 8: 2018 ANNUAL UTILITY-SUPPLY CAPACITY (MW-AC)................................................................... 13
FIGURE 9: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE UTILITY-SUPPLY CAPACITY (MW-AC) ................................ 13
FIGURE 10: NEW UTILITY-SUPPLY MARKETS BY CAPACITY (MW-AC)......................................................... 14
FIGURE 11: INVESTOR-OWNED ELECTRIC UTILITIES: APPROXIMATE
SERVICE TERRITORIES................................................................................................................................................ 15
FIGURE 12: 2015-2018 ANNUAL CAPACITY BREAKDOWN............................................................................ 16
FIGURE 13: 2018 ANNUAL IOU CAPACITY (MW-AC)........................................................................................ 17
FIGURE 14: 2015-2018 ANNUAL IOU CAPACITY BY SECTOR........................................................................ 17
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 3
TABLE 7: SOLAR CAPACITY BY STATE AND TERRITORY.................................................................................. 28
TABLE 8: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY (MW-AC)......................................................... 29
TABLE 9: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR W/C-AC................................................................................ 29
TABLE 10: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE SOLAR CAPACITY (MW).......................................................... 30
TABLE 11: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE W/C......................................................................................... 30
FIGURE 15: 2018 ANNUAL COOPERATIVE CAPACITY (MW-AC).................................................................... 18
FIGURE 16: 2015-2018 ANNUAL COOPERATIVE CAPACITY BY SECTOR................................................... 18
FIGURE 17: 2018 ANNUAL PUBLIC POWER CAPACITY (MW-AC) ................................................................ 19
FIGURE 18: 2015-2018 ANNUAL PUBLIC POWER CAPACITY BY SECTOR................................................. 19
FIGURE 19: 2018 UTILITY RESIDENTIAL VS. NON-RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER
PROGRAM COMPARISON......................................................................................................................................... 20
FIGURE 20: STATE COMMUNITY SOLAR POLICIES........................................................................................... 21
FIGURE 21: STATES CONSIDERING CHANGES TO PURPA IMPLEMENTATION....................................... 22
FIGURE 22: 2018 CUMULATIVE CAPACITY (MW-AC)........................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 23: 2018 UTILITY INTEREST IN ADVANCED INVERTER FUNCTIONALITIES............................... 25
FIGURE 24: POTENTIAL ANCILLARY SERVICES CREATED BY RENEWABLE
DISPATCHABLE GENERATION................................................................................................................................. 26
FIGURE 25: 2018 UTILITY RESIDENTIAL VS. NON-RESIDENTIAL SOLAR+STORAGE
TRENDS COMPARISON.............................................................................................................................................. 27
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABOUT SEPA

Special thanks to the following SEPA staff members for their contributions to the data
collection, development and review of this report: Jarad Asselin, Medha Surampudy,
Brenda Chew, Tom Bishop, Brad Benton, Kate Strickland, Greg Merritt,
Jordan Nachbar, and Jen Szaro.
SEPA would like to thank our partners: Autumn Proudlove and her team at North
Carolina Clean Energy Technology Center for their solar policy insights, Energy Acuity,
Jeff Pratt at Green Power EMC, Erin Puryear at Old Dominion Electric Cooperative,
Scott Hammond and Mark Svrcek at Central Electric Power Cooperative, Inc.,
Josh Cisney at Hoosier Energy, Joel Danforth at Platte River Power Authority,
LouAnn Rone at Northern Indiana Public Service Company, Eric Kostecki at WPPI
Energy, Ted Hilmes at KAMO Power, Ann Beckwith at Florida Municipal Power
Agency, Erin Miller at American Municipal Power, Michael Clavin at
Tennessee Valley Authority, and Alice Clamp for her review.
AUTHORS
Nick Esch, Research Manager
Mac Keller, Research Associate
Josh Blockstein, Research Assistant
Trevor Gibson, Research Assistant
The Smart Electric Power Alliance (SEPA) is an educational nonprofit that works to
facilitate the electric power industry’s smart transition to a clean and modern energy
future through education, research, standards and collaboration. SEPA offers a range
of research initiatives and resources, as well as conferences, educational events,
advisory services, and professional networking opportunities. To learn more and
discover our pathways, visit www.sepapower.org.
COPYRIGHT
© Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. All rights reserved. This material may not be
published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission.
DISCLAIMER
As some information may be unintentionally missing, SEPA advises readers to
perform necessary due diligence before making decisions using the report’s content.
Please contact SEPA at research@sepapower.org for additional information.

SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 4

2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Background
The Smart Electric Power Alliance (SEPA) began surveying electric utilities annually SEPA reports solar data in AC format as it is a more accurate accounting of the
in 2007 to track the capacity of interconnected solar power. The yearly survey and amount of solar that is interconnected to the grid. At times, SEPA collected data
subsequent Snapshot reports provide critical insights into the U.S. solar market, is submitted as raw data in direct current (DC). In those cases SEPA derates3 the
with a particular focus on utility-scale development. capacity to AC format to track the actual solar capacity injected to the grid.
The 2019 Utility Solar Market Snapshot results are based on data reported from For purposes of analysis, SEPA has aggregated or supplemented survey data with
participating utilities. The participating utilities represent slightly more than additional information to fine tune accuracy. These sources include cumulative
108 million customer accounts, or approximately 74% of all customer accounts net metering data from Form 861 and 861M from the U.S. Energy Information
throughout the United States and 71% of all MWhs sold in 2018.1 Administration (EIA), solar project level data from EIA’s Form 860 and 860M, and
information from our data provider Energy Acuity. SEPA has verified the accuracy of
SURVEY METHODOLOGY AND SCOPE survey information through contacts at utilities, previous data submissions, and
SEPA conducted its annual Utility Survey between January and March 2019, using an external sources.
online survey platform. More than 500 participating utilities2 throughout the United
States and its territories provided data on solar installations either interconnected
to their systems or procured under power purchase agreements (PPAs) between
January 1 and December 31, 2018.
SEPA encouraged participation through direct outreach to key contacts at utilities,
and through partner organizations’ listservs and newsletters. Utilities with service
territories in multiple states reported data from each state separately.
Unless explicitly stated, all solar data in this document is reported in watts (W),
kilowatts (kW), megawatts (MW), and gigawatts (GW) of alternating current (AC).

1 Figures derived from EIA Form 861.

2 See Appendix A for a full list of utility participants. Results in this section of the report are limited to the survey context, and should not be misinterpreted.
3 Residential and Non-Residential solar capacity is derated at 80 and 82%, respectively. SEPA’s utility-supply solar capacity is only collected in AC format.

SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 5

2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Executive Summary NATIONAL MARKET

nnIn 2018, the solar market continued strong growth adding 7.3 GW of
interconnection capacity, a 20.1% growth in total capacity over 2017 bringing
FIGURE 1: 2018 ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY (MW-AC)
the cumulative solar total to 49.7 GW (see page 8). Notably, new state markets
demonstrated sizeable growth (see page 14) even as some established markets
contracted compared with 2017 resulting in an overall 2.2% increase in growth.
nnNationally, the utility-supply solar market was the highlight with 15.1% growth.
Residential and non-residential markets experienced year-over-year growth rates
MEGAWATTS of -6.3%, and -18.2%, respectively (see pages 9, 11 and 13).
2,000+
300-999.9 INDUSTRY TRENDS
100-299.9
nnUtilities are most interested in encouraging customer solar adoption through
50-99.9
incentives, community solar, green tariffs and trusted energy advisor approaches
10-49.9
(see page 20).
0.5-9.9
nn20 states and the District of Columbia have community solar policies in place
0
(see page 20) and utilities have indicated a strong preference for utility-managed
programs over third-party managed programs. (see page 21).
nnState level policies for solar compensation are evolving—most notably PURPA
implementation rules (see page 22) and net metering successor tariffs (see page 23).

FLEXIBLE SOLAR
ALASKA HAWAII DISTRICT OF AMERICAN GUAM PUERTO RICO &
COLUMBIA SAMOA U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS nnSolar has established itself as a mainstream generation technology, and grid
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 operators are beginning to tap into expanded capabilities. Solar can be operated
as a flexible resource through three approaches: Advanced Inverter Functionality,
Smart Contracts, and Solar Plus Storage (see pages 24 - 27).
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 6
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

SEPA’s Solar Top 10 Utility Rankings

Each year, SEPA recognizes the U.S. utilities that interconnected the most new solar capacity in their service territories. SEPA tracks two types of capacity metrics: overall
solar capacity in megawatts (MW), and solar watts per customer account (W/C), which only considers utilities with at least 500 customer accounts. See Appendix B for Top 10
rankings—MW and W/C—based on cumulative solar capacity. Complete detailed rankings from SEPA’s 2019 Solar + Storage Utility Benchmarking Report are available to utility
survey participants by contacting research@sepapower.org.

TABLE 1: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY (MW-AC) TABLE 2: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR W/C-AC

1 PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC California 630.0 1 REEDY CREEK IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT Florida 35,936.4

2 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY Florida 626.8 2 GEORGETOWN UTILITY SYSTEMS Texas 6,048.7

3 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON California 440.7 3 VILLAGE ELECTRIC UTILITY - BREWSTER Ohio 1,980.9

4 DUKE ENERGY PROGRESS North Carolina 436.3 4 DOMINION ENERGY NORTH CAROLINA North Carolina 1,768.2

5 NORTHERN STATES POWER MINNESOTA (XCEL) Minnesota 269.4 5 BOLIVAR ENERGY AUTHORITY Tennessee 1,482.8

6 DOMINION ENERGY NORTH CAROLINA North Carolina 213.1 6 MIDDLETON ELECTRIC LIGHT DEPARTMENT Massachusetts 1,358.9

7 AUSTIN ENERGY Texas 192.9 7 CHICKASAW ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, INC. Tennessee 829.1

8 SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC California 185.3 8 KAUA'I ISLAND UTILITY COOPERATIVE Hawaii 637.9

9 TAMPA ELECTRIC COMPANY Florida 155.1 9 DENTON MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC Texas 595.3

10 GEORGETOWN UTILITY SYSTEMS Texas 154.0 10 PACIFICORP Wyoming 570.2

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019.

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 7
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

National Solar Market

In 2018, there were 7.3 GW of added solar capacity, a 2.2% increase from 2017,
FIGURE 2: 2008-2018 ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY ADDED BY SECTOR (MW-AC) bringing the cumulative total to 49.7 GW. While it appears that the market remained
steady, it is important to note that both 2016 and 2017 were years where the market
10,000
experienced “reactionary growth”—which stems from the rush to deploy projects
before the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) was set to sunset by the end of 2016. Many
of those projects were developed in 2016, but their operational date was delayed
8,000 until 2017 after the ITC was extended at the end of 2016. In short, the national solar
market remains sound as solar PV remains competitive—despite minor cost impacts
from the solar panel and steel tariffs of 2018. In fact, the
market saw a geographical expansion beyond the traditional powerhouse markets
6,000 (e.g., California and North Carolina), with Florida, Washington, and Rhode Island
seeing year-over-year growth rates of 311.9%, 150.2% and 344.1%, respectively.
Residential—Overall the market growth rate declined by 5.7% in 2018 with
4,000
1,891.7 MW interconnected nationally. California continues to account for the
majority of deployment, but strong growth in Florida, North Carolina and Virginia
points to the emergence of new residential markets.
Non-Residential—Overall the market growth rate declined by 17.9% in 2018 with
2,000 just 1,255.4 MW interconnected nationally. In addition to established nonresidential
markets in California and Massachusetts (which collectively added 660.3 MW in
2018), new markets emerged with Rhode Island adding 99.1 MW and seeing an
annual growth rate of 597.9%.
0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Utility Supply—Overall the market growth rate increased by 15.1% in 2018, with
RESIDENTIAL NON-RESIDENTIAL UTILITY-SUPPLY
4,174.3 MW interconnected nationally. The utility-supply markets of Florida, Texas
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
and Minnesota showed robust growth in 2018.
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 8
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Residential Solar Market

FIGURE 3: 2018 ANNUAL RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC) TABLE 3: ANNUAL RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DEPLOYMENT BY DEPLOYMENT TYPE (MW-AC)

2015 CAPACITY 2016 CAPACITY 2017 CAPACITY 2018 CAPACITY

MEGAWATTS
AMERICAN 800+ NET METERED 1,889.0 2,268.4 1,942.6 1,841.4
ALASKA SAMOA
70.1-160
SOLAR TARIFF 12.3 20.2 53.0 48.8
20-70
5.1-19.9 UTILITY OWNED 1.5 11.1 11.0 1.5
HAWAII GUAM 1.1-5
TOTAL 1,902.8 2,299.7 2,006.6 1,891.7
0.1-1
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
0
DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO &
COLUMBIA U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS 1,891.7 MW of residential capacity was added nationally in 2018, a 5.7% reduction in
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 growth rate from 2017.
nnCalifornia deployed 807.9 MW of residential solar capacity in 2018, equivalent to
FIGURE 4: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC) the next 11 states’ combined residential solar deployments. In 2018, the state’s
residential market expanded by 1.7% over 2017.
44.1% 18.5% PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON nnNevada experienced the largest year-over-year growth in added residential capacity
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC interconnected to the grid in 2018 at 62.9 MW. This increase—275.7% over 2017—
ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE
MASSACHUSETTS ELECTRIC CO
was driven by the reinstatement of net metering laws.4
PSEG LONG ISLAND nnUtilities in Arizona, New York, and New Jersey ranked in the Top 5 for residential
2.0% 13.8% HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC COMPANY
capacity added in both 2017 and 2018, but added a combined 12,566 fewer
2.1% 6.8% JERSEY CENTRAL POWER & LIGHT
2.5% 5.0% BALTIMORE GAS & ELECTRIC systems and 87.4 fewer MW in total capacity.
2.6% 2.6% OTHER UTILITIES
4 “Net metering drives rooftop solar resurgence in Nevada”. PV Magazine, 2018. https://pv-magazine-usa.com/2018/05/07/net-
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 metering-in-nevada-once-again-shown-as-solar-power-winner/
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 9
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

MARKETS DRIVING RESIDENTIAL SOLAR FIGURE 5: 2015 - 2018 RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER ACCOUNT SOLAR PENETRATION
First adopter markets have begun to mature, reaching significant levels of
penetration in some utility service territories. Given these maturing markets, 20%
emerging markets will be essential for continued market growth of the residential
sector.
In 2018, San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E), Southern California Edison (SCE), and 15
Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) deployed 740.6 MW of residential solar, representing
39.1% of all residential solar deployed in 2018. Over the last three years, these
three utilities and Arizona Public Service are the only utilities nationwide that have
interconnected more than 100 MW of residential solar energy to the grid each year. 10

California was not the only sustained residential market seen in 2018. In Hawaii,
continued residential deployment by Hawaiian Electric Company resulted in
penetrations reaching 18.9% of its residential customer accounts.
5
United Power (CO) led all cooperatives with 5.9 MW of residential solar installed in
2018, bringing its total residential solar deployed since 2015 to 15.5 MW, and reaching
residential penetration of 4.4%.
0
2015 2016 2017 2018
EMERGING RESIDENTIAL MARKETS
ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE HAWAII ELECTRIC LIGHT COMPANY HAWAIIAN ELECTRIC
nnFlorida interconnected 85.8 MW of residential solar in 2018, a 56.9% increase PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC KAUAI ISLAND UTILITY COOPERATIVE
over 2017. Since 2016, the state has interconnected 176 MW of residential solar, UNITED POWER, INC

representing 76.1% of Florida’s cumulative residential solar capacity. Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

nnNorth Carolina interconnected 20.1 MW of residential solar in 2018, a 157.4%

increase over 2017.
nnVirginia interconnected 13.6 MW of residential solar in 2018, a 73.3% increase
over 2017.
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 10
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Non-Residential Solar Market

TABLE 4: ANNUAL NON-RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DEPLOYMENT BY DEPLOYMENT TYPE
FIGURE 6: 2018 ANNUAL NON-RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC) (MW-AC)

2015 CAPACITY 2016 CAPACITY 2017 CAPACITY 2018 CAPACITY

MEGAWATTS
AMERICAN 500+ NET METERED 847.2 1,072.6 1,377.6 1,080.3
ALASKA SAMOA
50-149.9
20-49.9
SOLAR TARIFF 58.9 84.7 148.9 152.3
10-19.9 UTILITY OWNED 6.0 12.2 3.2 22.8
HAWAII GUAM 4-9.9
0.01-3.9
TOTAL 912.1 1,169.5 1,529.7 1,255.4
0 Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO &
COLUMBIA U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 1,255.4 MW of non-residential capacity was added nationally in 2018, a 17.9%
reduction in growth rate from 2017.
FIGURE 7: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE NON-RESIDENTIAL CAPACITY (MW-AC) nnCalifornia utilities interconnected 541.5 MW of non-residential solar capacity,
the highest of any state. This represents a decrease of 114.9 MW from 2017
44.3% 18.2% PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC
added totals with 279 fewer new systems deployed.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON
MASSACHUSETTS ELECTRIC CO nnUtilities in Massachusetts added 118.8 MW of non-residential solar in 2018,
PUBLIC SERVICE ELECTRIC & GAS the most of any state except California. With 979 systems deployed in 2018,
9.8%
PUGET SOUND ENERGY
THE NARRAGANSETT ELECTRIC CO. Massachusetts’ year-over-year non-residential deployment dropped by 69.9 MW.
7.7% ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE nnRhode Island utilities interconnected 99.1 MW of non-residential solar, a nearly
2.6% JERSEY CENTRAL POWER & LIGHT
2.7% 7.4% 600% increase from capacity added in 2017, the largest percentage increase of
OTHER UTILITIES
2.9% 4.4% any state.
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 11
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

CORPORATE RENEWABLES ON THE RISE

The market for commercial and industrial procurement of renewables has seen
significant growth over the past few years. In terms of both the volume of corporate
renewable energy procurement deals and the number of new market participants,
the market nearly doubled since the previous highpoint in 2015. Solar’s share of
clean energy procurements has grown to capture between 20% and 25% each year
since 2015, accounting for more than a third of procurements in 2018.5
2018 was the largest year for renewable procurements to date, with 75 companies
procuring a total of 6.5 GW of renewables, far more than the 4.5 GW added by
50 companies in 2016 and 2017 combined. Cumulatively, more than 15 GW in clean
energy procurements have been added since 2013.6

HIGHLIGHTS

In 2018, Microsoft signed a contract with sPower to purchase 315 MW of solar

energy from a 500 MW solar installation in Spotsylvania County, Virginia. This
agreement marks the single largest corporate solar energy procurement in the
United States. It is expected to be operational in 2019.7
In 2018, Facebook partnered with Walton Electric Membership Corporation in the
state of Georgia to procure over 200 MW of solar energy to power a new Facebook
data center in Newton County, Georgia. This is the largest project undertaken
between a distribution cooperative and a corporate partner to date.8

5 “State of the Market Report”. BRC, 2018. https://info.rmi.org/brcsotm2017

6 “BRC Deal Tracker”. BRC, 2019. https://businessrenewables.org/corporate-transactions/
7 “Microsoft adds 315 megawatts of new solar power in Virginia”. Microsoft News Center, 2018. https://news.microsoft.com/2018/03/21/microsoft-adds-315-megawatts-of-new-solar-power-in-virginia-in-largest-corporate-solar-agreement-in-the-united-states/
8 “Facebook and the Customer-Centric Utility”. SEPA, 2019. https://sepapower.org/knowledge/facebook-and-the-customer-centric-utility-2/
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 12
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Utility-Supply Solar Market

FIGURE 8: 2018 ANNUAL UTILITY-SUPPLY CAPACITY (MW-AC) TABLE 5: ANNUAL UTILITY-SUPPLY SOLAR DEPLOYMENT BY DEPLOYMENT TYPE (MW-AC)

2015 CAPACITY 2016 CAPACITY 2017 CAPACITY 2018 CAPACITY

MEGAWATTS
AMERICAN 700+ PPA 2,980.6 5,710.7 3,172.6 3,112.9
ALASKA SAMOA
130.1-599.9
60.1-130
MERCHANT 249.9 245.0 164.4 163.4
30.1-59.9 UTILITY OWNED 204.4 500.1 290.2 898.0
HAWAII GUAM 5.1-30
0.01-5
TOTAL 3,434.9 6,455.8 3,627.2 4,174.3
0 Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO &
COLUMBIA U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 4,174.3 MW of utility-supply capacity was added in 2018, an increase of 15.1% from
2017.
FIGURE 9: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE UTILITY-SUPPLY CAPACITY (MW-AC) nnCalifornia rebounded in 2018 deploying the most utility-supply solar with a 100.8%
increase over 2017. That stands in contrast to the 77.4% year-over-year reduction in
39.6% 18.5% SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON
PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC growth from 2016 to 2017.
DUKE ENERGY PROGRESS
nnFlorida deployed the second most utility-supply solar in 2018 at 876.2 MW, a more
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC
LOS ANGELES DEPT OF WATER AND POWER than 418.4% increase over the state’s 2017 totals.
13.3%
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY nnTexas is the only state that has seen year-over-year utility-supply solar capacity
3.0% DOMINION ENERGY NORTH CAROLINA
growth over the past 3 years.9
3.0% 8.0% PACIFICORP - UTAH
3.0% 4.6% FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT CO.
3.3% 3.7% OTHER UTILITIES
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 9 Only includes states that have experienced a minimum of 20 MW of utility-supply solar capacity interconnected each year.
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 13
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Utility-Supply Solar Shines in New Markets

Driven by the increasingly competitive economics of solar PV and rising consumer
FIGURE 10: NEW UTILITY-SUPPLY MARKETS BY CAPACITY (MW-AC) demand, the five states with more than 100 MW of cumulative utility-supply
solar experienced substantial increases in 2018.
2,000
Florida and Texas top this list with 876.2 MW and 438 MW added, respectively,
in 2018. Utilities in Florida saw a 182.1% growth in cumulative utility-supply solar
capacity. In Texas, where utility-supply solar deployment has been growing for the
1,518.4 past three years, 2018 deployments amounted to a 40.1% growth in the state’s
1,500
cumulative utility-supply solar capacity.
1,357.4
Additional states of note include Minnesota, which added 259.8 MW in
2018, representing a 49.6% growth in the state’s cumulative utility-supply solar
capacity, and South Carolina, which added 128.8 MW, a 52.6% growth in the state’s
1,000 cumulative utility-supply solar capacity. Oregon also experienced a notable jump,
783.4 876.2 with 77.2 MW added in 2018, a 61.5% growth in the state’s cumulative utility-supply
solar capacity.

500
373.9
438.0
202.7
259.8
128.8
0 77.2
OREGON SOUTH CAROLINA MINNESOTA TEXAS FLORIDA
UTILITY-SUPPLY CAPACITY ADDED IN 2018 CUMULATIVE UTILITY-SUPPLY CAPACITY

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 14
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

STATE SPOTLIGHT: THE SUNSHINE STATE FIGURE 11: INVESTOR-OWNED ELECTRIC UTILITIES: APPROXIMATE SERVICE TERRITORIES
In the state of Florida, 876.2 MW of utility-supply solar were interconnected in
2018—a more than 200% increase in Florida’s total installed utility-supply capacity
from 2017. Florida Power and Light, Tampa Electric Company and Duke Energy Florida
are all actively deploying and planning for large utility-supply solar projects
to economically meet future generation needs as a result of falling PV prices.
nnFlorida Power & Light Company interconnected 597.5 MW of utility-owned solar in
2018, with an additional 298 MW planned for interconnection in 2019. FPL expects
more than 4 GW of solar coming online by the end of 2027.10
nnTampa Electric Company interconnected 144.8 MW of utility-owned solar in 2018,
and expects to add 600 MW of utility-scale solar by 2020.11
nnDuke Energy Florida interconnected 74.9 MW of utility-owned solar in 2018 and has FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY
committed to adding 700 MW of utility-supply solar by 2023.12 TAMPA ELECTRIC COMPANY
DUKE ENERGY FLORIDA
PUBLIC POWER UTILITIES
GULF POWER COMPANY
Orlando Utilities Commission and the Florida Municipal Power Agency (FMPA) are FLORIDA PUBLIC UTILITIES CORPORATION
partnering on the construction of three 74.5 MW solar farms that will be operational
in mid-2020 and will provide cost-effective renewable energy to their customers.13

10 “Ten Year Power Plant Site Plan 2018-2027”. FPL, 2018. https://www.fpl.com/company/pdf/10-year-site-plan.pdf Source: Florida Public Service Commission
11 “Tampa Electric Company Ten Year Site Plan” .TECO, 2018. http://www.psc.state.fl.us/Files/PDF/Utilities/Electricgas/
TenYearSitePlans/2018/Tampa%20Electric%20Company.pdf
12 Duke Energy Florida LLC Ten Year Site Plan”. DEF, 2018. http://www.psc.state.fl.us/Files/PDF/Utilities/Electricgas/TenYearSitePlans/2018/Duke%20Energy%20Florida.pdf
13 “2019 Orlando Utilities Commission Ten-Year Site Plan”. OUC, 2019: 2-7. http://www.psc.state.fl.us/Files/PDF/Utilities/Electricgas/TenYearSitePlans/2019/Orlando%20Utilities%20Commission.pdf
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 15
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Solar Markets by Utility Type

Investor-owned utilities (IOUs) continued to dominate the solar market,
FIGURE 12: 2015-2018 ANNUAL CAPACITY BREAKDOWN accounting for 84.5% of solar capacity interconnected to the grid in 2018. IOUs in
California and Florida were major contributors as they interconnected 2,220 MW
10,000
and 900.3 MW of solar, respectively, in 2018.
Electric cooperatives saw a sharp decline in new capacity added in 2018 with
8,000
just 51% of 2017 additions. Electric cooperative deployment continues to be driven
by Hawaii and Texas, which together accounted for 40% of the solar capacity
deployed by cooperatives in 2018.
6,000 Public power utilities
TEXAS PUBLIC POWER LEADING THE WAY
MW-AC

continued to experience
the largest capacity growth
In Texas, public power utilities Austin Energy and
4,000 in Texas, which accounted
Georgetown Utility Systems ranked in SEPA’s Top
for 50% of municipal solar
10 list for annual solar capacity. Between the two
capacity interconnected to the
utilities, 346.9 MW were interconnected to the grid
2,000 grid in 2018.
in 2018, accounting for 68.1% of the solar capacity
added throughout the entire state.
0
2015 2016 2017 2018
INVESTOR OWNED UTILITY SUPPLY INVESTOR OWNED NON-RESIDENTIAL INVESTOR OWNED RESIDENTIAL
COOPERATIVE UTILITY SUPPLY COOPERATIVE NON-RESIDENTIAL COOPERATIVE RESIDENTIAL
MUNICIPAL UTILITY SUPPLY MUNICIPAL NON-RESIDENTIAL MUNICIPAL RESIDENTIAL

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 16
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

INVESTOR-OWNED UTILITIES
FIGURE 13: 2018 ANNUAL IOU CAPACITY (MW-AC) FIGURE 14: 2015-2018 ANNUAL IOU CAPACITY BY SECTOR

UTILITY-OWNED: 1.2 MW 8,000

SOLAR TARIFF: 35.2 MW
7,000
6,000

MEGAWATT-AC
5,000 UTILITY SUPPLY

4,000 NON-RESIDENTIAL
1, ME RESIDENTIAL
62 T E N 3,000
8. RE E T
7
M D: 2,000
W
RE 1,000
S
1, IDE :
66 N PPA 11 MW 0
5. T I
1 AL 2, 4 2015 2016 2017 2018
M :
W Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

TOTAL: CUMULATIVE CAPACITY:

IOUs accounted for 84.5% of solar capacity added
6,187.6 MW UTILIT 42,228 MW in 2018 with PG&E and SCE adding the bulk of
UTILITY-OWNED: 3,4 48 Y SUPPLY:
1.2 MW
N
-
.7 MW
that capacity at 17.3%. These two utilities account
SOLAR TARIFF:
87.3 MW
O :
N IAL
T W
nnResidential: 9,699.9 MW for 31% of the cumulative solar market.
N M
DE 3 . 8
I
S 7
RE 1,0
nnNon-Residential: 8,307.4 MW PacifiCorp in Oregon installed 77.2 MW
nnUtility Supply: 24,220.7 MW of utility-supply solar, nearly doubling its
ET
N D:
E
ER MW
utility-supply total from 2017.
ET .3
M 85
9 In 2018, PacifiCorp deployed an 80 MW project—Wyoming’s first utility-supplied
solar farm.
UTILIT Y-
OWNED:
874. 3 MW

MERCHANT POWER:
163.4 MW

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 17
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

COOPERATIVE UTILITIES
FIGURE 15: 2018 ANNUAL COOPERATIVE CAPACITY (MW-AC) FIGURE 16: 2015-2018 ANNUAL COOPERATIVE CAPACITY BY SECTOR

UTILITY-OWNED: 0.0 MW 400

SOLAR TARIFF: 1.9 MW
350
300

MEGAWATT-AC
UTILITY SUPPLY
250
NON-RESIDENTIAL
200
M RESIDENTIAL
E N 150
32 TER ET
.1 ED
M : 100
W
RE 50
SI :
DE PPA 0 MW 0
3 4 NT 4 6. 2015 2016 2017 2018
.0 I A
M L: Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
W

UPPLY:
TOTAL:
UTILIT Y S 2018 was a slow year for cooperative solar
58.0 MW CUMULATIVE CAPACITY:
127.5 MW 1,112.9 MW deployment, compared with 2017. However,
UTILITY-OWNED:
Hawaii and Texas continue to lead cooperative
2.5 MW nnResidential: 364.2 MW solar deployment in terms of capacity. In Hawaii,
35 N T I A N -
MWL:

nnNon-Residential: 238.3 MW Kauai Island Utility Cooperative (KIUC) added

E NO
.5

nnUtility Supply: 510.5 MW the largest cooperative PPA at 20 MW. In Texas,

SI D
RE

United Cooperative Services deployed a

.0 I F R

10 MW PPA in 2018. Pedernales Electric Cooperative added 10.98 MW of

24 TAR L A
M F:

U T NE W
SO

MERCHANT
W

OW.0 M

utility-supply solar, and an additional 1.59 MW of residential solar.

12

I L I D:

POWER:
TY

0.0 MW
-
NET
METERED:
9.0 MW

Elsewhere, United Power in Colorado added 1,004 residential systems, accounting

for 5.86 MW, and Southern Maryland Electric Cooperative (SMECO) added 557
residential systems, totalling 4.8 MW.
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 18
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

PUBLIC POWER UTILITIES

FIGURE 17: 2018 ANNUAL PUBLIC POWER CAPACITY (MW-AC) FIGURE 18: 2015-2018 ANNUAL PUBLIC POWER CAPACITY BY SECTOR

UTILITY-OWNED: 2,000
1.2 MW

35.2 MW
TARIFF:
SOL A R
1,500

MEGAWATT-AC
UTILITY SUPPLY
NON-RESIDENTIAL
1,000
RESIDENTIAL
M 79
E T .8
1

N D:
ER MW
ET
E

500
RE
SI 16
DE . 2

0
2

2015 2016 2017 2018

NT MW
IA
L:

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

UTILITY-OWNED:
0.5 MW
SOL AR TOTAL: CUMULATIVE CAPACITY:
In 2018, the Village Electric Utility - Brewster
TARIFF:
40.4 MW NON :
- 950.7 MW 6,070.8 MW (OH) completed a 13.7 acre, 1.87 MW solar
IAL
DEN T
RESI 19.9 MW
UT
614 ILIT Y farm. The installation brought the utility’s annual
1 .6 M SU
W PPL
nnResidential: 1,250.7 MW solar watts per customer to 2,881.4 W/C, ranking
T Y:
NE :
ED
TER W
nnNon-Residential: 1,153.7 MW Brewster third among more than 500 utilities
M E 79 M PP
60 A : surveyed in the United States. The installation
2.9
M
nnUtility Supply: 3,666.4 MW
W
will help stabilize costs and ensure that power is
UTILITY-OWNED:
11.7 MW
available during peak usage.
MERCHANT
POWER: Reedy Creek Improvement District (FL), the municipal utility powering Walt Disney
0.0 MW
World in Florida, brought a 52 MW solar array online in 2018, providing enough energy
to power two of Disney’s theme parks. This is in addition to a 5 MW ‘Mickey-Mouse’
shaped array it added in 2016. These two projects are a significant step toward
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019 achieving the Walt Disney Company’s commitment to reducing greenhouse gas
MW = Megawatts-ac emissions to 50% below 2012 levels by 2020.
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 19
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Solar Customer Programs FIGURE 19: 2018 UTILITY RESIDENTIAL VS. NON-RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMER PROGRAM
COMPARISON

Customer programs remain an ideal way for utilities to engage with their customers 100%

and offer them the opportunity to invest in solar. Across the country, utilities are
pursuing these programs and according to the over 140 respondents to our customer
80
programs section, utilities are more interested in encouraging both residential and
non-residential solar adoption through solar incentives, green tariffs, and community
solar programs. 60

LOW- AND MODERATE-INCOME

40

Solar provides an opportunity to address many of the issues that low-income

communities face, from high energy costs to the high costs of owning or leasing a 20
home. Consequently, more than 67.9% of the utilities that responded to our survey
were interested in, planning, or implementing programs for low- and moderate-
income customers. California and Massachusetts have implemented programs to 0

RESIDENTIAL

RESIDENTIAL

RESIDENTIAL

RESIDENTIAL

RESIDENTIAL

RESIDENTIAL
NON-RESIDENTIAL

NON-RESIDENTIAL

NON-RESIDENTIAL

NON-RESIDENTIAL

NON-RESIDENTIAL
improve the accessibility of solar to lower-income households through attractive
financing.14, 15

LOW- AND SOLAR GREEN UTILITY- THIRD-PARTY TRUSTED

MODERATE- INCENTIVE TARIFF MANAGED MANAGED ENERGY
INCOME COMMUNITY COMMUNITY ADVISOR
SOLAR SOLAR
FULLY IMPLEMENTED PILOTING PLANNING INTERESTED NO INTEREST
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. N=143-174 for all responses.
14 SASH. GRID Alternatives https://gridalternatives.org/what-we-do/program-administration/sash
15 Massachusetts Solar Loan Program https://www.mass.gov/service-details/massachusetts-solar-loan-program
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 20
 Fully Implemented Piloting Planning Interested No Interest
Residential 15.00 2.60 10.50 47.70 24.20
Non-Residential 14.30 4.50 11.00 46.10 24.00

NC CLEAN ENERGY
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT TECHNOLOGY CENTER

Community Solar Policies

As of April 2019, 20 states and the District of Columbia had adopted community solar
policies. Utah became the latest state to enact a community solar law in 2019, while
Connecticut and New Jersey enacted legislation creating new programs in 2018.
FIGURE 20: STATE COMMUNITY SOLAR POLICIES
ENCOURAGING LOW-INCOME CUSTOMER
PARTICIPATION
Many states and utilities are working to increase opportunities for low- and moderate-
income customers to participate in community solar programs. This is often done by
establishing a carve-out for projects serving low-income customers or providing an
additional credit for low-income projects.

TABLE 6: LOW-INCOME COMMUNITY SOLAR PROVISIONS

10% of program capacity and 10% of each project’s capacity are reserved for
CONNECTICUT
low-income customers or service organizations

ILLINOIS Additional 6 to 13 cents/kWh for low-income projects

MARYLAND 60 MW of program capacity reserved for low-income projects

SMART Program offers an additional 6 cents/kWh for projects serving low-

MASSACHUSETTS
income customers
Pilot program combines community solar subscriptions with energy efficiency
MINNESOTA
improvements for certain low-income customers

NEW JERSEY 40% of program capacity reserved for low-income customers

NEW YORK Low-income bill discount may be applied to community solar

ALASKA HAWAII DISTRICT OF

COLUMBIA
Source: DSIRE Insight, NC Clean Energy Technology Center
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 21
 Fully Implemented Piloting Planning Interested No Interest
Residential 15.00 2.60 10.50 47.70 24.20
Non-Residential 14.30 4.50 11.00 46.10 24.00

NC CLEAN ENERGY
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT TECHNOLOGY CENTER

PURPA Implementation Rules

At least 18 states recently considered or are currently considering changes to Public
FIGURE 21: STATES CONSIDERING CHANGES TO PURPA IMPLEMENTATION
Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) implementation rules.16 Many of the changes
under consideration relate to standard offer size limits and contract terms, legally
enforceable obligations, and avoided cost methodologies.
nnArizona: The Arizona Corporation Commission is considering establishing a formal
PURPA policy, including standard offer contract terms.
nnMichigan: The Public Service Commission issued an order in 2018 lifting the
suspension on implementation of the new avoided cost methodology and standard
offer size contract (including a 2 MW size limit).
nnMontana: In April 2019, a district court judge ordered the Public Service
Commission to restore the former 25-year contract term and establish new avoided
cost rates.
nnOregon: In February 2019, the Oregon Public Utility Commission opened a general
investigation into PURPA rules, as well as a proceeding to consider interim changes.
nnWashington: The Commission Staff’s proposed rules would increase the standard
offer size limit to 5 MW with a contract term of 15 years.

ALASKA HAWAII DISTRICT OF

COLUMBIA

Source: DSIRE Insight, NC Clean Energy Technology Center

16 As of early April 2019.

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 22
 Fully Implemented Piloting Planning Interested No Interest
Residential 15.00 2.60 10.50 47.70 24.20
Non-Residential 14.30 4.50 11.00 46.10 24.00

NC CLEAN ENERGY
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT TECHNOLOGY CENTER

Net Metering Successor Tariffs

MICHIGAN MAINE
The Michigan Public Service Commission The Maine legislature enacted L.D. 91 in
approved a net metering successor policy April 2019, restoring retail rate net metering
in 2018, which will credit excess generation in the state.
at the power supply rate or locational
marginal price. CONNECTICUT
Lawmakers enacted S.B. 9 in 2018, directing
ARIZONA the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority to
Arizona regulators approved export establish a net metering successor tariff.
credit rates for Tucson Electric Power
and UNS Electric in 2018 and directed KENTUCKY
the utilities to file pilot Time-of-Generation Kentucky legislators enacted S.B. 100 in March
tariffs. 2019, requiring the Public Service Commission
to establish new net metering credit rates.
ARKANSAS
STATE-DEVELOPED MANDATORY NET METERING RULES
S.B. 145, enacted in March 2019, FOR CERTAIN UTILITIES
directs the Public Service Commission NO STATEWIDE MANDATORY NET METERING RULES,
BUT SOME UTILITIES OFFER NET METERING
to establish a netting period and credit
IN TRANSITION FROM NET METERING TO OTHER STATEWIDE
rates for excess generation. DG COMPENSATION RULES
STATEWIDE DG COMPENSATION RULES OTHER THAN NET
ALASKA HAWAII DISTRICT OF METERING
COLUMBIA
NO STATEWIDE DG COMPENSATION RULES
Source: DSIRE Insight, NC Clean Energy Technology Center
PER-KWH CREDIT ADJUSTORS OR NON-BYPASSABLE CHARGES

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 23
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Flexible Solar
In 2018, solar was again among the top three most deployed generating resources
in the country.17 As the cost of solar PV technology continues to decline, continued FIGURE 22: 2018 CUMULATIVE CAPACITY (MW-AC)
growth of both national and regional solar markets is expected, especially as states,
municipalities, utilities and corporations use solar to meet increasingly aggressive
decarbonization goals.
However, as solar PV only generates power when the sun shines, it is not a perfect
generating resource. Despite the inherent intermittency, with the appropriate MEGAWATTS
communications, solar PV can be operated as a dispatchable resource because 21,000+
it is an inverter-based generating resource. In other words, solar PV is capable of 1,600-3,999
altering the amount and type of electricity that it is interjecting to the grid almost 800-1,599
instantaneously—even allowing the resource to provide ancillary services to the grid. 400-799
As higher penetrations of solar are achieved, grid operators will find that solar’s value 100-399
substantially increases if it is dispatchable. 0.1-99
0
Flexible solar can be achieved through three main approaches:
nnAdvanced Inverter Functionality
nnSmart Contracts
nnSolar Plus Storage

ALASKA HAWAII DISTRICT OF AMERICAN GUAM PUERTO RICO &

COLUMBIA SAMOA U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019

17 “Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory” U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2019. https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia860m/
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 24
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

ADVANCED INVERTER FUNCTIONALITY

The use of advanced inverters offers the potential for solar to be used as a dynamic Customer-sited: Advanced inverter functionality is increasingly leveraging solar as
grid resource to provide direct benefits to the distribution grid and mitigate impacts an asset to the grid with new development of inverter technology, growing research,
from variable distributed generation.18 Surveyed utilities are in the early stages of and ne development of standards. IEEE 1547, a standard for interconnection and
exploring advanced inverter functionalities19 for customer-sited solar, as can be seen interoperability of distributed energy resources (DERs), with associated electric power
in the graphic below: systems interfaces, is gaining relevance. The latest version of the standard IEEE 1547-
201820 requires two-way communication capabilities, smart inverter capabilities that
FIGURE 23: 2018 UTILITY INTEREST IN ADVANCED INVERTER FUNCTIONALITIES allow for DERs to act like conventional transmission-connected grid resources. While
IEEE 1547 has not been adopted by any states to date, both California and Hawaii
100% jumped ahead of the standard by creating their own, Rule 2121 and Rule 14H,22
respectively.
80 Utility-scale: First Solar is working with Tampa Electric Company (TECO) to implement
their planned 600 MW of utility-scale solar deployments as flexible solar that can ramp
output up and down quickly, allowing the solar asset to be dispatchable.23 In addition
60
to these capabilities, TECO plans to oversize the inverter to allow for headroom that
can be used to maintain steady power output as clouds pass over the solar farm.
40

20
18 “Unlocking Advanced Inverter Functionality: Roadmap to a future of utility engagement and ownership”. SEPA, 2014. https://
sepapower.org/resource/unlocking-advanced-inverter-functionality
19 “Owning and Leveraging Advanced Inverters.” SEPA, 2014. https://sepapower.org/media-item/owning-and-leveraging-advanced-
0 inverters/
RAMP RATE EXPANDED RANDOMIZED CURTAILMENT VOLTAGE 20 “IEEE 1547-2018-IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric
CONTROL FREQUENCY RECONNECT SUPPORT Power Systems Interfaces”. IEEE, 2018. https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1547-2018.html
AND VOLTAGE
RIDE THROUGH 21 “Rule 21 Interconnection”. CPUC, 2019. http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/Rule21/
FULLY IMPLEMENTED PILOTING PLANNING INTERESTED NO INTEREST 22 “Customer Renewable Programs: Standard Interconnection Agreement”. Hawaiian Electric Company, 2019. https://www.
hawaiianelectric.com/products-and-services/customer-renewable-programs/standard-interconnection
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. N = 156 23 “The Value of Dispatchability: Unleashing Grid Flexible Solar”. SEPA, 2019. https://sepapower.org/media-item/the-value-of-.
dispatchability-unleashing-grid-flexible-solar/
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 25
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

SMART CONTRACTS AND PROGRAMS

Utility power purchase contracts can be structured to make solar a flexible FIGURE 24: POTENTIAL ANCILLARY SERVICES CREATED BY RENEWABLE DISPATCHABLE
stand-alone grid resource while customer-sited solar can be incentivized GENERATION
through compensation mechanisms or utility customer programs. 7,000
Customer-sited: In 2015, as a result of grid stability impacts from high penetrations
of behind-the-meter solar, Hawaii became one of the first states to move beyond 6,000

traditional net metering by offering new compensation options to new residential

solar owners. One of the two options was “grid-supply” which credits new solar PV 5,000

PRODUCTION (KW)
customers at a fixed rate for exported solar power, incentivizing the consumption
4,000
of power generated on-site. A second iteration of the grid-supply option is the
Customer Grid Supply+ Program (CGS+) program.24 Under this program, new
3,000
solar PV customers install a system on-site that will only export energy to the grid.
Customers are credited annually with export credits while the utility has the ability 2,000
to operate and dispatch those systems, taking advantage of advanced inverter
functionality, to optimize the grid. 1,000
Utility-scale: For most solar power purchase agreements, curtailment is an inherent
risk. However, contracts can be designed to mitigate that risk. This is emerging in 0

HE1

HE2

HE3

HE4

HE19
HE5

HE6

HE20

HE21
HE7

HE8

HE9

HE10

HE11

HE12

HE13

HE14

HE15

HE16

HE17

HE18

HE22

HE23

HE24
regions with higher solar penetration. SEPA’s 2016 report, Proactive Solutions to
Curtailment Risks, discussed potential contract structures including energy and HOURS
capacity PPAs, time-of-day price caps, and a dispatchable contract that SPINNING RESERVES POTENTIAL PRODUCTION SIGNALED PRODUCTION
can be used for spinning reserves.25 Dispatchable contracts are depicted in Figure 24. Source: SEPA & ScottMadden, 2016

24 “Smart Export Program”. State of Hawaii Public Utilities Commission, 2017. https://puc.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Hawaii_PUC_Smart-Export_CGS_Fact_Sheets_FINAL.pdf
25 “Proactive Solutions to Curtailment Risks”. SEPA and ScottMadden, 2016 https://sepapower.org/resource/proactive-solutions-curtailment-risks-identifying-new-contract-structures-utility-scale-renewables/
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 26
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

SOLAR PLUS STORAGE FIGURE 25: 2018 UTILITY RESIDENTIAL VS. NON-RESIDENTIAL SOLAR+STORAGE TRENDS
COMPARISON
The third way of making solar flexible is to co-locate it with an inherently flexible
100
resource such as energy storage. The emerging trend of solar + storage was captured
in SEPA’s 2018 Utility Energy Storage Market Snapshot,26 which documented 80
capabilities, use cases and flagship deployments. The coupling of solar and storage FULLY IMPLEMENTED
is an ideal match. 60 PILOTING
PLANNING
Customer-sited: The second offer for new solar PV customers in Hawaii, after the 40 INTERESTED
2015 changes,27 was self supply. This option credited solar PV customers nothing for NO INTEREST
20
exporting solar to the grid, requiring a solar + storage system to be financially viable.
The second iteration of this program was the Smart Export program28 launched in 0
RESIDENTIAL NON-RESIDENTIAL
2017. The program requires a solar + storage system and takes the self-supply concept
Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. N = 157
a step further. Customers receive a fixed credit for energy exported outside the 9am
to 4pm window and receive no credits for energy exported within that window.
SOLAR PLUS PUMPED HYDROPOWER ENERGY STORAGE
Utility-scale: Earlier in 2018, Hawaiian Electric Companies (HECO) announced the
approval29 of six solar-plus-battery storage projects that will provide 247 MW of solar In an effort to meet its aggressive renewable energy goals, Kauai Island Utility
and 1 GWh of battery storage. Like Kauai Island Utility Cooperative’s solar + storage Cooperative (KIUC), has deployed a number of energy storage technologies to make
projects (see callout box), each HECO system has roughly a 1:1 ratio of battery solar dispatchable—most notably its solar + battery storage systems. In 2018, the
storage energy capacity (MWh) to solar generation, making the solar generation utility executed a contract for the design, engineering, and construction of a solar
fully dispatchable. plus pumped hydropower project that will use solar energy to pump water up to
Utilities are taking notice of the potential for solar + storage programs to align a reservoir during the day and release it through a turbine when power is needed.
customer investment in DERs with grid needs. The project alone is expected to provide 15% of the island’s energy needs.

26 “2018 Utility Energy Storage Market Snapshot”. SEPA, 2018. https://sepapower.org/resource/2018-utility-energy-storage-market-snapshot/

27 See page 28 of this report.
28 “Smart Export Program”. State of Hawaii Public Utilities Commission, 2017. https://puc.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Hawaii_PUC_Smart-Export_CGS_Fact_Sheets_FINAL.pdf
29 “Six low-priced solar-plus-storage projects approved for O’ahu, Maui and Hawai’i islands”. Hawaiian Electric Company, 2019. https://fonteva-customer-media.s3.amazonaws.com/00Do0000000Yi66EAC/ksPwZlMB_Six%20low-priced%20solar%20plus%20storage%20
projects%20approved%20for%20Oahu%2C%20Maui%20and%20Hawaii%20islands.pdf
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 27
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Appendix A: 2018 Solar Capacity by State and Select Territories (MW-AC)

TABLE 7: SOLAR CAPACITY BY STATE AND TERRITORY TABLE 7: SOLAR CAPACITY BY STATE AND TERRITORY TABLE 7: SOLAR CAPACITY BY STATE AND TERRITORY

2018 ANNUAL 2018 CUMULATIVE 2018 ANNUAL 2018 CUMULATIVE 2018 ANNUAL 2018 CUMULATIVE
STATES STATES STATES
CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY CAPACITY

ALABAMA 19.4 192.5 KENTUCKY 3.5 61.3 OKLAHOMA 0.7 18.2

ALASKA 0.2 2.2 LOUISIANA 0.1 118.9 OREGON 86.5 351.3
AMERICAN SAMOA 0 5.3 MAINE 3 39.2 PENNSYLVANIA 48.4 332.9
ARIZONA 266.5 2,360.6 MARYLAND 85.7 750.9 PUERTO RICO 0 118.8
ARKANSAS 0.5 107.1 MASSACHUSETTS 245.1 1,838.6 RHODE ISLAND 112 404.4
CALIFORNIA 2,408.5 21,456.2 MICHIGAN 5.5 114.3 SOUTH CAROLINA 199 571.3
COLORADO 129.3 853.2 MINNESOTA 269.4 843.2 SOUTH DAKOTA 0 0.4
CONNECTICUT 80.8 472 MISSISSIPPI 0.9 122.8 TENNESSEE 98.3 252.2
DELAWARE 11.3 79.4 MISSOURI 9 135.7 TEXAS 509.4 1,803.4
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 9.2 38.2 MONTANA 0 9.8 UTAH 62.5 1,120.4
FLORIDA 971.5 1,676.7 NEBRASKA 3.1 16.5 VERMONT 38.8 286.6
GEORGIA 37.7 1,194.7 NEVADA 69.1 840.2 VIRGIN ISLANDS 0 14.6
GUAM 3.5 46.6 NEW HAMPSHIRE 1.3 69.6 VIRGINIA 50.6 414.3
HAWAII 74.8 809.6 NEW JERSEY 154.2 2,355.2 WASHINGTON 55.2 821.2
IDAHO 2.2 264.7 NEW MEXICO 54.4 573.9 WEST VIRGINIA 1.4 6.7
ILLINOIS 20.5 59.3 NEW YORK 195.5 1,074.1 WISCONSIN 2.8 63.5
INDIANA 35.2 246.2 NORTH CAROLINA 759.7 3,990.2 WYOMING 80.2 82.1
IOWA 23.5 91.3 NORTH DAKOTA 0 0
KANSAS 4.1 16.3 OHIO 17.6 158
MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 28
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Appendix B: Top 10
TABLE 8: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR CAPACITY (MW-AC) TABLE 9: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY ANNUAL SOLAR W/C-AC

1 PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC California 630.0 1 REEDY CREEK IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT Florida 35,936.4

2 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT CO. Florida 626.8 2 GEORGETOWN UTILITY SYSTEMS Texas 6,048.7

3 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON California 440.7 3 VILLAGE ELECTRIC UTILITY - BREWSTER Ohio 1,980.9

4 DUKE ENERGY PROGRESS North Carolina 436.3 4 DOMINION ENERGY NORTH CAROLINA North Carolina 1,768.2

5 NORTHERN STATES POWER MINNESOTA (XCEL) Minnesota 269.4 5 BOLIVAR ENERGY AUTHORITY Tennessee 1,482.8

6 DOMINION ENERGY NORTH CAROLINA North Carolina 213.1 6 MIDDLETON ELECTRIC LIGHT DEPARTMENT Massachusetts 1,358.9

7 AUSTIN ENERGY Texas 192.9 7 CHICKASAW ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE, INC. Tennessee 829.1

8 SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC California 185.3 8 KAUA’I ISLAND UTILITY COOPERATIVE Hawaii 637.9

9 TAMPA ELECTRIC COMPANY Florida 155.1 9 DENTON MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC Texas 595.3

10 GEORGETOWN UTILITY SYSTEMS Texas 154.0 10 PACIFICORP Wyoming 570.2

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019.

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 29
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

TABLE 10: TOP UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE SOLAR CAPACITY (MW) TABLE 11: TOP 10 UTILITIES BY CUMULATIVE W/C

1 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON California 7,786.1 1 REEDY CREEK IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT Florida 35,936.4

2 PACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC California 7,648.0 2 DOMINION ENERGY NORTH CAROLINA North Carolina 7,126.3

3 SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC California 2,329.4 3 GEORGETOWN UTILITY SYSTEMS Texas 6,048.7

4 DUKE ENERGY PROGRESS North Carolina 2,324.0 4 VILLAGE ELECTRIC UTILITY - BREWSTER Ohio 2,881.4

5 LOS ANGELES DEPT OF WATER AND POWER California 1,371.6 5 KAUA’I ISLAND UTILITY COOPERATIVE Hawaii 2,876.1

6 ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICE Arizona 1,355.2 6 PICKWICK ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE Tennessee 2,783.8

7 PACIFICORP Utah 1,106.9 7 STERLING MUNICIPAL LIGHT DEPARTMENT Massachusetts 2,174.3

8 PUBLIC SERVICE ELECTRIC & GAS New Jersey 1,088.5 8 VILLAGE OF MINSTER Ohio 1,997.3

9 MASSACHUSETTS ELECTRIC CO. Massachusetts 1,061.7 9 DUKE ENERGY PROGRESS North Carolina 1,671.9

10 FLORIDA POWER & LIGHT CO. Florida 949.1 10 MIDDLETON ELECTRIC LIGHT DEPARTMENT Massachusetts 1,653.7

Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019. Source: Smart Electric Power Alliance, 2019.

MW = Megawatts-ac
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 30
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
Appendix C: Survey Participants
FEDERAL/GENERATION & TRANSMISSION UTILITIES
American Municipal Power
Central Electric Power
Cooperative, Inc.
DISTRIBUTION UTILITIES
4-County Electric Power
Association
A&N Electric Cooperative
AEP Ohio
AEP Texas
Aiken Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Albertville Municipal Utilities
Board
Alcorn County Electric Power
Association
Alger-Delta Co-op Electric
Association
Algoma Utilities
Alliant Energy - Iowa
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 31
Florida Municipal Power Agency
Green Power Electric
Membership Corporation
Alliant Energy - Wisconsin
Altamaha Electric Membership
Corporation
Ameren Illinois
Ameren Missouri
American Samoa Power
Authority
Amicalola Electric Membership
Corporation
Anaheim Public Utilities
Anza Electric Cooperative
Appalachian Electric Cooperative
Appalachian Power Company -
Virginia
Hoosier Energy Northern Indiana Public Service
KAMO Electric Cooperative, Inc
Nebraska Public Power District
Appalachian Power Company -
West Virginia
Arab Electric Cooperative Inc.
Arizona Public Service
Athens Utility Board
Atlantic City Electric Company
Austin Energy
Austin Utilities
Avista Utilities - Idaho
Avista Utilities - Washington
Baltimore Gas & Electric
Baraga Electric Utility
BARC Electric Cooperative
Company Tennessee Valley Authority
Old Dominion Electric
Cooperative
Barry Electric Cooperative
Barton County Electric Co-op, Inc.
Beaches Energy Services
Belmont Light
Benton County Electric System
Berkeley Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Big Bend Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Black River Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Black River Falls Municipal
Utilities
Blue Ridge Electric Cooperative
Platte River Power Authority
WPPI Energy
Blue Ridge Mountain Electric
Membership Corporation -
Georgia
Blue Ridge Mountain Electric
Membership Corporation -
North Carolina
Bolivar Energy Authority
Boscobel Utilities
Bowling Green Municipal Utilities
Braintree Electric Light
Department
BrightRidge
Bristol Tennessee Essential
Services - Tennessee
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

Bristol Tennessee Essential Central Electric Power City of Crystal Falls City of Russellville Colquitt Electric Membership
Solutions - Virginia Association City of Dayton City of Shelbyville Corporation
Bristol Virginia Utilities Central Georgia Electric City of Evansville City of St. Charles Colton Electric Utility
Broad River Electric Cooperative, Membership Corporation Columbia Power System
City of Fort Collins City of Starke
Inc. Central Hudson Gas & Electric Columbus Water and Light
City of Fort Meade City of Stoughton
Brodhead Water & Light Cherryland Electric Cooperative, Commonwealth Edison
City of Fremont City of Sturgeon Bay
Commission Inc. Company
City of Gladstone City of Tallahassee
Brownsville Utility Department Chickasaw Electric Cooperative, Concord Municipal Light Board
Inc. City of Green Cove Springs City of Tupelo Light & Water
Caney Fork Electric Cooperative Connecticut Light & Power
Inc. Chugach Electric Association City of Harrisonburg City of Westby
Consolidated Edison Company
Canoochee Electric Membership Citizens Electric Company City of Holyoke City Utilities of Springfield -
of New York, Inc.
Corporation City of Independence Missouri
City of Aberdeen Consolidated Electric
Carroll County Electric City of Leesburg Clark Public Utilities
City of Alcoa Cooperative
Department City of Lenoir Clarksville Department of
City of Athens Consumers Energy
Carroll Electric Membership Electricity dba CDE Lightband
City of Banning City of Maquoketa Consumers Power, Inc.
Cooperative Clarksville Light & Water
City of Benton City of Naperville Cookeville Electric Department
Cedar Falls Utility Company
City of Bessemer Utilities City of Negaunee Cookson Hills Electric
Cedarburg Light & Water Utility Cleveland Utilities
City of Bowling Green City of Newberry - Florida Cooperative, Inc.
Central Electric Cooperative, Inc. Coastal Electric Cooperative
City of Bushnell City of Ocala CoServ Electric
- Oklahoma Coastal Electric Cooperative, Inc.
City of Chickamauga City of Okolona Coweta-Fayette Electric
Central Electric Cooperative, Inc. Cobb Electric Membership
City of Oxford Membership Corporation
- Oregon City of Clewiston Corporation
City of Richland Center CPS Energy
City of Clinton

SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 32

2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
Cuba City Light & Water
Cullman Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Cullman Power Board
Cumberland Electric Member
Corporation
Dayton Power & Light
Decatur Utilities
Delaware Electric Cooperative
Delmarva Power - Delaware
Delmarva Power- Maryland
Denton Municipal Electric
Detroit Edison
Dickson Electric Department
Diverse Power Incorporated
Dominion Energy North Carolina
Dominion Energy Virginia
Duck River Electric Membership
Corporation
Duke Energy (FL)
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC -
North Carolina
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 33
Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC -
South Carolina
Duke Energy Indiana
Duke Energy Ohio Inc. -
Kentucky
Duke Energy Ohio Inc. - Ohio
Duke Energy Progress - North
Carolina
Duke Energy Progress - South
Carolina
Duquesne Light Company
Eagle River Light & Water
Department
East Mississippi Electric Power
Association
Easton Utilities
Edisto Electric Cooperative, Inc.
El Paso Electric
Electric Power Board of
Chattanooga - Georgia
Electric Power Board of
Chattanooga - Tennessee
Elizabethton Electric System
Emerald People’s Utility District
Empire Electric Association -
Colorado
Empire Electric Association -
Utah
Etowah Utilities
Excelsior Electric Membership
Corporation
Fairfield Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Farmers Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Fayetteville Public Utilities
Fitchburg Gas and Electric Light
Company
Flathead Electric Cooperative
Flint Energies
Florence Utilities
Florence Utility Commission
Florida Power & Light Company
Florida Public Utilities
Forked Deer Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Fort Loudoun Electric
Cooperative
Fort Payne Improvement
Authority
Fort Pierce Utilities Authority
Fulton Electric System
Gainesville Regional Utilities
Gallatin Department of Electricity
Georgetown Utility Systems
Georgia Power Company
Gibson Electric Members
Corporation - Kentucky
Gibson Electric Members
Corporation - Tennessee
Glasgow Electric Plant Board
Glendale Water & Power
Grady Electric Membership
Corporation
Green Mountain Power
Corporation
Greeneville Power & Light
System
GreyStone Power Corporation
Guam Power Authority
Guntersville Electric Board
Habersham Electric Membership
Corporation
Hagerstown Light Department
Harriman Utility Board
Hart Electric Member
Corporation
Hartford Electric
Havana Power & Light Company
Hawaii Electric Light Company
Hawaiian Electric Company
Heber Light & Power
Hickman Electric Plant Board
Hickman Electric System
Holston Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Hopkinsville Electric System
Horry Electric Cooperative
Humboldt Utilities
Huntsville Utilities - Alabama
Huntsville Utilities - Tennessee
Hustisford Utilities
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
Imperial Irrigation District
Indian Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Indiana Michigan Power -
Indiana
Indiana Michigan Power -
Michigan
Indianapolis Power & Light
Company (AES)
Irwin Electric Membership
Corporation
Jackson Electric Member
Corporation
Jackson Energy Authority
Jacksonville Electric Authority
Jamestown Board of Public
Utilities
Jefferson Electric Member
Corporation
Jefferson Utilities
Jellico Electric and Water
Systems - Kentucky
Jellico Electric and Water
Systems - Tennessee
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 34
Jersey Central Power & Light
Joe Wheeler Electric
Membership Corporation
Juneau Utilities
Kansas City Power & Light -
Kansas
Kansas City Power & Light -
Missouri
Kansas City Power & Light
Greater Missouri Operations
Kauai Island Utility Cooperative
Kaukauna Utilities
Kennebunk Light & Power
District
Kentucky Power Company
Keys Energy Services
Kingsport Power Company
Kissimmee Utility Authority
Kit Carson Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Knoxville Utility Board
Lafollette Utilities Board
Lake Mills Light & Water
Lake Region Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Laurens Electric Cooperative
Lawrenceburg Utility Systems
Lewisburg Electric System
Lexington Electric System
Liberty Utilities
Lincoln Electric System
Linn County Rural Electric
Cooperative Association
Little Ocmulgee Electric
Membership Corporation
Little River Electric Cooperative
Lodi Electric Utility
Lodi Utilities
Longmont Power &
Communications
Los Angeles Dept of Water and
Power
Loudon Utilities
Louisville Electric System
Louisville Gas & Electric
Loveland Water and Power
Lynches River Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Magic Valley Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Marlboro Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Marshall-De Kalb Electric
Cooperative
Marshfield Utilities
Maryville Electric Department
Massachusetts Electric Company
Maui Electric Company
Mayfield Electric & Water System
McMinnville Electric System
Medina Electric Co-op, Inc.
Memphis Light, Gas and Water
Division
Menasha Electric & Water
Utilities
Meriwether Lewis Electric
Cooperative
Metropolitan Edison Company
Mid-Carolina Electric Co-op Inc.
Middle Georgia Electric Member
Corporation
Middle Tennessee Electric
Membership Corporation
Middleton Electric Light
Department
Milan Department of Public
Utilities
Mitchell Electric Member
Corporation
Monongahela Power Company
Monroe County Electric Power
Association
Morristown Utility Commission
Mount Horeb Utility
Mount Pleasant Power System
Mountain Electric Cooperative -
North Carolina
Mountain Electric Cooperative -
Tennessee
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
Murfreesboro Electric
Department
Murray Electric System
Muscle Shoals Electric Board
Nashville Electric Service
Natchez Trace Electric Power
Association
Navajo Tribal Utility Authority
Nebraska Public Power District
New Albany Light, Gas & Water
New Braunfels Utilities
New Holstein Utilities
New London Utilities
New Richmond Utilities
Newberry Electric Cooperative
New-Mac Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Newport Utilities Board
Niagara Mohawk Power
Corporation
North Alabama Electric Co-op
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 35
North East Mississippi Electric
Power Association
North Georgia Electric Member
Corporation
Northcentral Mississippi Electric
Power Association
Northern Neck Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Northern States Power
Minnesota (Xcel)
Northern States Power
Minnesota (Xcel) - Colorado
Northern States Power
Minnesota (Xcel) - North Dakota
Northern States Power
Minnesota (Xcel) - South Dakota
Northern States Power Texas
(Xcel) - New Mexico
Northern States Power Texas
(Xcel) - Texas
Northern States Power
Wisconsin (Xcel) - Michigan
Northern States Power
Wisconsin (Xcel) - Wisconsin
Northest Oklahoma Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Northwest Rural Public Power
District
Norway Department of Power &
Light
NSTAR
NV Energy
Oak Ridge Electric Department
Ocmulgee Electric Membership
Corporation
Oconee Electric Membership
Corporation
Oconomowoc Utilities
Oconto Falls Municipal Electric
Utility
Ohio Edison Company
Okefenoke Rural Electric
Membership Corporation
Omaha Public Power District
Orlando Utilities Commission
Osage Valley Electric Co-op Assn.
Otero County Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Ozark Electric Co-op Inc.
Pacific Gas & Electric
PacifiCorp - California
PacifiCorp - Idaho
PacifiCorp - Oregon
PacifiCorp - Utah
PacifiCorp - Washington
PacifiCorp - Wyoming
Palmetto Electric Cooperative
Paris Board of Public Utilities
PECO Energy Company
Pedernales Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Pee Dee Electric Co-op, Inc.
Pennsylvania Electric Company
Pennsylvania Power Company
Pennyrile Rural Electric
Cooperative
Pickwick Electric Cooperative
Planters Electric Membership
Corporation
Plateau Electric Cooperative
Plumas-Sierra Rural Electric
Cooperative
Plymouth Utilities
Potomac Edison Company -
Maryland
Potomac Edison Company -
Virginia
Potomac Edison Company -
West Virginia
Potomac Electric Power
Company - District of Columbia
Potomac Electric Power
Company - Maryland
Poudre Valley Rural Electric
Association, Inc.
Powell Valley Electric
Cooperative - Tennessee
Powell Valley Electric
Cooperative - Virginia
PPL Electric Utilities Company
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
Prentiss County Electric Power
Association
Preston Public Utilities
Commission
PSEG Long Island
Public Service Company of New
Mexico
Public Service Company of
Oklahoma
Public Service Electric & Gas
Public Utility District No. 1 of
Benton County
Puget Sound Energy
Pulaski Electric System
Randolph Electric Membership
Corporation
Rappahannock Electric
Cooperative
Rayle Electric Membership
Corporation
Reedsburg Utility Commission
Reedy Creek Improvement
District
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 36
Ripley Power and Light
River Falls Municipal Utilities
Riverside Public Utilities
Rochelle Municipal Utilities
Rock Hill Utilities
Rockwood Electric Utility
Roseville Electric
Sac-Osage Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Sacramento Municipal Utility
District
Salt River Project
San Diego Gas & Electric
Sand Mountain Electric
Cooperative
Santee Cooper
Santee Electric Cooperative
Satilla Rural Electric Membership
Corporation
Sawnee Electric Membership
Corporation
Seattle City Light
Sequachee Valley Electric
Cooperative
Sevier County Electric System
Sheffield Utilities
Shrewsbury Electric & Cable
Operations
Slash Pine Electric Membership
Corporation
Slinger Utilities
Smithville Electric System
Snapping Shoals Electric
Membership Corporation
Snohomish County Public Utility
District
Southern California Edison
Southern Carolina Electric & Gas
Southern Maryland Electric
Cooperative, Inc.
Southern Rivers Energy
Southside Electric Co-op, Inc.
Southwest Electric Cooperative,
Inc.
Southwest Tennessee Electric
Membership Corporation
Southwestern Electric Power
Company - Arkansas
Southwestern Electric Power
Company - Louisiana
Southwestern Electric Power
Company - Texas
Sparta Electric & Public Works
Springfield Department of
Electricity
Starkville Electric System
Sterling Municipal Light
Department
Sulphur Springs Valley Electric
Cooperative
Sumter Electric Member
Corporation
Sun Prairie Utilities
Sweetwater Utilities Board
Tallahatchie Valley Electric Power
Association
Tampa Electric Company
Tarrant Electric Department
Tennessee Valley Electric
Cooperative
The Illuminating Company
The Narragansett Electric
Company
The Potomac Edison Company
Three Notch Electric
Membership Corporation
Tippah Electric Power
Association
Tishomingo County Electric
Power Association
Toledo Edison Company
Tombigbee Electric Power
Association
Town of Erwin
Town of Murphy
Town of Stowe
Trenton Light & Water
Department
Trico Electric Cooperative, Inc.
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT
Tri-County Elec Member
Corporation - Georgia
Tri-County Electric Cooperative
Tri-County Electric Membership
Corporation - Kentucky
Tri-County Electric Membership
Corporation - Tennessee
Tri-State Electric Member
Corporation - Georgia
Tri-State Electric Member
Corporation - North Carolina
Tri-State Electric Member
Corporation - Tennessee
Tucson Electric Power
Tullahoma Utilities Board
SEPA | 2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT 37
Turlock Irrigation District
Tuscumbia Electricity
Department
Two Rivers Water & Light
Union City Electric System
United Cooperative Services, Inc.
United Power, Inc.
Unitil Energy Systems
UNS Electric, Inc.
Upper Cumberland Electric
Membership Corporation
Upson Electric Membership
Corporation
Vectren Corporation
Vermont Electric Cooperative
Village Electric Utility - Brewster
Village of Arcade
Village of Bergen
Village of L’Anse
Village of Minster
Village of Muscoda
Village of New Glarus
Village of Prairie Du Sac
Village of Waunakee
Vineland Municipal Utilities
Volunteer Electric Cooperative
Walton Electric Member
Corporation
Warren Rural Electric
Cooperative Corporation
Washington Electric Cooperative
Washington Electric
Membership Corporation
Waterloo Light & Water
Commission
Waupun Utilities
Weakley County Municipal
Electric System
West Kentucky Rural Electric
Cooperative Corporation -
Kentucky
West Kentucky Rural Electric
Cooperative Corporation -
Tennessee
West Pennsylvania Power
Company
Westar Energy
Western Massachusetts Electric
Company d/b/a Eversource
Energy
Wheeling Power Company
White River Valley El Co-op Inc.
Whitehall Electric Utility
Winchester Utilities
York Electric Cooperative, Inc.
2019 UTILITY SOLAR MARKET SNAPSHOT

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