SOCIALIZATION - is the process by which
children and adults learn from other skills,
knowledge, norms, and values of their society.
Primary Socialization- The socialization that we
have with our parents, and immediate relatives who
have been there for us to provide our needs - food,
clothing, shelter, love, peace and security.
Secondary Socialization - happens when we start
schooling, then working for the job that we end up
to.
Socialization is affected by these agents;
Family - introduces us to the expectations of
society.
The Media - print and broadcast, television,
computers are dominant tools for socialization.
Religion - influences the beliefs about sexuality,
including the likelihood of tolerance for gay and
lesbian sexuality. Sports for men and women
teaches them to be competitive and develop bodily
competence.
Schools - through the teachers and schoolmates, we
are encourage to behave appropriately to the
situations or occasions that we are in.
DEVIANCE
- The word deviance connotes odd or unacceptable
behavior.
- Is simply any violation of society's norms - is
defined as a violation of the standards of behavior
of a society.
SOCIAL CONTROL
- Is the regulation and enforcement of norms to
maintain social order - an arrangement of practices
and behaviors on which society's members base
their daily lives.
SANCTIONS
- The way to enforce the guidelines mandated in a
certain society.
Positive sanctions - are rewards to those who
conform to the norms
Negative sanctions - are punishments for violating
norms.
Informal sanctions - happen in face to face
interactions.
Formal sanctions - are officially recognizing and
enforcing norm violations.
CRIME
- is a behavior that violates official law and is
punishable through formal sanctions.
Crimes is classified into the following:
1. White collar crime - which is committed by
people occupying high position.
2. Victimless crime - is a crime committed by the
person towards himself.
3. Corporate Crime - is committed by a company or
corporation or people acting on its behalf.
4. Street Crime - is committed by ordinary people
against other people or organizations, usually in
public spaces.
5. Status Crime - is illegal because of age like you
who are still young. Like engaging in drinking
liquor or wine.
Civil Disobedience - is violating a law because the
violator wants to make a statement.
SOCIETY
Visions of Society that account for Social Change
and Societal Evolution
Four Diverse Perspectives:
KARL MARX - he looked society that is in
conflict. This is a struggle between segments of
society over valued resources.
Marx's Model of Society
Alienation - the experience of isolation and misery
resulting from powerlessness.
Capitalism alienates workers in four specific ways:
1. from the act of working
2. from the products of work
3. from other workers
4. from human potential

MAX WEBER

Rationalization of Society - the historical change

from tradition- sentiments and beliefs passed from
one generation to another to rationality - deliberate,
matter of fat, calculation of the cost effective means
to accomplish a task as a dominant mode of human
thought.

EMILE DURKHEIM
- describes society as more than individuals.
Anomie - A condition in which society provides
little moral guidance to individuals.

GERHARD LENSKI

- He said that socio-cultural evolution is the change

that occurs as a society acquires new technology.

SOCIO-CULTURAL EVOLUTION:

- It is the change that occurs as a society

acquires new technology
- Technology shapes other cultural patterns
and that simple technology can only support
small numbers of people who live simple
lives
- The greater amount of technology a society
has within its grasp, the faster cultural
change will take place
- High-tech societies are capable of sustaining
large numbers of people who are engaged in
a diverse division of labor.

TYPES OF SOCIETY:

1. Hunting and Gathering Stage

2. Horticultural and Pastoral Societies
3. Agricultural Societies
4. Industrial Societies
5. Postindustrial Societies