Summary of the Chapter

Lencho was a farmer. He had the field of ripe corn dotted with the flowers. He hoped for
a downpour or at least a shower. He was happy to see huge mountains of clouds. But
suddenly strong wind began to blow with the large hailstones. The hail rained for an hour
and the field was white as if covered with salt. The corn was totally destroyed. The hail
has left nothing. He did not understand what to do. o But He had a great faith on god. He
decided to seek help from god. He wrote a letter to god demanding 100 pesos. When
the postman read the letter addressing to god he could not stop himself by laughing. But
the post master who was a fat, amiable man decided to help Lencho. He collected 70
pesos from his friends, charity and he himself gave part of his salary. The following
Sunday Lencho came to collect the money. But he was disappointed to find only 70
pesos. He was angry and he wrote again a letter to god demanding rest of the money.
He also wrote that the god should not send the money through the post office because
what he believed that the post office employees are bunch of crooks.

Quick Revision Notes

• Lencho’s crops had failed that year and he had only a single hope i.e. God!

• He wrote a letter to God “God, my crops have failed and my family is going to starve. I
need some money- hundred pesos.”

• At the post office, the postmen saw such a queer letter and brought it to the
postmaster.

• The postmaster was a man of sympathy and understand a man like Lencho.

• Postmaster observed that faith of Lencho was strong as a child’s so he decided to send
an amount of hundred pesos to the poor farmer.

• Hundred pesos was a huge amount, the postmaster was able to collect only seventy
pesos. However, he sent the money to Lencho.

• Lencho received the money with a belief that God had helped him.

• Lencho was sad and angry after counting the money as he received only seventy
instead of hundred.

• Lencho wrote another letter to God and dropped the letter in the same postbox and
went.

• The postmaster felt the biggest shock and shame in his life after opening Lencho’s
second letter to God.
• Lencho had written, “God, of the money that I had asked for, only seventy pesos
reached me. Send me the rest, since I need it very much. But don’t send it to me through
the post because the post office employees are a bunch of thieves. Lencho.”
Summary of the Chapter

Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918. He was the first South African President to
be elected in a fully representative democratic election.

In life, every man has twin obligations: obligations to his family, to his parents, to his wife
and children; and he has an obligation to his people, his community and his country. In a
civil and humane society, each man is able to fulfill those obligations according to his
own inclinations and abilities. But in a country like South Africa, it was almost impossible
for a man of my birth and colour to fulfill both of those obligations.

In South Africa, a man of colour who attempted to live as a human being was punished
and isolated. In South Africa, a man who tried to fulfil his duty to his people was
inevitably ripped from his family and his home and was forced to live a life apart, a
twilight existence of secrecy and rebellion.

He said as quoted, "I did not in the beginning choose to place my people above my
family, but in attempting to serve my people, I found that I was prevented from fulfilling
my obligations as a son, a brother, a father and a husband."
"I was not born with a hunger to be free. I was born free — free in every way that I could
know. Free to run in the fields near my mother’s hut, free to swim in the clear stream that
ran through my village, free to roast mealies under the stars and ride the broad backs of
slow-moving bulls. As long as I obeyed my father and abided by the customs of my tribe,
I was not troubled by the laws of man or God."

"It was only when I began to learn that my boyhood freedom was an illusion, when I
discovered as a young man that my freedom had already been taken from me, that I
began to hunger for it. At first, as a student, I wanted freedom only for myself, the
transitory freedoms of being able to stay out at night, read what I pleased and go where I
chose."
"Later, as a young man in Johannesburg, I yearned for the basic and honourable
freedoms of achieving my potential, of earning my keep, of marrying and having a family
— the freedom not to be obstructed in a lawful life. But then I slowly saw that not only
was I not free, but my brothers and sisters were not free. I saw that it was not just my
freedom that was curtailed, but the freedom of everyone who looked like I did. That is
when I joined the African National Congress, and that is when the hunger for my own
freedom became the greater hunger for the freedom of my people."

"It was this desire for the freedom of my people to live their lives with dignity and self-
respect that animated my life, that transformed a frightened young man into a bold one,
that drove a law-abiding attorney to become a criminal, that turned a family-loving
husband into a man without a home, that forced a life-loving man to live like a monk."

"I am no more virtuous or self sacrificing than the next man, but I found that I could not
even enjoy the poor and limited freedoms I was allowed when I knew my people were
not free. Freedom is indivisible; the chains on anyone of my people were the chains on
all of them, the chains on all of my people were the chains on me. I knew that the
oppressor must be liberated just as surely as the oppressed."

"A man who takes away another man’s freedom is a prisoner of hatred; he is locked
behind the bars of prejudice and narrow-mindedness. I am not truly free if I am taking
away someone else’s freedom, just as surely as I am not free when my freedom is taken
from me. The oppressed and the oppressor alike are robbed of their humanity."

Quick Revision Notes

• Nelsom Mandela swears in as the first black president of South Africa on 10th May
1994.

• At the time of his swearing two national anthems were sung. He wished that freedom in
Africa should reign.

• The swearing in ceremony took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheater in Pretoria

• He addressed the rainbow gathering with a zest telling that never, never, and never
again should it be that that beautiful land would experience the oppression of one by
another.

• He wished that freedom in Africa should reign.

• The army officials who could have caught have and put him in jail before were saluting
him to pay respect to the newly born democracy.

• The two national anthems were sung at the time of his swearing in ceremony.

• He recalls back the history and pays homage to the national martyrs who sacrificed
their lives for the sake of their motherland.

• He tells about the martyrs were the man of extraordinary courage and wisdom and
generosity.

• That’s why he pays homage to the national martyrs who sacrifice their lives for the
sake of their motherland.

• The country of South Africa is rich in minerals and gems but the greatest wealth of
country is its people.
• He tells no one is born hating another person because of the colour of his skin, or his
background , or his religion.

• If people learn to hate, they can be taught to love too.

• He talks that man's goodness is a flame that can be hidden but never exhausted.

• He talks about the twin obligations-obligation towards his family & obligation towards
his nation.

• While discharging his duties he found he was not free. Hence, he joined African
National Congress fought for the freedom of his country.

• He well known about the oppressor must be liberated just as surely as the oppressed.

• The oppressor and oppressed are alike are robbed of their humanity.

Summary of the Chapter

This story of a young seagull and He wouldn’t dare to fly, and the entire family member
encourage him to fly but all went in vain, and for the same, he was harshly punished by
his parents. He was left all alone on the ledge starving for 24 hours. He cried with
hunger. After all his mother took final decision to put before him bait. It worked, he dived
for a scrap of fish.
Mother was high up in the sky and he was in the open air falling down and down.
Bravery is the fear is the victory. And he opened his wings and found himself flying. In
this way to young seagull take his first flight. Hence, we can say parental
encouragement and discipline play a extraordinary role in shaping the destiny of the
young children.

Quick Revision Notes

• This story is about a young seagull, who was afraid of flying.

• Young seagull was full of pessimism.

• His parents and family members used to encourage him for his first flight but he doesn’t
have enough courage to fly.

• He was left alone by his family members for 24 hours and he ate nothing.

• He was very hungry and he begged for food for mother.

• Young seagull’s mother diverted his mind from fear to food.

• He dived when he saw the food. He cried and screamed but his wings opened
automatically and flapped his wings.

• After all he was joined by his family in his first flight.

Summary of the Chapter

The story revolves around the mystery, ‘who was another pilot?’

The story teller was on his flight go to England hoping to have a good English breakfast
with his family. But during flight he saw great storm clouds ahead of him and clouds are
looks like mountains. He risked entering in the clouds and everything turned black.
He saw another aeroplane without lights on its wings. The pilot waved his hand to the
story teller and asked him to follow him. The story teller followed that another pilot as his
compass, radio went dead. Even there was not enough fuel in his tank. With the help of
another pilot, he landed safely and when he went to receptionist to thank the pilot he
was informed by the lady that there was no any other plane flying in the sky that night.

Quick Revision Notes

• At the midnight a pilot of old Dakota aeroplane flies over Paris (France) towards
England.

• Pilot was flies with the dreams of having breakfast in the morning and spending
holidays with his family.

• Unfortunately he passes through huge black clouds.

• The compass, radio, fuel gauge and all other equipment turned dead. Even not enough
fuel in fuel tank.

• Suddenly he noticed another pilot in black aeroplane waved his hand to follow his
instructions.

• Suddenly he noticed a row of light on the ground and that’s runway, he lands safely.

• He went to receptionist and asks about the aeroplane. But he is dumbstruck to know
that there is no aeroplane noticed on the radar that night.

• Many questions in his mind remain unsolved about the mysterious the black aeroplane.
Summary of the Chapter

This is a story of young girl her named ‘Anne Frank’. This story is based on her diary.
Anne Frank is a Jewish girl who has to go into hiding during World War Two to avoid the
Nazis. She shared her experience in the story when she is depressed. Together with
seven others she hides in the secret annex on the Prinsengracht 263 in Amsterdam. She
doesn’t have any close friend. After almost 2 years in hiding they are discovered and
deported to concentration camps. Anne’s father, Otto Frank, is the only one of the eight
people to survive. She describe her all important experience in her childhood in her
diary. After her death Anne becomes world famous because of the diary she wrote while
in hiding.

Quick Revision Notes

• On her thirteenth birthday, Anne Frank’s parents give her a diary.

• Anne starts writing about daily events, her thoughts, school grades, boys, all that.

• For two years, the Frank family lives in this Secret Annex.

• Anne grows in her knowledge of politics and literature, and she puts tons of energy into
studying and writing.

• At the same time, she grows further and further away from the other members of the
Annex.

• We see a real change in Anne when she begins hanging out in the attic with Peter van
Daan.

• Around this time she starts having dreams about a boy she was in love with, another
Peter: Peter Schiff.

• She sometimes even gets the two Peters confused in her head.

• There her diary ends. Two short months after Anne’s fifteenth birthday, and two days
after he last diary entry, the Secret Annex is raided.

• We don’t know Anne’s thoughts or feelings at that point or any time after, but we know
things got worse.

• As you probably already know, Anne and the other members of the Annex were sent to
various concentration camps. Anne’s father, Otto Frank, was the sole survivor.