LAB REPORT

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

PREPARED BY: NAVINTHIRAN A/L LATCHUMANAN

MATRIX ID : 012019021414

LECTURER : DR. SAFAA NAJAH SAUD

RESULT
DISCUSSION

a) What is the effect on the COPref as the load is increased? Why?

As the heat load increases, the evaporator superheat rises. And, as the heat load
decreases, the evaporator superheat falls. The COPref Increase if the difference of
temperatures decreases where temperature in evaporator rise or
temperature in condenser falls. Because, when the heat load is higher than nominal, the
liquid refrigerant in the evaporator coil starts to boil sooner. That is, when under nominal load
the last bit of evaporation occurs at the coil outlet, but under high load conditions this last bit
of evaporation occurs upstream from the coil outlet.

b) What is the effect of cooling medium on the average refrigeration COP?

Why?

A refrigerant in gas form is generally the cooling medium agent (Chloro-Fluoro-Carbon)

(CFC), used in modern refrigerators. It used but it was found to be harmful
to the environment. When it compressed, it heats up. It passes through the warm
coils on the outside of the refrigerator and passes its heat into the air in the room
though a process known as thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is when a hot
and cold substance is in close proximity to one another; the cooler substance will
get warmer, and the hot substance will get cooler. As it cools under pressure, the
gas becomes a liquid. The cold air created in the condenser area is circulated throughout
the refrigerator to aid in cooling. The fans blow air from the freezer into vents that
allow some of the cold air. The temperature of the air and the design of the
appliance allow the temperature to remain below freezing in the freezer while
remaining in the range in the refrigerator area.

c)What do you understand by the term load? Give examples of actual loads in
refrigeration practice in a domestic fridge, in a room and in a factory

Domestic Fridge

The present invention concerns domestic refrigerators of the type having a refrigerator
body defining a first internal refrigerated cavity, and, in this first internal cavity, at least one
compartment in which at least a part is manually movable. Known domestic refrigerators
generally have two compartments of the type mentioned above, namely the compartment for
making ice, commonly called "freezer", containing a refrigeration coil and closed by means
of a pivoting door, and a compartment in the form of a vat, generally disposed opposite the
"freezer" and serving as a removable vegetable tray, in an environment at a low temperature
between 2° and 5° C. Processes for extending the length of preservations of plant food
products, in particular fruits and vegetables, are known, and these processes consist in
placing these products under an oxygen starved controlled atmosphere and to keep them at
low temperature, typically between 0° and 15° C. These processes are found either in
storage silos of substantial size, where the composition of the controlled atmosphere is
permanently supervised and adjusted, namely for their conditioning in wrappings intended
for sale and having selective properties of gas diffusion. It is an object of the present
invention to propose a domestic refrigerator enabling to establish and maintain in a portion of
its internal cavity an atmosphere adapted for the extended preservation of fruits and
vegetables, in an autonomous arrangement, at low cost, with reliable operation and which
does not modify the overall size of the refrigerator. For this purpose, according to a
characteristic of the invention, the compartment of the refrigerator defines a second internal
cavity which is substantially water tight with respect to the first internal cavity and
communicates with a gas source containing less oxygen than air.

Room

In a room, the specification that needs to know is the chilling or freezing times now
worked out, the size of the room can be determined. If it sizes and position of the room has
been rigidly fixed before this stage, the cooling times determined above will not be met.
When loading a chiller, the doors are invariably left open for long periods allowing a fully
established air flow to take place to and from the room either from gravity through a single
door or by a through flow of air if more than one door is open. Another point to notice is that
the load on the room, when used as a store, even when the outside temperatures are very
high, is very small compared to both the peak and average load and is for the most part due
to the evaporator fans running continuously. The load then increases when the doors are
opened and the room is washed out or possibly unloaded.

Factory

A refrigerator is design to maintain the freezer section at -18°C and the refrigerator
section at 3°C. Lower freezer temperatures increase energy consumption without improving
the storage life of frozen food significantly. Different temperatures for the storage of specific
foods can be maintained in the refrigerator section by using special-purpose compartment.
Generally, all full size refrigerators have a large air-tight drawer for leafy vegetable and fresh
foods to seal moisture and protect from drying effect. Some have a temperature controlled
meat compartment maintained at -0.5C, which keeps meat at lowest safe temperature
without freezing it. For specified external dimensions, a refrigerator is desired to have
maximum food storage volume, minimum energy consumption, and the lowest possible cost
to the consumer.
CONCLUSION

From the experiment that we had done, we can conclude that we have achieved
our main objective to investigate the variation in Coefficient of Performance (COP ref)
of a vapour compression refrigeration system. This is achieved by looking at the
effect of the COPref as the load increased. The effect of COPref that we get from this
experiment is that the higher the value of load, the COPref increased but due to some
factor during the experiment, the COPref decrease at some point and increase back.
Apart from this experiment, we are able to find out that the higher the value of
COPref, the better the refrigeration cycle is.