Solid Elements Characteristics Picture/Example

Is an excellent conductor of heat and

Gold(Au) electricity. It is a soft, yellow metal with a
beautiful lustrous sheen. It is the most
malleable and ductile of all the elements and a
single gram can be beaten into a one square
meter sheet of gold leaf. Gold has a very high
density, 19.32 g/cm3.

Silver(Ag) Is a soft, ductile, malleable, lustrous metal. It

has the highest electrical and thermal
conductivity of all metals. Silver is stable in
oxygen and water, but tarnishes when
exposed to sulfur compounds in air or water to
form a black sulfide layer.
Liquid Elements Characteristics Picture/Example

Chlorine(Cl) It is a toxic gas that irritates the skin, the eyes

and the respiratory
system. Characteristics: Chlorine is a
greenish-yellow, diatomic, dense gas with a
sharp smell (the smell of bleach). It is not
found free in nature as it combines readily with
nearly all other elements.

Bromine(Br) Is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid at

ordinary temperatures. It is a dense, reddish-
brown liquid which evaporates easily at room
temperature to a red vapor with a strong,
chlorine-like odor. Bromineis less reactive
than chlorine or fluorine but more reactive than
iodine.
Gas Elements Characteristics Picture/Example

Helium(He) Is a light, odourless, colourless, inert,

monatomic gas. It can form diatomic
molecules, but only weakly and at
temperatures close to absolute
zero. Helium has the lowest melting point
of any element and its boiling point is close
to absolute zero.

Oxygen(O) Its common form (O2) is a colorless, odorless

and tasteless diatomic gas. Oxygen is
extremely reactive and forms oxides with
nearly all other elements except noble gases.
 Solid Compound Characteristics Picture/Example
Sodium chloride (NaCl) Is a white crystalline solid with a density of
2.16 g/mL, and a melting point of 801 °C. It is
also available as aqueous solutions of different
concentrations, called saline solutions.
Chemical properties: Sodium chloride is
readily soluble in water and other polar
solvents.

hydrogen chloride (HCl) It the chemical formula HCl and as such is

a hydrogen halide. At room temperature, it is
a colourless gas, which forms white fumes of
hydrochloric acid upon contact with
atmospheric water vapor. Hydrogen
chloride gas and hydrochloric acid are
important in technology and industry.
 Liquid Compound Characteristics Picture/Example

Water(H2O) It is a clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid

that freezes into ice below 0 degrees
centigrade and boils above 100 degrees
centigrade. Water is an oxygen hydride
consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently
bonded to two hydrogen atoms.

Paraffin Wax (CnH2n+2) It is a soft colorless solid, derived from

petroleum, coal or shale oil that consists of a
mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing
between twenty and forty carbon atoms.
 Gas Compound Characteristics Picture/Example

Carbon Dioxide(CO2) Is is a colorless gas with a density about 60%

higher than that of dry air. Carbon dioxide
consists of a carbon atom covalently double
bonded to two oxygen atoms. It occurs
naturally in Earth's atmosphere as a trace gas.

Ammonia(NH3) It is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with

the formula NH₃. The simplest pnictogen
hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a
characteristic pungent smell.