PHILOSOPHICAL SELF
 is love that is uniquely serve
1. SOCRATES
o Know Thyself
o Questions Everything
o Only in the pursuit of goodness brings
happiness
SOCRATIC METHOD
o Question and answer, leads to
students thinking for themselves
SOCRATES 470 BC-399 BC
o “An examined life is not worth living.”
o “I cannot teach anybody anything, I
can only make them think.”
o “To know is to know that you know
nothing. That is the meaning of true
knowledge.”
2. PLATO
o Greek philosopher who founded the
Academy in Athens.
o The Academy is the first institution of
learning in the West.
o “Never discourage anyone… Who
continually makes progress, no matter
how slow.”
o “Be kind, because all the people we
met may have battle to surpass.”
o “Scholars and wise men speak because
they have to say; fools speak because
they have to speak.”
o “Music is a moral law. It gives soul to
the world, wings to the mind, flight to
the imagination, and charm to life and
to everything.”
o According to Plato, the soul is in the
human body.
o The rational part is the head, the spirit
is in the upper part of the body, and
the appetite is in the central part of the
body to the heart.
3. SAINT AGUSTINE
o Church Doctor
o Mother- a Christian
Father – remains a pagan.
o He takes a different philosophy before
he became a Christian at the age of 35.
o “Temperance
 is a love of giving up entirely
himself to Him and that’s the
only reason;
o Courage
 is a love that can go beyond
everything with pleasure for
the sake of Himself and that’s
the only reason;
o Justice
only Him and no other reason,
and
o Prudence
 is love that can make the right
decision on what prevents and
what helps. "
o “Pray where supposedly everything
depends on God.”
o “Work which seems all depends on
you.”
4. RENÉ DESCARTES
o I think, therefore, I am.
o The mind exists.
o Not far from the mind of man, so man
exists.
o When in doubt someone has doubts
for him.
o The work itself will doubt the fact that
he exists.
5. JOHN LOCKE
o No man’s knowledge here can go
beyond his experience.
o According to Locke, even if a man has
the ability to think, it does not mean
that he is using it.
o Others have chosen to live in
ignorance, others think very weak, or
others are slaves to their emotions
which they use their brains to
understand the laws of nature.
o Others chose to simply be bad
because they are accustomed to it.
6. DAVID HUME
o A wise man, therefore, proportions
his belief to the evidence.
o Empiricism
 is the theory that says all
knowledge comes from the
senses.
o The mind is not separated from
perception.
o The entire contents of the mind are
transmitted daily to the human
condition.
o Bundle Theory
 The man is a collection of
different successive
perceptions, always changing
and moving
 The qualities that we feel is
only part of something.
7. IMMANUEL KANT
o Morality is not properly the doctrine
of how we may make ourselves
 happy, but how we may make  Wrong bases and problems
ourselves worthy of happiness. arise on how we give meaning
o The consciousness is divided into: and how we deliver or how
 Internal Self - composed of we paraphrase the words
psychological states and 10. PATRICIA S. CHURCHLAND
informed decisions; o To understand the mind, we must
remembering our own state, understand the brain.
how can we combine the new o There isn’t a special thing called mind.
and old ideas with our mind. The mind just is the brain.
 External Self - made up of o In all probability, mental states are
ourselves and the physical processes and activities of the brain.
world where the Exactly what activities, and exactly at
representation of objects what level of description, remains to
8. SIGMUND FREUD be seen.
o The child is the Father of a man. PAUL CHURCHLAND
o A famous neurologist o Modern philosopher who studied the
o Create psychoanalysis brain.
o Threefold yourself: o "The Self as a brain."
 Id o The physical brain allows us to say we
 Early stage self- are so different.
shaping 11. MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY
 The center of all o French Phenomenological
human wants and Philosopher
desires that You must o Philosophical movement called
satisfy Existentialism
 Indifferent to the o Rejects Edmund Husserl’s
moral laws of society philosophical movement
 Collection of o Analyzed experiences, perceptions
preferences that must and difficulties of human existences
be met o Because we are in the world, we are
 Ego condemned to meaning, and we
 Act according to cannot do or say anything without it
reality acquiring a name in history.
 Balances the desires o The body is our general medium for
of the people and having a world.
how to present it
 To know what is right
or wrong based on
context
 Superego
 to achieve the super
ego, It Can be cruel
and punishable
 Looking at the
perfection of things
 We felt
embarrassment and
guilt when we have
fallen short of the
high expectations.
9. GILBERT RYLE
o In searching for the self, one cannot
simultaneously be the hunter and the
hunted.
o Self and Behavior
 "I made it, and so I am “
 BASIC ELECTRONICS Ohms Law Relationship
Electron is the smallest amount of electric charge
having the characteristic called negative polarity. To find the Voltage, (V)
Proton is a basic particle with positive polarity.
Conductor allows electric current to flow with [ V = I x R] V (volts) = I (amps) x R (Ω)
minimum opposition. In general, all metals are good
conductors, with silver the best and copper second.
To find the Current, (I)
Have little resistance.
Insulator can hold or store electricity better than [ I = V ÷ R] I (amps) = V (volts) ÷ R (Ω)
conductors. An insulating material, such as glass,
plastic, rubber, paper, air, or mica, is also called a
dielectric, meaning it can store electric charge. Have To find the Resistance, (R)
large amount of resistance.
[ R = V ÷ I] R (Ω) = V (volts) ÷ I (amps)
Semiconductor a material that is neither a good
conductor nor a good insulator.
Potential refers to the possibility of doing work. To find the Power (P)
Current (I) is the movement of electric charges around
a closed path or circuit. [ P = V x I] P (watts) = V (volts) x I (amps)
Ampere (A) is the base unit of electric current. Also:
Resistors limit the amount of current or to produce a
desired drop in voltage. [ P = V2 ÷ R] P (watts) = V2 (volts) ÷ R (Ω)
Resistance (R) the opposition to the flow of current in
an electric circuit.
Also:
Ohm the practical unit of resistance. [ P = I2 x R] P (watts) = I2 (amps) x R (Ω)
Volt (V) the unit of potential difference or voltage.
Power (P) can be defined as the time rate of doing
work.
OHMS LAW PIE CHART
Watt basic unit of power.
Circuit can be defined as a path for current flow.
DC Voltage fixed polarity, can be steady or vary in
magnitude, steady value cannot be stepped up or
down by a transformer, terminal voltages for transistor
amplifiers, easier to measure.
AC Voltage reverses in polarity, varies between
reversals in polarity, can be stepped up or down for
electric power, distribution, signal input and output for
amplifiers, easier to amplify.
Thermistor is a thermally sensitive resistor whose
resistance value changes with changes in operating
temperature.
Tolerance the maximum allowable percent difference
between the measured and coded values of resistance.
Ohm’s law states that the amount of current I is
directly proportional to the voltage V, and inversely
proportional to the resistance R.
Analog multimeter measure volts, ohms and amps.
Breadboard is a solderless device for temporary
prototype with electronics and test circuit designs.
Connecting wires allows an electrical current to travel
from one point on a circuit to another because
electricity needs a medium through which it can move.
Power supply is a component that supplies power to at
least one electric load.
  The higher the voltage, the higher the current.
 The higher the resistance, the lower the
current.
 In a circuit the higher the current, the lower
the resistance with higher voltage.
 If the voltage is increased, the current will
increase provided the resistance of the circuit
does not change.
 Increasing the resistance of the circuit will
lower the current flow if the voltage is not
changed.
 The lower the resistance, the higher the
conductance.
 Voltage can exist without current, but current
cannot exist without voltage.
 There is no direct correlation between the
physical size of a resistor and its resistance
value.
 Resistors with higher R values usually have
lower wattage ratings because they have less
current.
 The lower the power rating, the smaller the
actual size of the resistor.

SERIES CIRCUIT
CURRENT (I) CONSTANT V/R
RESISTANCE (R) RT= R1+R2+R3+… V/I
VOLTAGE (V) VT=V1+V2+V3+… I*R

PARALLEL CIRCUIT
CURRENT (I) IT=I1+I2+I3+…
RESISTANCE (R) I/RT=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+…
VOLTAGE (V) CONSTANT

CONDUCTANCE
RT=1/1/R1+1/R+1/R3+…