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Pre - Calculus I. Objectives:: Circles
Pre - Calculus I. Objectives:: Circles
I. Objectives:
Circles
Reference: Pre-Calculus Ninth Edition, Michael Sullivan, pp. 34-38
Materials: Visual Aids
A. Preparatory Activity:
1. Drill:
Answers:
1. √4 = ±2 2. √9 = ±3 3. √16 = ±4
2. Review:
Let the student find the distance of the points 𝑃1 (𝟏, 𝟑) and 𝑃2 (𝟓, 𝟔)
Solution:
𝒅 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐
𝒅 = √(𝟓 − 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝟔 − 𝟑)𝟐
𝒅 = √(𝟒)𝟐 + (𝟑)𝟐
𝒅 = √𝟏𝟔 + 𝟗
𝒅 = √𝟐𝟓
𝒅=𝟓
B. Developmental Activities:
1. Motivation
The study of the circle goes back beyond recorded history. The invention of
the wheel is a fundamental discovery of properties of a circle. But, why is that a
circle is being drawn as a round shape? This question will lead us to our topic
CIRCLES.
2. Presentation
𝒅 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐
which is also the standard form of an equation of a circle, with radius 𝒓 and
center (𝒉, 𝒌)
3. Practice Exercise
1. Write the standard form of the equation of the circle with radius 𝟓 and center
(−𝟑, 𝟔)
Solution:
Using the formula of the standard form of a circle we will substitute the values
of 𝒓 = 𝟓, 𝒉 = −𝟑 and 𝒌 = 𝟔
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟑)) + (𝒚 − 𝟔)𝟐 = (𝟓)𝟐
(𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟔)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
2. Write the standard form of the equation of the circle with radius 𝟒√𝟐 and
center (𝟐, 𝟕)
Solution:
Using the formula of the standard form of a circle we will substitute the values
of 𝒓 = 𝟒, 𝒉 = 𝟐 and 𝒌 = 𝟕
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟕)𝟐 = (𝟒√𝟐)
(𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟕)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟐
4. Generalization
What is a circle?
Answer:
A circle is the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed point,
called the center. The fixed distance from the center to any point on the circle is
called the radius.
5. Application
(𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟒)𝟐 = 𝟗
Solution:
(𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟒)𝟐 = 𝟗
𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟐)) + (𝒚 − 𝟒)𝟐 = (𝟑)𝟐
(𝒙 + 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔
Solution:
(𝒙 + 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔
𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟓)) + (𝒚 − (−𝟑)) = (𝟔)𝟐
Thus, the center of the circle is (−𝟓, −𝟑) and the radius is 𝟔
IV. Evaluation
1. Write the standard form of the equation of the circle with radius 𝟓 and center (−𝟐, 𝟑)
2. Write the standard form of the equation of the circle with radius 𝟐√𝟐 and center
(𝟔, −𝟏)
3. Write the standard form of the equation of the circle with radius 𝟑√𝟑 and center
(−𝟓, −𝟒)
4. Define a circle.
Solution:
1. Using the formula of the standard form of a circle we will substitute the values of 𝒓 =
𝟓, 𝒉 = −𝟐 and 𝒌 = 𝟑
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟐)) + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = (𝟓)𝟐
(𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
2. Using the formula of the standard form of a circle we will substitute the values of 𝒓 =
𝟐√𝟐, 𝒉 = 𝟔 and 𝒌 = −𝟏
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝟔)𝟐 + (𝒚 − (−𝟏)) = (𝟐√𝟐)
(𝒙 − 𝟔)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟖
3. Using the formula of the standard form of a circle we will substitute the values of 𝒓 =
𝟑√𝟑, 𝒉 = −𝟓 and 𝒌 = −𝟒
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟓)) + (𝒚 − (−𝟒)) = (𝟑√𝟑)
(𝒙 + 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟒)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟕
4. A circle is the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed point, called
the center. The fixed distance from the center to any point on the circle is called the
radius.
V. Assignment
1. Why the shape of a circle is round?
2. Given the equation of the circle
(𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟕)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐
Solution:
1. The shape of a circle is round because the definition of a circle is points that are
equidistant from the center. If we are going to trace all the points that are
equidistant from a fixed point, we can form a round shape.
(𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟕)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟒)) + (𝒚 − (−𝟕)) = (√𝟏𝟐)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟒)) + (𝒚 − (−𝟕)) = (√𝟒 ∙ 𝟑)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − (−𝟒)) + (𝒚 − (−𝟕)) = (𝟐√𝟑)
Thus, the center of the circle is (−𝟒, −𝟕) and the radius is 𝟐√𝟑