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Talent Battle Quant Formula Bank PDF
Talent Battle Quant Formula Bank PDF
Law of Indices:
x. am x an = am + n
xi. am ÷ an = am - n
xii. (am)n = amn
xiii. (ab)n =anbn
xiv. a0 = 1
Factorization Method: Express the each one of the given numbers as the product of prime factors. The
product of common factors gives us the HCF.
2 420
2 804
2 210
2 402
3 105
3 201
5 35
67 67
7 7
1
1
Factors: 2 x 2 x 3 x 67 Factors: 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 x 7
H.C.F.= 2 x 2 x 3 = 12
Division Method: Suppose we have to find the H.C.F. of two given numbers, divide the larger by the smaller
one. Now, divide the divisor by the remainder. Repeat the process of dividing the preceding number by the
remainder last obtained till zero is obtained as remainder. The last divisor is required H.C.F.
Hence HCF is 6
2. Least Common Multiple (L.C.M.): The least number which is exactly divisible by each one of the given
numbers is called their L.C.M.
Factorization Method: Start prime factorization of the numbers with common multiples. Then, L.C.M. is the
product of all the factors
Factors Numbers
2 24 30 16
2 12 15 8
2 6 15 4
3 3 15 2
2 1 5 2
5 1 5 1
1 1 1
LCM: 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 2 x 5= 240
Note: If the greatest number of the given number is a multiple of all remaining numbers then greatest number
is LCM. E.g. Find the LCM of 24, 4 and 8
4. Co-prime Numbers: Two numbers are said to be co-prime, if their H.C.F. is 1. & LCM= Number(1) x
Number(2)
5. If in between 2 numbers, one number is multiple of other then their HCF is smaller No and LCM is
Larger No.
Average =
Group 1
Average = A1
Sum of Obs = S1
Number of Obs. = N1
Group 2
Average = A2
Sum of Obs = S2
Number of Obs. = N2
If Group 1 and Group 2 come together then the combined average of the group will be A =
Eg.
The average weight of 5 persons is decreased by 2kg when one of the men whose weight is 50kg is replaced
by a new man. The weight of the new man is
In this problem average decrease hence weight of new person is: 50 – 5x2= 40 kg
[ ]
If the price of a commodity decreases by R%, then the increase in consumption so as not to decrease the
expenditure is:
[ ]
Let the population of a town be P now and suppose it increases at the rate of R% per annum, then:
R n
Population after n years = P 1+
100
P
Population n years ago = R n
1+
100
Selling Price (S.P): The price, at which an article is sold, is called its selling prices
Profit or Gain: If S.P. is greater than C.P., the seller is said to have a profit or gain.
Loss: If S.P. is less than C.P., the seller is said to have incurred a loss.
Marked Price (M.P): The price, at which the article is marked. If article is sold at marked price then selling price
is equal to marked price. If some discount is given by shopkeeper then S.P = M.P- Discount
IMPORTANT FORMULA:
( )
11. If an article is sold at a loss of say, 35% then S.P. = 65% of C.P.
12. When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say x%, and the other at a loss of x%, then the seller
always incurs a loss given by:
13. If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weights, then
Gain % =( )
1. Principal:
The money borrowed or lent out for a certain period is called the principal or the sum.
2. Interest:
If the interest on a sum borrowed for certain period is reckoned uniformly, then it is
called simple interest.
Let Principal = P, Rate = R% per annum (p.a.) and Time = T years. Then
PxRxT
(i). Simple Interest =
100
100 x S.I. 100 x S.I. 100 x S.I.
(ii). P = ;R= and T = .
RxT PxT PxR
6. When Rates are different for different years, say R1%, R2%, R3% for 1st, 2nd and 3rd year
respectively.
R1 R2 R3
Then, Amount = P 1 + 1+ 1+ .
100 100 100
Relative Speed:
If Two bodies are moving in opposite directions at speed S1& S2 respectively.
The relative speed is defined as Sr = S1 + S2
Two bodies are moving in same directions at speed S1 & S2 respectively.
The relative speed is defined as Sr = |S1 − S2|
1. Time taken by a train of length X meters to pass a pole or standing man or a signal post is = the
time taken by the train to cover X meters.
2. Time taken by a train of length X meters to pass a stationary object of length b meters is = the
time taken by the train to cover (X+ b) meters.
3. Suppose two trains or two objects bodies are moving in the same direction at u m/s and v m/s,
where u > v, then their relative speed is = (u - v) m/s.
4. Suppose two trains or two objects bodies are moving in opposite directions at u m/s and v m/s,
then their relative speed is = (u + v) m/s.
5. If two trains of length a meters and b meters are moving in opposite directions at um/s and v m/s,
then:
(a + b)
The time taken by the trains to cross each other = sec.
(u + v)
6. If two trains of length a meters and b meters are moving in the same direction at um/s and v m/s,
then:
(a + b)
The time taken by the faster train to cross the slower train = sec.
(u - v)
7. If two trains (or bodies) start at the same time from points A and B towards each other and after
crossing they take a and b sec in reaching B and A respectively, then:
(A's speed) : (B's speed) = (√ : √ )
Downstream / Upstream :
In Water, the direction along the stream is called Downstream.
And the direction against the stream is called Upstream.
If the speed of boat in still water is u km/hr & the speed of stream is v km/hr, then:
Speed Downstream: (u + v) km/hr
Speed Upstream: (u - v) km/hr
If the Speed Downstream is a km/hr & the Speed Upstream is b km/hr , then:
Speed in still water = (a + b) / 2 km/hr
Rate of stream = (a - b) /2 km/hr
1. Odd Days: Number of days more than the complete weeks are called odd days in a given
period.
2. Leap Year: A leap year has 366 days.
In a leap year, the month of February has 29 days
b) Every 4th century is a leap year and no other century is a leap year.
Examples:
400, 800, 1200 etc. are leap years.
100, 200, 1900 etc. are not leap years
3. Ordinary Year
The year which is not a leap year is an ordinary year.
An ordinary year has 365 days.
4. Counting odd days and Calculating the day of any particular date:
a) Both years must be of the same type. i.e., both years must be ordinary years or both years must be
leap years.
b) 1st January of both the years must be the same day of the week.
One solved example: What day of the week does Nov 16 1991 fall on ?
Square Rectangle
Triangle
s b
l b
Perimeter: P = 4s Perimeter: P = 2l + 2b Perimeter: a+b+c
2
Area: A = s Area: A = l x b Area = h
Diagonal of rectangle = √
b b1 Circumference: C = 2nr
Perimeter: P = 2a + 2b Perimeter: P = a + b1 + c + b2 or C = nd
Area: A = b x h
Area = Area: A = nr2
Area of a triangle = √ a b
where a, b, c are the sides of the triangle and s =
c
√
Area of an equilateral triangle = x (s)2. s s s
h
s
s
s b
Volume: V = s
3 Volume: V = l x b x h Volume: V=
Surface Area: S = 6s2 Surface Area: S = 2(lb + 2bh + 2lh)
Total Surface area =
Cylinder Cone
h l
Total Surface Area = 2πrh + Total Surface Area = πrl + Total Surface area =
1. Alligation:
It is the rule that enables us to find the ratio in which two or more ingredients at the given price must be
mixed to produce a mixture of desired price.
2. Mean Price:
The cost of a unit quantity of the mixture is called the mean price.
3. Rule of Alligation:
We present as under:
(c) (d)
Mean Price
(d - m) (m) (m - c)
4. Suppose a container contains x of liquid from which y units are taken out and replaced by water.
Permutations:
The different arrangements of a given number of things by taking some or all at a time, are called
permutations.
Examples:
- All permutations (or arrangements) made with the letters a, b, c by taking two at a time are
(ab, ba, ac, ca, bc, cb).
- All permutations made with the letters a, b, c taking all at a time are:
( abc, acb, bac, bca, cab, cba)
Number of Permutations:
Number of all permutations of n things, taken r at a time, is given by:
n n!
Pr =
(n - r)!
Examples:
6P2 = (6 x 5) = 30.
7P3 = (7 x 6 x 5) = 210.
Combinations:
Each of the different groups or selections which can be formed by taking some or all of a number of
objects is called a combination.
Examples:
Suppose we want to select two out of three boys A, B, C. Then, possible selections are AB, BC
and CA.
Note: AB and BA represent the same selection.
All the combinations formed by a, b, c taking ab, bc, ca.
The only combination that can be formed of three letters a, b, c taken all at a time is abc.
Various groups of 2 out of four persons A, B, C, D are:
AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD.
Note that ab ba is two different permutations but they represent the same combination.