Calculation Note.20190720

ព្រះរាជាណាចព្ររម្ពុជា
ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះម្ហារសព្ត
CALCULATION NOTE ON THE STRUCTURAL STABILITY
PROJECT : FTNESS CENTER
TYPE : PUBLIC BUILDING
ADDRESS : 335 st, Sang kat boeng kok I, Khan Tuol kok, Phnom Penh city.
REPORTED BY : Mr. ENG Phearum
CHECKED AND APPROVED BY : Dr. CHOU Soklin
Page | 1
#70B, St.199, Tomnup Teok,
Chamkarmorn, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
1. Introduction
The verification of the structural design and analysis is conducted in order to provide
more reliabiltites on the structural stability of the building.
The detail of the building is described as followed:
Type : Public building

Dimension : 18mx20m
Height : 25.00m
2. Objective
The main purpose of this work is to verify the structural stability of the building
members such as beam, column, pilecap and retaining wall.
3. Methodology
The internal forces such as bending moment, shear and torsion are generated from the
structural modeling conducted in the commercial sofweares, Autodesk Robot
Structural Analysis and ETABS. Thes internal forces are used to design the member
size and amount of reinforcement requirement. The requirement of the member size
and reinforcement are compared with those provided in the structural drawing in order
to verify the structural stability of the building.
DESIGN OF STRUCUTRAL MEMBERS

Page | 2
1. Material
Density of material ( ASCE 7-10 page 398)

Tie :  tie  20kN / m3
Mortar :  mortar  22kN / m3
Ceiling :  ceiling  18kN / m3
Plastering :  Plastering  20kN / m2
Brick :  brick  19kN / m2
Density of soil  soil  18kN / m2
Concrete grade :
a. C35 (Cube) For slab, beam, and other horizontal members.
b. C35 (Cube) For Column, Walls, Pile cap and other vertical memebers.
Reinfrocement grade :
c. Yield strength Fy = 390MPa for main rebar (SD390MPa)
d. Yield strength Fy = 235MPa for shear, web bars, links (SD390MPa)
Steel grade :
e. Yield Strength : Fy = 235MPa (Hot-rolled steel)
f. Yiled strength : Fy = A572-50
2. Load on the structure
2.1 Gravity load
Load on the floor
a. Dead load
DLtie  22kN / m3 10mm  0.22kN / m2

DLmortar  22kN / m3  40mm  0.88kN / m2
DLceiling  18kN / m3 10mm  0.18kN / m2
DLPlastering  20kN / m3 10mm  0.2kN / m2
Total Superimposed dead load

SDL  DLtie  DLmortar  DLceiling  DLPlastering  1.50kN / m2
Page | 3
Figure 1. Superimposed dead load on the 1st floor.
Soil in garden DLsoil  18kN / m3
Figure 2. soil on garden the 1st floor.
Brick load on the beam
DLw10  19kN / m3  0.1m  (4  0.5)m  6.65kN / m
DLw20  19kN / m3  0.2m  (4  0.5)m  13.3kN / m

Page | 4
Figure 3. brick load on the beam
Figure 4. brick load on the beam
b. Live load
LL  5kN / m3 and LL  2kN / m3 (ASCE7-10 Table4.1)

Partition load depend on location of slab
Page | 5
Figure 5. live load on the slab
Figure 6. Partition on the slab
3. Element design
A B C D
Page | 6 11 15 21
4

10 05 01
Figure 7. Beam layout
a. SLAB
( La  Lb )  2
Trail method Thmin 
180
La  6m , Lb  5.5m
(6m  5.5m)  2
Thus, Thmin   128mm Take Thslab  150mm
180
Self-weigth of slab DLslab   c  Thslab  25kN / m3  0.15m  3.75kN / m 2
Page | 7
b. BEAM
b.1 Geometry design
Table 2. Mininmum depth of beam (ACI 318-14, table 9.3.1.1)
Support Minimum h
Simply supported L
16
One end continuous L
18.5
Both end continuous L
21
Cantilever L
8
Grinline_B 1st floor , Length L = 9m for one end continuous.
L 9m
Minimum depth : hmin    0.486m Take h  600mm
18.5 18.5
600mm
Width of beam : b   400mm
1.5
b.2 LIMIT STATE VERIFICATION
- Ultimate limite state
- Serviceabilty limite state
b.2.1 ULTIMATE LIMITE STATE
Follow ACI314. 9.5.11
Moment Mn  Mu
Shear Vn  Vu
Torsion Tn  Tu
Axial force  Pn  Pu
Page | 8
Fingure 10. Bending moment diagram (Envelop moment)
Figure 11.Shear force (Envelop shear diagram)
Figure 12.Axial force (Envelop axial force diagram)
Page | 9
Figure 13.Torsion moment (Envelop torsion diagram)
Calculate negative moment M u .neg  486kN .m
RC BEAM DESIGN (ACI318-2014)
In accordance with ACI318
Concrete details
Compressive strength of concrete; f c'  30 MPa
Density of reinforced concrete; wc  24kN / m3
Concrete type; Normal weight
Modulus of elasticity of concrete (cl.19.2.2.1); E  33  (wc )1.5  fc'  28343MPa
Strength reduction factor for shear; s  0.75
Nominal cover to reinforcement

Cover to top reinforcement; ctop  30mm
Cover to bottom reinforcement; cbot  30mm
Cover to side reinforcement; cside  30mm
Section 1 - BEAM
Rectangular section details
Section width; b = 400 mm
Section depth; h = 600 mm
Figure 8. beam section

Negative moment. Rectangular section in flexure (Section 9.5.2)
Factored bending moment at section; M u .neg  485kN .m

Effective depth to tension reinforcement; d = 509.0 mm
Tension reinforcement provided;
Layer 1 - 3 25mm ,
Layer 2 - 3 25mm ,
Layer 2 - 2  20mm
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As,prov = 3574 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement (cl.9.6.1.2);
 1.4 f c' 
As.min  max  ,   b  d  720mm2
 fy 4 fy 
 
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than minimum area of reinforcement
required.
Page | 10
Stress block depth factor (cl.22.2.2.4.3);



1  min max  0.85 
 f c'  28MPa   
 , 0.85   0.83
  7  
   
As , prov  f y
Depth of equivalent rectangular stress block; a   137mm
0.85  f c'  b
a 137mm
Depth to neutral axis; c    164mm
1 0.83
Net tensile strain in extreme tension fibers;  t  0.003 

 da  c   0.007
c
Net tensile strain in tension controlled zone
Strength reduction factor (cl.21.2.1);
   250  
 f  min  max  0.65   t  0.002     ,0.9    0.9
   3  
 a
Nominal moment strength; M n  As. prov  f y   d    614.2kN .m
 2
Design moment strength;  M n   f  M n  552.7kN .m
PASS - Required moment strength is less than design moment strength
Flexural cracking
Max. center to center spacing of tension reinf.; St .max  Stop  s1.t .L1  148mm
2
Service load stress in reinforcement (cl.24.3.2); f s   f y  260 N / mm 2
3
Clear cover of reinforcement; Cc  Cnom.top  v  40mm
Maximum allowable top bar spacing (Table 24.3.2);
 15in  4000 psi 12in  4000 psi 
Smax  min  ,   304mm
 f s  2.5  Cc fs 
PASS - Maximum allowable tension reinforcement spacing exceeds actual spacing.
Spacing limits for reinforcement.
Top bar clear spacing;
Page | 11
Stop 
b   2  C nom _ s  s1.v   s1.top.L1  N s1.top. L1   123mm
N s1.top.L1  1
Min. allowable top bar clear spacing (cl.25.2.1); Stop.min  25mm
Bottom bar clear spacing;
Sbot 
N s1.top.L1  1
Min. allowable bottom bar clear spacing (cl.25.2.1); Stop.min  25mm
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable.
Rectangular section in shear

Design shear force; Vu  362kN
Concrete weight modification factor;   1
Concrete shear strength (eqn. 22.5.5.1);
 
Vc  s    2 psi  f c'  b  d  138.90 kN
Reinforcement shear strength (eqn. 22.5.1.1);
Vs.max  max Vu  V ,0kips   223.10kN
Maximum reinforcement shear strength;
 f c' ,10000 psi 
Vs.max  s  8 psi  min    b  d  555.6kN
 1 psi 
Area of design shear reinf. required (eqn. 22.5.10.5.3);
Vs
Asv.des   d  1499mm 2 / m
s  min  f y , 60000 psi 
Minimum area of shear reinforcement (Table 9.6.3.3);
Asv.req 

max 50 psi, 0.75 psi  f c'   b  354mm / m 2
min  f y , 60000 psi 

Thus, Vc  Vu design reinforcement required
Area of shear reinforcement required; Asv.req  max  Asv.min , Asv.des   1499mm / m
2
Shear reinforcement provided; 3 10legs @100 c / c

Area of shear reinforcement provided; Asv.prov  2356 mm / m
2
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds area of shear reinforcement

required
d
Maximum longitudinal spacing (Table 9.7.6.2.2); Svl .max   254.5m
2
PASS - longitudinal spacing of stirrups is less than the maximum allowable.
Positive moment M u .pos  438kN .m
Page | 12
Nominal cover to reinforcement
Cover to top reinforcement; ctop  30mm
Cover to bottom reinforcement; cbot  30mm
Cover to side reinforcement; cside  30mm
Section 1 - BEAM
Rectangular section details
Section width; b = 400 mm
Section depth; h = 600 mm
Figure 12. beam section
Positive moment. Rectangular section in flexure (Section 9.5.2)

Factored bending moment at section; M u .pos  438kN .m
Effective depth to tension reinforcement; d = 509.0 mm
Tension reinforcement provided;
Layer 1 - 3 25mm ,
Layer 2 - 3 25mm ,
Layer 2 - 2  20mm
Area of tension reinforcement provided; As. prov  3574 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement (cl.9.6.1.2);
 1.4 f c' 
As.min  max  ,   b  d  720mm2
 fy 4 fy 
 
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than minimum area of reinforcement
required.
Stress block depth factor (cl.22.2.2.4.3);



1  min max  0.85 
 f c'  28MPa   
 , 0.85   0.83
  7  
   
As , prov  f y
Depth of equivalent rectangular stress block; a   137mm
0.85  f c'  b
Page | 13
a 137mm
Depth to neutral axis; c    164mm
1 0.83
Net tensile strain in extreme tension fibers;  t  0.003 

 da  c   0.007
c
Net tensile strain in tension controlled zone
Strength reduction factor (cl.21.2.1);
   250  
 f  min  max  0.65   t  0.002     ,0.9    0.9
   3  
 a
Nominal moment strength; M n  As. prov  f y   d    614.2kN .m
 2
Design moment strength;  M n   f  M n  552.7kN .m
Mn 552.7kN .m
  1.26  1
Mu 438kN .m
PASS - Required moment strength is less than design moment strength
Flexural cracking
Max. center to center spacing of tension reinf.; St .max  Stop  s1.t .L1  148mm
2
Service load stress in reinforcement (cl.24.3.2); f s   f y  260 N / mm 2
3
Clear cover of reinforcement; Cc  Cnom.top  v  40mm
Maximum allowable top bar spacing (Table 24.3.2);
 15in  4000 psi 12in  4000 psi 
Smax  min  ,   304mm
 f s  2.5  Cc fs 
PASS - Maximum allowable tension reinforcement spacing exceeds actual spacing.
Spacing limits for reinforcement.
Top bar clear spacing;
Stop 
b   2  C
nom _ s  s1.v   s1.top.L1  N s1.top. L1   123mm
N s1.top.L1  1
Min. allowable top bar clear spacing (cl.25.2.1); Stop.min  25mm
Bottom bar clear spacing;
Sbot 
N s1.top.L1  1
Min. allowable bottom bar clear spacing (cl.25.2.1); Stop.min  25mm
PASS - Actual bar spacing exceeds minimum allowable.
 Calculate torsion moment : Tu  26.97kN .m
Page | 14
In case beam subjected compatibility torsion, torsion strength of section in
(cl.22.7.7.3.2) :
2
Acp
Tth  0.083 f c
'
(cl22.7.7.3.2)
pcp
Area of section : Acp  400mm  600mm  240000mm2

Perimeter : Pcp  400mm  2  600mm  2  2000mm
Shear strength reduction :   0.75
2
Acp
 Tth  0.083 f c'  13.09kN .m
pcp
Thus, Tth  0.75 13.09kN .m  9.82kN .m
Torsion effect cannot be neglected because of : Required Torque Tu is greater than Threshold
Torque Tth .
Check adequacy of section size

- Maximum allowable stressed due to combined shear and torsion
Vu.max     0.17    .66  fc'  3.41 N / mm2
- Applied stress due to combined shear and torsion
Vu 
Vu

Tu     2.135 N / mm2
bd 1.7  Aoh2 
2 2
Thus, Vu .max  Vu : section size is adequate to carry applied stressed.
Determine required area of transverse torsional reinforcement
Tu
Ats   0.288mm2 / mm
 2  Ao  f yt  
For nonprestressed member :   45deg ree
2
For section before cracking : Tu  Tcr : Ao   Acp  160000 mm 2
3
Determine required stirrups for combined shear and Torsion :
- Required area of tranverse torsion reinforcement within spacing 100mm

At   Ats  S  28.81mm2
Page | 15
- Required area of tranverse shear reinforcement within spacing 100mm
Av   Avs.des  S  149.94 mm2
Total stirrup area of section
Asreq  At  Av  28.81mm2  149.94 mm2  178.75 mm2
- Proviced area of tranverse shear reinforcement within spacing 100mm
Number of legs : nl  3
Diameter of stirrup : s  10mm
  s2
Total proviced area of stirrup : Apvs   nl  235.62 mm2
4
Apvs
Thus,  1.32 proviced area of stirrup is greather than required area of stirrup.
Asreq
- Check minimum area of transverse reinforcement :
Minimum required area of transverse reinforcment

 S S 
Avt (min)  max  0.062  f c'  B  ,0.35  B  '   35.90 mm 2
 f yt f c 

Apvs is greater than Avt (min) :safety.
- Determine required area of longitudinal torsional reinforcement. :
 A f yt  
Al (req)   t      cot( ) 2   495.60 mm2
 S f y  
Al
Number of rebar :  2.1  2bras
  16mm 
2
Beam section detail
Page | 16
Page | 17
SHORT-TERM DEFLECTION OF FRAME(FULL LOAD)
Page | 18
II. FOUNDATION
A B C D
Figure 14. Pile-cap layout
For pile-cap PC-8 (GL : D) : Combined Pile.
Page | 19
Data from ROBOT STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 2020.
Figure 14. Reaction load ( SLS case)
For Pile-cap PC-8 subjected 2 loads from building.
1. GL(3,D)
- Live load : LL1  824kN / m 2
- Dead load : DL1  1978.95kN / m2
2. GL(2,D)
- Live load : LL2  1175.40kN / m2
- Dead load : DL2  2310.56kN / m 2
Page | 20
For Bored-Hole-1
Type Dia.  (mm) Bearing capacity of pile(kN) Depth(m)

Bored hole 1 1000 3966.86 20
Bored hole 1 800 2894 20
Bored hole 2 1000 3411 20
Bored hole 2 800 2575 20
Calculation of average of bearing capacity of pile
1. 1000 
 3966.86  3411 kN 3689kN
2
2. 800 
 2894  2575 kN  2735kN
2
Page | 21
PILE-CAP REINFORCMENT DETAIL
REFERENCES
1. Design Code
 ASCE 7-10: Minimum Design Loads for Building and other Structures -
Foundation design.
 ACI318M-14 : “Buidling Code Requirement for Sturctural Concrete”
 AINI/AISC 360-10: “Specification for Structural Steel Buildings”
 Principle of Foundation Engineering_7th by BRAJA DAS.
 Harr, M.E. (1966). Fundamentals of Theoretical Soil Mechanics, McGraw-Hill,

New York.
 Jarquio, R.(1981). “Total Lateral Surcharge Pressure Due to Strip Load,” Journal of
the Geothechnical Engineering Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.
107, No. GT10,PP. 1424-1428.
 Pressures in Soil,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geo environmental Engineering,

American Society of Civil Engineers, Vo. 131, No. 1, pp. 131-135.
 ACI-ASCE Committee 421, “Guide to Design of REinforce Two-way slab

systems”.
 BUNGALE. TARANATH, “Reinforced Concerete Design of Tall buildings”.
 Jack C. McCormac (5th), “Structural Steel Design”.
Page | 22

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ព្រះរាជាណាចព្ររម្ពុជា

ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះម្ហារសព្ត

CALCULATION NOTE ON THE STRUCTURAL STABILITY

PROJECT : FTNESS CENTER

TYPE : PUBLIC BUILDING

REPORTED BY : Mr. ENG Phearum

CHECKED AND APPROVED BY : Dr. CHOU Soklin

The detail of the building is described as followed:

Type : Public building

DESIGN OF STRUCUTRAL MEMBERS

Density of material ( ASCE 7-10 page 398)

2. Load on the structure

2.1 Gravity load

Load on the floor

DLtie  22kN / m3 10mm  0.22kN / m2

Total Superimposed dead load

Figure 1. Superimposed dead load on the 1st floor.

Soil in garden DLsoil  18kN / m3

Figure 2. soil on garden the 1st floor.

Brick load on the beam

DLw10  19kN / m3  0.1m  (4  0.5)m  6.65kN / m

DLw20  19kN / m3  0.2m  (4  0.5)m  13.3kN / m

Figure 3. brick load on the beam

Figure 4. brick load on the beam

LL  5kN / m3 and LL  2kN / m3 (ASCE7-10 Table4.1)

Figure 5. live load on the slab

Figure 6. Partition on the slab

Figure 7. Beam layout

Self-weigth of slab DLslab   c  Thslab  25kN / m3  0.15m  3.75kN / m 2

b.1 Geometry design

Table 2. Mininmum depth of beam (ACI 318-14, table 9.3.1.1)

Grinline_B 1st floor , Length L = 9m for one end continuous.

b.2 LIMIT STATE VERIFICATION

- Ultimate limite state

- Serviceabilty limite state

b.2.1 ULTIMATE LIMITE STATE

Follow ACI314. 9.5.11

Fingure 10. Bending moment diagram (Envelop moment)

Figure 11.Shear force (Envelop shear diagram)

Figure 12.Axial force (Envelop axial force diagram)

Calculate negative moment M u .neg  486kN .m

RC BEAM DESIGN (ACI318-2014)

In accordance with ACI318

Nominal cover to reinforcement

Figure 8. beam section

Factored bending moment at section; M u .neg  485kN .m

Net tensile strain in extreme tension fibers;  t  0.003 

Spacing limits for reinforcement.

Top bar clear spacing;

Rectangular section in shear

min  f y , 60000 psi 

Shear reinforcement provided; 3 10legs @100 c / c

PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds area of shear reinforcement

Positive moment M u .pos  438kN .m

Positive moment. Rectangular section in flexure (Section 9.5.2)

Net tensile strain in extreme tension fibers;  t  0.003 

Spacing limits for reinforcement.

Top bar clear spacing;

 Calculate torsion moment : Tu  26.97kN .m

Area of section : Acp  400mm  600mm  240000mm2

Thus, Tth  0.75 13.09kN .m  9.82kN .m

Check adequacy of section size

Vu.max     0.17    .66  fc'  3.41 N / mm2