PS-1 ASSIGNMENT

PROJECT ON OPERATION OF POWERGRID

SUBSTATIONS FROM REMOTE CONTROL CENTER
(N.T.A.M.C) AND MAINTENANCE PLANNING BASED
ON DATA ACQUISITION.

SUB TOPICS:

1)SCADA
2)DATA ACQUSITION

MADE BY:
AMAN GUPTA
2017AAPS0405G
PROJECT ON OPERATION OF POWERGRID SUBSTATIONS FROM REMOTE
CONTROL CENTER (N.T.A.M.C) AND MAINTENANCE PLANNING BASED ON
DATA ACQUISITION.

This project is aimed at centralized remote operation of PowerGrid Transmission

System from a single point (N.T.A.M.C) with fully automated remote-controlled
substations.

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

The SCADA subsystem is the heart of for remote operation of POWERGRID

substation. It hosts all the SCADA & EMS databases, carries out the SCADA
processing, feeds the data historian server, sends the data to the operator consoles
etc. The SCADA/EMS functions viz. Data Acquisition, Data processing, Alarm, Real
Time Data Storage and Playback, Supervisory Control are implemented in the
SCADA/EMS servers.

The SCADA subsystem gathers real-time data from the RTU/substation gateways
and other communication sources in the field and enables the control of field devices
from operator consoles.

Four primary functions are performed by SCADA:

Database Management: The SCADA database is divided into three main

subsections: RTU structure, communication structure and substation structure.
These separate structures provide flexibility in the manner in which the system is
modelled. For example, substations with no RTU’s are easily accommodated since
the station structure is not built around RTU’s.

User Interface: Via the use of e-terra (software), the SCADA user interface provides
full-graphical views of system data via a local area network, corporate intranet, or the
Internet.

Data Acquisition & Processing: Real-time data is obtained from the field RTUs (via
the Front-End servers), other control sites and applications within the SCADA.

Supervisory Control: Control commands may be issued through operator displays.

All control conditions are systematically checked before sending a control to an RTU
or another site i.e. issuer permission, area of responsibility, RTU availability,
control/status point availability, tagged status, etc.

In POWERGRID, the main aims of the SCADA system is:

• To monitor all power system parameters
• To do supervisory controls of equipment
• Visual monitoring of the substation switchyard and its equipment’s.

Main subsystems for the project:

• SCADA/EMS systems at Control Centre.
• RTU / BCUs/Protocol converters at sub-stations.
 • Adaptation work at site to enable the substation to control from remote end.
• Remote Accessibility and Automated Fault Analysis systems.
• Visual Monitoring System including Access Control System.
• Voice over Internet Protocol System
• Cyber Security System

The backbone communication network (Optical Fiber) is provided by POWERGRID

and is based on MPLS technology.

Depending upon the type of adaptation work to be carried out, POWERGRID

Substations are categorized as follows:

CAT-1: Conventional Substations (No automation at substations – No SCADA)

CAT-2: Remote Operated Substations (Conventional substations in which minimum

automation was done at substation to send the data through RTU to operate the
substation from remote end)

CAT-3: SAS based substations (New substation having BCUs and having in built
facility to operate the substation from remote, minimum adaptation work required)

CAT-4: HVDC Stations (only for monitoring purpose)

DATA ACQUISITION

Data Flow from substations to Control Centre:

 Data collected from substations with the help of BCUs (Bay Control Unit)
 Data collected by BCUs processed at substation level on IEC 61850 protocol
in local SCADA
 The data available on IEC 61850 protocol then converted in IEC 60870-5-104
protocol (by protocol converter called gateway) to transmit the same to control
centre through MPLS network
 At control centre, data is being processed by Control Centre SCADA and
various functions such as Data Acquisition, Data processing, Alarm, Real
Time Data Storage and Playback, Supervisory Control are implemented in the
SCADA/EMS servers.
 Data historian stores any user-defined data and events into the historic
database such as Real time database snapshot, Analog values with quality
flags, Status of points with quality flags, Alarms, SOE data etc.
 Monitoring of the power system and supervisory control is being done by
operators at control centre with the help of operator consol.
 The daily, monthly, yearly reports and trend analysis are generated with the
help of data stored in data historian.