How to Write a Quality

Technical Paper
and Where to Publish
within IEEE

Keynote Speaker, Prof. Saifur Rahman

Joseph R. Loring Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Director, Advanced Research Institute
Virginia Tech, United States

Speaker
Rachel Berrington
Director of IEEE Client Services
IEEE

IEEE Confidential
Topics and Speakers
How to Write a Quality Technical Paper and Where to Publish
within IEEE
Keynote Speaker, Prof. Saifur Rahman
Joseph R. Loring Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Director, Advanced Research Institute
Virginia Tech, United States

Next Steps: IEEE Xplore® and other author tools

Rachel Berrington
Director of IEEE Client Services
IEEE

IEEE Confidential
About the IEEE

World’s largest technical membership association with over 430,000

members in over 160 countries
Not for profit organization dedicated to
“Advancing Technology For Humanity”
Four core areas of activity
– Membership organization
– Conferences organizer
– Standards developer
– Leading publisher

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IEEE members and authors are the
leaders of today & tomorrow

Thomas Kailath Gordon Moore Morris Change

IEEE Medal of Honor
2007
Algorithms for credit card
processing, text messaging &
video cell phones
IEEE Medal of Honor IEEE Medal of Honor 2011
2008
CEO Taiwan Semiconductor Mftg
Leadership in
semiconductor industry, co-founder Intel

John Hennessy Irwin Jacobs B. Jayant Baliga

IEEE Medal of Honor 2012 IEEE Medal of Honor 2013 IEEE Medal of Honor 2013
President, Stanford University Co-founder, Qualcomm, Inc Transformed Power Semiconductors

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What we do
Publish the top-cited science and technology research in the
field, most notably our journals, conferences and standards
– Publish 170 journals, transactions and magazines
– Sponsor more than 1,300 annual conferences worldwide
– Leading developer of nearly 1,500 industry standards in a broad range
of technologies
– More than 3.5 million documents in the IEEE Xplore Digital Library,
with more than 8 million downloads each month
– Over 300 IEEE educational online learning courses, plus IEEE English
for Engineering
– Publish technical books in all the fields served by IEEE

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Mission statement
IEEE's core purpose is to foster
technological innovation and excellence
for the benefit of humanity.

Many programs, projects, and initiatives

that IEEE has in place support this mission,
including IEEE Authorship Workshops.

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Why we are here today
Support the IEEE mission of advancing
technology and dissemination of
information
– Enhance the ability of engineers, faculty,
researchers, authors, and industry
professionals to develop high quality
scholarly research papers
– Help advance the careers of engineers
and researchers by enabling them to get
published
– Help authors share and disseminate
critical information and emerging
innovations with a global community
– Help authors select the best outlet for
their research by choosing the right
quality journal in their field

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Last 10 years of IEEE publishing in
India

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 IEEE quality
makes an impact

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IEEE quality makes an impact
Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports® by Impact Factor

IEEE publishes:

19 of the top 20 journals in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

18 of the top 20 journals in Telecommunications
7 of the top 10 journals in Automation & Control Systems

6 of the top 10 journals in Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture

4 of the top 5 journals in Cybernetics
3 of the top 5 journals in Artificial Intelligence

2 of the top 5 journals in Robotics

The Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports presents quantifiable statistical data
that provides a systematic, objective way to evaluate the world’s leading journals.

Based on the 2013 study released June 2014

More info: www.ieee.org/citations

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IEEE quality makes an impact
Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports® by Impact Factor

IEEE journals are:

# 1 in Automation and Control

# 1 in Computer Hardware
# 1 in Cybernetics
# 1 in Electrical Engineering
# 1 in Industrial Engineering
# 1 in Manufacturing Engineering
# 1 in Robotics
# 1 in Telecommunications
# 2 in Aerospace
# 2 in Information Systems The Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports presents
quantifiable statistical data that provides a systematic,
# 2 in Imaging Science objective way to evaluate the world’s leading journals.

Based on the 2013 study released June 2014

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IEEE Leads in Patent Citations

Top 20 Publishers Referenced Most Frequently by Top 40 Patenting Organizations

IEEE is cited over 3x

more often than any
other publisher

Source: 1790 Analytics LLC 2014. Based on number of references to papers/standards/conferences from 1997–2013.

More info: www.ieee.org/patentcitations

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The IEEE conference
collection continues to grow
Now over 1,300 annual conferences. Over 2.3 million total papers.

1300+

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The world benefits from
IEEE’s impact

Maximize discoverability by
publishing with IEEE

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The world’s most successful technology
organizations rely on IEEE information

Technology Universities Government

Companies
7 out of top 10
• Defense research and
• • All of the top 100
Telecommunications companies aerospace agencies
engineering schools in US
• 24 out of top 25 Semiconductor • Communications and energy labs
• 49 of the Top 50 Technical
companies • Patent offices and scientific
Universities Worldwide
• Top 10 Aerospace companies councils
• 9 of top 10 Auto & Truck • Government R&D centers in
Manufacturers
North America, Europe, Asia
• 9 of top 10 Communications and the Middle East
Equipment companies
• 4 of top 5 Electronics companies
• 4 of top 5 Computer Hardware
(US News and World Report 2013,
(Study based on 2012) Times Higher
(Forbes Global 2000 Rankings, June 2014)
Education Top Technology Universities)

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Maximize Discoverability with IEEE
Now, over 8 million downloads per month from IEEE Xplore
from over 3 million unique users
Average PDF Downloads Per Month

8,000,000

7,000,000

6,000,000
PDF
5,000,000
Average
Per Month
4,000,000

3,000,000

2,000,000

1,000,000

-
Partial 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2001

Source: IEEE Xplore Internal Usage Stats

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Today’s Author Workshop
Topics Covered
Choices

1. Publishing choices Audience

2. Choose an Audience Structure

3. Paper Structure
Ethics
4. Ethics
Publish
5. Where to Publish
6. Open Access Open Access

7. Impact Factor Impact Factor

8. Next Steps
Next Steps

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Choices

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Publish
IEEE journal or IEEE conference?

• A journal article is a fully developed presentation of your

work and its final findings
• Original research results presented
• Clear conclusions are made and supported by the data
• A conference article can be written while research is ongoing
• Can present preliminary results or highlight recent work
• Gain informal feedback to use in your research
• Conference articles are typically shorter than journal articles,
with less detail and fewer references

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Publish
IEEE journal or IEEE conference?
IEEE Journals
• IEEE journals are cited 3
times more often in patent
applications than other
PRO leading publisher’s journals
• A high percentage of
articles submitted to
any professional
CON publication are rejected
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IEEE Conferences
• IEEE Conference
proceedings are recognized
worldwide as the most vital
collection of consolidated
published articles in EE,
computer science, related
fields
• Per IEEE Policy, if you do
not present your article at
a conference, it may be
suppressed in IEEE Xplore
and not indexed in other
databases
 Publish
Finding the right IEEE publication
or IEEE conference

IEEE has 170 unique publications

covering a wide range of technical areas

• Review the journal listings

• Who reads it IEEE publishes 1,200+ leading-edge
• What they publish conference proceedings every year
• What kinds of articles
they want
• Review the conference calendar
• Find a good match for your research
subject matter
• Ensure you are available to present

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Next Topic
“Writing for your Audience”

Let me introduce our next speaker

to take you through the rest of our
agenda…

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Keynote Speaker,
Saifur Rahman, Ph.D.
Professor and Director
Virginia Tech Advanced Research Institute

Education
Ph.D., Electrical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1978.
M.S., Electrical Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1975.
B.Sc., Electrical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, 1972

Professional Society Activities

 IEEE Member since 1974, Fellow 1998

 Vice president, Publications, IEEE PES, 2001-2003
 Vice President, Publications, IEEE, 2006
 Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2010-2012
 Vice President, Publications, IEEE PES Publications Board, 2012-2013
 Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Electrifications Magazine, 2013-2014
 Launched, the IEEE Power & Energy Technology Systems Journal (Open Access), 2014

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Audience

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 Audience
Basic Questions

1. Are you writing this paper for the

sake of writing a paper?

2. Or do you want to make a difference

in your technical community?

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Audience
Scientific research publishing

• Who writes scientific papers?

• Whoever solves a new and
important problem in their field
• Engineers, scientists, educators
and researchers from:
 Corporations
 Academia
 Government
• Students typically write and
present conference papers before
submitting journal articles

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Audience
What IEEE editors and
reviewers are looking for

• Content that is appropriate, in scope and level,

for the journal
• Clearly written original material that addresses a new
and important problem
• Valid methods and rationale
• Conclusions that make sense
• Illustrations, tables and graphs that support the text
• References that are current and relevant to the subject

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Audience
Why IEEE editors and reviewers
reject papers

• The content is not a good fit for the publication

• There are serious scientific flaws:
• Inconclusive results or incorrect interpretation
• Fraudulent research
• It is poorly written
• It does not address a big enough problem
or advance the scientific field
• The work was previously published
• The quality is not good enough for the journal
• Reviewers have misunderstood the article

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Structure

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Paper Structure
Elements of a manuscript
Title

Abstract

Keywords

Introduction

Methodology

Results/Discussions/Findings

Conclusion

References

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Paper Structure
Title

An effective title should… Good

•Answer the reader’s question: Title
“Is this article relevant to me?”
•Grab the reader’s attention VS.
•Describe the content of a paper
using the fewest possible words Bad
• Is crisp, concise
Title
• Uses keywords
• Avoids jargon

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Paper Structure
Good vs. Bad Title

A Human Expert-based Approach to

Electrical Peak Demand Management

VS

A better approach of managing

environmental and energy sustainability via
a study of different methods of electric load
forecasting
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 Paper Structure
Abstract
What you did
A “stand alone” condensed
version of the article
•No more than 250 words; Why you did it
written in
the past tense
•Uses keywords
How the results
and index terms were useful,
important & move
the field forward
Why they’re useful & important
& move the field forward

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Paper Structure
Good vs. Bad Abstract
The objective of this paper was to propose a human expert-based approach to electrical peak demand
management. The proposed approach helped to allocate demand curtailments (MW) among
distribution substations (DS) or feeders in an electric utility service area based on requirements of the
central load dispatch center. Demand curtailment allocation was quantified taking into account
demand response (DR) potential and load curtailment priority of each DS, which can be determined
using DS loading level, capacity of each DS, customer types (residential/commercial) and load
categories (deployable, interruptible or critical). Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to model a
complex decision-making process according to both expert inputs and objective parameters.
Simulation case studies were conducted to demonstrate how the proposed approach can be
implemented to perform DR using real-world data from an electric utility. Simulation results
demonstrated that the proposed approach is capable of achieving realistic demand curtailment
allocations among different DSs to meet the peak load reduction requirements at the utility level.

Vs
This paper presents and assesses a framework for an engineering capstone design program. We
explain how student preparation, project selection, and instructor mentorship are the three key
elements that must be addressed before the capstone experience is ready for the students. Next,
we describe a way to administer and execute the capstone design experience including design
workshops and lead engineers. We describe the importance in assessing the capstone design
experience and report recent assessment results of our framework. We comment specifically on
what students thought were the most important aspects of their experience in engineering capstone
design and provide quantitative insight into what parts of the framework are most important.

First person, present tense

No actual results, only describes the organization of the paper

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Paper Structure
Keywords
Logical
Use in the Title and
Abstract for enhanced
Search Engine Optimization Appropriate

Applicable

Specific

Searchable

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Paper Structure
Introduction

• A description of the problem you researched

• It should move step by step through:

Generally Prior studies’ Your

known historical hypothesis and How the article
information context to an overview is organized
about the topic your research of the results

• The introduction should not be

• Too broad or vague
• More then 2 pages
• Written in the present tense

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Paper Structure
Methodology

• Problem formulation and the processes used to solve the

problem, prove or disprove the hypothesis
• Use illustrations to clarify ideas, support conclusions:

Tables Graphs
Present representative data Show relationships
or when exact values are between data points
important to show or trends in data

Figures
Quickly show ideas/conclusions
that would require detailed
explanations

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Paper Structure
Results/Discussion
Results
Demonstrate that you
solved the problem or
made significant advances

Discussion
Results: Summarized Data
• Should be clear and concise
• Use figures or tables with narrative
to illustrate findings

Discussion: Interprets the Results

• Why your research offers
a new solution
• Acknowledge any limitations

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Paper Structure
Conclusion

• Explain what the research has achieved

• As it relates to the problem stated
in the Introduction
• Revisit the key points in each section
• Include a summary of the main findings,
important conclusions and implications
for the field
• Provide benefits and shortcomings of:
• The solution presented
• Your research and methodology
• Suggest future areas for research

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Paper Structure
References

• Support and validate the

hypothesis your research
proves, disproves or resolves
• There is no limit to the
number of references
• But use only those that directly
support our work
• Ensure proper author Properly
attribution cited material

• Author name, article title,

publication name, publisher,
year published, volume,
chapter and page number
• IEEE journals generally follow
a citation numbering system

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Ethics

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Ethics
Types of misconduct

Conflict of Interest Author Attribution

• A financial or other relationship • Must be given if you use another

with the publication at odds with author’s ideas in your article, even
the unbiased presentation of if you do not directly quote a source
data or analysis
Author involvement/
Plagiarism contributions

• Copying another person’s work
word for word or paraphrasing
without proper citation
• Include any and all who have made
a substantial intellectual contribution
to the work
• Do not include minor
contributors

IEEE Confidential
Ethics
Ethical publishing

Plagiarism

• Avoid plagiarism
• Cite and separate any verbatim copied
material
• Paraphrase reused text properly, and include
citation
Refer to our Tips Sheet
• Credit any reused ideas http://www.ieee.org/public
ations_standards/publicatio
• Familiarize yourself with IEEE Policies
ns/authors/plagiarism_and_
multiple_submissions.pdf

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Ethics
Ethical publishing
Duplication, Redundancies &
Multiple Submissions

• Author must submit original work that:

• Has not appeared elsewhere for publication
• Is not under review for another refereed
publication
• Cites previous work
Refer to our Tips Sheet
• Indicates how it differs from the previously http://www.ieee.org/public
ations_standards/publicatio
published work ns/authors/plagiarism_and_
multiple_submissions.pdf
• Authors MUST also inform the editor when
submitting any previously published work

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Where to
Publish?

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Types

Traditional Journals –
Users/Libraries pay for access

Open Access Journals –

Author pays, free download

Hybrid Journals –
Most articles are traditional, some
are open access (author preference)

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Open Access
Publications

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Next Steps
Open Access Opportunity for IEEE
Authors (Author pay model)
• IEEE provides 3 open access
publishing options to meet the
varying needs of authors
throughout their careers:
• New multidisciplinary mega
journal
• Over 100+ Hybrid journals
• Fully open access topical
journals
More Information http://open.ieee.org/

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Topical Journal

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Impact
Factor

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Are we depending too heavily
on Impact Factors?

There is more than one type

of Impact Factor

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Impact Factor from Journal Citation Reports

IEEE
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An Alternative Impact Factor

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Impact Factor is not enough of a metric

• Journal’s reputation in the community

is important

• For new and lesser known journals –

look at the editorial board, their
reputation

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Other ways of judging a journal’s
value to the engineering community

1. Number of Downloads (IEEE uses

this information for revenue distribution)

2. Patent Citations (Available from

IEEE)

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Next Steps

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Next Steps: IEEE Xplore® and
other author tools

Rachel Berrington
Director, IEEE Client Services

IEEE Authorship Workshops 2014

IEEE Confidential
Prepare
First Steps
Your research problem
must contribute new
and important
knowledge to your field
 Conduct a Literature Review
 Take Notes & Keep Track
 Gather References & Citations
 Draft an Outline

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Tools to start your literature
review

Full-text databases
– IEEE Xplore®
– Other relevant scientific publishers

Abstracting and Indexing databases

For more resources, contact your

institution’s library

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Current IEEE content on IEEE Xplore®

3.7 full-text documents and growing

– About 25k new documents added monthly
– Xplore updated daily
160+ IEEE journals & magazines
1,200+ annual IEEE conferences
2,500+ active and archived IEEE standards
Backfile to 1988 with select legacy content back to
1872
Access to search, abstracts and personal accounts
are free to guests. Full-text requires a subscription

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org
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Getting started

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Start simply

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Then narrow, or refine

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From 3602 to 32

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Re-sort your results to find new or
highly-cited papers

68 8/20/2014 IEEE Confidential

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 Most cited – by papers or patents

69 8/20/2014 IEEE Confidential

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Once you know key authors

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Just find articles by that person

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Or filter keyword searches

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Helpful Tips on searching IEEE
Xplore®
Target specific publications once you’ve
found the right focus
Use “Advanced Search” or “Command
Search” for multi-field or more complex
searches
– Full-text search
– Boolean operators
– Phrase nesting
Use a personal account to stay organized
while doing literature searches
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 Prepare
First Steps

 Conduct a Literature Review

 Take Notes & Keep Track
 Gather References & Citations
 Draft an Outline

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Create a free personal account

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 3-click process –
just fill out your
First Name, Last
Name, email
address, password
and two security
questions.

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 Personal account benefits
Search Preferences: Designate what you want to search and how you want
your search results displayed in IEEE Xplore by setting search preferences.

Search History: Search history allows you to record your 50 most recent
searches for later viewing and create more complex searches by combining
searches. Turn on the search history recording feature in your preferences.

Saved Search Alerts: Stay up-to-date with the latest research by saving your
search. IEEE will notify you when new articles of interest are available.

My Projects: Create personal project folders to keep documents organized by

project or topic within IEEE Xplore. Save documents to an unlimited number of
folders, personalize with project descriptions, and add notes and tags to
individual articles as you save them to project folders.

Table of Contents Alerts: Sign up to receive an email when a new journal or

magazine in your area of interest has been posted online with a link to the Table
of Contents.

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Keep track: Search History

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Re-run or combine searches

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Stay current: Saved Search Alerts

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Keep papers organized: My Projects

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Create folders and tag papers

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Browse My Projects by Project or Tags

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Keep Current: Table of Contents Alerts

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 Prepare
First Steps

 Conduct a Literature Review

 Take Notes & Keep Track
 Gather References & Citations
 Draft an Outline

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Two ways to use references and
citations
One paper’s reference list can be a
gateway to a second set of relevant
articles during your literature search
You will need to cite references in your
paper to support your research

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Find references on Abstract Pages

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Third-party citation metrics

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Citation map

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References/Citing Documents

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Download citations from results
page

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Choose your format

Plain text
BibTex
Refworks
Endnote, ProCite,
RefMan

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Or Download to CSV/Excel

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Questions about searching IEEE Xplore® ?
Visit www.ieee.org/go/clientservices

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Prepare
Final Steps
Find the right
publication and submit
your paper

 Identify relevant journals

 Browse conference calls for papers
 Submit your paper

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Choose
Find periodicals in IEEE Xplore®

Search on your
area of research
to identify the
top journals or
conferences

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 Choose
Find periodicals in IEEE Xplore®

Browse by Title
or Topic to find
the periodical
that’s right for
your research

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Prepare
Final Steps
Find the right
publication and submit
your paper

 Identify relevant journals

 Browse conference calls for
papers
 Submit your paper

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 Finding Conference Calls for
Papers

http://www.ieee.org/conferences_events/index.html
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Prepare
Final Steps
Find the right
publication and submit
your paper

 Identify relevant journals

 Browse conference calls for papers
 Submit your paper

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Submit
Journal paper submission is easy
through IEEE Xplore®

Click “Submit a
Manuscript” Follow the prompts
to set up an account

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Submit
To submit an article, follow the
on-screen directions
1 Type, Title 2 Attributes /
& Abstract Keywords

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Submit
Use conference site (not IEEE
Xplore) to submit to a conference

For complete information,

see the Call for Papers for
the conference in question.

Each IEEE sponsored

conference has its own
requirements for publishing.

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Throughout the process…Refer here early
and often – Author Digital Toolbox

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IEEE Author Guide Always Available

• Authors learn how

to prepare, write,
and submit quality
technical articles.

• Can be
downloaded

• Includes
embedded links to For more information or to
download: http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/auth
information, forms, ors/publishing_benefits/index.html?WT.mc_id=pb_ben_pub

etc.

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Key sites to remember

IEEE Author Tools

http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publicati
ons/authors/author_tools.html
IEEE Conference Search and Calls for Papers:
http://www.ieee.org/conferences_events/index.html
IEEE Xplore: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org
IEEE Xplore information, training and tools:
http://www.ieee.org/go/clientservices
IEEE Journal Citation reports:
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publicati
ons/journmag/journalcitations.html

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Hundreds of others ONLINE …

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 Thank You
For more information, visit
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/
publications/authors/author_tools.html

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