1. Distinguish between CPM and PERT.

1.
CPM
1. It is used for repetitive jobs.
2. It is a deterministic model.
3. It is activity-oriented
4. It does not incorporate statistical analysis
5. It has only one time estimate
6.It is employed in construction and
business problems
PERT
It is used for non-repetitive jobs.
It is a probabilistic model.
It is event-oriented
It incorporate statistical analysis
It has three time estimates.
It is applied for planning and scheduling
research programmes.

2. Write the rules for network construction.

2. 1. Each activity is represented by one and only one arrow. 2. No two activities are
identified by same end nodes. 3. Arrows should be kept straight and not curved or bent. 4.
Nodes are numbered to identify an activity uniquely. Tail node should be lower than the
head node of an activity. 5. The logical sequence between activities must follow the
following rules: i) An event cannot occur until all the incoming activities into it have been
completed. ii) An activity cannot start unless all the preceding activities on which it
depends, have been completed. iii) Dummy activities should only be introduced if
necessary.

3. Draw a network diagram for the following data :

Activity A B C D E F G
Immediate predecessors None A A B, C C D E, F

3.

5M

4. Draw the network diagram and find the critical path and three types of floats for the
following data:

Job(i , j) 1–2 1–3 2–4 3–4 3–5 4–5 4–6 5–6

Duration(days) 6 5 10 3 4 6 2 9

4.

Activity Duration Start time Finish time Total Free Indep.

 Earliest Latest Earliest Latest float Float Float
1-2 6 0 0 6 6 0 0 0
1-3 5 0 8 5 13 8 0 0
2-4 10 6 6 16 16 0 0 0
3-4 3 5 13 8 16 8 8 0
3-5 4 5 18 9 22 13 13 5
4-5 6 16 16 22 22 0 0 0
4-6 2 16 29 18 31 13 13 13
5-6 9 22 22 31 31 0 0 0
The critical path is 1→2→4→5→6 and project duration is 31 days.

5. Calculate the critical path, project duration and total float for each activity when time, in
days, of each task is as follows:

Task 0-1 1-2 1-3 2-4 2-5 3-4 3-6 4 -7 5 -7 6 -7

Time 2 8 10 6 3 3 7 5 2 8

5. 2 ● ●5

0● ●1 4 ● ●7

3 ● ●6
ES0 = 0, ES1 = 2, ES2 = 10, ES3 = 12, ES4 = 16, ES5 = 13, ES6 = 19, ES7 = 27.
LF0 = 0, LF1 = 2, LF2 = 16, LF3 = 12, LF4 = 22, LF5 = 25, LF6 = 19, LF7 = 27.
The critical path is 0→1→3→6→7 and project duration is 27 days.
Activity 0 – 1 1 – 2 1 – 3 2 – 4 2 – 5 3 – 4 3 – 6 4 – 7 5 – 7 6 – 7
T.Float 0 6 0 6 12 7 0 6 12 0

6. Calculate expected duration and variances of each activity for the following data:
Activity ( i , j ) 1-2 1-3 2-4 3-4 4-5 3-5
Least time (days) 2 9 5 2 6 8
Most likely time (days) 5 12 14 5 6 17
Greatest time (days) 14 15 17 8 12 20
6.

+ +
Activity ( i , j ) to tm tp = =
 1-2 2 5 14 6 4
1-3 9 12 15 12 1
2-4 5 14 17 13 4
3-4 2 5 8 5 1
4-5 6 6 12 7 1
3-5 8 17 20 16 4

7. A project consists of the following activities and time estimates:

Activity ( i , j ) 1-2 1-3 1-4 2-5 3-5 4-6 5-6

Least time (days) 5 1 2 3 1 2 1
Most likely time (days) 6 1 4 6 1 2 4
Greatest time (days) 7 7 12 15 1 8 7

i) Draw the network diagram ii) Calculate expected duration and variances of each activity
iii) What is the probability that the project will be completed within 22 days?

7.
Activity ( i , j ) 1-2 1-3 1-4 2-5 3-5 4-6 5-6
te 6 2 5 7 1 3 4
σ2 1 4 0 1 1

Critical path -- 1→2→5→6

Project duration = 17 days and Project variance =
Probability of completing the project in 22 days = 98.64%

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