CHURCH ARCHITECTURE  VIGA N CHURCH, Ilocos Sur

 finished in 1800
CHURCH ARCHITECTURE
 simple, patterned after early Christian types; either
rectangular or cruciform with simple naves and aisles
 thick walls reinforced with heavy buttresses for ear thquakes
protection
 immense sizes because of colonial policy which dictated that
a church should be built for every 5000 baptized
 materials used include: volcanic tuff (adobe), har dened lava,
volcanic ejecta, sandstone, river boulders, clay, corals,
limestone, oyster shells, eggs
 located within the grid iron planned streets
of a colonial town
 baroque elements include protr uding
columns and solid frames; three arched
doorways leading to three naves at the first
level, guarded by ionic pillars with chinese
fu dogs
 urn-like finial at pediment

SIGNIFICA NT EXA MPLES

 PAOAY CHURCH, Ilocos Norte
 built in 1694 by Antonio Estavillo, completed
1702-1710
 façade: rectangular, with arched doorway, four
continuous pilasters alter nating with niches
 finials and crenellations at pediment niche at the
apex
 huge volutes with low relief li nes tracing the contour  SA NTA MARIA CHURCH, Ilocos Sur
to disguise the lar ge buttresses  constructed late 18th century, 85 steps
leading to the church was built by
Augustinian Benigno Fer nandez
 massive brick church perched on a hill
 façade has circular buttresses, three
openings and a blind niche, semi-circular
pediment
 TUMA UINI CHURCH, Isabela
 begun 1783-1788 by Dominican Domingo Forto
and town mayor Pablo Sason; 1803-1808 – circular
belltower was completed
 pampango artisans car ved the hardwood molds
for the clay insets that decorate the church
 ultra-baroque : unique for its extensive use of
baked clay both for wall finishes and or namentation
 ornamental details : serpentine reliefs, spiral
curves, flowers, foliage, sunfaces, cherubs and
saints
 circular belltower with white limestone finish,
decorated with bright red clay rosettes and festoons
 ANGA T CHURCH, Bulacan
 begun 1756-1773 by Augustinian Gregor io Giner;
completed in 1802 by Fray Joaquin Calvo
 baroque style : coupled Corinthian and Doric
columns divide façade into levels or segments,
statues ringed with wreath-like or naments flank
niches, windows with bas-relief “curtains”
 plain three-storey belltower with balustered top
 BARASOAIN CHURCH, Bulacan
 1871-1878 : stone church was constr ucted
to replace w ooden str ucture; 1880 –
earthquake r uined the church
 1885 : Augustinian Juan Gir on
commissioned a builder named Magpayo to
rebuild the church
 variation on the circle mot if
 flutings on pilasters with ends blunted into
semicircles detract from the NeoClassical
 belltower has a cubic base, three layes
accented by blind and open windows, top
has crenellations and six-sided cone
 SA N SEBASTIA N CHURCH, Manila
 a church built for all times after previous churches
were damaged by earthquakes in 1863 and 1880
 designed in the Gothic style (without flying
buttresses) by Genaro Palacios in Revivalist
architecture
 made entirely of steel; plans were sent to Bel gium
where the parts were made in sections then
transpor ted to Manila
 interiors were painted to resemble faux marble;
adorned with sculpture by Eusebio Garcia and
painting by Lorenzo Rocha
 SA N A UGUSTIN CHURCH, Manila
 oldest church in the Philippines; built 1587-1607
by Juan Macias accor ding to the plans approved by
the Royal Audencia de Mexico and by a Royal Cedula
 1854 : Don Luciano Oliver (Municipal Architect of
Manila) directed the renovation of the façade by
adding to the height of the towers; these
towers were damaged in the 1863
earthquake and were never rebuilt
 plaza adorned with Fu dogs represents
colonial urban planning
 High Renaissance : superpositioned T uscan
orders at first level, Corinthian capitals at
second level; circular windows at plain
pediment; heavily carved, two-paneled main
door with images of St. Augustine and St.
Monica amidst Philippine flora
 nave is flanked by 12 collateral chapels each
housing a Baroque or NeoClassic retablo
 Baroque elements include trompe l’oeil :
sculpture by Italian artists Cesare Dibella
and Giovanni Alberoni on the ceiling and
pilasters
 cloisters built around an atrium with a
garden planted by Augustinian botaninst
Manuel Blanco
 TAAL CHURCH, Batangas
 1858 : Fray Marcos Anton, with the help of the
architect Don Luciano Oliver, started construction;
the church was completed in 1878
 built on top of a hill and may be reached through
flagstone steps, unobstructed by other buildings
 façade : arched windows alter nate with Ionic
columns at first level, Corinthian at upper level;
projected cornices and mouldings; three pediments
 interior is cavernous bur drab with stout piers and
semi-circular apse : mathematical exactness rather
than ornamentation

 MIA GA O CHURCH, Iloilo

 present church was built 1786-1797 under
the supervision of fray Francisco Gonzales
Maximo; a storey was added to the left
belfry in 1830
 also served as fortress against Muslim
pirates, simple and massive structure mixed
with or nate details
 local botanical motifs at façade reliefs
reminiscent of cookie cutouts (de gajeta),
used to describe 16th century Mexican
architectural reliefs

 DARA GA CHURCH, Albay

 established by people w ho fled the eruption of Mt.
Mayon form Cagsawa
 the Franciscan wanted a church with the best
features of Romanesque and Gothic, but it was
executed by the carvers in Baroque
 façade : a whole tablet without columns and
cornices, only symmetrically positioned
fenestrations, apertures and niches; w horls, twisted
columns, foliage, medallions, statues and reliefs
 SA NTO NINO DE CEBU BASILICA, Cebu
 built by Fray Juan de Albarran about 400 years
ago, on the site w here a soldier found an image of
the Sto. Nino in a settlement that the Spanish
soldiers have burned down
 the Convent was founded in 1565, making it the first
to be built in the countr y
 constructed with stones from Panay and Capiz
 façade : blending of Moorish, Romanesque and
NeoClassical elements; trefoils on the doorways; two
levels divided into three segments and topped by
pediment; retablo at the center
 belltower has four-sided balustraded dome
 interior : pierced screen with floral motifs, pineapple
decors at the choirloft, corn cobs at the capital