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Research Proposal Manalo 1
Research Proposal Manalo 1
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to make trap out of okra mucilage. The
significance of this will help the community to use an affordable and cheaper price. The
researcher used okra as the main component.
“It plays a vital role to preserve our health. In recent times, the use of herbal
products has increased tremendously in the western world as well as developed
countries.” (Kumar, et.al, 2013)
The okra was boiled then grinded and was put on the plastic cover. The
cockroaches, was also put on top of the okra and was labeled as set-up A, on the other
hand, set-up B was a cockroach trap with cockroach on top of it. Each set-up received
five cockroaches.
Two trials were done in set-up A, using t-test for independent means, the t- value
was 0.079, the degree of freedom was 2 and the critical value was 4.30. The critical value
was higher than the t-value which is 0.079, this means that the accepted hypothesis was
null and the rejected hypothesis was alternative, which means that there is no significant
difference between the set-ups.
The researcher recommended the future researcher to monitor every hour if the
cockroaches escaped the trap for accurate data. The researcher also recommended the
future researcher to use more okra and put more than 3 cups of water when boiling. Make
sure while catching cockroaches, wear gloves to not infect any parts of the body. It is
recommended to use correct materials.
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Acknowledgement
First, the researcher would like to thank God, for giving the researcher
intelligence, knowledge and ability to finish her research paper. And for giving the
Second, the researcher would also like to thank her parents for supporting her
Third, the researcher would like to thank her teacher in this subject, Ma’am Sarah
Jane Detruz, for helping the researcher finish the research on time and for giving advices
to the researcher.
And lastly, the researcher would to thank her friends, for helping the researcher to
finish the researcher and whenever the researcher asks question, the researcher’s friends
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Table of Contents
Title Page i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi
Introduction 1
Background of the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 1
Hypothesis 2
Significance of the Study 2
Scope and Delimitations 3
Definition of Terms 3
Conceptual Framework 3
Review of Related Literature 4
Methodology 8
Research Design 8
Source of Materials 8
Location of the Study 8
Process 8
Data Analysis 9
Research Methodology Flowchart 10
Results and Discussions 14
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation 17
Bibliography 19
iv
List of Figures
Figure 1: Cardboard with Plastic Cover 10
Figure 2: Boiling of Okra 10
Figure 3: Grinding of Okra 10
Figure 4: Okra Mucilage Trap 11
Figure 5: Putting of Cockroaches in Okra Mucilage Trap 11
v
List of Tables
vi
Introduction
Cockroaches such as American and German Cockroaches are one of the insect
Cockroaches are a diverse group but their behavior is known primarily from
fields, including locomotion, neurobiology, and chemical ecology. The widest range of
comparative data exists for cockroach mating and social behavior. Mate selection
involves a complex interaction of male competition and female choice. (Nalepa, 2018)
To solve this problem, the researcher will find that okra mucilage can be used to
be a cockroach trap because okra mucilage is thick, gluey substance produced by nearly
Its mucilaginous properties are used as thickening agent for food particularly in
soups. The upper part of the okra pods are commonly remove or cut and thrown prior to
cooking. This part of okra pod also contains mucilage which gives its slimy
2. Is there a significant difference between the okra mucilage cockroach trap and the
commercialized trap?
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3. Is the okra mucilage cockroach trap more effective than the commercialized trap
Hypotheses
Alternative: There is significant difference between the okra mucilage cockroach trap and
Null: There is no significant difference between the okra mucilage cockroach trap and the
commercialized trap.
The study will be conducted to support other studies related to okra mucilage as
trap. This study will help the community to use an affordable and but it in cheap price.
The study will also help people to get rid of cockroaches that are loitering anywhere
inside the house. The main purpose of this research is to know if okra mucilage can be
Trap as an alternative for commercialized trap. It will also include the okra mucilage
extract and commercialized trap. It also focuses on how many of the cockroaches will not
escape in the ability of the okra mucilage and not on its other uses.
2
Definitions of Terms
The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally for better
Okra- herbaceous hairy annual plant of the mallow family (Malvaceae). The leaves are
heart-shaped and three to five-lobbed. The flowers are yellow with a crimson centre.
(Britannica)
Mucilage-is a thick, gluey substance produced by nearly all plants and some
locomotion.
Cockcroach- a beetlelike insect with long antennae and legs, feeding by scavenging.
Several tropical species have become established worldwide as pests in homes and food
service establishments.
Conceptual Framework
Output
Counting of the
experimented okra
mucilage cockroach
trap and compare to
commercialized trap
3
Review of Related Literature
Okra Mucilage
Okra Mucilage plant belongs to the family Malvaceae, botanical name of this
plant is Abelmoschus esculentus. Okra Mucilage plant plays an important role in the
house of valuable nutrients including fiber,vitamin B6 and folic acid. Okra is rich in
blood volume expander. The mucilage of okra binds cholesterol and bile acid carrying
Okra
Okra is the most important vegetable crop of the tropical and subtropical regions
of the world. Okra is a multipurpose crop valued for its tender and delicious pods. In
West Africa, leaves, buds, and flowers of okra are also consumed. The dried seeds
provide oil, protein, vegetable curd, and a coffee additive or substitute. (Sharma, B. 1993)
Okra is a widely accepted vegetable in subtropical and tropical regions due to the
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The new okra (Hibiscus esculentus) variety, is high-yielding and has sparse
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) is valued for its edible green seed pods.
Twenty-five okra genotypes were sown to determine the genetic variability for 10 yield-
and quality-related traits. Minor differences between genotypic and phenotypic variance
the Malvaceae family and is very popular in the Indo-Pak subcontinent. In India, it ranks
number one in its consumption but its original home is Ethiopia and Sudan, and North-
eastern African countries. Medicinal plants are the nature's gift to human being to have
disease-free healthy life. It plays a vital role to preserve our health. In recent times, the
use of herbal products has increased tremendously in the western world as well as
Cockroaches
Cockroaches are considered one of the most obnoxious insects. They are highly
prevalent in unhygienic atmosphere and buildings. They are carrier of about 60 disease
plant origin etc. were used for controlling cockroaches. However, some of them were
banned globally in many countries of world due to their carcinogenic and long-term
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Cockroach allergy is an important health problem associated with the
Cockroaches and houseflies pose significant public health threat owning to their
Adhesiveness
and eco-friendly adhesives. Thus, there is a gradual shift from the currently used
between mass reduction and higher mechanical strength. Among others, the reduction in
stress concentrations, the ability of producing smooth surfaces with no discontinuities and
the reduced weight penalties are some of the factors that make this type of joints so
attractive. Normally, to increase the bond strength, the materials to be bonded must be
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Mucilage
Mucilage are generally normal products of metabolism formed in the cell and are
storage material. Mucilage has been found to be extensively present in Okra, a vegetable
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Methodology
Research Design
different set-ups wherein the okra mucilage’s stickiness was tested because the researcher
counted the number of cockroach that was left in the trap. Each set-up received 5
cockroaches.
Source of Materials
All of the needed materials were provided by the researcher except for okra and
the trap. One kilogram of okra was bought at the wet market, while the trap was bought at
The study was conducted in Brgy 2, Bantayan, Calamba City. The making of the
Process
First, the researcher gathered all the materials for making the cockroach trap.
Second, the cardboard served as the base of the trap. Also, the cardboard was provided by
the researcher. Next, the plastic cover covered the cardboard. The 500g of okra was
boiled, after boiling the okra, the researcher got the mucilage. After getting the mucilage
it was placed on top of the plastic cover. After placing on top of the plastic cover the
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Data Analysis
The researcher counted the number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap for 8
hours. T-test for independent means will be used because there are two set-ups, Set-up
A and set-up B. Set-up A has 3 cockroaches that were left in the trap. While set-up B has
5 cockroaches in the trap means that no cockroaches went out of the trap. While in trial
number 2, Set-up A has 2 cockroaches that were left in the trap, in set-up B there were
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Research Methodology Flowchart
Setup A Setup B
Okra mucilage
and setup B
10
Figure 1: Cardboard with plastic cover
11
Figure 3: Grinding of Okra
12
Figure 5: Putting of Cockroaches in Okra Mucilage Trap
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Results and Discussion
Data Presentation
Table 1: Total number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap of Commercialized Trap and
the trap
A(Boiled) 3
B(Commercialized Trap) 5
Table 2: Total number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap of Commercialized Trap and
the trap
A(Boiled) 2
B(Commercialized) 5
Table 1 and 2 shows the total number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap in
Commercialized Trap and Okra Mucilage Trap (Boiled) in Trial 1 and Trial 2.
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Table 3: The T-test table for the number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap
Set-Up t-value
A(Boiled)
0.079
B(Commercialized Trap)
Table 3 shows that the t-value is 0.079 while the t-crit is 4.30, according to that,
alternative hypothesis should be rejected and the null hypothesis should be accepted since
It means that there is no significant difference between Okra Mucilage Trap and
Cockroach trap in terms of stickiness. It also says that the number of cockroach that
stayed in the cockroach trap is higher than the number of cockroach that stayed in the
T-test for two independent means was used to compare Okra Mucilage Trap and
Cockroach trap. The degree of freedom used was 2 while the critical value is 4.30 in level
of significance of 0.05.
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Source of Errors
For catching cockroaches, it should have a container that has holes in it so that
cockroaches can still breathe and not die easily. Also, the researcher had a hard time
catching the cockroaches because it moves fast, then the researcher at first didn’t put any
holes in it so the cockroaches died fast, then catch another set of cockroaches.
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Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation
Summary
The main purpose of this study was to determine if there was a significant
difference between Okra Mucilage Cockroach Trap and Cockroach Trap in terms of its
stickiness. Five cockroaches each set-up, cockroach trap and okra mucilage trap, were
tested and observed for Five hours. After observing, the data were gathered and analysed
Summary of Findings
Upon using t-test for independent means, the value of t which was 0.079 is less
than the critical value which is 4.30.The null hypothesis should be accepted, while the
alternative hypothesis should be rejected, since the critical value is higher than the t-
value. It means there is no significant difference between the Okra Mucilage Cockroach
Trap and Cockroach Trap in terms of number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that Okra Mucilage Cockroach Trap was suitable of catching
cockroaches but not replacement for the Cockroach Trap. The results show that there is a
difference in the number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap. The data between the
number of cockroaches that stayed in the trap in the setups, showed that there is no
significant difference between the number of cockroaches that stayed caused by the
product. It is therefore concluded that Okra Mucilage Cockroach Trap is effective but
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Recommendation
Based from the results and data of the study done by the researcher, it is
recommended to monitor every hour if the cockroaches escaped the trap for accurate
data. It is also recommended to do this study with more amount of okra then put 4-6 cups
of water then boil. Make sure while catching cockroaches, wear gloves to not infect any
18
Bibliography
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Ayres, E., et.al (2003) Preparation and Characterization of Okra Mucilage (Abelmoschus
characterization-okra-mucilage-abelmoschus-esculentus-edible-films/
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Beyene F., et.al (2015) Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Okra (Abelmoschus
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review-2157-7110-1000458.php?aid=54850
Bondres, V., et.al (1972) Alpha Amylase Inhibition Activity of Okra Mucilage
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814617315066
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Flowers, J (2015, January 12) How Cockroaches can make you sick (And what you can
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143749616301439
Ijaz, U., et.al (2015) Association and Genetic Assessment in Okra Retrieved from
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