SIMILE

Similes and metaphors are the two most common types

of figurative language in the English language.
Similes and metaphors both compare two different
things that do not usually go together. The difference
between them is that a simile uses the words "like" or
"as" and a metaphor does not.
Similes and metaphors are very common in speaking,
singing, and writing. Similes and metaphors are often
used in stories, music, and poetry to create good
descriptions.

Reasons to use similes and metaphors:

 for comparison
 for emphasis or stress
 for humor
 to make something clear or easy to understand
 to say something in a new way
 to make something interesting and descriptive
A simile is a word or phrase that compares something
to something else. It uses the words like or as.
Examples of similes:
eat like a pig
sleep like a baby
as cute as a kitten
as white as snow
The word "simile" comes from the Latin root similes, which
means sameness or likeness. The word "similar" also uses the
same root word.

Similes are the most common type of figurative language in

the English language.

Similes compare two different things that do not usually go

together.
Similes compare using the words "like" or "as."
How to form a simile
There are two ways to form a simile.

1. as + adjective/adverb + as + noun
2. verb + like + noun
This is a list of some common similes. Add a subject to the
beginning of each simile to make the sentence complete.
There are some examples below.
Pattern 1: as + adjective/adverb + as + noun
as cold as ice.
as white as snow
as gentle as a lamb
as funny as a clown
crayons
as light as a feather
as colorful as a rainbow
The crayons are as colorful as a rainbow.
as slow as a turtle
as pretty as a flower
as tall as a giant
as quiet as a mouse
as fluffy as cotton candy
The sheep was as fluffy as cotton candy.

 as wise as an owl

 as hungry as a bear

 as tough as nails

Pattern 2: verb + like + noun

 smells like a rose

 eats like a pig

sings like an angel

baby sleeping
runs like a cheetah

slept like a baby

I slept like a baby last night.

crying like a baby

jumps like a frog

howls like a dog

sparkles like a diamond

roared like a lion

METHAPOR

A metaphor is a comparison of two different things, without

"like" or "as." It makes a description more interesting or
powerful.

METAPHOR
The word "metaphor" comes from the Latin word metaphoria and the
Greek word metapherin. Both of these words mean "to transfer." A
metaphor gives (transfers) qualities from one noun to another noun.

Examples of metaphors:
wooden face (= a face as stiff as wood)
army of letters (= letters as great in amount and as powerful as an
army)
sea of sadness (= sadness as huge and endless as the sea)
My plan was a house of cards (= as fragile and unstable as a house of
cards)
Metaphors are like similes, but they do not use the words "like" or
"as."

A metaphor compares things by stating something IS something else.

How to form a metaphor

There are a few ways to make a metaphor.

The simplest way to make a metaphor is to use this pattern:

First noun + to be verb + a/an + second noun

She is an angel.
(She is a nice.)

My hands are ice.

(My hands feel very cold.)

He is a pig.

(He is messy.)

Her eyes were diamonds. shark

(Her eyes were beautiful.)

The shark's teeth are daggers.

(The shark's teeth are sharp.)

The stars were a blanket over the earth.

(The stars filled the night sky above the earth.)

The wind was a piercing arrow.

(It was windy and very cold.)

The jet was a bolt of lightning shooting across the sky.

(The jet flew fast across the sky.)

The classroom was a zoo.

(The classroom was noisy and the kids are not in their seats.)
classroom of kids
Not all metaphors are written in the simple pattern like those above.

Here are a few more examples of metaphors. Even though they are
not written in the same pattern, they do compare two different
nouns.

My boss fired the snake.

(The employee is being compared to a snake. The boss fired an
employee who was sneaky and not trustworthy.)

He has a heart of stone.

(His heart is being compared to a stone. He is angry and mean.)

The bride wore a dress of snow.

(The dress is being compared to snow. The dress is soft and white.)
bride

In addition, you can form a metaphor with verbs and adjectives.

A flock of children went to the circus.

(A flock is a group of birds. Children are being compared to birds.)

The investigator digs up evidence about the crime.

(The investigator is looking for evidence. He is being compared to a

dog who digs up bones.)

detective dog digging a hole

Simile vs metaphor
People often confuse similes and metaphors. They are very similar
because they both compare two different things.

With similes, the comparison is easy to understand. messy home

Sam eats like a pig.

This simile compares the way Sam eats to the way a pig eats. Sam is
very messy when he eats. He does not have good manners.

Sam's house is as dirty as a pigsty.

This simile compares Sam's home to a pigsty (where pigs live). It means that Sam's home is
very messy. He probably does not clean often and leaves dirty clothes on the floor.

A metaphor is not always as easy to understand and can sometimes be understood in

different ways by different people or in different situations.

Sam is a pig.

This metaphor does not mean Sam is actually a pig.

pig

This sentence can have different meanings depending on the context. We can usually figure
out the meaning based on a picture or context of the paragraph or story.

In our example, "Sam is a pig" it could mean different things, since pigs can have different
qualities. For example, they can be dirty or greedy (eating everything).

"Sam is a pig" could mean:

Sam is a messy eater. He does not have good manners.

Sam is a sloppy dresser. His clothes are dirty.

Sam has a messy house. He does not clean his house.

Sam acts very rude. He is not polite.

Sam is greedy. He takes everything.

Similes and metaphors in poetry

Here is a great example of similes and metaphors being used in classic poetry. Read this short
poem to see if you can spot the similes or metaphors. Then scroll past the picture for the
answers.
New words:
flint = a very hard gray stone used to make fire

emerald = a beautiful green stone

ruby = a beautiful dark red stone

sapphire = a beautiful blue stone

heaven = sky

brilliant = very bright

opal = a beautiful stone that shows changing colors

hold = have or contain

fiery = of fire