A

Technical Seminar
ON
MAGNETO HYDRO DYNAMIC POWER GENERATION
By
K. RAJESH REDDY (18705A0225)
III B. Tech 1ST SEM
under the esteemed guidance of
Mr. B. MADHU SUDHAN REDDY, M.Tech.,
Assistant professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
ANNAMACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES
(AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION)
(Affiliated to J.N.T University Anantapur, Anantapur)
RAJAMPET-516126(A.P)
CONTENTS
1. Introduction of MHD.
2. Need of MHDs
3. Principle Of MHD PowerGeneration
4. Types of MHD SYSTEM
5. Open Cycle MHD System
6. Closed Cycle MHD System
7. Advantages OFMHD System
8. Disadvantages of MHD System
9. Applications
NEED OF MHDS
At present a plenty of energy is needed to sustain
industrial and agricultural production, and the existing
conventional energy sources like coal, oil, uranium
etc are not adequate to meet the ever increasing
energy demands. Consequently, efforts have been made
for harnessing energy from several non-conventional
energy sources like Magneto Hydro
Dynamics(MHD) System.
 PRINCIPLE OF MHD
POWERR GENERATION
1.Faraday’s law electromagnetic induction : When an
of
electricconductor moves across a magnetic field, an
emf is induced in it, which produces an electric current .
2.Lorentz Force
Charged particle experience a
force when is moving in the
electromagnetic field. This
force can be explained as
F = q.(v × B)
where,
• v = velocity of the particle
(vector)
• q= charge of the particle
(scalar)
•The charged gas particles with high velocity enters
into the generator chamber via nozzle.
•The positive and negative charge moves to corresponding
electrodes (anode and Cathode) and constitute the current.
•In generator chamber, based principles of Faraday’s law, the high
velocity ionizedconductinggas particles experience the
magnetic filed at right angles to their motion of direction and
hence the potential (current) is produced.
•The direction of current (Potential) is perpendicular to both
the direction of moving gas particle and to the magnetic field.
•The electrodes are connected to an external circuit to get a load
output.
•The current produced in the MHD generator are direct current (DC)
•This DC current can be converted into alternative current (AC) using
an inverter attached with the external circuit.
•In MHD generator, the seeding materials such as potassium and
cesium are used to reduce the ionization temperature.
•These seeds are mixed with fuel material such as natural gas and
coal.
•The electrode are made generally using high temperature ceramic
materials such as carbides (SiC, ZrC, MbC), bromides (ZrB2, TiB2,
LaB2) and silicates (WS and MOSi2 ).
 TYPESOF
MHD SYSTEMS
(1) Open cycle System
(2) Closed cycle System
(i)Seeded inert gas systems
(ii) Liquid metal systems
CLOSED CYCLE MHD SYSTEM