Detailed Lesson Plan in English (Grade 8)

I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

a. arrange pictures using a jigsaw puzzle then describe the general idea of the pictures
formed; (knowledge)
b. read the story aloud then answer the process questions comprehensively; (process)
c. recognize the use of verbs in present perfect tense; (process)
d. fill-in the blanks to correctly form sentences using present perfect tense and test their
comprehension by acing the e-quiz bowl; (understanding)
e. write and present a story, poem, and song about the theme “Crime does not pay”
incorporating the correct usage of verbs in present perfect tense. (product)

II. Subject Matter: “Guno and Koyo” retold by Harold Courlander

Language Focus: Present Perfect Tense
References: English Communication Arts and Skills through Afro-Asian Literature for
The New Grade 8. Unit 3 – Lesson 2, pp. 297-304.
Present Perfect. English Grammar. EF
Retrieved from: https://www.ef.com/english-resources/english
grammar/present-perfect/
Materials: puzzle, charts, laptop, PowerPoint presentation, and felt-tip pens
Learners: Grade 8 students
Time Frame: 1 hour

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

III. Procedure
Preliminaries
a. Prayer
b. Checking of attendance
c. Review

A. Knowledge
Activity 1: Jigsaw Puzzle

Good morning, class! Good morning, ma’am!

How are you this morning? We are fine, ma’am.

It is good to hear that. This morning, we will

have a new lesson but before that let’s have first a
game. Do you want a game, class? Yes, ma’am!

This game is called “Jigsaw Puzzle”. The class

will be divided into three groups. If you noticed, I
gave you a badge before you entered the classroom.
So, the students with a dragon badge will sit on the
center column and your team will be called the
Team Red Dragon. The students with water element
in their badges will sit on the right column and will
be called the Team Blue Eagles. And the last team
will be called the Yellow Excalibur will sit on the
left column; these are the students with a sword in
their badges. Proceed first with your respective
groups.
 Are you now in your groups, class? Yes, ma’am!

Okay. I have here a puzzle which I already

fixed myself. What you are going to do is arrange
also the puzzle that I will give you. After that, you
are going to paste it on the board in your respective
groups, of course. I will give you only 3 minutes to
make your puzzle so all of the members of the
group should cooperate. Are all instructions clear,
class? Yes, ma’am!

Okay. Your time starts now!

 Is everyone done? Yes, ma’am.

Now, who among in the class can share his/her

general idea about the pictures that were formed? The four pictures shows that the
child is attempting to steal from
the pocket of his father and when
he finally did it, he got caught.
Very good! The picture suggests the idea of
someone stealing from the pockets of his father. And
so, this time, we are going to read a story which is
somewhat related to the pictures you formed a while
ago.

This story is titled, “Guno and Koyo”, a short

story from Indonesia, retold by Harold Courlander.

B. Process
a. Setting of Standards

Before we are going to proceed with our formal

discussion, class. What would the good students do
when the teacher is discussing in front? Listen, ma’am.
Keep quiet, ma’am.
Be behave, ma’am.

Can I expect that from you, class? Yes, ma’am.

b. Reading the Story Aloud

You should take turns in reading the story, class.

So, for the first paragraph, the Team Red Dragon
will read first. Next, the Team Blue Eagles, then, the
Team Yellow Excalibur. And class, please allow me
also to interrupt whenever I have questions. Okay?
Did you get that, class? Yes, ma’am.

Okay. Let us altogether read the title! Guno and Koyo

From Indonesia
Retold by Harold Courlander

Guno and Koyo

From Indonesia
Retold by Harold Courlander

Everywhere in Java, Sumatra, and Celebes, the people know of two men named Guno and Koyo, and
whenever they hear of them, they smile. For the name Guno means “helpful” and Guno is really a very unhelpful
man; and while Koyo’s name means “rich”, Koyo in fact never has any money at all. They have been friends for
quite a long time. Whatever he manages to get his hands on, Guno the “helpful” helps him lose.

Who are the characters in the story? What was ironic about the name of Guno and Koyo?
Why did people smile whenever they heard the names?

It is said that one time, Guno persuaded Koyo to go with him to rob an old hadji. They crept in the night to
the old man’s house and began to dig a hole under the wall. When the hole was large enough for a man to enter,
Guno crawled through. He silently gathered the valuables of the sleeping hadji and handed them out through the
hole to Koyo, who piled them nearly on the ground. Guno saw the hadji’s colourful robe hanging on a peg as he
has prepared to go out, he took the robe down and dressed himself in it. He said to himself, “I will soil my new
robe if I crawl out the way I came in.” So, instead of going through the hole, he went to the door, unlocked it, and
stepped out.

What do you think would be the reaction of Koyo upon seeing the robed figure coming?

Koyo, expecting Guno to appear through the hole, was startled. Seeing the dignified robed figure coming
out of the door, he thought it was the hadji, and that Guno was still inside.

“Ai! The hadji!” Koyo screamed. And leaving the pile of loot where he had placed it on the ground, he
began to run. Guno, thinking Koyo has seen the hadji behind him, hastily threw his new robe away and fled after
Koyo.

Because the two of them made so much noise fleeing through the village, the neighbors were awakened,
and they came out with sticks and sickles to pursue them. Guno and Koyo ran across the open fields until they
came panting to the edge of the river.

How did the villagers react to Guno and Koyo’s running?

“Ah, we are lost!” Koyo groaned. “We’ll either be caught and beaten, or will drown on the flooded river!”

“The river isn’t flooded,” Guno said helpfully. “Indeed the river is flooded,” Koyo said.

“No, it certainly is not flooded.” Guno said. “If it were in flood it would be muddy and dark. But it is so
clear you can almost see the bottom.”

What was Guno’s view of the river? Was it flooded and deep or not? What do you think
about this?

Koyo looked. It was true. Faintly in the starlight he could see the rocks in the bottom of the river.

“Well,” he said nervously, “you go first and tell me how it is.” So Guno held his breath, close his eyes, and
leaped from the rocky ledge.

But the riverbed was dry, there was no water in it at all, and Guno fell into the gravel and stones below.
As he lay there in great surprise, he heard Koyo shouting to him from the ledge above.
“How is it? How is it?”

Guno was embarrassed. So he began to make swimming motions with his hands and legs as he lay on the
bottom of the dry riverbed, and he called out:

“It’s fine below, don’t you see me?”

So Koyo, too, took a deep breath, closed his eyes, and leaped from the ledge. He landed next to Guno,
sprawling in the dry river gravel.

What did they land on? How would it have felt?

“You can see now that I was right. The river is not in flood.”

The people in the village arrived on the ledge. They looked down and shouted at the two men to come
out and take their punishment. In terror, Koyo also began to make swimming motions. The villagers, seeing Guno
and Koyo swimming this way in a river that had been dry for months, put down their weapons and laughed. They
couldn’t bring themselves to punish silly fugitives.

How did the villagers overcome their initial rage? How did the two fugitives’ stupidity save
them?

So today whenever a person tries to get out of a predicament by a ridiculous act, someone is sure to say:
“Don’t go swimming in a dry riverbed.”

Why did the saying “Don’t go swimming in a dry riverbed” become popular? Do you know
any similar Filipino tale? Share it.
 c. Answering the Process Questions

Class, do you think the theme “Crime does

not pay” suits the story well? Yes, ma’am.

Now, who can explain the theme “Crime

does not pay”? Relate it to the present peace
and order situation in the Philippines.
The theme “Crime does not pay” means
lawbreakers do not benefit from their
actions. Just like the situations that most of
our countrymen caught themselves up in
trouble. Our president diminished the drug
users and if anyone be caught using drugs
will be dead. Indeed, there are people who
were killed because they did not obey the
president and they are committing crimes.

Very good! It is indeed true that if we

commit crimes, we will be punished by the law
in our country and most specially, face the
consequences of our immoral actions.

Class, have you ever experienced doing

ridiculous thing to cover up a mistake you have
done? What consequence did it have? And how
did you feel about the consequence?
Okay, class. We should always be honest
towards our parents. We can ask for anything
from them anyway.
I have experienced that already, ma’am. I
was told by my mother to buy some
vegetables in the market so, I bought
vegetables. When I was in my way home, I
say an ice cream cart and decided to buy
one with the change from the money mom
gave me. When I arrived home, mother
asked for the change and I told her that
there was no change. At night, when she
was about to wash my clothes, she saw the
ice cream stain in my shirt and scolded me
so hard and told me to tell the truth from
now on.

Class, what advice can you give to

individuals who have the tendency to “go
swimming on a dry riverbed”?
I would tell them not to fool themselves
anymore. Just be honest. Face the
consequences of the ruthless deeds.
Otherwise, if they cannot take being
punished, then stop doing what is not
right.

III. Understanding
a. Language Focus Discussion

Class, I have here three sentences taken

from the story. I want you to tell me what
similarities these sentences have.
Koyo has seen the hadji behind him.

They have been friends for quite a long time.

He has prepared to go out.

By looking at the sentence structure of

these sentences, what do these sentences have
in common, class? The sentences have ‘have and has’ in it
and it is succeeded with a verb.

Very good! Now, what tense does ‘has and

have’ belong? Is it in past or present tense? They’re both present tense, ma’am.

Very good! Now, what is the form of the

verb in the sentence? In what tense is the verb
in the sentence? It’s in the past tense, ma’am.

Yes, you are right! Then, what do you call

if the ‘have and past tense of the verb’ is
combined? If an action or situation that started
in the past and continues in the present? What
kind of tense is that? Present perfect tense, ma’am!

Very good! This time class, we are going

to discuss about the use of verbs in present
perfect tense.

Originally, class, there are five (5) uses of

the verbs in present perfect tense. But today,
we are just going to discuss three of them.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

This is used to indicate an action that took place at an indefinite time or over a period of time in the
past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result
than in the action itself.

THE PRESENT PERFECT IS USED TO DESCRIBE

 An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. I have lived in Bristol
since 1984 (= and I still do.)
 An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. She has been to the cinema twice
this week (= and the week isn't over yet.)
 A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. We have visited Portugal
several times.

ACTIONS STARTED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUING IN THE PRESENT

 They haven't lived here for years.

 She has worked in the bank for five years.
 Have you played the piano since you were a child?

WHEN THE TIME PERIOD REFERRED TO HAS NOT FINISHED

 I have worked hard this week.

 It has rained a lot this year.
 We haven't seen her today.
ACTIONS REPEATED IN AN UNSPECIFIED PERIOD BETWEEN THE PAST AND NOW.

 They have seen that film six times.

 It has happened several times already.
 She has visited them frequently.

FORMING THE PRESENT PERFECT

The present perfect of any verb is composed of two elements: the appropriate form of the
auxiliary verb to have (present tense), plus the past participle of the main verb. The past participle of a
regular verb is base+ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked.

AFFIRMATIVE
SUBJECT TO HAVE PAST PARTICIPLE
She has visited.
NEGATIVE
SUBJECT TO HAVE + NOT PAST PARTICIPLE
She has not (hasn’t) visited.
INTERROGATIVE
TO HAVE SUBJECT PAST PARTICIPLE
Has she visited?
NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
TO HAVE + NOT SUBJECT PAST PARTICIPLE
Hasn’t she visited?

This time class, to fully understand our

discussion, I have here a table which you are going
to supply. What you are going to do is fill in the
blanks with its correct form of sentences. Is that
understood? Yes, ma’am!

Okay! The first items are already done for you.

TO WALK
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I have walked. I haven’t walked. Have I walked?
You have walked. You haven’t walked.
Has she walked?
We haven’t walked.
They have walked.

b. e-Quiz Bowl

This time class, we will have a game! This game

is called “e-Quiz Bowl”. This game is played just
like the ordinary quiz bowl that you know but we
will use your mobile phones to answer the questions.

Please turn on the data of your phone by group

or connect to the wifi and go to the website
www.menti.com. and use the code 14 28 4.
 I have there only 5 questions. There is an initial
countdown of 10 seconds to get the participants
ready, and for me to read the question out loud.
When the options are shown, everybody has a
limited time to answer. The questions 1 and 2 has 10
seconds time limit only; questions 3 and 4 has 15
seconds time limit; and question number 5 has 20
seconds time limit. The faster you answer, the
higher the score. The leaderboard shows the point
totals of the quiz questions. Every 100 points you get
corresponds to 1 point. The group with the most
number of points will be declared the winner. Are all Yes, ma’am!
instructions, class?

Let the battle of wit and speed begin!

 Who won the game, class? The Team Blue Eagles, ma’am!

Okay. Let us all stand and give Team Blue

Whales a “Fireworks Clap”.

Do you have questions, class? None, ma’am.

Did you really understand our discussion, class? Yes, ma’am!

IV. Product

Very good! Class, I have here a letter from the

English department head. It turns out that the school
will be conducting the yearly English Language and
Literature Festival. There are varied competitions in
each year level. For the Grade 8 level, you will be a
Story, Poem, and Song Making Contest.
So, before we are going to join the contest, let
us have first a trial here in our classroom. With the
same groupings, let us choose who will be assigned
in these tasks through our spinning wheel.
Team Red Dragon, you are assigned to write a
story. Team Blue Whales, you are assigned to make
a poem. And Team Yellow Excalibur, you are tasked
to compose a song.
I have here your task descriptions which will be
given each team. Let us base your theme to our
theme today which is “Crime does not pay”. Class,
remember also to incorporate the use of present
perfect tense in your write-ups and compositions.
You will be given 10 minutes to do the task then,
you are going to present that by group. Am I
understood, class? Yes, ma’am!

Class, remember that you will be graded

according to this performance standard:
Content - 30%
Presentation - 30%
Organization - 20%
Creativity - 15%
Participation - 5%
100%

Your time starts now.

STORY WRITING:
Hello, creative writers! Today, you are going to maximize your creativity by writing a short story
about a boy who cheated on his exams and was caught by his teacher. He was penalized by retaking an
entirely different examination and his parents’ attention was called. At the end of your story, I want you
to leave a note of advice to him for his next examinations and what would be your recommendation for
him as a student also. DO NOT FORGET THE USE OF PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

POEM WRITING:

Hello, dearest little poets! Today, you are going to write a poem about the girl who had a baby at
16 and is deciding to abort her baby. Tell her the essence of life and the immoral sin she was about to do;
what would be its consequences? As students and as teenagers, what can you offer to her? How will you
help her? Tell her through your poems; make her pick the righteous path.
DO NOT FORGET THE USE OF PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

SONG WRITING:

Hello future singers! Today, you are going to touch the lives of the street children who are taught
to steal even at a very young age. Let them hear the music of goodness and how life would be so good if
the children would play without hurting and stepping off other people. Let them know the value of life at a
very young age. Let them experience the greatness of childhood you have gone through.
DO NOT FORGET THE USE OF PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

E. Agreement

Directions: Make an essay about a quote from Kurt Cobain, “The worst crime is faking it.”
 G.R.A.S.P.S.
Goal: Your goal is to do the following activities:
Students should be able to write and present a story, poem, and a song.
Roles: You are:
Writers who will write the story; poets who will create a poem; and composers who will
craft a never-been-heard song.
Audience: The target audience are the students.
Situation: The school will be conducting the yearly English Language and Literature Festival.
 The teacher will divide the class into three groups and will instruct the group to do the
assigned activity. In doing the activity, the groups must observe the proper use present
perfect tense of the verbs.
Product: You need to have a short story, poem, and a song.
Standards: Your work must meet the following standards:
Content - 30%
Presentation - 30%
Organization - 20%
Creativity - 15%
Participation - 5%
100%
Rubrics
Outstanding 30% Admirable 28% Amateur 26%
Content Use language very Few grammatical Accumulation of
well; clearly delivered errors; clearly errors in sentence
their part. delivered their lines. structure and word
choice.
Presentation Captures the interest Well done and Was at times
of the audience and interesting to the interesting and did not
maintain this audience; presented in capture interest of the
throughout the unique manner. audience.
presentation.
Organization Extremely well- Transitions are easy to Transitions are
organized; flowed follow but sometimes confusing and abrupt;
smoothly from one not organized. not so well organized.
idea and cleverly
conveyed/ expressed.
Creativity Extremely and clearly Clever at times, and Les creative, common
presented with was uniquely idea of presentation.
originality. presented.
Participation All the members Some members are All members are not
played their role/ part not participating. united.
in the presentation.