CHAPTER 17

Misfortunes
in
Madrid (1890-91)
Failure to Get Justice for the Family

• Asociacion Hispano-
Filipina
Sought • Liberal Spanish
help newspapers
• La Justicia, El Globo, La
Republica, El Resumen, etc.

•Secure justice

Why? •For oppressed

Calamba tenants &
family
• Rizal’s interview with Minister Fabie
– Nothing happened

• “To cover the ears, open the purse and fold

the arms- this is the Spanish colonial policy.”
-El Resumen (a Madrid newspaper)
 Bad News from Calamba
• Letter from Silvestre Ubaldo (Rizal’s brother-in-
law)
– Copy of ejectment order by Dominicans against
Rizal’s father & the Calamba tenants

• Saturnina’s letter
– Deportation to Mindoro
• Paciano Rizal
• Antonio Lopez
• Silvestre Ubaldo
• Teong (Mateo Elejorde)
• Dandoy (Rizal’s relative)
 Bad News from Calamba
• Saturnina’s letter
– Ejection of their parents from home
– Parents living in Narcisa’s house

• Blumentritt
– Urged Rizal to see Queen Regent Maria Cristina
Queen Regent Maria Cristina
Death of Panganiban
• Jose Maria Panganiban
– Co-worker of Rizal in the
Propaganda Movement
– Bicol hero
– Died 27 years old in
Barcelona
– Feliciano Gonzales
Timbang (died in 1889)
also died the same
day Panganiban did
Duels
Antonio Luna
• Drunk A. Luna
• Frustrated romance
w/ Nellie Boustead
– Reason for duel:
• bad remarks -> Nellie Boustead
• which Rizal didn’t like
– ABORTED DUEL
– Resolution:
• Upon soberness of Luna,
apologies gave way to resolution
• Restored friendship with Rizal
RIZAL

Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo

Pardo de Tavera
 1
ANTONIO LUNA
 Duels
• Wenceslao E. Retana
• Talented Spanish scholar
• Press agent of the friars in Spain
• Rizal’s bitter enemy of the pen
Reason for Rizal’s challenging to duel:
• Retana’s article in La Epoca :
– Rizal’s family’s and friends’
ejection because of not paying rents
DUEL ABORTED
• WHY?
– Rizal- superior in both pistol and sword
Resolution:
• written retraction and apology in
newspapers by Retana
 Leonor Rivera’s Infidelity
• Teatro Apolo
– Rizal lost his gold watch chain w/
locket w/ Leonor Rivera’s picture
in it
• Letter from Leonor Rivera
– (Winter, December 1890)
announcement of
marriage to an Englishman
– Asking for forgiveness
Rizal-Del Pilar Rivalry
• Marcelo H. Del Pilar
– Lawyer-journalist

– Gained prestige in Madrird for editorials

in La Solidaridad

– Purchased La Solidaridad (fortnightly

periodical) from Pablo Rianzares

– Replaced Graciano Lopez Jaena as editor

From left to right:
Jose Rizal
M.H. del Pilar
Mariano Ponce
GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA
 Rizal’s Leadership
• Rizal’s Idealism (To
win Spanish people’s respect
and prestige for the
Propaganda Movement)
– High standards of…
• morality
• dignity
• spirit of sacrifice

– Some Rizal’s
supporters  del
Pilar’s supporters
• WHY?
– RIZAL’S IDEALISM’s
interference w/
private lives
» Women
» Wine
» Cards
• Del Pilar’s editorial policy- contrary to Rizal’s
political views

• Meeting (January 1,1891):

– Aversion of Rizal-del Pilar break-up
– Campaign for reform
– Responsable (decided by 2/3 vote of Filipino community)
• Editorial policy (abandoned: del Pilar opposed)
• Directs Filipino community affairs
 Rizal Turns Down Leadership
• Election for Responsable (1st week of Feb. 1891)-
– Rizalistas vs. Pilaristas
– Rizal leads election’s first 2 days
– Mariano Ponce’s appeal  Rizal’s victory (3rd day)
– Turned down position  avoid disunity
 ADIOS MADRID

• Rizal saw Madrid for the LAST TIME

• Vacation in Biarritz