Cav = Chicken AnemIa virus

aka
CAA = Chicken Anemia Agent
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Causes pancytopenia ( a reduction in
both red cells and white cells
including thrombocytes (platelets).

The result of pancytopenia is always

immunosuppression and sometimes
hemorrhage
 Infection:
Transient event unless chick dies
 Economic Impact

Disease

CAV Immunosupression Lost

Profitability
Impaired
vaccination
Pathogenesis:

CAV

Viremia

Thymic Atrophy

Bone marrow hypoplasia

Pancytopenia
 Disease:
Age and Dose Dependent
The very young are most susceptible , but all ages are
affected
IBD infections will prolong chick susceptibility
CAV Clinical Disease
A consequence of ……..

1) Maternal shedding in form of gangrenous dermatitis

2) Horizontal transmission in the form of oral and respiratory

complications due to secondary pathogens involvement

3) Immunosuppression , CAV found in association with….

Marek’s disease
IBD infections
Diminished resistance to ILT and NDV
Other diseases
Diagnosis:
1) History
2) Signs
3) Gross & microscopic lesions
4) Finding anemia
Measurements in Diagnosis on CAV
Anemia
•White and RBC counts
Antibody Detection
• Detect maternal antibody *
• Detect rise in CAV antibody

* maternal antibody is protective against the disease but not protective against the
infections
CAV Testing at GPLN

GPLN utilizes the commercial CAV

antibody test from IDEXX which is a
direct or competitive ELISA
 1:10 Dilution of Serum

Field exposure:
For optimal detection of antibody
subsequent to field exposure to Chicken
Anemia Virus dilute serum 1:10
Note: GPLN is not currently using the CAV100 test which is at a final serum
dilution of 1:100 and is geared more toward vaccine monitoring
 The presence or absence of CAV
antibody is determined by the
sample to negative (S/N) ratio for
each sample
S/N < 0.60 Positive for CAV antibody S/N > 0.60 Negative for CAV antibody
S/N Scale

- 5.0 0.0 +5.0

The S/N cutoff for the ELISA:CAV test is 0.60

Samples with S/N greater than 0.60 are considered negative for CAV antibody
Samples with S/N less than 0.60 are considered positive for CAV antibody
 On the average, 1000 flocks are
tested for antibodies to CAV in a
given year at GPLN
These 1,000 flocks represents over
15,000 CAV antibody tests per year
18 - 20 commercial poultry companies
tests for CAV antibody on a yearly
basis at GPLN
The average coefficient of variation (CV)
for CAV antibody testing averages 62%
for any given year for all ages
Breeders: Average Number Flocks
Tested per Year for Each Age Range
Breeders
350
300 287
247
Number of Flocks

250 228
200
150
106
100 83 Breeders
64 56
50 41 30 48 31 46
21
0
1d

60+w
5-9w
10-14 w
15-19w
20-24w
25-29w
30-34w
35-39w
40-44w
45-49w
50-54w
55-59w
Bird Age (weeks)
Breeder CAV Percent Positives and cv’s by age

60+w (115 flks)

96

77

55-59w (53 flks)

59
99

50-54w (206 flks)

99

58
45-49w (78 flks)
95

84
40-44w (119 flks)
99

54
35-39w (76 flks)
95

77
30-34w (103 flks)
97

73
25-29w (267 flks)

59
99

20-24w (140 flks)

68
98

15-19w (718 flks)

98

51
10-14 w (160 flks)
79

56
5-9w (618 flks)

51

44
1d (572 flks)
95

73

Sept 2009- Sept 2011

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
100

CV
Percent Positives (%)
 Broilers: Average Number Flocks
Tested per Year for Each Age Range
400
350 334
Number of Flocks

300
250
200
150
100
50 12 13 10
12
6 6 2 1 1
0
1d

2-6d

7-13d

14-20d

21-27d

28-34d

35-41d

42-48d

49-55d

>56d
Bird Age (days)
CV 75 84 43 17 15 25 44 37 24 35
Broiler CAV Percent Positives and cv’s by age
100 100
100 93
90 90
90 84
80
Percent Positive (%)

70
60
50 42
40
30 22
20 15

10 5
0
14-20d (32 flks)
1d (836 flks)

7-13d (29 flks)

35-41d (15flks)
2-6d (14 flks)

49-55d (1 flk)
28-34d (29 flks)

42-48d (5 flks)
21-27d 24flks)

>56d (3 flks)
Bird Age (days)
CV 75 84 43 17 15 25 44 37 24 35

Sept. 2009 – Sept 2011

 Call GPLN
If You Have CAV Antibody Testing
Needs