Christ The King College of Science and Technology: Jaysonville Ii Subd., Putatan, Muntinlupa City

CHRIST THE KING COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
JAYSONVILLE II SUBD., PUTATAN, MUNTINLUPA CITY

Effects of Computer Radiation among Grade 11 Information

and Communication Technology Students in Christ

the King College of Science And Technology

(S.Y. 2018-2019)
A Thesis submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements

Of the Grade 12 - ICT in Inquiries

Investigation and Immersion

Submitted By:
Bulahin, Monica G.
Submitted To:
De Vera, Mary Jane T.

Inquiries Investigation and Immersion Teacher

Chapter 1
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION
Computer radiation is the process of spreading out of energy in rays. The

emission or outward flow of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves,

including radio waves and photons. See also electromagnetic, photon, and
waveform. From computer radiation can cause or contribute to the cause of

several of health problems which include sleep interference, allergic reaction and
even the severe health issues like heart disease, cancer and etc.
Mostly, the people do not want to sit on a chair near high voltage of power
lines, but they do not think twice before sitting on a chair in front of computer
screen, that includes CPU, a printer and scanner with it. The exposure of
computers poses a significant danger if it is excessive. In this research computer

radiation is anavoidable part of our life specially in millenials. Exposure to large

amount of electromagnetic radiation can caused meaningful damage to health

cells and chromosome damage. But because computers are being used in
almost in every field. Sometimes we forget our limitation of being expose on the
computer that can caused a different diseases because of the radiation.

The amount of time the average person spends in contact with electronic
devices is growing every day. As previously stated, prolonged use of laptop

computers is common, and therefore dangers to one’s health from computer

radiation are quite real. Among the biggest risks is the possible damage to fertility
if laptops are placed on a male’s lap for hours per day. Extended exposure to
thermal computer radiation may not only decrease sperm count, but it can also
cause severe irritation of the skin. As far as other laptop radiant energy is
concerned, electromagnetic radiation is the other primary focus for concerned

individuals. By using computer our health will become dangerous because of the
radiation that affects,most of now we all know that almost students spending too
much on computer. And we saw that many students in our surroundings that they
can't focus on their studies because of using computer we forget our

responsibility to our studies and to our home. Spending too much on the
computer isn't good to our eyesight.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Objective or Purpose of the Study

This study aims to investigate the possible effects of computer radiation to

the Grade 11 ICT students of Christ the King College of Science and
Technology.
Research Questions
Specially, the study aims to seek answers to the following sub

problems:
` 1.)What are the negative effects of computer radiation to the students?

2.)What is the best way to protect ourselves from computer radiation?

3.)What are the disadvantage of being expose on the computer?

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be great benefit to the following:

STUDENTS— The result will be provide the students with some knowledge
about computer radiation that they encounter and how can to protect themselves
on the radiation. It will be giving the students realization to know their limitation of
using computers. And also the students know what are those negative effects of
being exposed to the computer.

TEACHERS— They will know the effects of computer radiation to the students. And
to inform to the students that they need to know the limitation of being expose on
the computer. And also to know what are those effects that they get comes from
the radiation of computer.

FUTURE RESEARCHER— They want to able give an information to their research

topic and also they are the one to solve the problems that comes to their
research title.
Conceptual Framework
Computer Radiation
CAUSE: EFFECTS:
Large amounts of electromagnetic Computer radiation can have a

PREVENTION
*Keep distance from your laptop and computer.
*Replace Your Wireless Installation with a Hard-Wired Ethernet
Connection or Eco WiFi Router
Figure 1: Research Paradigm

If you use computers at work or at home, or both, then computers may be

your biggest source of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) . Could this radiation

threaten your health?

Computers today generate both low-frequency and radio-frequency EMR.

Both types of radiation are potentially harmful – even the World Health
Organisation now calls them possible carcinogens (i.e. they may cause cancer).
In fact, this radiation has been linked with many serious diseases:
 Asthma
 Alzheimers
 Cancer
 Depression
 Heart Disease
 Hormone imbalances
 Damage to nerves, immune system and reproductive systems.

See EMF Health Effects.

Symptoms of EMF Exposure

Symptoms of frequent and prolonged EMF exposure are often dismissed as

being caused by stress, overwork, or just getting older. These include

 Headaches
 Tiredness
 Sleep disturbances
 Concentration and memory disorders

 Dizziness
 Skin prickling, itching, burning or flushing sensations on the face or elsewhere

 Uncomfortable, dry or swollen mucous membranes in the throat, ears or

sinuses
 Muscle and joint pains

 Heart palpitations
Scope and Delimitation

Computer radiation is comprised of various types of electromagnetic

frequencies. When you sit in front of a computer screen, you are being hit by
many different types of electromagnetic radiations (EMR). Computers emit both

VLF (Very Low Frequency) electromagnetic radiation and ELF (Extremely Low
Frequency) electromagnetic radiation, as well as soft x-rays if using an old style

Cathode Ray Tube monitor.As with all radiation exposure, the closer in proximity
to the source, as well as the longer the duration of time in the EMF field, the
more detrimental the electromagnetic frequencies upon the body.

Using a computer for anywhere from 4 to 8 hours a day is not unusual

today, but is actually becoming the norm. This long duration of time, coupled with
the close proximity to the screen, makes the computer a very serious EMF health
hazard.Short term symptoms of computer EMF exposure are dry eyes, floaters,
blurred vision, headaches, dehydration, irritability, skin rashes, spaciness and

fatigue. Long term computer EMF exposure has been linked to various cancers,
birth defects and miscarriages.

Theoretical Framework
This document is the expression of the collective opinion by the NEA

Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) about the status
of radiation protection today and developments which might affect its status in
the foreseeable future. It is an outgrowth of an NEA workshop entitled, "Radiation

Protection on the Threshold of the 21st Century," which was held in Paris on 11-
13 January 1993, and draws upon the papers presented there. The assessment
does not dwell on accomplishments, which are considerable. Rather, it focuses

on issues and speculates about the future, because a primary purpose is to

provide guidance to the CRPPH on a programme for the future whose goal is to
enhance radiation protection.

The assessment of the present status and the future developments of

radiation protection is intended mainly for the radiation protection community and
others who might influence the overall quality of protection through research,
technology development, regulation, programme support and education. While

the assessment is a technical document, an attempt has been made to minimize

the type of terminology and details familiar only to the specialist since another
important purpose is to provide information about radiation protection to decision

makers and a broad segment of the public which is interested because of the
ubiquitous nature of radiation, both natural and man made. The Executive
Summary briefly describes the main aspects of the collective opinion.

Definition of Terms
a.Computer Radiation-Radiation is produced when electrically charged

waves move through space, transmitting a signal to a device and setting up an

electromagnetic field around a source.

b.Electromagnetic waves-one of the waves that are propagated by

simultaneous periodic variations of electric and magnetic field intensity and

that include radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma
rays
c.Photon-a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic

radiation. A photon carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has
zero rest mass.

d.Waveform-a usually graphic representation of the shape of a wave that

indicates its characteristics (such as frequency and amplitude)

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Presented in this chapter is a review of related literature and some studies

on the effects of computer radiation on people's health and the

environment. This serves as background information in determining the negative

or ill effects of radiation on people's health and on the environment as well.

According to Marilyn J Goske, Pediatric radiology 41 (2), 472, 2011.State-of-

the-art CT scanners typically display two dose indices: CT dose index (CTDIvol
[mGy]) and dose length product (DLP [mGy-cm]) based on one of two standard
CTDI phantoms (16- or 32-cm diameter) used in the calculation of CTDIvol.

CTDIvol represents the radiation produced by the CT scanner, not the radiation
dose to an individual patient. Pediatric radiologists, aware of this discrepancy,

have requested a method to estimate the CT patient dose based on the size of
the pediatric patient or small adult. This paper describes the method developed
by AAPM Task Group 204 to provide a better estimate of CT patient dose. These
improved estimates of patient dose provide radiologists with a practical tool to

better manage the radiation dose their patients receive. In the future, size-
specific dose estimates (SSDE) received by the patient should be included in the
patient’s electronic medical record to help radiologists better assess risk versus
benefit for their patients.

According to Keith J Strauss, Pediatric radiology 38 (3), 265-269,

2008.ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) has been a guiding principle

for pediatric radiologists for decades. The Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR)
has long been a leader in promoting safety in radiology practice in children.

However, the ALARA principle has taken on new meaning in the past several
years as the number of CT scans in children has skyrocketed. For example, it is

estimated that since the 1980s when CT was beginning its ascendancy there has
been up to an 800% increase. CT scans in children provide great benefit in

patient care when used appropriately. However, increased use requires a team
approach to ensure that only indicated exams are performed and at the lowest
appropriate dose to the pediatric patient. As a response to this public health

issue, the Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR), the American Society of
Radiologic Technologists (ASRT), the American College of Radiology (ACR), the

American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) and nine.

It has been known for many years that radiation emitted from computers
can cause or contribute to the cause of various health problems which include
sleep interference, allergic reactions and even the severe health issues like heart
disease, cancer and Alzheimer’s disease etc. Studies over the last 15 years have
given hints of the connection between Electromagnetic Fields (EMF's) and health
problems. EMF's have been implicated in behavioral changes, memory loss, birth
defects and Alzheimer’s disease. Mostly, the people do not want to sit on a chair
near high voltage power lines, but they do not think twice before sitting on a chair
in front of a computer screen, that includes a CPU, a printer, a scanner and

perhaps a UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supplier) with it. Working at the same
position for hours, they never know that they are absorbing as much radiation as
if they could have a high voltage power line. A computer user, not aware about
the choice and placement of devices (Computer assemblies) could be open to an

ELF radiation from Computers with a field strength of 3 to 7 millie gauss while
microwaves from Wi-Fi devices may carry a field strength of 100 to 200 µW/m2.
Individually, these radiations are quite far from safe and may cause very serious
health issues if taken together.

In Knowledge by Christian December 12, 2017.I still remember my first

computer. In the early 90’s my dad bought a lot of Mac Classics from a school that was
getting rid of them. I loved that computer and played all my favorite games on it. Young
Christian had no idea how much myself and the whole world would rely on computers. I
use my computer for my job, to write this blog, to stay connected with friends and family,
and much more. As I’ve learned more about the dangers of EMF radiation I’ve become
increasingly cautious of how and when I use my computer.

Computers, tablets, cell phones, and other electronics, all radiate EMFs
and are extremely dangerous. My wife and I just had our first child, a baby girl,
and I am extremely cautious about her exposure to these electronics, as small

children can be extremely vulnerable to these devices.As I was taking time to

research ways I can reduce my exposure to EMFs, I started to write up a list of

all the things I can do.

According to the Pew Research Center, in 2015, 92% of US adults owned

cell phones, of which 79% were smartphones. Today, many of us cannot live
without these devices because they help us communicate with the world.Wi-fi
routers can be found in every home and office providing internet connection for
our computers. Even in our kitchens, household electrical appliances such as

food processors and washing machines are also an electromagnetic radiation

source that we are exposed to on a daily basis.Living in such a world, have you
wondered if your body is sensitive to the electromagnetic radiation these devices

emit? What are the effects of electromagnetic radiation to your health and
wellbeing?
We are basically electromagnetic beings. Our bodies contain our own

human electrical currents which when exposed to man-made electrical currents

create a chemical reaction. These currents "work to balance the activity of

internal organs and in the case of injuries, represent the very foundation of the
healing process", according to Dr. Bjorn Nordenstrom.

Negative Effects of Computer Radiation. Computer radiation, laptop

radiation and computer monitor radiation are important for all computer
users. This type of radiation is known as extremely low frequency (ELF)

electromagnetic radiation. It is essentially the same kind of radiation that is

emitted from power lines, TVs and other electrical and electronic appliances. If
you are a computer user, computer radiation may be a substantial component of

the total electromagnetic radiation which your body is exposed to. Many of us
spend our working days in front of computer monitors, surrounded by electronic

equipment, each item emitting ELF radiation. Because of the duration of this
exposure (many hours every day), computer radiation is a great concern..

The "Encyclopedia Britannica" reports that "prolonged exposure to

computer radiation leads to an increased risk of tumors, cancers, miscarriage,

blood disorders, insomnia, headaches, anxiety, and skin disorders." Many

people spend hours in front of computers that emit low levels of radiation. Such
exposure is not considered harmful, although prolonged exposure is a matter of

concern, according to some authorities. Some studies report that prolonged use
of laptops by men can affect infertility. Warmth and radiation may affect the
quality and quantity of sperm production.

For many years it has been known that ELF radiation can cause or
contribute to various health problems, ranging from sleep interference and

allergic reactions, through to heart disease, cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The
item most likely to cause a health hazard in many offices is the computer
monitor, or screen. The box-shaped cathode ray tube (CRT) computer monitors
generally have quite high levels of radiation at 30 cm. A constant 3 milligausus

at 30 cm of computer monitor radiation is already bad enough, but don't forget

the beleaguered computer user is probably also absorbing radiation from

computers, printers, power supplies (ups), florescent lights, cell phones and other
equipment. Pregnant women should be particularly careful about using CRT

screens - which have been associated with higher rates of miscarriage and
possibly birth defects.

Negative Effects of Mobile Phone Radiation. Mobile phone radiation and

health effects have been studied, especially following the enormous increase in
the use of wireless mobile telephony throughout the world, there were more than
4 billion users worldwide. Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the

microwave range, and researchers believe this may be either harmful or

beneficial to human health. A Swedish scientific team at the Karolinska Institute

conducted an epidemiological study (2004) that suggested that regular use of a

mobile phone over a decade or more was associated with an increased risk
of acoustic neuroma, a type of benign brain tumor. The increase was not noted in
those who had used phones for fewer than 10 years.

Hardell (2007) reviewed published epidemiological papers (2 cohort

studies and 16 case-control studies) and found that: Cell phone users had an
increased risk of malignant gliomas. There has been a link between cell phone
use and a higher rate of acoustic neuromas. Tumors are more likely to occur on
the side of the head that the cell handset is used. One hour of cell phone use per
day significantly increases tumor risk after ten years or more.

Some users of mobile handsets have reported feeling several

unspecific symptoms during and after its use; ranging from burning and tingling
sensations in the skin of the head and extremities, fatigue, sleep

disturbances, dizziness,loss of mental attention, reaction

times and memory retentiveness, headaches, malaise, tachycardia (heart palpitat

ions), to disturbances of the digestive system.

Negative Effects of Radiation from Wireless Networks. Another area of

concern is the radiation emitted by the fixed infrastructure used in mobile

telephony, such as base stations and their antennas, which provide the link to
and from mobile phones. This is because, in contrast to mobile handsets, it is

emitted continuously and is more powerful at close quarters. On the other hand,
field intensities drop rapidly with distance away from the base of the antenna
because of the attenuation of power with the square of distance. Base station
emissions must comply with safety guidelines. Some countries, however (such
as South Africa) do not have any health regulations at all governing the
placement of base stations.

Since the middle of the last century, technological advancements in

telecommunications and other industries have led to significant increases in the

use of radio frequencies. Equipment employing microwave and radio waves is

today widely used not just in broadcasting and communications, but also in the
health care industry, the food industry, and in a host of other industries in a wide
range of applications. Several surveys have found increases of symptoms

depending upon proximity to electromagnetic sources such as mobile phone

base stations.
A 2002 survey study by Santini et al. in France found a variety of self-

reported symptoms for people who reported that they were living within
300 metres (984 ft) of GSM cell towers in rural areas, or within 100 m (328 ft) of
base stations in urban areas. Fatigue, headache, sleep disruption and loss of
memory were among the symptoms reported. Similar results have been
obtained with GSM cell towers in Spain, Egypt Poland and Austria. No major
studies have been reported in which health effects did not occur on actual
populations living near mobile base stations. However, there are significant
challenges in conducting studies of populations near base stations, especially in

assessment of individual exposure.

In order to protect the population living around base stations and users of
mobile handsets, governments and regulatory bodies adopt safety standards,

which translate to limits on exposure levels below a certain value. There are
many proposed national and international standards, but that of the International
Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) is the most

respected one, and has been adopted so far by more than 80 countries. For
radio stations, ICNIRP proposes two safety levels: one for occupational
exposure, another one for the general population. Currently there are efforts
underway to harmonize the different standards in existence.

Many governmental bodies also require that competing

telecommunication companies try to achieve sharing of towers so as to decrease

environmental and cosmetic impact. This issue is an influential factor of rejection

of installation of new antennas and towers in communities.

Negative Effects of Radiation from X-ray Machines, TV Sets and

Photocopiers. Man cannot escape exposure to some radiation. We are

surrounded by natural radioactivity in the earth and by cosmic rays from outer
space. This is called background radiation and cannot be controlled. We are also
exposed to manmade radiation, which can and must be controlled.

Much of the manmade radiation people are exposed to comes from

electronic products. These include diagnostic x-ray machines, television sets,

microwave ovens, radar devices, and lasers. In some cases, as with diagnostic
x-rays, radiation emitted from these devices is intentional and serves a useful
purpose. In others, as with TV sets, radiation emitted is not intentional and is not
essential to the use of the product. X-rays may be produced when electrons,
accelerated by high voltage, strike an obstacle while traveling in a vacuum, as in

a TV containing a cathode ray tube (CRT). Since many of the components in

television sets operate at thousands of volts, there is the potential for x-ray
generation. These components may produce x-rays capable of escaping from the
television receiver or CRT. This unintentional emission of x-radiation can pose a

potential hazard and must be controlled.

The U.S. Public Health Service opened an inquiry into the possible effects
of radiation leakage from color television sets. One set manufacturer, General
Electric, modified more than 100,000 sets to eliminate leakage. Surgeon General
William H. Stewart minimized the danger to viewers. He suggested a viewing

distance of six to ten feet from a color television set and warned
against prolonged exposure to the rear or sides of a set.

Negative Effects of Microwave Radiation. According to CWA, “there is

substantial scientific data that establishes negative health effects associated with
microwave radiation.” CWA cites cataracts as one possible negative health effect
from prolonged exposure, as well as well as nervous system damage and even
reproductive problems in both males and females. Exposure to microwaves is

dangerous mainly when high densities of microwave radiation are involved, as

with masers. They can cause burns, cataracts, damage to the nervous system,
and sterility. The U.S. government limits the exposure level, in general, to 10
milliwatts per square centimeter. Stricter limits are placed on microwave ovens.
Negative Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation. Human exposure to solar

ultraviolet radiation has important public health implications. Evidence of harm

associated with overexposure to UV has been demonstrated in many

studies. Skin cancer and malignant melanoma are among the most severe
health effects, but a series of other health effects have been identified. The
current report provides a quantification of the global disease burden associated

with UV. The information presented forms a knowledge base for the prevention of
adverse effects of UV exposure that is achievable with known and accessible

interventions. UV prevention focuses on protecting the skin and other organs

from UV radiation. On the other hand, a moderate degree of UV exposure is

necessary for the production of Vitamin D which is essential for bone health.
Additionally, evidence emerges that low Vitamin D levels are likely to be

associated with other chronic diseases. Thus, public health policy on ultraviolet
radiation needs to aim at preventing the disease burden associated both with
excessive and with insufficient UV exposure.

Negative Effects of Radiation on the Environment. Radiation occurs

naturally when the nuclei of radioactive elements decay. Heat and light are forms
of radiation that are generally not considered harmful. However, many forms of
radiation, such as radiation which occurs in nuclear reactions, is deadly and can
potentially cause long term environmental problems and damage. (Earle,2009).

The environmental effects of radio frequencies are also largely unclear.

Migrating birds have been known to fly right into cell phone and other
communications towers. Some blame the radiation emanating from such towers
for disorienting the birds and undermining their navigational abilities. Others
chalk such incidents up to poor visibility associated with bad weather and nothing
more. Some farmers have observed that cows grazing near cell towers are more
likely to experience still births, spontaneous abortions, birth deformities and

behavioral problems, not to mention general declines in overall health. Moving

cattle herds away from such towers has reportedly led to immediate health
improvements.
Radiation can cause severe cellular damage in seeds which sometimes

prevents them from sprouting and germinating, thus affecting the ability of plants
to reproduce. In addition, radiation can cause genetic mutations in growing plants

which can hurt their ability to survive.

Radiation can trigger genetic changes in the cells of animals which result
in the cells growing out of control. These out of control cell clusters are
cancerous tumors. In addition, higher levels of radiation can cause damage to

capillaries and small blood vessels, these higher levels can sometimes result in
catastrophic heart failure or brain aneurysms. Because radiation is often

accompanied by intense heat, which is simply a different type of radiation,

exposure to intense radiation can often "cook" an animal. Some forms of

radiation, such as microwave radiation, will cause animal life to "cook" from the
inside out.
Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Method of Research to Be Used

This study intends to investigate regarding the effects of computer

radiation to the students.This will give a thought regarding the negative effects of
using too much computer of every students spending their time,Furthermore to

avoid of being expose on computers.A helpful research, which creates answer

for an issue, we will observed. Based on the difination of wikipedia, there are
most of the students spending their time of computer users rather than spending
time on their study.This sort of approach to all students that they need to
minimize their time by using computer.

Population, Sample size, Sampling Techniques

The study had 50 respondents directly from the chosen senior high school
student of Christ the King College of Science and Technology. There are 3
sections on grade 11 and has 30 above students each. Purposively, the

researchers chose three sections or 50 students as the respondents of the study.

The population of this study composed of the students, to asked about some
effects when they are using computers.

Data Gathering Procedures

In conducting the study, the researchers have undergone procedures in

gathering data. To start the study, the researchers prepared request letters
addressed to the principal of the identified senior high school within the
Jaysonville II Subd.Muntinlupa City, who granted the permission to conduct a

study on how the Computer Radiation effects to the Grade 11 Information

Communication and Teachnology Students in Christ the King College of Science

and Technology. After the approval of the letter, the researchers conducted the
actual study. First we plan on how we will do the study about computer radiation
and it comes to an idea, and create a question to be use as our guide. We also
conducted an interview to some of the students in Christ the King. The instructed
interview is mostly a question and answer session, to gather more information

and idea about this topic we browse and visit some website.
Research Instrument
The researchers used computer radiation as instruments of the study. The

researchers know how really effects of computer radiation to the students. The
researchers also and how a student can limit the use of computer.
Validation of Instrument
The researchers used computer radiation in administering the study. Then

the researchers know the effects of the computer radiation and the researchers
were reviewed it to the teachers of the students. After the result and comments of
their teacher, the researchers adminstered them to the selected senior high
school students in Christ the King College of Science and Technology.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The following statistical tools were utilized in the data gathered:

1.Percentage – was used to get the percent of the respondent categorized by

their gender and age.

The formula of percentage:

𝑓
𝐏= × 100
𝑛
Where:
P – percentage
f – frequency
n – total number of population

2.Weighted Mean – used to identify the average mean scores of students in the
formative tests given every after the lesson.

The formula for mean:

∑ 𝒇𝒙
̅=
𝒙
∑𝒇
Where: 𝑥̅ – Mean
∑ 𝑓𝑥 – Sum of the product of weights multiplied by their respected

frequency
∑ 𝑓 – sum of all respondent

Effects of playing Wordscapes in Grade 11 Information

and Communication Technology students in

Christ the King College of Science and

Technology (S.Y. 2018-2019)

A Thesis submitted in Partial Fulfilment of Requirements

Of the Grade 12 - ICT in Inquiries

Investigation and Immersion

Submitted By:
Aguilar, Ace Mark S.

Submitted To:
De Vera, Mary Jane T.

Inquiries Investigation and Immersion Teacher

CHAPTER 1
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRO0044xUCTION
Wordscapes is a brain challenging fun game which is made with the

combination of word search and crosswords. The game starts with easy puzzles
and becomes challenging. There are over 800 puzzles in this game which is
really amazing. Though, the developers call it modern word game, it’s quite
regular word games. I mean, not too much unique like Alpha Swipe or Under a
Spell. But, it’s really enjoyable and one of the most addicting word puzzle game.
The gameplay is simple. You have to make words using given alphabets.
Actually, you have to make lots of words using same letters on one level. To
make words, swipe your fingers from one letter to another to make a word. If you
create a correct word, it will fill the puzzle boxes automatically, and then you
have to make another word. Sounds easy, right? But, not always. Harder levels
are really too much challenging. You need to pay concentration to complete
levels faster. But if you stuck somewhere, you can use Hints.
In this game, you can stimulate your mind by visiting 10 beautiful locations
named Sunrise, Forest, Canyon, Sky, Tropic, Mountain, Winter, Flora, Autumn
and, Jungle. The site names make you interested in playing this game. Visually,
Wordscapes is 2D. The graphics are good enough as well as colourful. The
game is very user-friendly that you can easily handle it. Music and sound are
also cool, but you can mute them in the Settings folder.
Games have great educational potential in addition to their entertainment

value. Games specifically designed to address a specific problem or teach a

specific skill have been very successful, precisely because they are motivating,
engaging, interactive, and provide rewards and reinforcement to improve.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Objective or Purpose of the Study

This study wants to know the effects of playing wordscapes to the grade
11 ICT students of Christ the King College of Science and Technology.

Research Question
Specially, the study aims to seek answers to the following

sub problems:
1. What are the possible effects of playing wordscapes?

2. How it effects on their studies of playing wordscapes?

3. How many hours they spends their time?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is to know the significant or who will be the benefits to the
following.
STUDENTS— In this study, they will inform how wordscapes effects on their
studies. And to know their limitation of playing wordscapes and how it challenge our
brains because of the different combination word.

TEACHERS— They will guide the students that they need to minimize of playing
wordscapes because it can effects on their studies.

FUTURE RESEARCHER— In this case, the future researcher will give an information
about playing wordscapes. They are also who one's to solve the problem based on their
research title.
Conceptual Framework
Effects of playing Wordscapes

CAUSE: EFFECTS:
This text twist of a word game is Games have great educational

tremendous brain challenging fun. potential in addition to their
Figure 1: Research Paradigm

There are over 800 puzzles in this game which is really amazing. Though,
the developers call it modern word game, it’s quite regular word games. I mean,
not too much unique like Alpha Swipe or Under a Spell. But, it’s really enjoyable
and one of the most addicting word puzzle game. The gameplay is simple. You
have to make words using given alphabets. Actually, you have to make lots of
words using same letters on one level. To make words, swipe your fingers from
one letter to another to make a word. If you create a correct word, it will fill the
puzzle boxes automatically, and then you have to make another word. Sounds
easy, right? But, not always. Harder levels are really too much challenging. You
need to pay concentration to complete levels faster. But if you stuck somewhere,
you can use Hints.

Scope and Delimatation

If you not control yourself in the game of Wordscapes can result in

negative effects in children. Moreover, equal accessibility and information

security are issues that are essential parts of the development and
implementation of technology, as well as of health games. Use of digital games

can be restrained by the absence of ownership and poor accessibility to digital

devices or lack of needed skills for technology use. The game play can be also
inaccessible because of some disability such as visual impairment. In addition,

health related technology may interest also those with malicious aims. Thus, all
health applications including any personal or health information should be

secured from different kind of cyber‐attacks.

Theoretical Framework
Missing word, for our purposes, is a word, phrase, object, image or

concept which is hidden in such a way that it may be uncovered, with the
intention that the process of uncovering it will be entertaining.

All wordsare based on all of words or unfamiliar wordsin which we are

prone to misinterpreting our environment. For instance, many words with different
spellings and meanings sound alike when spoken. This

confusing inconvenience can be used to create a puzzle:

Wordscapes play on those niches in the day to day human experience between
certainty and the unknown where frequent errors occur. Any error common to
humans in general can be turned into a words. Illusions work in the same way,
illusions trigger those aspects of the human interpretation of the senses that
consistently fail to correctly convey reality. Word s are a catalog of the limitations
and weaknesses of the human mind. Perhaps the reason solving words is
enjoyable is because we are hardwired to receive pleasure when we overcome

our weaknesses.
Definition of Terms
a.Wordscape- A landscape constructed from words or language; a word collage.

b.Unfamilliar Words-Not famillliar words or not popular words.

c.Scape-a long, leafless flower stalk coming directly from a root.

d.Word-a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with

others (or sometimes alone) to form a sentence and typically shown with a space
on either side when written or printed.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This modern word game combines the best of word searching and
crosswords for tremendous brain challenging fun! You’ll never experience a dull
moment after you try this most addicting word puzzle game! Play this crossword
puzzle once and you won’t be able to put it down! - Escape and stimulate your
mind by visiting the beautiful destinations of Wordscapes! - Get your word hunt
on with over 2,500 puzzles! - Challenge your brain – this word search starts easy
and becomes challenging fast! Wordscapes is a perfect fit for fans of popular
word games, by combining the best of word search games and crossword
puzzles. HOW TO PLAY Wordscapes - Correct swipe the letters horizontally,

vertically, diagonally, forwards or backwards to form a specific hidden word. -Find

as many words as possible to unlock levels and earn extra bonus coins. -Fill in
every block with a word! Earn coins when you discover star words. - Have
difficulty coming up with the word? You can use coins to buy a hint to help solve
the level.
Wordscapes isn't a bad game exactly, but it tends to drag on and on

initially until you reach a Somewhat challenging level. You have to go through
every level, one by one by one, etc. to unlock the next level. If you find the levels
too easy, you can't skip ahead. And if you have a better vocabulary than the
game, it can be quite frustrating to guess which ones the game will accept. I'm on
level 99 and was able to do maybe 90 of those in my sleep. But, I stuck with it
and now find myself having somewhat more fun. One good thing: There are ads,
but not too many and they are easily deleted. PS - I finally deleted the game. I
knew so many more words than the game that it became a sort-of trial and error
situation. You try every possible combination of letters until you hit the correct
one. You are not rewarded for your knowledge, but only for guessing correctly.
Yawn.
Wordscapes is a game developed by People Fun Inc and is a big hit with
most players. Wordscapes is a game where you get a variety of letters and you
have to make as many words possible out of them. Every new level has a new
scene of nature in the background. And the higher the level the harder it gets
with more letters and longer, tougher words. The game has a 5-star rating on
both the App Store and Google Play. Wordscapes is enjoyed by audiences from
8 and up some comments reading “This is a great game to get my children

thinking about vocabulary and spelling.” People Fun Inc has made a variety of
games including.
Wordscapes uncrossed which takes away the crossword aesthetic from

the original game. I think that many people will enjoy this game with the
challenges it brings. I like it because the puzzles aren’t impossible and you learn
from it, too.

According to Christine Blaney and Liam McComish.Wordscape is a

learning environment where children can use physical play to interact with and
control words, images and animations which are projected on walls or screens.
The focus is on playing with words and letterforms. The Wordscape environment
motivates children to develop their language and literacy skills. Children can
explore, interact with, manipulate and control words individually or collaborate

with others to make things happen. Sound and movement sensors pick up their
interactions and trigger changes in typographical elements of the story, to make

images appear, play music and sounds and get visual/sound clues about the
meanings of specific words. Wordscape uses new technology alongside

traditional methods (drawing, painting, playing) to reinforce children’s literacy

learning. Wordscape uses active and interactive physical play away from the
computer screen, TV, white board or games console. It provides a fun space so
that children including ‘reluctant learners’ will be motivated to return to it again

and again, reinforcing their word skills and developing social skills. The
environment can transform the way children learn by creating new learning
spaces that are also play spaces. The focus, scale and physical interaction of
wordscape is new and exciting and we are continuing to develop the project and
gather feedback from children to discover what is possible.

Parents need to know that WordScapes is a word spelling game for iOS
and Android devices. Gameplay is a mix of crossword and word search puzzles.
There isn't a comprehensive set of directions, so players may be a little unclear

about what they're earning when they finish rounds and what they're working
toward. At least there isn't any inappropriate content, and gamers can't chat with
or meet other people using the app. Players can spend real money to purchase
in-game items like hints ranging from $.99 to $49.99, and they're subjected to
occasional ads unless they spend a one time fee to get rid of them.
WORDSCAPES combines elements of a word search game and a

crossword puzzle. Players are given a few letters and are challenged to guess
what words they could form; you can shuffle the order of your letters or purchase
a hint for a 100 coins. There's no guess limit for a puzzle; to enter a guess, kids
drag their finger across each letter in a word. Players can also click on a button
to see word definitions. Puzzles are grouped into sections, such as forest and
sunrise, that gamers move through as they complete rounds. Longer, more
difficult words pop up as levels are advanced.

This word game app mixes in fun with learning elements to give players
an amusing time that can educate gamers while it entertains them. In

Wordscapes, players can scramble letters they're given to see if a different

formation will spark some spelling ideas, and they can get a detailed description
of targeted words, which helps elevate the game to more than a just-for-fun
pastime. It's easy to play since you swipe to choose letters, and gamers
repeatedly see positive statements after they've guessed all the words in a
puzzle correctly, which provides encouragement to keep playing. They'll

consistently get more challenging puzzles as they do -- puzzles progress from

three to seven-letter words at higher difficulty levels, but these are phrases even
little kids should be able to recognize. The real challenge when you're asked, at
times, to come up with eight or so different words from just four letters, which
sometimes seems impossible.

The only big drawback is Wordscapes' lack of clear instructions. It's fairly
easy to figure out how to play, and there's a few quick pop up hints, but
otherwise, there's no tutorial on how to play or what you're doing through the
game. As a result, players won't know how they're earning coins (the app's
currency for hints) or how levels are structured. Nor will they learn that you'll earn
a couple of coins for some bonus words that occasionally pop up. There's also no
randomly generated puzzles here; if you get stuck, you have to either spend your
earned coins for hints or pay for additional help to get past the word you're
having trouble with. That could make some gamers stop playing if they don't want
to pay for hints, and also limits its replayability. But if you can overlook this
problem and you want to give your brain a workout, Wordscapes is a fun little
challenge.
Wordscapes is a free mobile crossword game developed by PeopleFun

that users of all ages can enjoy. It will make you rack your brains out as the
levels get more challenging and words become more difficult to form. It is about
time to get the gears of your mind working, don’t you think?
The game starts off really easy. Wordscapes will give you 3-4 letter words
to figure out during the first few levels. Consider it a warm-up if you will but do not
underestimate how hard and complicated the words will get as you progress.
There is also a daily puzzle you will need to solve. It provides a different level of
difficulty because it will ask you to form words in a particular order in the
crossword.
Wordscapes proves to be an excellent brain exercise because of its tricky

letter combinations, which can form many possible words. This is the perfect
game where you can test the extent of your vocabulary and also expand it. To
give you a taste of Wordscapes, how many words do you think you can make
with E D R D E E D N?
Having a hard time? If you happen to get stuck, there is nothing to fear!
Wordscapes allows you to buy hints using the coins you have earned from the
previous puzzles you have successfully completed. You will also receive coins
when you are able to form the bonus words that are not part of the main
crossword puzzle.
A game for all.Wordscapes is a very entertaining and educational

game that can be played by everyone at any time and place. Kids and
adults alike can find this game enjoyable.The background landscapes of

the game are colorful and pleasing to the eyes and you get to unlock more
of them when you clear a level. Its calming music also helps you focus and
think properly.
Technology has become an integral part of our lives. It has transformed our
lives in many ways. It makes life more convenient for us. Nowadays, adolescents
are more likely to be seen playing video games. Whenever a wave of teenage
violence strikes, movies, TV, or video games often take the heat. Some adults
assume that movies, TV, and video games are a bad influence on kids, and they
blame these media for causing various problems. Purported negative effects such
as addiction, increased aggression, and various health consequences such as

obesity and repetitive strain injuries tend to get far more media coverage than the
positives. While there are some negatives on playing video games, there’s no
denying that they stop us from getting outside. There are also some benefits.
Surprisingly, playing video games can help our physical, mental, and emotional
health. We improve in ways that we never expected, whether we’re playing World
of Warcraft with our friends, playing Call of Duty alone, or even pulling out the Wii
dancing in to the rhythm of Just Dance as an exercise. A growing number of

researchers said that if used in the right way, video and computer games have the
potential to inspire learning. And they can help players improve coordination and
visual skills.
Playing games such as puzzle games, word search, crosswords, mix and
matching, scrabble, etc. are brain stimulating problems that test one’s ingenuity.
These games boost brain power which makes them a proper choice for use in
educational purposes besides just providing mere entertainment. They educate,

improve your intelligence quotient, improve your cognitive ability, improve your
concentration, enhance motor skills, improve your problem solving skills, improve
productivity and can improve your social skills.

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Method of Research to Be Used

The study intends to investigate regarding the effects of playing

Wordscapes. This will give a thought regarding the Possitive or negative effects
of that playing wordscapes.Additionally, a helpful research, which creates

answers for an issue, will be observed. Based from its definitions from Wikipedia,
it is the most widely recognized software engineering research technique. This

sort of approach requests a type of approval that didn't should be very as

experimentally based as in different kinds of research like exploratory research.

Population, Sample size, Sampling Techniques

The population of this study composed of the ICT students are playing
wordscapes in Christ the king college of science and technology. Basically the
respondents are asked about the problem that can give any information what is
wordscape all about .

Description of Respondents
The research will aim to gather information about the problem which is the
effect of playing wordscapes. Having a constructive research method it will also

discuss the all of instruction and all of study about this game.
The respondents of this study are the ICT stundents of Christ the king
college of science and technology.We constructed a questionnaire and

conducted an interview or survey to 15 student. They shared some of the effects

of the wordscapes app that they have encountered and told us what they have
done to help us on our study. Their answers gave us more idea about wordscape
because we not just rely on what we read it is based from their experienced.
Research Instrument
The instrument that is utilized as a part of this exploration is simply the

app which has the issue to tackle. Seeing in the wordscape game that has more
positive effect to all students. To accumulate more data, we additionally utilized

the web to visit the diverse site that discussions about wordscaoes. Another
instrument that we used is the questionnaires that we used in conducting the

interview.
Data-gathering Procedure
First, we plan on how we will do the study about effects of playing

wordscape and it comes to an idea to sight a specific type of what is the good to
this game. Then, we set our objectives and create a question to be use as our
guide. We observed some of the stundents who play wordscape of our

respondents that has enjoyable game and that gave an idea about necessary
words. We also conducted an interview to some of the ICT student of Christ the
king college of science and technology . The instructed interview is mostly a

question and answer session. To gather more information and idea about this
topic, we browse the internet and visit the different websites that discuss the
game wordscapes. We search the effects of playing woprdscapes and the

solution to the problem. After we gather the data, we study and understand its
concept and that we came out on this study.

Formulation of Instrument
The researchers used a control self to avoid addicting children as

instruments of the study. The researchers focus on the instruction and what’s
about that game.Validation of Instrument

The researchers used control self,and other can stop the over time in this
game. After the approval of the said persons, the researchers administered them
to the selected senior high school ICT stundents of Christ the King College of
Science and Technology.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The following statistical tools were utilized in the data gathered:

1. Percentage – was used to get the percent of the respondent’s computer

specifications categorized by their Operating System and Processor

Generation.
The formula of percentage:

𝑓
𝐏= × 100
𝑛
Where:
P – percentage
f – frequency
n – total number of population

2. Weighted Mean – used to identify the average mean rate of the positive
effect of playing wordscapes.

The formula for mean:

∑ 𝒇𝒙
̅=
𝒙
∑𝒇
Where: 𝑥̅ – Mean
∑ 𝑓𝑥 – Sum of the product of weights multiplied by their respected

frequency
∑ 𝑓 – sum of all respondent

1. t-test for Independent Mean – a parametric test of significance used to

determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the

means of two independent samples. In the study, it is used to find the

significant difference in the test scores of students between the control group
and experimental group.

The formula for t-test (independent):

𝑥
̅̅̅1 − ̅̅̅
𝑥2
𝑡=
𝑠2 𝑠2
√ 1+ 2
𝑛1 𝑛2
Where:
𝑥1 = mean of sample 1
̅̅̅
𝑥2 = mean of sample 2
̅̅̅
n1 = number of cases in sample 1

n2 = number of cases in sample 2

𝑠12 = variance of sample 1

𝑠22 = variance of sample 2

2. t- test for Dependent or Correlated Mean- used to find the difference

between the two groups. A single sample is studies under two separate
conditions, two sets of measurement are obtained from these conditions. In

the study, this is used to know the significant difference in the mathematics
attitude of students in the experimental group before and after the execution
of games.
The formula for t-test (dependent):

∑𝐷
𝑡=
𝑁(∑ 𝐷2 ) − (∑ 𝐷)2
√
(𝑁 − 1)
Where:
∑ 𝐷 = Summation of Difference
∑ 𝐷2 = Summation of Square of Difference

𝑁= Population
3. Pearson r (Pearson Product – Moment Correlation Coefficient) – is a

measure of the correlation (linear independence) between two variables x and

y, given a value between +1 and -1 inclusive. It is widely used in science as a

measure of the strength and weakness of the relation. It is used to identify if

there is a significant difference between the students who were exposed to

instructional games and those who were not exposed to instructional games
in terms of mathematics achievement and attitude.

The formula for Pearson r:
𝑛(∑ 𝑥𝑦) − (∑ 𝑥)(∑ 𝑦)

𝑟=
[√𝑛(∑ 𝑥 2 ) − (∑ 𝑥)2 ][√𝑛(∑ 𝑦 2 ) − (∑ 𝑦)2 ]
Where:
r – Pearson R
∑ 𝑥 – summation of the variable x
∑ 𝑦 - summation of the variable y
∑ 𝑥𝑦 – summation of the product of x and y variables
∑ 𝑥 2 – summation of the squares of x
∑ 𝑦 2 – summation of the squares of y
n – total number of values

± 1.0 Perfect Positive Correlation/ Perfect Negative Correlations
± 0.80 − ± 0.99 Very High Positive Correlation/ Very High Negative Correlation
± 0.60 − ± 0.79 High Positive Correlation/ High Negative Correlation
± 0.40 − ± 0.59 Moderate Correlation/Marked Correlation
± 0.20 − ± 0.39 Low Correlation/Substantial Correlation
± 0.01 − ± 0.19 Slight Correlation/ Negligible Correlation

below is a guide in interpreting coefficients of correlation

4. t-value (statistically significant) – is one in which a difference between two

groups is unlikely to have occurred because the sample happened to be

atypical. Statistical significance is determined by the size of the difference

between the group averages, the sample size, and the standard deviations of
the groups. For practical purposes statistical significance suggests that the
two larger populations from which we sample are “actually” different.

The formula for T-value:

𝑟√𝑁 − 2
𝑡=
√1 − 𝑟 2
Where:
t – t-value
r - Pearson r
N - Population

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CHRIST THE KING COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

JAYSONVILLE II SUBD., PUTATAN, MUNTINLUPA CITY

Effects of Computer Radiation among Grade 11 Information

and Communication Technology Students in Christ

the King College of Science And Technology

A Thesis submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements

Of the Grade 12 - ICT in Inquiries

Investigation and Immersion

De Vera, Mary Jane T.

Inquiries Investigation and Immersion Teacher

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Computer radiation is the process of spreading out of energy in rays. The

emission or outward flow of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves,

waveform. From computer radiation can cause or contribute to the cause of

computers poses a significant danger if it is excessive. In this research computer

radiation is anavoidable part of our life specially in millenials. Exposure to large

amount of electromagnetic radiation can caused meaningful damage to health

computer that can caused a different diseases because of the radiation.

devices is growing every day. As previously stated, prolonged use of laptop

computers is common, and therefore dangers to one’s health from computer

concerned, electromagnetic radiation is the other primary focus for concerned

can't focus on their studies because of using computer we forget our

computer isn't good to our eyesight.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Objective or Purpose of the Study

This study aims to investigate the possible effects of computer radiation to

Specially, the study aims to seek answers to the following sub

` 1.)What are the negative effects of computer radiation to the students?

2.)What is the best way to protect ourselves from computer radiation?

3.)What are the disadvantage of being expose on the computer?

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be great benefit to the following:

being exposed to the computer.

the radiation of computer.

FUTURE RESEARCHER— They want to able give an information to their research

Large amounts of electromagnetic Computer radiation can have a

Figure 1: Research Paradigm

If you use computers at work or at home, or both, then computers may be

your biggest source of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) . Could this radiation

threaten your health?

Computers today generate both low-frequency and radio-frequency EMR.

 Damage to nerves, immune system and reproductive systems.

See EMF Health Effects.

Symptoms of EMF Exposure

Symptoms of frequent and prolonged EMF exposure are often dismissed as

being caused by stress, overwork, or just getting older. These include

 Concentration and memory disorders

 Skin prickling, itching, burning or flushing sensations on the face or elsewhere

 Uncomfortable, dry or swollen mucous membranes in the throat, ears or

 Muscle and joint pains

Scope and Delimitation

Computer radiation is comprised of various types of electromagnetic

many different types of electromagnetic radiations (EMR). Computers emit both

Frequency) electromagnetic radiation, as well as soft x-rays if using an old style

more detrimental the electromagnetic frequencies upon the body.

Using a computer for anywhere from 4 to 8 hours a day is not unusual

blurred vision, headaches, dehydration, irritability, skin rashes, spaciness and

birth defects and miscarriages.

This document is the expression of the collective opinion by the NEA

the foreseeable future. It is an outgrowth of an NEA workshop entitled, "Radiation

does not dwell on accomplishments, which are considerable. Rather, it focuses

on issues and speculates about the future, because a primary purpose is to