Chapter 01

Adobe Photoshop
1.1 Introduction:
Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe
Systems for macOS and Windows.

Photoshop was created in 1988 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since then, it has become the
defacto industry standard in raster graphics editing, such that the word "photoshop" has
become a verb as in "to Photoshop an image," "photoshopping" and "photoshop content",
though Adobe discourages such use. It can edit and compose raster images in multiple
layers and supports masks, alpha compositing and several color models including RGB,
CMYK, CIELAB, spot color and duotone. Photoshop has vast support for graphic file
formats but also uses its own PSD and PSB file formats which support all the
aforementioned features. In addition to raster graphics, it has limited abilities to edit or
render text, vector graphics 3D graphics and video. Photoshop's feature set can be
expanded by Photoshop plug-ins, programs developed and distributed independently of
Photoshop that can run inside it and offer new or enhanced features.

1.2 History:
Photoshop was developed in 1987 by the American brothers Thomas and John
Knoll, who sold the distribution license to Adobe Systems Incorporated in 1988.
Thomas Knoll, a PhD student at the University of Michigan, began writing a
program on his Macintosh Plus to display grayscale images on a monochrome
display. This program, called Display, caught the attention of his brother John
Knoll, an Industrial Light & Magic employee, who recommended that Thomas turn
it into a full-fledged image editing program. Thomas took a six-month break from
his studies in 1988 to collaborate with his brother on the program. Thomas renamed
the program ImagePro, but the name was already taken. Later that year, Thomas
renamed his program Photoshop and worked out a short-term deal with scanner
manufacturer Barneyscan to distribute copies of the program with a slide scanner; a
"total of about 200 copies of Photoshop were shipped" this way.

1.3 Tools:
1.3.1 Rectangular Marquee Tool
Use this tool to make selections on your image, in a rectangular shape. This
changes the area of your image that is affected by other tools or actions to be within
the defined shape.

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1.3.2 Move Tool
Use this tool to, well, move things. Usually you use it to move a Layer around after
it has been placed. Hold the [Shift] key to limit the movements to
vertical/horizontal.

1.3.3 Polygon Lasso Tool

This should be the Lasso Tool, but I use the Polygon Lasso a lot more often. Use this to
draw selections in whatever shape you would like. To close the selection, either click on
the beginning point or just double-click..

1.3.4 Magic Wand Tool

Use this to select a color range. It will select the block of color, or
transparency, based on wherever you click. In the Options Bar at the top, you can change
the Tolerance to make your selections more/less precise.

1.3.5 Crop Tool

The Crop Tool works similarly to the Rectangular Marquee tool .The difference
is when you press the [Enter/Return] key, it crops your image to the size of the box. Any
information that was on the outside of the box is now gone. Not permanently, you can
still undo.

1.3.6 Slice Tool

This is used mostly for building websites, or splitting up one image into smaller
ones when saving out. It’s kind of an advanced tool, and since
you’re in here for the basics, we’ll kind of skip over it.

1.3.7 Healing Brush Tool

This is a really useful tool. Mildly advanced. You can use this tool to
repair scratches and specs and stuff like that on images. you select a nice/clean area
of your image of the Brush tool.

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1.3.8 Brush Tool

This is one of the first tools ever. It’s what Photoshop is based off of. Well,
not really, but it’s pretty basic. It paints one your image, in whatever color you have
selected, and whatever size you have selected.

1.3.9 Clone Stamp Tool

This is very similar to the Healing Brush Tool (see above). You use it the
exact same way, except this tool doesn’t blend at the end. It’s a direct copy of the
information from the first selected area to the second

1.3.10 History Brush Tool

This tool works just like the Brush Tool (see above) except the
information that it paints with is from the original state of your image. If you go
Window>History, you can see the History Palette. The History Brush tool paints
with the information from whatever History state is selected.

1.3.11 Eraser Tool

This is the anti-Brush tool. It works like an eraser and erases whatever
information wherever you click and drag it. If you’re on a Layer, it will erase the
information transparent. If you are on the background layer, it erases with whatever
secondary color you have selected.

1.3.12 Gradient Tool

You can use this to make a gradiation of colors. Gradiation doesn’t
appear to be a word, but it makes sense anyway. It creates a blending of your
foreground color and background color when you click and drag it. Like a gradient.

1.3.13 Blur Tool

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 The Blur tool is cool. It makes things blurry. Click and drag to make things
blurry. The more you click and drag, the blurrier things get.

1.3.14 Dodge Tool

This tool isn’t as crappy as the car brand. It’s actually used to lighten
whatever area you use it on. As long as it is not absolute black. Absolute black won’t
lighten.

1.3.15 Path Selection Tool

You use this tool when working with paths. Since this is all about the basics, I
won’t go into details. It’s related to the Pen Tool though.

1.3.16 Horizontal Type Tool

It makes type. Or text. Or whatever you want to call it. You can click a single
point, and start typing right away. Or you can click and drag to make a bounding box of
where your text/type goes. There’s a lot of options for the Type Tool. Just play around,
it’s fairly straight-forward.

1.3.17 Pen Tool

I mentioned this tool above. It’s for creating paths, in which you would use the
Path Selection Tool to select the path. Paths can be used in a few different ways, mostly
to create clipping paths, or to create selections

1.3.18 Rectangle Tool

By default it draws a Shape Layer in the form of a rectangle. It fills the rectangle
with whatever foreground color you have selected. It’s pretty complicated, don’t hurt
yourself with this one.

1.4 Applications:
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  Creating 3D Shapes.
 This is handy for things like 3D text to simple animations.
 Photoshop also has a 3D feature that few know of.
 Creating logos.
 Photoshop plays a prominent role in web design.
 Helping site designers to create the backgrounds, text, site buttons and 3-D
artwork for modern web sites.
 Designers can also use Photoshop to enhance photos and images for use on
websites.
 Architects use Photoshop's 2-D- and 3-D-rendering and editing tools to create
more realistic design models for building projects
 Photoshop's editing tools allow architects to enhance the images they create,
adding shadows and texture to make models more realistic.
 They can also use the program to edit backgrounds and create animations from
still images.
 Photo manipulation
 Photo restoration
 I can make a chart, Infographic, and poster I want using Photoshop.

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 Chapter 02
Macromedia Flash
2.1 Introduction:
Macromedia's popular application Flash has redefined the way web
developers approach web design. With flash the web developer is now able to create a
user experience that is rich in media and relatively quick loading, especially compared to
traditional methods like GIF animations. Websites made up of music, videos, and custom,
graphic intensive interfaces are all possible with Macromedia Flash.

2.2 History:
Macromedia originated in the 1992 merger of Authorware Inc and
MacroMind-ParacomP.Director, an interactive multimedia-authoring tool used to make
presentations, animations, CD-ROMs and information kiosks, served as Macromedia's
flagship product until the mid-1990s. Authorware was Macromedia's principal product in
the interactive learning market. As the Internet moved from a university research medium
to a commercial network, Macromedia began working to web-enable its existing tools
and develop new products like Dreamweaver. The first multimedia playback in
Netscape's browser was a Director plug-in. Macromedia licensed Sun's Java
Programming Language in October 1995. By 2002, Macromedia produced more than 20
products and had 30 offices in 13 different countries. Let's start learning about flash
toolbox, it has many tools to draw graphic, fill color, gradient color and modify the shape
of the drawn by the tools. Some tools have hidden tool that is indicated by a little black
triangle shape that is situated right bottom corner of the tools. I have given below every
tool's description so read carefully.

2.3 Tools:
In the tool section in the toolbar, we have different type of tool to make
graphic and modification in that. All the tools are fully describe below.

2.3.1 Selection Tool

Selection tool helps to select and modify the object shape. We can move
any object which we have imported and drawn. We can delete the any part of any
formatted picture but remember the picture should be break (To make break picture, press
Ctrl + B key).

2.3.2 Subselection tool

When we need modification to make different shape of the drown graphic in
the document, we need a tool that is Subselection tool. It highlight the anchor point of the
graphic by click on that to arrange point and get different shape as required.

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2.3.3 Free Transform tool
Free Transform tool is very important tool, this tool helps us to scale, reflect of
the picture and we can rotate the object from the particuler point. we can also skew of
object as per our requirement.

2.3.4 Gradient Transform Tool

With the help of this tool you can scale and rotate of the Gradient. When you
fill the Gradient on object. Select the Gradient Transform tool or pres F. then you can
work this bounding box Ex. Moving the gradient, move the focal point.

2.3.5 Lasso Tool

Lasso tool is a free hand selection tool. you can use this tool to select the
object as you required and delete. when you select lasso option one magic wand tool and
magic wand setting also appear down of the tool pallet, you can change the setting of this
tool.

2.3.6 Pen Tool

Pen tool used to draw graphics by the anchor points and create line path in the
document.

2.3.7 Add Anchor Point

We can add the more anchor point on the path and any graphic drawn by any
tool by clicking on the path.

2.3.8 Delete Anchor Point

We can delete the anchor point on the same way by Clicking on the Anchor
Points.

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2.3.9 Convert Anchor Point
We can modify the path with the help of this tool.

2.3.10 Text Tool

Select the text tool to type text on the document, click on the document with
selected text tool a text area will appeared on the document, write the text on the box.
You can scale the text area by scaling and more options will appear on the properties
panel.

2.3.11 Line Tool

With the help of line tool we can also make the curve path and draw straight
line. To make curve graphic we should draw a straight line then make curve by the help
of Subselection tool.

2.3.12 Rectangle Tool

This section has different type of shape tool to draw shape on the document
like Rectangle, Oval, Rectangle Primitive, Oval primitive and polyStar shapes.

2.3.13 Pencil Tool

This is a freehand tool that's used to drawing. when you click on the pencil
tool more option will appear bottom of the tool pallet. you can create those shapes also.

2.3.14 Brush Tool

It's also a freehand tool and used to crate drawing and lines in the
document. The different mode of the tool are also available in the flash to get different
brush effect, select brush tool some more option will appear on the bottom of the toolbar
make setting and apply on.

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2.3.15 Ink Bottle
This tool is used to change the color of stroke color and other options.

2.3.16 Paint Bucket

The paint bucket helps us to fill selected color in the selected area and
graphic, choose any color from the color pallate and fill by the paint bucket tool.

2.3.17 Eraser Tool

This is a eraser tool we can erase the object and unwanted area in the
document by five different way, the list is given below.

2.3.18 Fill Color

First choose foreground color as you want to fill in the graphic then draw
graphic on the document, it can also change after the drawing but the tool is given in the
toolbar so make first color setting.

2.4 Applications:
 Animations
 Movies
 Web applications
 Games
 In flash you can create unique text

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