Labor Code: Article 97 (a), (b), (c), (e); 173 (f), (g); 219 (e) & (f)

ART. 97. Definitions. As used in this Title:

(a) "Person" means an individual, partnership, association, corporation, business trust, legal
representatives, or any organized group of persons.
(b) "Employer" includes any person acting directly or indirectly in the interest of an employer in
relation to an employee and shall include the government and all its branches, subdivisions and
instrumentalities, all government-owned or controlled corporations and institutions, as well as
non-profit private institutions, or organizations.
(c) "Employee" includes any individual employed by an employer.
(d) "Agriculture" includes farming in all its branches and, among other things, includes cultivation
and tillage of soil, dairying, the production, cultivation, growing and harvesting of any agricultural
and horticultural commodities, the raising of livestock or poultry, and any practices performed by
a farmer on a farm as an incident to or in conjunction with such farming operations, but does not
include the manufacturing or processing of sugar, coconuts, abaca, tobacco, pineapples or other
farm products.
(e) "Employ" includes to suffer or permit to work.

ART. 173. [167] Definition of Terms

(f) "Employer" means any person, natural or juridical, employing the services of the employee.
(g) "Employee" means any person compulsorily covered by the GSIS under Commonwealth Act
Numbered One Hundred Eighty-Six, as amended, including the members of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines, and any person employed as casual, emergency, temporary, substitute or
contractual, or any person compulsorily covered by the SSS under Republic Act Numbered
Eleven Hundred Sixty-One, as amended.
ART. 219. [212] Definitions.
(e) "Employer" includes any person acting in the interest of an employer, directly or indirectly. The
term shall not include any labor organization or any of its officers or agents except when acting
as employer.
(f) "Employee" includes any person in the employ of an employer. The term shall not be limited to
the employees of a particular employer, unless the Code so explicitly states. It shall include any
individual whose work has ceased as a result of or in connection with any current labor dispute
or because of any unfair labor practice if he has not obtained any other substantially equivalent
and regular employment.