Contents

Contents…………………………………………………………………………………..i

Declaration………………………………………………….…………………………..iv

Certificate……………………………………………………………………………… .v

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………………………vi

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………..….vii

List of Figures………………………………………………………………………....viii

List of Abbreviation…….…………………………………………………………..…..ix

1. Back gorund, motivation and scope of the work………………………………...2

1.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………...............2

1.2 Motivation of the present work………………………………………….………3

1.3 Scope of the present work……………………………………………………….3

2. Power Quality Problems…………………………………………………………..5

2.1 Sources and effects of power quality problem……………………….................5

2.1.1 Causes of dips, sags and surges……………………………………...….7

2.1.2 Causes of transients and spikes……………………………………….…7

2.2 Standards associated with voltage sags ………………………………………..8

2.2.1 IEEE Standards ……………………………………………….……..…..8

2.2.2 SEMI International standards…………………………………………..10

2.3 Solutions to power quality problems…………………………..………………11

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3. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)………………………………………………14

3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………....14

3.2 Basic configuration …………………………………………………………….15

3.2.1 Injection/Booster transformer…………………………………………..16

3.2.2 Harmonic filter…………………………………………………………17

3.2.3 Voltage source converter……………………………………………….17

3.2.4 DC charging circuit…………………………………………………….18

3.2.5 Control and protection………………………………………………….18

3.3 Equations related to DVR………………………………………………………19

3.4 Operating modes………………………………………………………………..20

3.4.1 Protection mode………………………………………………………...21

3.4.2 Standby mode…………………………………………………………..22

3.4.3 Injection/Boost mode…………………………………………………...22

3.5 Voltage injection methods……………………………………………………...23

3.5.1 Pre-sag compensation method………………………………………….23

3.5.2 In-phase compensation method………………………………………...24

3.5.3 In-phase advanced compensation method …………………………….25

3.5.4 Voltage tolerance method with minimum energy injection …………..26

4. Reliazation Of Compensation Technique…………………………..……………27

4.1 Discrete PWM-Based control scheme ………………………………………...27

4.2 Test system for DVR…………………………………………………………...31

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5. Simulation and Results…………………………..……………………………..…33

5.1 ABC to DQO, DQO to ABC………... ………………………………………...33

5.2 Phase Locked Loop..…………………………………………………………...37

5.3 Pulse Width Modulation………………………………………………………..41

5.4 Transport Delay………………………………………………………...………43

5.5 Universal Bridge………………………………………………………………..49

5.6 Powergui………………………………………………………………………..55

5.7 Injection Transformer………………………………………………………......65

5.8 Three Phase Faults……………………………………………………………...67

6. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………73

References……………………………………………………………………………...74

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