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All Editorial 27 July 2019 PDF
All Editorial 27 July 2019 PDF
All Editorial 27 July 2019 PDF
me/TheHindu_Zone_official
H
iban to agree to a permanent ceasefire
E vowed to bring such a law during his padyatra as an Opposition TILAK DEVASHER
and an intra-Afghan dialogue. Can
leader, and now that he is the Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister, YS MEMBER, NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISORY BOARD Pakistan deliver? Does it have this
Jagan Mohan Reddy’s government is set to make it mandatory kind of influence? Or is the influence
W
for existing and upcoming industries in the state to ensure 75 per cent HEN Imran Khan set limited to getting the Taliban to talk,
jobs for local candidates within three years. In case no suitable candidates foot on American soil, it but not being able to influence Taliban
are available, the employers will have to train and engage locals within was the 43rd time that a demands? The jury is out on this, but
three years in collaboration with government agencies. The Employment Pakistani leader was if Trump is not satisfied, Pakistan
of Local Candidates in the Industries/Factories Bill, 2019, was passed by visiting the US since PM Liaquat could be back in the doghouse.
the Assembly within a day, and now awaits assent. One hopes it is not giv- Ali’s first visit in May 1950. Trump’s frustration was also
en. Political jingoism is one thing, but going full-steam ahead with an idea The summit between PM Imran apparent in his shocking comment
that is conceptually flawed is inviting trouble. and US President Trump generated IN A FIX: The reset in US-Pak ties would be driven by purely tactical that ‘I could win that war in a
The first-time CM cannot be faulted for his intent — ensuring jobs for a lot of interest since it took place considerations of the role Pakistan can play in Afghanistan. week. I just don’t want to kill 10
against the backdrop of several million people’, adding that
the large unemployed workforce, particularly in the rural belt, and living
years of a discordant relationship Afghanistan would be wiped off the
up to his promise. Reservation and imposing such constricting restric-
and their tense Twitter exchange Trump could change his approach if Pakistan is unable to face of the earth in 10 days.
tions in an already circumspect industrial climate, however, can only
impede growth, not generate jobs. For any investor, an enabling environ-
last year. Even before he assumed meet US expectations regarding the Afghan peace process. The key takeaway of the visit from
office, and especially since then, Pakistan’s perspective would be
ment is a pre-requisite. It is an embarrassing truth for generous state gov- President Trump had frequently And if it does, the US will have no use of Pakistan. Trump’s offer to mediate on Kashmir.
ernments that big-ticket projects which are projected as life-altering for singled out Islamabad for being a His offer was a clear departure from
locals, whose land is often acquired, only end up providing numbered low- duplicitous partner in Afghanistan. the long-held US position that Kash-
income jobs. The industry has a reasonable explanation — lack of skills. In the past, Imran Khan, too, had on Afghanistan, two issues diverted that Kashmir was a bilateral issue mir was a bilateral issue between the
The Andhra Government’s grand project stems from this experience, but been critical of his country’s part- attention. The first was Imran’s con- between India and Pakistan; the two nuclear neighbours.
fixing a quota is disruptive. ‘Domicile’ already ensures preference for nership with the US, accusing previ- fession that there were 40 terrorist administration welcomed Pakistan Other than that, the US insistence
locals in special-skill institutions. Businesses must have corporate social ous Pakistani leaders of being too groups in Pakistan and between and India sitting down and the US that Pakistan ‘do more’ continued;
responsibility, but social responsibility cannot be the primary business. deferential to American dictates. 30,000-40,000 terrorists who had stood ready only to assist the two par- no trade deal was announced or hint-
With no help in sight, similar myopic demands to reserve jobs for For Pakistan, the visit provided an fought in Afghanistan and Kashmir. ties. This showed that the US State ed at; no investment was promised;
opportunity to ‘reset’ the acrimo- The full ramifications of this Department was caught unawares by there was no announcement of the
local candidates have come up in Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh,
nious relations with the US, building acknowledgement of Pakistan being Trump’s leap into the Kashmir issue. restoration of aid/loan; and Trump
Maharashtra and Gujarat. The erroneous economics apart, the divi-
upon the significant change in a state sponsor of terror are still a A factsheet issued by the White called Pakistan subversive in the
sive concept encourages inter-state, inter-community, inter-racial Trump’s attitude towards Pakistan. work in progress and more will be House at the conclusion of the Trump- press conference. For the visit to
tensions, discourages merit, and challenges the ‘one nation’ consti- For the US, the Afghan peace process heard about it in the days to come. Khan talks, while avoiding all mention result in ‘deliverables’ a lot would
tutional right. Jobs are at the centre of the debate, state govern- leading to the withdrawal of US The second was Trump’s patently of Kashmir, stated, ‘Pakistan has taken depend on the follow-up when diplo-
ments have little to offer on their own, so nudge private players, troops was the key issue on the agen- false assertion that he had been asked some steps against terrorist groups mats get down to the nuts and bolts.
form pragmatic partnerships. Don’t bring the system down. da, with Trump viewing US exit as the by PM Modi to mediate on Kashmir. operating within Pakistan. It is vital Overall, therefore, the visit alone is
key to his re-election in 2020. Imran possibly couldn’t have believed that Pakistan take action to shut down unlikely to lead to a reset in relations
By all accounts, Imran went with a his ears and egged Trump on by saying: all groups once and for all,’ adding that with the US or a multi-faceted long-
long wish list. Substantive items ‘Mr President…you would have the ‘ Pakistan has made efforts to facilitate term engagement. If at all, the reset
L
IGHTLY, O lightly we bear her along… We bear her along like a pearl engagement with the US that was not made no such request. The External together to find a peaceful resolution of honourable exit, Trump is likely to
on a string.’ When renowned poet and freedom activist Sarojini confined to Afghanistan, but also Affairs Minister made a stronger the conflict in Afghanistan.’ come down hard. If, however, it delivers
Naidu wrote Palanquin Bearers over a century ago, she had in mind encompassed economic and trade statement in Parliament. While Trump said, ‘I think Pakistan a face-saving exit, it would no longer
a featherweight bride being ferried merrily by a bunch of singing men. In cooperation as well as peace and sta- Hours after Trump’s remarks, US is going to help us out to extricate our- need Pakistan’s cooperation. The
a jarring throwback to this lyrical scene, a palki-borne officer was caught bility in South Asia. officials did damage control by clari- selves,’ and Imran assured of full months ahead would provide a clue on
on camera in J&K’s Ramban district, resembling a feudal lord of yore. With Though the visit was meant to focus fying that Washington still believed cooperation, could the US be overes- how Pakistan resolves this dilemma.
the avowed intention of serving the people on their doorstep, Deputy Com-
missioner Showkat Aijaz Bhat ventured out in the searing heat towards
F
his feet up and an umbrella shielding him from the sun, this ‘public ser- OR years, I have lied about he listened only to my mother telling into the dark abyss of depression that balancing a sharp blade. The issue
vant’ eventually reached his destination for an outreach programme. the cause of my father’s him how I had become withdrawn I had fought and overcome. raises several sensitive questions:
When the trolls tore into him, 58-year-old Bhat claimed that the death, using medical terms and could not sleep... how I wept all A few years ago, when I per- Can we trust a mental health practi-
impromptu palanquin bearers did it out of ‘love and affection’ as such as heart attack, asthma and day and was anxious to leave. The formed rituals associated with my tioner? Can we trust the person who
there was no other means of transport. He also mentioned a health cancer to explain his prolonged man in a dark-brown business suit father’s birthday, I finally mus- we marry? Can we fall in love with a
issue, which should have made him avoid the tough trek in the first absence from practically my whole never bothered to take down my per- tered up the courage to be open person who suffers from anxiety or
place. The village headman exclaimed that the DC’s recent visit to a life. Scared of the reaction people sonal history or ask me anything, about the real cause of his death. I maybe a victim of bipolar disorder?
government school in the Chaka-Kundi area was the first by any dis- would have if I told them he battled except concluding that I was clinically received a letter from a mother. She Can we take our child struggling with
schizophrenia, and ultimately lost depressed and prescribed me a whole had lost both her husband and son psychological issues to a doctor? Will
trict administration head since Independence. That sums up the sor-
his life to the encompassing dark- notepad of medicines for the next to suicide committed out of chronic you, as a medical practitioner, be
ry state of affairs and explains the villagers’ unwillingness to antago-
ness. I never broke down in front of month or so. His cold insensitivity depression. She could not marry off humane, and not constantly check
nise Bhat, even though the officer was merely doing his duty. my mother who was rendered a reminded me of a man I was supposed her daughter for the same reason. your wall clock to assess if it is the end
Bhat and his ilk have created the impression that they are doing the young widow with a toddler, with- to marry. Once, during a bitter argu- Many prospective partners and of a session? Are we, as people, com-
lesser mortals a huge favour by simply listening to their grievances. out any support from relatives. No ment, he brought up my father and mothers-in-law refused, fearing passionate and treat depressed peo-
Bureaucrats ought to go about their job diligently, without making a pub- one was there to take my depressed remarked, ‘madness runs in your that the children she would bear ple in our lives with fairness?
lic spectacle of it. Their work must speak louder than their words and gim- mother for trauma counselling to blood’ he screamed into the phone, as would have the same pagalpan. Really, it is time to remove the
micks. If they really want to serve the humble lot, they should do it humbly. help her reconcile with her loss and I howled. My heart broke into count- Our mind is a maze, like our emo- stigma associated with mental
reconstruct her broken nest. less pieces at the way he had made so tions. Let us move beyond an argu- health. If our body can be sick,
When I began to suffer from little of me. It made me withdraw. I ment over a movie poster, Mental Hai why can’t our mind?
❝ ❞
thought for the day letters to the editor
If something is neither here nor there, where the Curse of Brahmanism That’s quite a leap
Chitambaresh advocates poverty- al institutions can play a more promi-
hell is it? — Chic Murray Refer to the editorial ‘Caste in anoth- based reservation. The Central gov- According to the latest Global nent role by urging students to stay
er mould’ (July 25); it is shocking ernment has already declared 10% Innovation Index, India has been away from drugs. Genuine NGOs can
that a person of a prejudiced mind, for the economically weaker sec- ranked at the 52nd place, the also play a vital role by making people
not having rudimentary knowledge tions. So long as identity politics biggest jump by a large economy. aware of its ill effects.
on this day...100 years ago of evolution of mankind and the unleashed by vote-bank politics of In 2015, India was ranked 81, ANUP KUMAR GAKKHAR, HARDWAR
process of civilisation of society, cul- our democratic system goes which has steadily improved in
ture and religion, is a judge. All unabated such-like reactions are the past few years. The first rank
humans are equal. Brahmanism, full bound to surface and we must learn has been retained by Switzerland Fix Aug 31 as tax date
of blind faith, orthodox rituals and to live with them. Let us not pre- followed by Sweden, the US and The Finance Ministry has taken a
castiest and communal ideology, is a tend to be more loyal than the king, the Netherlands. At 14, China is good decision in the interest of tax-
lahore, saturday, july 26, 1919
curse for society. The origin of the when the secular Constitution itself the only middle-income economy payers to extend the due date for fil-
social hierarchy of castes was linked does not object to the existence of to be ranked in the top 30. India ing returns to August 31, in respect of
OURSELVES. to professional knowledge and skills castes in the social field. has jumped 29 notches in four certain categories of taxpayers who
WE owe an explanation to our subscribers and readers, firstly, for coming rather than incidence of birth. To SURENDRA AJNAT, BANGA years, which is an indication that were liable to file ITRs by July 31.
out after such a long time, and, secondly, for appearing today — without always stay at top, even without it is inching towards becoming a Due to the extension of deadline by
any editorial matter. required knowledge and skills, the $5-trillion economy. the CBDT till July 10 for issuing
An order from the District Magistrate of Lahore demanding the deposit of administrative classes played scan- Two sides of same coin SHADI LAL, BY MAIL Form-16 to employees, only 20 days
Rs. 2,000 under section 9(1) of the Press Act was served on the publishers of dalous mischief to limit social status The parallel drawn in the article were left for salaried taxpayers to file
The Tribune on the 7th of May last. The order also prohibited the publication and choice of work to birth. Justice ‘Are we becoming increasingly ITRs. The CBDT should fix August
of The Tribune from the date of its service till the date of the deposit of the Chitambaresh is unfit to hold a con- majoritarian?’ (July 25) between Students soft target 31 as the official date every year.
security. Considering the circumstances under which the order was served, stitutional post. Steps should be tak- Trump and Modi is apt, authentic Refer to the editorial ‘Drive against SHAKTI SINGH, KARNAL
our position at the time and the general situation, a prolonged correspon- en to remove him. and credible. It signals a danger- drugs’ (July 25); frequent seizures
dence had to take place between the trustees of The Tribune before any deci- MANGA RAM, FARIDABAD ous challenge to the democratic point to the enormity of the task. The
sion could be arrived at in the matter. Correspondence had also to take place values, including secularism, to inflow of drugs at any place is due to Taking post for a ride
with the Government in the matter of the security entailing further delay in all countries since the virus of two factors: Firstly, it caters to the The photograph “DC’s ‘royal’ ride”
the reappearance of the paper. Besides certain important matters affecting Some hypocrisy here retaliation and revenge can needs of addicts, and secondly, for cre- (July 25) was funny and at the same
the interests of the paper had to be decided before its republication; and all Apropos ‘Caste in another mould’ emerge to fight the attitude of ating an ‘option’ for new consumers time annoying and shameful. How
this took a considerable time. (July 25), our Constitution recognis- arrogance and strength shown by in need of ‘stress relief’. Student hos- can a high-ranking government
As regards our coming out without any editorial, much as we regret it, we es castes and simply forbids the the majority. Any caste, creed or tels are the best places where, in the officer use men as slaves to carry
are afraid, we must, for the present, crave the indulgence of our sub- State, not society, to discriminate religion in a bigger number is name of providing sensual pleasure, him in a palanquin on an official
scribers and readers in the matter. The number of men on our editorial against anyone on the basis of sure to be domineering and the addicts are being created. It plays hav- job? The Ramban DC’s act is high-
staff just now is much below the lowest minimum required to bring out a caste, though it blatantly allows the threat becomes all the more oc with not only with their career, but ly objectionable and should be con-
daily paper. It is hoped that with the restoration of the staff to its normal so-called positive discrimination on dreadful if it enjoys the patronage also their lives. The police can control demned. The Centre should punish
strength, the paper will appear in its usual form before long. In this con- the basis of caste — a euphemism of the rulers, overtly or covertly. drug supply either at the source or on him for misusing his official status.
nection we may also refer to the limitations under which the paper has to for caste-based reservation. Justice CHAMAN ARORA, FEROZEPUR CITY its way to the destination. Education- RK KAPOOR, CHANDIGARH
come out. Various orders have been served on us by the local Government
from time to time during the last few months. Letters to the Editor, typed in double space, should not exceed the 200-word limit. These should be cogently written and can be sent by e-mail to: Letters@tribunemail.com
THE TRIBUNE
GURUGRAM | FRIDAY | 26 JULY 2019 OPED 09
T
HEY are called by many ties. One transgender even remarked nism for their social, economic and edu- Why treat the former as a lesser crime?
names: hijra, kinnar, aravani, that it was “equal to killing us”. cational empowerment”, activists point
mangalamukhi, jogappa, out that the Parliamentary Committee Course correction
jogati. Transgenders are the Understanding India’s transgenders recommendations and demands sub- The government has made two major
most visibly invisible population in the Historically, sexual fluidity has been mitted to the Minister of Social Welfare changes before introducing the Bill in
country. Even their numbers are mentioned in Jain, Hindu, Sufi and and Justice were disregarded. Parliament. The Bill earlier provided
shrouded in mystery: ranging from Mughal texts. There have been mytho- for a ‘screening committee’ under Sec-
around 4,90,000 as per Census 2011 to logical references to transgenders, Issues with the Bill tion 5 for inspecting and issuing TG
more than 1 crore (1.1 per cent of the including the Ardhnarishwara and Bri- The draft does have some shortcom- certificates. It was fundamentally con-
total population), according to the hannala. They had a socio-cultural sig- ings. Firstly, while the WHO recognises tradictory to the ‘self-identification’
UNAIDS report 2014. nificance. But under the British, the Vic- ‘transgender’ as an umbrella term upheld in the NALSA judgment. Now, a
Unfortunately, the system denied their torian orthodoxy led to the passage of “including persons whose sense of gen- person would be identified as transgen-
very human existence as they were nei- Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, TRANSGENDERS: The Supreme Court has identified them as the ‘Third Gender’. der does not match with the gender der through self-identification and a
ther male nor female, the only two gen- branding them as ‘deviant’. The dam- assigned to them at birth”, the Bill uses certificate would be issued by the dis-
ders recognised. The Election Commis- age done persists. because most schools are ill equipped to undefined terms such as ‘trans-men’, trict magistrate with the concurrence of
sion pioneered their recognition as the The lifecycle of a transgender is
The current Bill makes handle children with alternative sexual ‘trans-women’, persons with ‘inter-sex the medical officer. Section 19 of the
third gender by providing the ‘Other’ extremely painful. Children who do not remarks about the hijra identities. As they leave their houses variations’ and ‘gender-queers’. Bill criminalised begging, without pro-
option in voter registration forms in 2009. conform to the gender construct leave, young, they don’t have educational cer- As many as 15 criminal and person- visions for alternative employment.
The NALSA (National Legal Services or are forced to leave their biological culture related to begging tificates on their birth names. Even al laws only recognise ‘man’ or This could have been counterproduc-
Authority) judgment followed five years families. Only a quarter are accepted though many higher education institu- ‘woman’. As these laws are not gen- tive and disastrous for them and would
later, in which the Supreme Court iden- by the family, according to the Pehchan
and other practices. The tions have provided quota to the com- der-neutral, it is unclear how they will have made them vulnerable to police
tified them as the ‘Third Gender’. Baseline Survey, 2010. These children members are opposed to munity, higher education is only the be applied to transgenders. harassment. This was also removed.
To quote Justice KS Radhakrishnan, or young individuals begin their jour- highest rung of the ladder. A whopping Secondly, the current Bill makes It is encouraging that the govern-
“Recognition of transgenders as a third ney alone and in search of similar indi- any articulation of their 60 per cent have never seen the inside of remarks about the hijra culture relat- ment is listening. The time has come to
gender is not a social or a medical issue viduals, suffering unspeakable abuse. a school. It was recently reported that ed to begging and other practices. The look beyond the binary gender con-
but a human rights issue.” As per the UNDP and ICMRW (Inter-
culture or traditions in the only one trans-person applied for DU members are opposed to any articula- struct of ‘male’ and ‘female’. Along
The first piece of legislation was intro- national Convention on the Protection Bill. They need their admissions this year. tion of their culture or traditions in with feedback-based changes in the
duced as a private member’s Bill in the of the Rights of All Migrant Workers As a direct result of their acute mis- the Bill. They need their traditional recent Bill, the existing criminal and
Rajya Sabha: the Rights of Transgender and Members of Their Families), 50 per traditional source of treatment, vilification, ostracisation and source of income, Basti Badhai (ritu- civil laws will also have to be made gen-
Persons Bill, 2014. It was unanimously cent of transgender women have exploitation, they have to sell unsafe sex als of blessing families and children), der-neutral. Only a multi-pronged
passed in April, 2015. But upon introduc- severe mental health issues and sub-
income, Basti Badhai in order to make ends meet. Hence, they to be protected under the law. Also, it approach shall bring this extremely
tion in the LS in February, 2016, it was stance dependence. (rituals of blessing families remain highly vulnerable to fatal com- only recognises the traditional biolog- marginalised minority into the main-
criticised by lawyers, activists and mem- They are trapped in a vicious cycle of municable diseases, most notably HIV- ical family structures and not the stream. It remains to be seen what fur-
bers of the community, for reasons men- poverty due to lack of access to educa- and children), to be AIDS. Transgender sex workers are 14 hijra and the kinnar families. ther changes are made in the interest
tioned later in this article. It was referred tion and decent employment. They drop per cent more vulnerable compared to Thirdly, there are no provisions for of the all-round development of the
to a Parliamentary Committee in Sep- out of school because of bullying and
protected under the law. other sex workers. As many 7.2 per cent affirmative action, even though the transgender community.
■ Shravan Parvishte
4
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10 EDITORIAL DELHI
Gaff eur, entertainer, Brexiteer, Premier
The rise of Johnson, U.K.’s 20th Etonian PM, marks not just the ‘celebrifi cation’ of politics, but also its poisonous triviality
dership put the Conservatives on chauvinism. More seriously, his la
Second shot at power 25% of the vote, exactly what it
was before. If a new leader was
ziness and refusal to understand
his brief scuppered negotiations
Constitution is under strain in Karnataka, as supposed to result in a polling with Iran over the release of a de
an impatient Yediyurappa rushes to take oath ‘bounce’ for the Tories, this must tained British journalist, Nazanin
be very disappointing. ZaghariRatcliff e. She is still in pri
G
iving a second opportunity to a person who
Richard Seymour son.
could not prove his majority on the fl oor of the Farage off ers a ‘deal’ Yet these scandals didn’t hinder
House earlier may seem unusual. And when one
G
ive it a few years, U.K. Prime There is only one circumstance in his progress. Why? Because, like
remembers that B.S. Yediyurappa’s last term lasted only Minister Boris Johnson told which Mr. Johnson could risk an Mr. Trump, he made his base feel
three days, it may even seem amusing. However, Gover the House of Commons, election. The leader of the Brexit good. He was entertaining copy
nor Vajubhai Vala’s invitation to Mr. Yediyurappa to and Britain will be “the greatest Party, rightist enragé and former for editors, producers and his so
form a government in Karnataka is understandable. A place on earth”. The new Conser City trader Nigel Farage, has of cial media following. And in a lea
vative leader, overwhelmingly fered Mr. Johnson a “sensible dership election in which no one
coalition regime has just been voted out. In a House
elected by party activists, is the deal”. If he called an election be had any answers, Mr. Johnson at
that is only 14 months old, it was to be expected that the consummate confi dence man. fore October 31 on the promise of least had star power.
Governor would again ask the leader of the largest par With a patter that makes the Brit quitting the EU on a ‘no deal’ ba In part, this is an old story
ty to explore the possibility of forming an alternative re ish media swoon, Mr. Johnson pro sis, Mr. Farage might just stand about the Etoneducated rich
gime. Yet, questions abound on whether Mr. Yediyurap mises that he will deliver Brexit by down his Brexit Party candidates. dominating politics. Mr. Johnson is
pa should have been in such haste to stake his claim, October 31. Britain, of whose colo But by cutting such a deal right Evening Standard, back him? Why It won him the matey, gently the 20th Etonian Prime Minister.
given that there is profound uncertainty over the status nial past he is a bombastic cham now, Mr. Johnson would empower are rightwing tabloids so delirious mocking aff ection of correspon Legend has it that W.H. Auden,
of at least 13 of the legislators, and consequently, about pion, will be on top again. and legitimise a competitor, some about their new leader? The short dents, who uniformly call him ‘Bo when told by his schoolmaster
Yet, everyone knows, including one who has done enormous dam answer is that after two years of ris’. It enabled him to become that only the ‘cream’ attended his
the strength of the House. Consider the situation: one
the backbenchers roaring and age to the Conservative Party. disarray, defeats and demoralisa London Mayor twice, despite school, replied: “yes, I know what
government has been voted out only because of the ab hawing with delight at his every Even if his colleagues were to per tion, Mr. Johnson off ers that se achieving staggeringly little, and you mean: thick and rich”. The
sence of 15 legislators who were given an unusual ex word, that he can’t deliver. There mit such a deal, which is unlikely, ductive opiate: optimism. wasting money on vanity projects preparation of the thick and rich
emption by the Supreme Court from the constitutional is no time for him to reach a new he would be weakening his own Lacking answers to the constitu like water cannons. It saw him for rule has been the vocation of
bar on defying the party’s whip; the Speaker is yet to ac deal with the European Union position, confi rming his party’s tional crisis, underlying crisis of through scandals that might have the U.K.’s public schools for centu
cept their resignations, but has disqualifi ed three dissi (EU), even if it off ers a new deal. terminal descent, and risking Jere legitimacy for the political system, crushed other politicians. ries. Yet, Mr. Johnson also embo
dent MLAs under the antidefection law, and the The current Parliament will not my Corbyn in Downing Street. and stalemated economy, and well dies, not just the ‘celebrifi cation’
pass the deal that is on off er. And if The most likely scenario is that out of options, the Right is hanker Erring and apologising of politics, but also its relentless
strength of the State Assembly stands at 222, including
Mr. Johnson tries to leave without Mr. Johnson will seek yet another ing for the ‘hopeium’. As the Daily In his political columns, written and poisonous triviality. It is not
a nominated member. No one can dispute that the fall a deal, he will split his party and Brexit delay to negotiate the terms Mail’s front page beseeched, refe for the Thatcherite faithful, he is a iceable that new rightwing ten
of the CongressJanata Dal (Secular) coalition was sup probably bring down his of a new deal. And yet the only rencing a famous song by the old provocateur, who refers to black dencies are thriving in cultures of
posed to be caused by a set of tactical resignations, but government. deal he could possibly get would British comedy duo Morecambe people as “piccaninnies” with fl ippancy, contrarianism and on
the move was stalled when it became a question of pos There has been much frantic be unacceptable to much of his and Wise, “Bring Us Sunshine”. “watermelon smiles”, equates Pa line irony.
sible disqualifi cation. One would presume that the Go discussion in the British press party. He would need to build Such a bathetic plea, just over a pua New Guineans with cannibals, The pervasive lack of serious
vernor would have wanted to be doubly sure about the about Mr. Johnson’s appointed Ca crossparty support, which would couple of years after the same pap refers to gay men as “tanktopped ness in Britain’s political culture,
binet members and advisers, mean having discussions with Mr. er hopefully exhorted Prime Mi bum boys”, and suggests that the which has internalised the values
ability of the appointee to form a durable government.
stuff ed full of Brexiteers and gurus Corbyn. That, he cannot do: one nister May to “Crush The Sabo colonial powers should reconquer of mass entertainment, has ena
The BJP has the support of 106 MLAs, while the major from the ‘Vote Leave’ campaign. of the breaking points of There teurs”, shows how deep the their former empires. If ever bled the new celebritypolitician
ity mark is 112. This means that when the Governor Yet, he doesn’t get his way merely sam May’s reign was when she en depression goes. Indeed, Brexit caught out in one of these state to evade consistency and accoun
formed his opinion that Mr. Yediyurappa is in a position by surrounding himself with right tered into formal talks with Mr. was itself partly a placebo answer ments, he plays up the clowning, tability, and revive discredited
to command a majority, he was either counting on the wing ideologues. To get the parlia Corbyn, a man whom she and ma to a longbrewing melancholia on knowingly adding one more entry ideologies.
remaining 13 rebel legislators vacating their seats soon, mentary numbers he needs to de ny of her colleagues bait as a ‘trai the British Right over the loss of to his “global itinerary of To what eff ect? In this case, the
or was assured of their support to the incoming regime. liver Brexit, he would have to call a tor’ to the country. Mr. Johnson, empire: chauvinist selfassertion apology”. main result of Mr. Johnson’s ascent
snap general election. And he among the fi rst to condemn her as national therapy. His stint as Foreign Secretary is to store up yet another melt
The Assembly election of May 2018 threw up a hung
spent much of his leadership cam for it, would be hoist by his own Mr. Johnson is the right person was less kind to him. The Foreign down at the top of government,
Assembly, and resulted in the second and thirdplaced paign assuring fellow Tory MPs petard if he risked such to benefi t from this because, like and Commonwealth Offi ce being a and a bitter backlash among the
parties forming a postpoll coalition. Now that the coali that they wouldn’t have to face an negotiations. Donald Trump, he is a product of residue of the empire, Mr. Johnson base. This may be a terminal crisis
tion has unravelled, the Speaker’s decision becomes election. Why? Because, since So what, then, is the point of the entertainment industry. It is felt compelled to remind people of for the Conservative Party. And it
crucial to determining the strength of the House. The June 2017, it has been clear that Je Mr. Johnson’s charade? Why did through his selfclowning appea the fact. On a trip to Myanmar, for is not likely to end well for the
BJP, for its part, ought to have exercised restraint rather remy Corbyn could win a general Conservative MPs overwhelmingly rances on the satirical show, ‘Have example, he thoughtlessly recited country either.
than rushing in to fi ll the power vacuum. After all, three election. Because, since the Euro choose him as the best leadership I Got News For You’, that he in Rudyard Kipling’s procolonial
seats are now vacant, and the fi gure may go up to 16. pean elections, the new hardright candidate? Why did party activists vented his public persona as a poem, ‘The Road to Mandalay’. Richard Seymour is a Londonbased
Brexit Party has almost cut the trust him? Why did the Conserva harmless gaff eur, stumbling Many Britons, particularly older writer, a founding editor of 'Salvage'
The new Chief Minister may win the trust vote, but to
Conservative vote in half. The fi rst tive press, from the proBrexit Dai through political life. That persona conservatives, would have en magazine, and author of the book 'The
remain in power for the current Assembly’s term the poll since Mr. Johnson took the lea ly Telegraph to the proEurope shrouded his politics in ambiguity. joyed Mr. Johnson’s display of Twittering Machine'
party would have to win eight more seats in the result
ing byelections. The party has to live down the image
of having engineered the fall of the H.D. Kumaraswamy
government by getting Congress and JD(S) MLAs to re
sign. However, its leaders ran into an unusual road
block when the two parties and the Speaker took the
From ‘being diff erent’ to ‘being dishonourable’
view that they were quitting only with the intent of de Under Advani, being a ‘party with a diff erence’ was BJP’s article of faith; under Modi, the claim is just a nostalgic memory
fecting to the BJP. Speaker K.R. Ramesh Kumar remind
ed them that they could be disqualifi ed, rather than be party that calls itself ‘a party with them but it also speaks volumes BJP’s vaunted claim of being a
allowed to resign. He asserted that he was empowered a diff erence’?” about the sincerity of the BJP’s ‘party with a diff erence’? The
to examine whether their resignations were voluntary There wasn’t a single occasion Hindutva message. truth is that under Narendra Modi
or induced. And sensing that some of them may be when this didn’t make Mr. Advani and Amit Shah, the BJP feels like
wince. It wasn’t just embarrass Embracing the defectors any other party. In 1980, when
come Ministers in the next regime even without being
ment that I could discern but pain, Let me go one step further. Atana members of the Haryana Janata
members of the House, he reminded them that under Karan Thapar of the sort that’s selfinfl icted and, sio ‘Babush’ Monserrate faces sev Party under Bhajan Lal defected
Article 164(1B) of the Constitution, a person who is dis therefore, more hurtful. Whenev eral serious criminal charges, in en masse to Indira Gandhi’s Con
T
qualifi ed for defection could not become a minister hese days, I fi nd myself in er that happened, I knew I had cluding over the rape of a minor in gress, Mr. Advani would have
without being reelected to the House. creasingly thinking of Lal made my point. Mr. Advani was 2016. This was forcefully raised by called it the worst example of
Krishna Advani. He was the too shrewd a politician to verbally the BJP in the Panaji byelection ‘Congressisation of Indian polit
egardless of the amoral politics and skulduggery be president of the Bharatiya Janata concede but the look on his face just two months ago. ‘Save Goa ics’. Today we’re witnessing the
R hind the toppling of the regime, the role of the
Speaker has been no less questionable. As a means of
Party (BJP) in 1990 when I re
turned to India and started work
said it all. from Babush’ was the party’s slo
gan. On that occasion, he won and
‘Congressisation of the BJP’.
There is, however, a deeper iro
ing as a journalist. In those days, Part of moral core defeated the BJP candidate. Today, ny here. Few would deny that Mr.
blocking moves to bring down the government some privately owned news channels In those days, the BJP genuinely the BJP has opened its arms and Advani is a founding architect of
tactical decisions are understandable, but the manner did not exist. Doordarshan was a believed that it was diff erent from embraced him. His wife Jennifer is the BJP. He took it from two seats
in which the Speaker has used the law poses a threat to monopoly. The only way indepen every other party. This diff erence vel methods. On one occasion, a Minister in its government. The in 1984 to six years in power begin
the autonomy of legislators in a general sense. First, can dent current aff airs was possible was its moral core. It convinced twothirds of a party’s strength in charges he faces have been forgot ning 1998. During those three de
a legislator intending to quit his seat be accused of de was through video magazines. the party that it was superior to the legislature defected; on anoth ten and forgiven. cades (1984 to 2004), the claim of
There were two that were best others. At that time, it had 85 MPs er, a sizeable number of MLAs re It seems that in its inexorable being a ‘party with a diff erence’
fection at all, when the penalty for crossing over to
known: Newstrack and Eyewit in the Lok Sabha but even when signed to enable the BJP to cross march to a comprehensive domi was not just meaningful but, for
another party is the loss of that very seat? Given the ness. I was the editor of the latter. six years earlier it just had two, it the majority mark. nation of Indian politics, the BJP is many, an article of faith. A mere
propensity of presiding offi cers in the country to avoid I did many interviews with Mr. drew its strength from its moral Not only is the BJP unconcerned trampling upon its own moral decade and a half later, Mr. Modi
deciding matters within a time frame, it is perilous to al Advani, probably more than I did conviction as much as from its le about what this has done to its mo principles and ethical values. No and Mr. Shah have taken the BJP to
low them to delay the acceptance of resignations until a of any other politician in that fi n de gislative numbers. ral image, but also, perhaps more doubt this fi rst happened in Kar another level altogether. Mr. Adva
point when the members concerned are seen as “vo siècle period. The common thread I wonder what Mr. Advani surprisingly, it is indiff erent to nataka in 2008 with ‘Operation ni could only have dreamed of
luntarily giving up their party membership”, which is that ran through the interviews would make of his party’s beha what this will do to its internal co Lotus’ but, at the time, that was a where it has got to. But, in the pro
the fi rst ground on which a member can be disqualifi ed was a ploy I was rather fond of. viour today? Since the swearing in hesion and ideology. Consider oneoff and the BJP was not proud cess, the party’s proud claim of
Whenever my focus was on an is of Prime Minister Narendra Modi Goa. The 10 Congress MLAs who of it. Now, there’s a brazen de ‘being diff erent’ has been
for defection. This is precisely what has happened in
sue or a decision that smelt of real for a second term, the BJP has switched to the BJP had been elect fi ance of ethics and unconcern scrubbed. Today, that is just a nos
the current case. Secondly, does the power to scrutinise politik and appeared less than eth been on an unparalleled — and, it ed to oppose it but three of them with the consequences. The party talgic memory for Mr. Advani’s
a resignation letter for its voluntary nature extend to re ical, I would counter Mr. Advani’s seems, unstoppable — spree of lur are now members of its govern wants to form a government or generation. I bet the modern BJP
jecting it even if it is in the correct format and is handed defensive answers with a set state ing MPs, MLAs and even corpora ment. One is the Deputy Chief Mi gain legislative strength no matter doesn’t even know what it means
over in person? ment, which I delivered with a tors. This has happened in Karna nister. Just two months ago, they what the cost. It’s the end that or, if it does, considers it a foolish
Even the disqualifi cation of the three MLAs does not grin: “That answer may be okay taka, West Bengal, Goa, Uttar were strong opponents of Hindut matters not the means. Success is commitment.
appear to be in order. Two of them, Ramesh Jarkhiholi for other leaders but how can it be Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. And va. Today, they are its champions. its own justifi cation.
acceptable for the president of a it has happened by a variety of no No doubt this says a lot about So where does this leave the Karan Thapar is a broadcast journalist
and Mahesh Kumathalli, have been disqualifi ed on a pe
tition seeking action against them that was submitted in
February. It was not acted on for months, but revived in
the wake of the resignation controversy. Secondly, it is a
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters emailed to letters@thehindu.co.in must carry the full postal address and the full name or the name with initials.
moot question whether suffi cient opportunity was gi
ven to them, as the matter was decided after they were Karnataka imbroglio the voters the right to recall ■ H.D. Kumaraswamy never ■ Disgust gives way to anger (RTI) Act were pushed amendments done should be
absent on the day they were due to appear. Further, the The proposal, by K.R. elected representatives. had the mandate to rule as we observe the disgraceful through Parliament even in forthwith withdrawn or the
Ramesh Kumar, Speaker of Nevertheless, some Karnataka. He was the leader behaviour of the elected the face of stiff opposition Bill should be sent to a Select
Speaker appears to have assumed the power to fi x a pe
Karnataka Legislative improvements to the rules of the Janata Dal (Secular), a representatives in Karnataka. from several political parties Committee of Parliament.
riod during which a member will remain disqualifi ed, Assembly, to include governing defections and party which fi nished third in Not just these unprincipled and widespread resentment Satish C. Aikant,
and barred the three MLAs for the remainder of the cur ‘opinion of voters’ as a disqualifi cations are the Assembly elections. The and selfi sh politicians, the in the civil society betrays Mussoorie
THE HINDU
SATURDAY, JULY 27, 2019
DELHI
GROUND ZERO 11
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The unravelling of a
kidney racket
The National Capital Region is the epicentre of a well-organised illegal organ trade.
Bindu Shajan Perappadan and Saurabh Trivedi report on the web of criminals and their modus operandi
M
onths after the mon at Fortis Hospital in Delhi for Like Sangeeta, Vardhan’s lowing the investigation,” he centre over the last fi ve years, pitals and donors, transfer
soon hit the small violation of the Transplanta story began around August says. only 10 were potential organ money and prepare donors
town of Saket Nagar in tion of Human Organs (and last year. He desperately need His only mistake, he says, donors. The reasons were va for interviews,” he says.
Kanpur last year, Sangeeta Tissue) Act, 1994. This legisla ed money to pay for the oper was his refusal to become a ried. There was lack of aware Rao used to keep a large
Kashyap*, 33, packed her bags tion was brought in with the ation of his twoandahalf headhunter himself. “They ness about organ donation portion of the money for him
for Delhi where she had been objective of “regulating the re yearold child who was born call me daily to tell me that I among family members. Many self in every deal. The rest was
promised a good job. She was moval, storage and transplan with a hole in the heart. He de will be ‘accidentally’ killed in believed that donating a per shared among the others, in
excited; she had never tation of human organs for cided to sell one of his an accident soon. They stole son’s organs after death would cluding the donor. “He never
stepped out of Kanpur before. therapeutic purposes and for kidneys. my money after I refused to aff ect the person in his or her paid the promised amount to
“My husband’s friend had the prevention of commercial “An old friend told me work with them,” he says. ‘next life’. And processes were the donor. And when the do
promised us ₹ 40 lakh. We dealings in human organs.” about this off er. He made it simply not in place to help nor asked for it, Rao would
dreamt of a ‘pakka’ house, a These arrests and notices out to be a noble deed. He said Attractive to the poor such donations. urge him/her to bring more
good education for our chil could prove to be only the tip I would get ₹ 2 lakh — enough “While there are many layers “Indian organs are being donors with the promise of
dren, and even some savings of the iceberg. “Investigations to pay for my child’s surgery of control to prevent exploita sold thanks to advertising by more money. Regardless of
to help us through illnesses. against another leading hospi and for setting up a small shop tion, the fact that there are a word of mouth. We are deal the deal, the donors get only
We also planned for old age,” tal in central Delhi are current for myself. It seemed like a ble. The hospital administra negligible number of organ ing with an underground ma between ₹ 2 lakh and ₹ 4 lakh of
says Sangeeta. On reaching ly under way and more arrests good option. I thought God tion’s goons took back the mo donations makes fi nding a fi a of organ traders. In this the promised ₹ 5 lakh,” says
the city that promised to fulfi l are likely,” says a senior Delhi has given the poor two organs ney I got from my kidney sale matching donor for the pa case, the gang managed to the offi cer. Donors who re
her dreams, Sangeeta was gi police offi cer who is investi as personal insurance against after I refused to work with tients a tough task,” notes the create fake identities. And fused to cooperate were
ven accommodation in a guest gating the case. bad times,” he says. He breaks the gang. My child died with Mohan Foundation. Under the with the help of medical per threatened with legal cases of
house in Ghaziabad. “The “The industry is thriving down while showing large sur out treatment. And my wife, law, only those related to the sons, they managed to manip cheating.
next day I was taken to a small despite several raids and laws gery scars on his abdomen. who I married against the patient are allowed to donate ulate medical tests and docu Suresh Singh* got a kidney
clinic,” she says, unable to re against it because those who Following the surgery, wishes of our parents, left me organs. This further reduces ments,” says a senior offi cial transplant in 2016, and was
call the location. “There, the sell their organs are desperate Vardhan has one kidney and as she was frightened by the the number of prospective or from the Uttar Pradesh police chargesheeted for demanding
doctors ran a series of tests on for money. It is a trade that no child. He is without a job. death threats. No one is will gan donors. who is involved in interState money for it. “After a pro
me. My husband’s friend told guarantees high profi t. Plus, And to make matters worse, ing to employ me in Lucknow In 2013, the medical jour investigation. longed kidney treatment my
me that this was important be it’s easy to do business in In he has been receiving death because they think I am in nal, Indian Journal of Anesthe- “Those in the business had doctor recommended a kid
cause my employer wanted dia,” says a senior Health Mi threats from those in the ille volved in something illegal. I sia, stated that of the 205 pa created a large database of ney transplant. He told me
me to submit a medical clea nistry offi cial who did not gal organ trade. used to repair watches. I have tients declared braindead at those who were ready to do that my kidney would stop
rance certifi cate before em wish to come on record. “Life has become unbeara become a nervous wreck fol AIIMS in Delhi in the trauma nate their kidneys and livers. functioning soon,” he says. “I
ploying me as a maid and a Impoverished donors are These people were then re discussed it with the personal
cook. But then he took my pushed into the trade as organ cruited into the business to staff of the doctor and off ered
Aadhaar card and told me that donations from cadavers and fi nd more sellers. And with ev to pay for a kidney if I could
I have to assume a Muslim braindead patients in India ery new racket being busted, get a donor. I got a call from
name and identity. I refused. I are not enough to meet the re we also fi nd that the age of the the doctor’s secretary, who
realised that something was quirement of over a lakh citi donors/sellers is rapidly fall gave my family members the
amiss. Later during the week, zens annually who require a ing. Younger men are being re contact of a man who could
when I was taken to a hospital, kidney transplant. cruited or are coming forward arrange a donor for me. After
I overheard people describe In 2016, in its reply to a Lok to donate their kidney or liver. several rounds of negotia
me as a kidney donor. I pan Sabha question, the Union This is really worrying,” says a tions, the deal was fi xed at ₹ 20
icked and raised a hue and cry Health Ministry noted that Delhi police offi cer. lakh.”
at the hospital. I insisted that I there is a huge gap between A witness in the case, So Suresh was asked to pay im
be sent back home immediate the demand and supply of hu nu*, admits that he is only 18 mediately, he says, while the
ly. They packed me off to Kan man organs for transplant 20 years old. “According to my paperwork was taken care of
pur and I thought the worst even though the precise num offi cial papers, I am much ol by the ‘staff member’. “I paid
was over,” she recalls. But the bers of premature deaths due der though,” he says. “I decid the amount before the opera
nightmare had only begun. to heart, liver, lung and pan ed to sell my organ to help my tion and it went off smoothly. I
“My husband’s friend came creas failures have not been family which was on the verge met the donor only once dur
home and tried to convince compiled. The Ministry noted of starving to death. But today, ing the interview. I was intro
me to sell my kidney,” says that against the demand of 2 even after selling my kidney, duced as his elder brother to
Sangeeta. “He told me that he lakh kidneys, only 6,000 were my life is no better. Policemen the hospital,” he says. He ex
has been living a good life after available. Similarly, against and laws don’t understand plains that a major part of the
the demand of 30,000 livers that we sell our organs just
<
> The cops tell us that they will
only 1,500 were available, and
against the demand of 50,000
to ensure that we are able to
stay alive.”
<
> An old friend told me that I
would get ₹ 2 lakh — enough to
catch those who exploited us. But
hearts merely 15 were availa Sonu and Vardhan were pay for my child’s surgery. It
will we get our entire promised
ble across the country. Ac admitted in the same hospi seemed like a good option. I
money or the organs we sold? No
cording to the Multi Organ tal at the same time for kid thought God has given the poor
one is ready to answer these
Harvesting Aid Network Foun ney removal. Like Vardhan, two organs as personal
questions. dation (Mohan Foundation), a Sonu too was cheated by insurance against bad times.
Sonu
Prime witness
Chennaibased NGO working middlemen, who only gave Vardhan
on organ donation, only about him a portion of the pro Prime witness
selling his. When I refused, he 3% of the demand is met. mised sum of ₹ 2 lakh.
along with some other men The Indian Transplant Re “When I close my eyes, I payment was made through
threatened and assaulted me. gistry notes that live tran dream of blotches of blood. cash and rest was transferred
They demanded that I pay splants account for the major The cops tell us that they will to a bank account.
them ₹ 50,000 as part of my ity of kidney transplants in catch those who exploited us. Rajesh Yadav, Superinten
travel and medical expenses. India; cadaver transplants ac But will we get our entire pro dent of Police (Crime), Kanpur
Frightened and broke, I ap count for a very small number. mised money or the organs we Police, says that a Special In
proached the police. A senior “In India, [the] deceased or sold? No one is ready to answ vestigation Team has been
offi cer asked me to fi le a com gan donation programme is er these questions,” he says. formed to investigate the case.
plaint. An FIR was registered largely restricted to big institu The investigating agencies “Till now we have arrested 15
on February 1 against six per tions and the private sector claim that they are fully aware people in the case including
sons in the Barra Police Sta which makes it less accessible of the reasons that compel pe doctors and middlemen. We
tion in Kanpur under Section for all. The deceased donation ople to sell or donate organs. are in touch with the Delhi
420 [cheating and dishonestly rate in 2013 was 0.26/million “A kidney is sold for anything and Faridabad Police to get in
inducing delivery of property] population and this went up between ₹ 70 lakh and ₹ 1 crore formation regarding the whe
of the Indian Penal Code and to 0.36/million population in depending on how urgent the reabouts of other suspects,”
sections of the Human Organ 2014,” it says. need is. The donor/seller nev says Yadav.
Transplant Act.” Sangeeta was er gets over ₹ 3 lakh. The rest “To make this a watertight
unaware that her complaint Modus operandi of the amount is distributed case we have ensured that the
would blow the lid off a mas In the case that the police is in among those who run the bu donors and recipients are
sive organ racket. vestigating at the moment, pa siness,” says a senior offi cial prime witnesses and not the
tients who needed transplants offi cer from the Uttar Pradesh accused. During the investiga
High demand, low supply were admitted in large and Police. tion, we found that the hospi
The epicentre of this massive wellknown private hospitals tals and middlemen had pre
illegal organ trade is the Na that are protected by a battery Expanding the web pared a fake profi le of donors.
tional Capital Region. The web of lawyers and administrators, It was when a police team The coordinators at PSRI hos
of criminals includes police says a senior Delhi police from Kanpur approached the pital had forged DNA reports
personnel, doctors, hospital offi cial. Delhi police regarding a kid to present the donors as blood
administration staff , medical “Donors, all of whom are ney racket that they stumbled relatives of the recipient. We
support staff , and kidney and from very poor families, are on T. Rajkumar Rao, 40, al are also looking at how the or
liver donors — all catering to brought to these hospitals for leged to be the kingpin of an gan transplant clearance com
patients with endstage kidney initial testing and matching international kidney racket. mittee of hospitals ignored all
and liver failure. These pa with patients,” explains Luck Rao himself was a donor. the facts and never crossexa
tients can’t be treated with nowbased Vardhan, a prime But unlike other donors, Rao mined donors and recipients,”
medicines or dialysis and the witness in the case. “We are was ambitious and built his says a police offi cer who is
refore require a transplant. then trained to face the inter own empire. He had been ar part of the SIT team and did
A dozen leading private sur view board of the competent rested before and sent to pri not wish to be identifi ed.
geons are under the scanner authority [which evaluates son. But after being released, A 2003 report in the Indian
now. These include top urolo transplant of organs between he resumed his activities and Journal of Medical Ethics is a
gists in Delhi who allegedly near relatives related geneti changed his base from West chilling postscript to the story.
worked in nexus with some cally] or the Authorisation Bengal and its neighbouring “If the organ trade is not con
police personnel from the Ut Committee [which evaluates States to central India. He got trolled, disappearances, espe
tar Pradesh Police as well as transplant of organs between donors and sellers from Un cially among street children
brokers (some of whom were those related emotionally and nao, Kanpur, Lucknow and [and] kidnapping rackets may
previous donors themselves) where the donor’s intentions Fatehpur. fl ourish along with the theft of
to ensure a smoothly running are altruistic] of the hospital A police offi cer who once organs of executed criminals
profi table trade, the value of for clearance for donation. interrogated him recalls Rao in future. The people may lose
which some people peg at ov Then we are housed in guest as being very sharp and know trust in the medical communi
er a ₹ 100 crore. houses in Delhi. There we are ing how to infl uence donors ty and may suspect their invol
So far, 15 people, including tutored to tell the hospital and later make them part of vement in the premature de
the CEO of Pushpawati Singha board that we are relatives of his racket. claration of death on seeing a
nia Research Institute (PSRI), the patients we are donating “There were around 12 per signed donor card.”
Deepak Shukla, have been ar organs to. At this point, the ILLUSTRATION: manent members in the gang.
rested, and notices have been payment too is partially DEEPAK They would prepare fake doc
HARICHANDAN *Names have been changed to protect
served to two leading doctors made.” uments, coordinate with hos identities
CM A ND-NDE
https://t.me/SSC4Exams
YK https://t.me/Banking4Exams https://t.me/UPSC4Exams
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A demographic Yediyurappa’s time has come... again The second is the state of mind of the
“rebels”. Uncertain about their future and in
the absence of any guarantees whether they
will become ministers or not, they are under
But one thing is certain: he will head a government that leaders to speak in English during the trust a lot of pressure. Some could decide to return
A
t the beginning These three are H Nagesh from Mulbagal, defend myself from my enemies.” But things can change.
of this decade, a N Mahesh from Kollegal and R Shankar from Congress MLA from Basavakalyan, B The third is the dilemma before the BJP
series of labour Ranebennur. All three are opposed to HD Narayana Rao said while speaking in the trust itself. The party knows that if the Speaker
protests broke out at the Kumaraswamy (HDK) and have been disqual- vote: “How can you expect to reap mangoes accepts the resignation of the MLAs and by
high profile factories of ified by the Speaker: which means they cannot when you sow neem seeds? With folded hands elections are ordered, the rebel MLAs will
multinationals such as contest the by elections. For all intents and I beseech the sitting Chief Minister, the past demand they be given the BJP nominations.
Foxconn, Honda and purposes they have been knocked out of the Chief Minister and the one who may occupy But they were instrumental in defeating the
Flextronics in race. This also means that till the by elections the chair tomorrow: please surround yourself BJP. Whose claim will the party entertain? Its
Guangdong, China’s take place, the effective strength of the assem- with good people. You give tickets to real estate own defeated MLAs’? Or the defectors’?
powerhouse of a bly is down by three to 222 and the halfway agents, builders and excise contractors and That’s not the only issue. BJP’s internal sta-
province just across the mark in 112. expect them to stay loyal to a political ideal?” bility is in doubt. One of the biggest detractors
COUNTRY CODE
border from Hong
Kong. The powerful par-
PLAIN POLITICS After the 2018 assembly elections, the BJP
had 105 MLAs; the Congress 78; the Janata
When voting day came around, 20 MLAs
skipped voting. 14 were from the Congress, three
of Yediyurappa, BL Santhosh, has been shifted
to the party’s central unit. Those who can’t get
ty secretary then was ADITI PHADNIS Dal Secular 37. BJP tried to form a govern- from JDS, one from BSP and two independents on with Yediyurappa — and they are in sig-
RAHUL JACOB named Wang Yang. He ment, failed and Congress and JDS cobbled Now there are three problems. nificant numbers — now have a court of
B
took a gamble and, in ookanakere Siddalingappa Yediyur- together a precarious majority. The signs of The first is the Speaker. The Speaker may appeal in Delhi. There is nothing a chief min-
consultation with Beijing, mandated double-digit raises for appa (he changed the spelling of his trouble were clear from day 1. Yeddyurappa have disqualified three but he is the one who ister dreads more than this.
workers for the next five years, including pay hikes of 20 per last name on astrological advice) is set was clear that he should have been CM. The will have to decide whether to accept the res- Beset with all these problems, one way out
cent that year itself. Instead of sanctioning Communist Party to become chief minister of Karnataka for a Congress wanted its pound of flesh for allow- ignation of the “rebel” MLAs. He also has to for the central party is to acknowledge the real-
led disciplining and beatings at the first sign of worker protests fourth time. He has never been able to com- ing a junior partner to become CM. Outgoing consider the plea of Siddaramaiah and the ity — that it is a classic hung house, the con-
as is paradoxically the norm in other provinces, Wang said it plete a full term as CM and this time might be Congress CM Siddaramaiah felt he had been Congress that those who did not obey the par- stitutional machinery has broken down and
was time to use the crisis to move into higher tech exports and no different. diddled out of his job and had no interest in ty whip should be disqualified. If the Speaker central rule must be imposed with fresh elec-
via the wage hike push toy, plastic and shoe manufacturers to Here’s why. ensuring HDK stayed in power. Hence Rahul accepts the resignations, by-elections will be tions. But that is not an option because the
move elsewhere. “Empty the cage and let the right birds in,” First, the factual configuration of the Gandhi’s tweet: “From its first day, the ordered and the BJP will likely get majority. MLAs will have a hysterical hissy fit. Another
said Wang, drawing criticism from free market economists Karnataka Assembly. Out of 225 members (224 Congress-JDS alliance in Karnataka was a tar- But what if the Speaker disqualifies the errant election within a year of being elected?
within China who believed he would upset the export equilib- elected and one nominated), there is one inde- get for vested interests, both within and out- MLAs instead of accepting their resignations? That’s why whatever might happen in
rium that had made Guangdong the factory of the world. pendent MLA, one from the Bahujan Samaj side, who saw the alliance as a threat and an There is hardly any doubt that they will then Karnataka, one thing is certain: no matter who
I had just arrived as a correspondent for the FT in the Party (BSP) and one from the Karnataka obstacle in their path to power…” DK knock on the doors of the Supreme Court. And heads the government, it will be in a state of
region and was skeptical that the liberal party secretary’s Pragnyavantha Janatha Party (KPJP). Shivakumar (who was one of the few Congress so it will go on… permanent flux and uncertainty.
industrial policy would work. Still, it was an opportune time
to write about China’s huge demographic transition. Usually
referred to as the the Lewis turning point — that moment
when factory owners see their returns fall because surplus
cheap labour have dried up. Due to the one-child policy, the
TÊTE-À-TÊTE WITH BS > PRIYANKA CHOPRA-JONAS | ACTOR, INVESTOR
working-age population peaked earlier than it should have
B
firm I now work for, Wigram Capital Advisors, has calculated y now we have some experience in the able. It is close to eight years since she turned empowers women.” She has been hands-on in
that on a compounded five year average India’s export growth art of celebrity lunches. Having starved her gaze to the West and she seems to move customising the app for India. And the result is
rate has fallen to the low single digits, comparable in India’s our way through a few earlier interac- seamlessly between her many worlds. She is in 1.5 million subscriptions in four months. For
history only to the doldrums of the 1950s when the licence raj tions, we know that the best thing to do is go India promoting Bumble and wrapping up her India, the app has built-in special safety features
was being put in place. I recently checked Guangdong’s exports well stuffed. So we eat earlier, a big sandwich next film (now ready for release) The Sky is Pink. and has handed over more power to its women
tally to see if Wang’s bet to move it up the value chain had paid and a juice at Bombay Baking Company, a bak- Chopra-Jonas is an investor in Bumble (apart users, she adds.
off. Exports grew 4 per cent in 2018 — not a bad showing amid ery cum café at the Marriott Hotel where we are from a few other consumer-facing tech compa- Technology fascinates her too, she tells us
trade tensions — to almost $650 billion in 2018, or twice India’s to meet with Priyanka Chopra-Jonas. nies) and has become its face in India since and given its scope to bring people on to a com-
annual total of manufactured exports. The meeting has been through a fair amount bringing it here in December 2018. She also has mon platform, that is where she is keen to put
With Indian companies still tackling the fallout of the of shuffle and tweak. In the weeks leading up to a production company in India called Purple her money in. “I was an engineering aspirant
triple shocks of demonetisation, a badly implemented GST it, the time and venue have seen a few changes Pebble Pictures and has said in several inter- and I wanted to be an aeronautical engineer
and India’s shadow banking crisis, this trifecta of trouble has and on the appointed day, despite some frantic views that she is minutely involved with the run- when I was in school,” she says, adding she
ensured that even in the aftermath of a clear victory for the readjustments to our schedule by Chopra- ning of all her businesses, from the interns they is a science geek and loves social media.
Modi government, companies show little sign of kickstarting Jonas’s efficient schedule assistants, we end up hire to the look of the final product. What about the hate spewing trolls on
investment. Rural spending is yet to pick up fast-moving con- waiting over an hour before we are squeezed How did a girl from the East find her groove social media driving people apart, even as
sumer goods companies tell us, auto sellers are complaining into a tight 20-minute engagement. And the in the West, or perhaps more appropriately, she wants to bring them together? “I feel
of record drops in sales and the death watch about which only thing on the table is bottled water. manage to keep her feet in both? like we pay attention to the wrong things.
shadow bank will go under continues on Dalal Street. Chopra-Jonas fills the large room that we “There is no precedent to what has hap- I’m sorry but I put a lot of the blame on
2019 is shaping up not as a new beginning but as a summer have been ushered into; in a bright yellow outfit pened with me,” says Chopra-Jonas. Her the media for this (for giving trolls undue
and winter of discontent. This week, the new government in with a delicate mangalsutra (the traditional American expedition started with a song, In my importance). The fact that we can sit here
what was once globally lauded as business-friendly Andhra mark of a married woman in many parts of the city, that she recorded with producer Jimmy and send a message to someone in
Pradesh pushed through a directive that will force private country) around her neck, she puts everything Iovine (Interscope Records), which featured America and they get it instantly in exactly
companies to reserve jobs for locals. Also this week, a cross- and everyone else in the shade. She is wearing rapper will.i.am. She had another one featuring the format you sent it — pictures, videos,
section of film-makers and writers banded together to call the brand colours of Bumble, the dating cum Pitbull soon after. She was also the brand FaceTime — that is technology. Why are
on the Modi government to punish and condemn those networking app that she is promoting in India ambassador for Guess (besides representing we giving importance to people creating
accused of mob lynchings. These two seemingly unrelated and in the manner of a practiced brand ambas- India at the Cannes festival for several years) negativity? I don’t.”
events are two sides of the same cancelled cheque for India’s sador, she admires the Bumble merchandise before finally making it to prime time US TV We are running close to the end of our
much hyped demographic dividend that we never succeeded strewn across the room, gasping at the sheer with Quantico. And then it was Hollywood call- time and there is also a movie to talk about.
in cashing. Now, our alternatives are grimmer: our leaders loveliness of it all. ing with the latest edition of Baywatch and a (Her minders are reluctant to let the con-
will exploit the situation for political gain even if it means She points to the Bumble branded pens and romantic comedy, Isn’t it Romantic. versation stray and one stands fiercely
encouraging violence or at best resort to reservations and notebooks and asks, “Why don’t I ever get “I am a very intuitive person,” she says. Her beside her, swatting out unwanted ques-
increased subsidies through variations of income support. these?” Her team is indulgent, they tell her she business decisions are always in the moment. tions). The new movie with Shonali Bose
Recurrent mob attacks on minorities and the South’s is sure to find some, when she goes back in to She follows her gut and of course, the wisdom that she has just finished working on is
newest leader resorting to reservations are examples of what her room. Assuaged, she turns her gaze firmly of her manager-cum-close friend Anjula about death, something she has spent a
might be called the Thackerayisation of India’s politics after upon us and apologises about how her insane Acharia. Acharia is a venture capitalist who lives lot of time thinking about, she says. “This
the late Shiv Sena leader. After years and years of anemic schedule has kept this meeting on hold for so and works in the US and manages Chopra-Jonas. film says instead of mourning someone’s
export and job growth, millions of bored or frustrated young long. So sincere is her contrition that we end Business is not trapped in a silo for Chopra- death, celebrate their life. And I love that
men remain under-employed or unemployed. up feeling sorry for our imposition. Jonas, the investments are more than just busi- perspective.” Being tragic and morose about
Thinking about the seminal events of this disturbing “I hope I have an understanding to give you ness decisions, they are an extension of her per- ILLUSTRATION: BINAY SINHA death can diminish a person’s life, she says.
week with the revised Right To Information weakening insti- an explanation into the business side of my life,” sonality. She explains: “I have this extremely “We celebrated my dad (when he passed away).
tutional independence further, I chanced upon an article in Chopra-Jonas says as she leans back into her unique position where I can collide my worlds example of how the two cultures can come We celebrated his life, we played his favourite
The Economist that observed, “It is possible that population chair. Her aides stand by, looming over our together. I am all about cross pollination. It’s together in a beautiful amalgam. music, laughed and talked about him. And this
is destiny, other things being equal, but other things are shoulders. A few sit quietly at the back of the my life’s dream. Like my movie with Mindy Her role is to bring down the boundaries movie, when Shonali — who has also had a very
never equal. A plague here or a fateful decision by a Chinese room. This is the most crowded table ever for a (Kaling) that I am doing with Universal. That’s between India and the world (read America). close sort of encounter with death — narrated
emperor there can set a region down a path that wipes out lunch with BS, also one where there is no food exactly what it is.” “When Nick and his family, they came down to it to me we really bonded on that.”
the advantages of population. Perhaps those advantages and all business. But then there is little that one She has walked on a bridge that links the US India, they saw the India that I know. It changed She also gets to play a woman from the ages
must be harnessed by the right sorts of institutions.” With can do — our time is subject to the punishing with India and lived to tell the tale, and her busi- them. And I want to show the world the India 26 to about 55-60, which excited the actor in her,
weaker government institutions than most of our Asian schedule that Chopra-Jonas has to live with and nesses and movies must do the same. An hon- that I know. The beauty of it. The culture, the says Chopra-Jonas. She is on the clock and it is
neighbours, and myriad looming challenges ranging from the army of minders. Well that is the price of ourable idea, but really? Chopra-Jonas is not inclusiveness, the richness of our history.” time for us to leave. As we pick our way out of
water shortages across this unfortunate country to the con- global celebrity-hood. one to let scepticism get in the way of her words She is also moved by the thought of women the room full of people and merchandise, there
sequences of picking on minorities in Parliament elevated Chopra-Jonas’s journey from Miss World to and her confidence stems from the manner in in positions of power, the power to control their is a hushed scramble behind us as her team gets
to a de facto national sport, the ticking of India’s demograph- Bollywood to a singer and then American tele- which people have been reacting to her, to her own lives and be independent entities. Bumble, ready to usher her into her next appointment.
ic time bomb only gets louder. vision and finally investor in tech businesses wedding with pop icon, Nick Jonas and the she says fulfils that role. “I was at an event for Chopra-Jonas’s calendar is buzzing, but her
and marriage with Nick Jonas has been remark- movies she makes. Her wedding she says is an Bumble with founder Whitney Wolfe Herd in time, unfortunately, is running out.
S
particular. When she was selected to rep- says. “For someone who has grown up everal years ago, my wife and I friends were coming home, till, well, age house, unsure whether my wife will be
I
have long believed in the transfor- resent India in the 17th Homeless World being reviled for being a girl, being poor, came to an arrangement regarding — mine, dear reader, let me hasten to in, or have left to join in revelries else-
mative power of sports. A recent Cup to be held in Cardiff, Wales, from being low caste, it’s an amazing feeling.” her social life. As family care-giver assure you, my wife remains ageless — where in town. Odd bits and bobs on the
conversation with a 19-year-old July 27 to August 3, this year, it was a Sponsored by BookASmile Foundation and home-based entrepreneur, she began to take its toll. I started to invent bedroom chest provide clues to her
Mumbai girl has reinforced this belief. dream come true. (the charity arm of the e-entertainment wished to step out in the evenings to excuses to stay home, pleading a) an social peregrinations. This week alone
Sapna has lived all her life in a slum “I barely knew the world outside my platform BookMyShow) and supported by experience the city’s bright lights and overload of work and crippling dead- she has attended luncheons and dinners,
in Malad surrounded by high rises. “As slum,” she says. “I’d never dreamt that a Slum Soccer, Sapna, along with 15 team- fraternise with the rich and famous, no lines; b) cooking up false early morning been to spiritual thingummies, been
a child, I would play football with a ten- day would come when I would board an mates, is in Cardiff now playing friendly matter that their pecking order changed appointments; c) a charade of late night glimpsed at cocktails, photographed at
nis ball with the boys of my slum,” she aircraft and travel out of India.” When matches. At the time of writing this col- frequently. Dear reader, you will know me con-calls impossible to take at loud din- college alumni get-togethers and sundry
recounts. “Few girls wanted, or were she went to Nagpur on July 1, 2019, to umn, Slum Soccer has shared images of for my shy and retiring nature, while my ner parties; d) inventing fatigue, if not other celebrations. I, meanwhile, have
expected, to play.” They were never train on Slum Soccer’s Diversity Pitch, Sapna and her teammates in Wales. An wife craved the excessive hedonism of quite ill-health, as pretext for last minute my evenings chalked out too — a) pour
allowed to play with the children in the Sapna was awed to find herself playing image of them jubilantly posing with the Delhi’s jet-set. I acquiesced for two rea- cancellations; e) while telling her to go myself a drink (or two); b) find a quiet
fancy buildings. “But sports taught me with girls from Manipur, Gujarat, West Indian Tricolour is particularly heart- sons — a) as a loving husband I did not ahead as planned and on no account corner; c) curl up with a book; d) have
that I could be better than others on my Bengal and other parts of the country. “I warming. For these unusual young wish to deny her some excitement; b) and, ruin her evening for lack of participation dinner (alone); e) open the door to let my
own merit,” she says. “And I practised realised for the first time that there were women have beaten life’s odds to earn because, why provoke marital discord? from me. wife in; f) listen to the triumph of her
long and hard until I became a better people my age in difficult circumstances their place on Team India and that’s a well- No sooner would I return from work In recent times, my wife has decided visits while I — her word, dear reader —
player than any of them.” across the country, not just in my little deserved achievement. than my wife would say we must get to embrace that independence, no opt to “vegetate” at home.
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OPINION 9
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Dream targets report, spent some time in jail, and was exonerated
later. But because he was made to step down, nobody
could live in peace and the BJP ended up having
T
he Modi government does not make life easy for itself when it sets three chief ministers in the 2008-13 term of its rule.
itself ambitious targets that most people would consider unachievable. This mess greatly contributed to a clear Congress
Among them: Taking up the share of manufacturing in GDP from 17 win even in 2013. But not only was he taken back,
per cent now to 25 per cent by 2022; doubling farmers’ incomes, also but restored to his old position as a regional satrap,
The Karnataka
by 2022; doubling exports by 2025; and of course getting GDP from $2.7 trillion which is anathema to the Modi-Shah BJP. For com-
last year to $5 trillion by 2025 (implying 8 per cent average annual growth on the parisons, think of Shankarsinh Vaghela in Gujarat,
back of 4 per cent inflation). The government is doubtless encouraged in its the tallest BJP leader and a diehard RSS man who
ambitions by the fact that it has managed enormous progress on, if not quite quit to form his own party and become chief min-
ister of Gujarat with Congress support. Could the
exception
achieved, some other stretch targets — to do with cooking gas availability, highway
BJP have ever handed the state back over to him?
construction, renewable power, banking inclusion, and ending open defecation.
But it is one thing to achieve specific targets, like building toilets (concen-
trating effort and resources, combined with dedicated project leadership, can
deliver a lot). And quite another to deliver on ambitious macro-economic goals
D efying age, caste, corruption and the test of loy-
alty, Mr Yediyurappa has also forced his party’s
hand in pulling down the Congress-JD(S) governme-
that require a loosely controlled system to coordinate phased action within tight Yediyurappa has provided the first challenge to the unfettered, nt and replacing it immediately with its own. The BJP
deadlines and the right policy framework. The government has been good on
the first, not so good on the second.
unquestioned authority of Modi & Shah. BJP leaders in other may not have minded giving the coalition a little more
time to self-destruct, but we cannot say that for sure.
Take export growth, which in the last five years has been all of 5 per cent. states could take inspiration from him It is quite likely, however, that Mr Modi and Mr
What kind of changes and effort will it take to deliver 100 per cent growth in the Shah may have preferred to let the state be under
K
next six, when the global trading environment has deteriorated? Manufacturing arnataka isn’t politically the most important have found it safe to speculate on his likely successor President’s Rule for some time and install their gov-
as a share of GDP has been stagnant through the life of the first Modi government state in India. In terms of its contribution to once he crosses 75 in his “third term”. That under- ernment after mopping up the stragglers. The haste
(other than the change in share that followed the re-jigging of GDP numbers), so the Lok Sabha, it is a mid-sized state — in lines the special power of Mr Yediyurappa. Of course, with which they were forced to swear-in Mr
the Kerala (20) to Madhya Pradesh (29) ballpark. Yet, it might also mean that the notion of Mr Modi retir- Yediyurappa was uncharacteristic and ungainly.
why should one expect a 50 per cent increase in share in the next few years? As
Karnataka has beaten any of these several times over ing at 75 may also become obsolete. If the rule can Because, the “tamasha” isn’t over yet if the speak-
for doubling farmers’ incomes, the government simply does not have the policy in its domination of the headline be relaxed for a relatively minor er takes his mission to disqualify all defectors to a
tools and the financial wherewithal to deliver. space for the past many months. state leader, why not for the much logical conclusion, barring them from contesting in
Some of the unreal goal-setting dates back a few years, and is possibly of a Now, with the BJP in power fitter and powerful Mr Modi? the term of this assembly and leaves everybody to
piece with the foolish talk in the initial years of the first Modi government that again you’d expect a smug sense wait as the courts take their time. This game has not
GDP growth would soon be in double digits. In today’s more realistic mood, even
if one sets aside the issues raised by Arvind Subramanian and accepts the GDP
numbers as officially recorded, growth has dropped to an average of 7 per cent in
of victory and calm. Scratch the
surface, you will see much dis-
quiet and dissonance instead.
I n so many ways, Mr Yediyurappa
is everything an ideal Modi-Shah
chief minister isn’t. List the chief
yet ended. At least not as neatly as this BJP prefers.
What is it that gives this grand old man (by the
standards of today’s BJP) such power, and what does
the last couple of years. Most forecasts say (somewhat optimistically) that growth We can go so far as to say that ministers of important states his victory mean for the BJP and national politics?
will stay at or around that level this year and the next. If the goal of $5 trillion by mid-sized Karnataka has provid- appointed by them since 2014. First of all, it shows that the BJP has failed to build a
2024-25 is taken seriously, subsequent GDP growth will have to accelerate to an ed the first challenge to the unfet- None of these was the domi- younger leadership in the state. That his key detrac-
average of 8.5 per cent — something that hasn’t happened since the 2008 financial tered, unquestioned authority of nant leader in his state and a nat- tor, Ananth Kumar, died prematurely helped Mr
Amit Shah and Narendra Modi. ural claimant, or even a front-run- Yediyurappa. But most importantly, the BJP realised
crisis. Those daunted by this could argue that little is lost with a year’s slippage
in reaching the target. But then it would be as P Chidambaram said: A mere com-
We should finesse it further. NATIONAL INTEREST ner for chief ministership. Not that in Karnataka, they can’t swing the Assembly
It isn’t Karnataka, but B S even Yogi Adityanath. None of purely on Mr Modi’s strength. It’s the only state yet
pounding of the existing growth rate. Yediyurappa who has brought
SHEKHAR GUPTA these was from a dominant caste where the BJP has faced the challenge of its own
The real issue is the direction of government policy. On protectionism and tariff that unlikely power coup in his in the state. Manohar Lal Khattar leader’s caste vote bank within its Hindu vote bank.
policy, for instance, it is moving in the direction exactly opposite to that recommended own party. For the first time, an individual has was a far-out Punjabi in Haryana where Jats ruled. BJP leaders in other states will also note this. If
by the High Level Advisory Group on exports. Some labour law issues are being forced his high command to make compromises it In Jharkhand, power was denied to the tribals. you look around, you do not see anybody in the
addressed through the two labour codes that have been finalised; the core issue of wouldn’t make to any other in the party. In Maharashtra, the choice of a young and Brahmin other states in the same league as Mr Yediyurappa.
delivering a more flexible labour market remains only partially addressed. And little Defying the age limit of 75 years is only one of Devendra Fadnavis was like a finger in the eye of Vasundhara Raje in Rajasthan must be seething
has been done to achieve greater integration with global supply chains. these. Mr Yediyurappa is 76, well past the age at which the Marathas. Even in Assam, the most powerful seeing her loyalists cornered and detractors elevat-
That the path ahead won’t be smooth becomes clear from the report last the party under Mr Modi and Mr Shah have insisted leader, Himanta Biswa Sarma, was made to work ed. Shivraj Singh Chouhan has not been given the
December by the Logistics Advisory Committee of the Economic Advisory Council everybody go to a Raj Bhawan or to the Margdarshak under a much less powerful Sarbananda Sonowal. leeway or the resources, at least not yet, to pull
Mandal. As we run our eyes over the entire BJP star The model so far has been that there are only down Kamal Nath. But there are leaders, we can be
to the Prime Minister. This spells out the formidable infrastructure constraints
cast since 2014, probably only two leaders may have two leaders needed by the BJP and they live in sure, especially in Maharashtra and Jharkhand and,
and costs imposed on exporters from India, compared to their counterparts in
survived in a cabinet job beyond 75, and that too very Delhi. The rest serve faithfully at their sufferance. why, even Yogi Adityanath who might take inspi-
other countries. Port logistics (including shipping) impose an additional cost briefly. The first, Najma Heptulla, ended up in the Mr Yediyurappa has beaten that rule. He has ration from the Karnataka exception.
equal to 7-8 per cent of consignment value, which is crippling enough. Other costs Raj Bhawan in Imphal and the second, Kalraj Mishra, declared himself a leader in his own right. Postscript: If you’ve noted the unfamiliar new
are high, too: Transport, capital, electricity. Much work remains to be done to has now landed in Shimla after a sizeable quarantine Not only is he a dominant caste leader, he has spelling of “Yediyurappa”, it is just that he had
simplify and streamline procedures and documentation. through which he dutifully tweeted praises for Mr been a chronic dissident and defier of his high com- changed it to Yeddyurappa during his bad days for
It is early days in the new government’s life. While there is talk of 100-day Modi until the “call” came. mand. Denied power in the past, he forced the party reasons of numerology. But since it didn’t work, he
action plans, it is known that the prime minister prefers sustained incrementalism No other in the BJP, at least none of consequence, to appoint his protege Sadananda Gowda in his has restored the original. I am not sure, though, that
to a big-bang approach. Still, his government will need to show greater purpose has been able to defy that age limit. To the extent place, and when he too was destabilised, he he has become any less superstitious than before.
quickly if the macro targets set out are not to become embarrassments. that even those BJP leaders who would otherwise rebelled, left the BJP, formed his own regional party,
demand Mr Modi as India’s prime minister for life and contested the 2013 assembly election against By Special Arrangement with ThePrint
T
Riven with a myriad conflicting class and posed no threat, at their court. I once visited to thank her for the swift his year marks 70 years of be obsessed with virtues of digitisa-
power interests, the national capital is no It was her adroit handling of vicious dispatch of a corrupt municipal official George Orwell’s evergreen tion while ignoring the voices. India’s
melting pot. It is a place that belongs to Congress factions, outreach to BJP leaders, notorious for his dilatory, money-grubbing book: 1984. Published in 1949, approach is different from developed
everybody and to nobody, from its waves of and ceaseless bridge-building among all sec- ways. On the contrary, she said, she wished the book has tremendous appeal countries where digitisation is
AL FRESCO rootless migrants living in pockets of abject tions in the city — the young and old, basti- to thank me for bringing his misdemeanors, today. The premise of the book is demand driven, compared to India’s
squalor to the noblesse oblige of VIP elites dwellers and multiple elites — that cemented which she had confirmed, to her attention. based on dystopia where the central supply driven push. Sweden being the
SUNIL SETHI that are deeply embedded in its DNA. her durability. She became a hand-holding “How can I hope to clean up the city without authority controls everything related best example, where cash demand has
As political leaders go, Sheila Dikshit was nanny, motherly drawing room ornament such feedback?” to how people think and act. The declined significantly. In fact, they are
I
naugurating a long-delayed flyover in Exhibit A of the city’s urban elite. She was and shrewd administrator all rolled in one. In contrast to the current anti-culture and authority gives instructions to people seeking a legal intervention to ensure
Delhi on July 16 — the cause of endless neither a rabble-rousing street fighter like “Mann lagaa key padna, zaroor acchey anti-media environment she was adept at from a head mounted on the wall people do not refuse transactions in
traffic jams to the airport — Chief Mamata Banerjee, nor a caste leader like number aayengey,” (Concentrate hard, you’ll keeping channels wide open. Her media rela- making people think that they are cash. In a demand driven approach
Minister Arvind Kejriwal patted himself on Mayawati, nor a remote, ruthless Lady Bou- get good numbers), rang out her convent- tions were excellent, thanks to aides likes being watched from all corners. Least public is better prepared as it has
the back and said, in that point-scoring way ntiful type like Jayalalithaa. She went to a tinged voice on radio as children prepped Pawan Khera, continually on call like his did Orwell realise how 70 years later, experimented enough with the
politicians have, “In 15 years, the Sheila smart women’s college, Miranda House, and for their exams. Initiatives such as the boss. Her interest in the arts was genuine. his dystopian vision of the world is options. Compare this to a supply driv-
Dikshit government built 70 flyovers. In the married a Stephanian, a text book romance Metro’s expansion, or converting public Occasionally spotted at plays, art shows and close to realisation, thanks to sheer en approach where State is pushing
last four-and-a-half years, our (AAP) gov- sealed by a proposal on a “U special” bus to transport to clean fuel, were not her ideas. book launches, she helped start a series of digitisation of world economy. public to use digital methods.
ernment has built 23 flyovers.” Delhi University. Her anglicised Punjabi fat- But she pushed for them, and being no music and dance festivals. When Laila With digitisation, people leave a Ever since government pushed
Four days later he leapt in to order a state her (a civilian officer in the army) had named pushover, took the laurels. Other important Tyabji, head of the craftspeople society trail of their choices which can be used demonetisation in November 2016,
funeral and two days’ mourning when his three daughters musically, their names reforms — the painful privatisation of power Dastkar, was denied exhibition space by by the State, making Orwellian world digital payments and cashless econo-
Sheila Dikshit, the city-state’s most famous ending in “la” — Sheila, Pamela and Romila supply, for example, or empowering neigh- obdurate officials she turned to Sheila a close reality. This trail was always my have become buzzwords and top
chief minister, quietly passed away. And the — and she grew up in the heart of Lutyens’ bourhoods through bhagidari or stakehold- Dikshit. “She tried but couldn’t convince her present in the digital world, but was priorities for policymakers. This was
prime minister rushed to her house for a Delhi, in government bungalows with street ers’ schemes — were spearheaded by her. bureaucrats,” recalls Ms Tyabji. “But she not considered a problem until now. seen when the RBI instituted a comm-
condolence visit and paid fulsome tributes. names like Rouse Avenue and Dupleix Lane. It is a widely accepted truth that political would visit, was appreciative and encourag- However, two developments have ittee in the first week of January 2019
A Delhi election is due in early 2020 and, Yet the slur of “Lutyens’ elitist” never stuck leaders become accessible (and suddenly ing — it was the same for anyone in the arts, made this a danger which should to deepen digital payments in India.
as her bitter foes, neither dared not offend to her during her long innings. Later, despite acquire congenial human attributes) once culture and NGO sphere who asked her.” make us weary. The Committee recently submit-
the memory of a hugely popular, politically the opposition’s noisy campaign alleging cor- they lose power. The opposite was true of Sheila Dikshit received the heartfelt send- First, the earlier form of digitisa- ted its report. It has suggested a
bipartisan figure who ran the city-state for ruption, particularly during the Sheila Dikshit. off she did because she was truly a daughter tion was limited to information seek- roadmap to make India a digital
15 years. Commonweath Games when she presided During periods of political eclipse — for of Delhi who never stopped building bridges. ing but is now gradually including nation. It proposed to increase per
all walks of life. By knowing the pay- capita digital transactions from 22 to
ment trail, the State can pretty much 220 by March 2022.
manipulate and pressurise its citi- It is odd that the Committee pays
When it comes to debt, size doesn’t matter anymore zens in following its orders. While
discussing economics of money, we
narrowly focus just on the value of
money. However, two highly impor-
lip-service to central issues of privacy
and anonymity. They point to a 2016
survey done by Visa which says users
recognise that cash has benefits of
default if they fail to repay principal, since ance. Foreign investors now hold around 30 non-investment grade. The outstanding tant attributes of money but least dis- privacy and anonymity. However, it
required interest payments are small or non- per cent of the US corporate bond market. stock of BBB-rated bonds has quadrupled cussed aspects are privacy and pays little attention on what RBI and
existent. As the world has seen in Japan, This increased participation of investors since 2009. Any downgrade would result in anonymity. the government should do to ensure
weakened profitability from negative inter- in debt markets threatens to worsen any forced selling as investors limited to invest- Privacy means how much money the two central attributes in digital
est rates discourages banks from trying to downturn. For one thing, investors typically ment grade would need to exit. Banks, which one has in the wallet is known only payments.
collect on bad debts. Instead they count on have little or no capital to cushion losses. generally hold loans on a hold-to-maturity to that person. Anonymity means Charles Kahn of St Louis Fed in a
those negative rates to allow zombie com- Unlike in cases where a bank is the lender, basis, are less affected by such changes. that in a transaction what matters is must read paper (Payment Systems
panies to continue operating. Emerging losses will immediately pass through to ulti- Finally, investors are poorly equipped to the payments are honoured but the and Privacy) writes, “Proposals to ab-
signs of debt distress — including deterio- mate investors. This will accelerate the im- deal with financial distress. Banks can work identity of the persons remain olish cash take inadequate account of
rating credit quality and a weakened ability pact of any deterioration in credit conditions. with borrowers, restructure commitments anonymous. these legitimate demands for priva-
to service debts, as well as a growing number Moreover, many investment funds oper- or convert loans to equity to minimise loss- In a cash-driven economy, both cy.” Further, he notes that though cen-
SATYAJIT DAS of problem loans — may thus be less worry- ate with an asset-liability mismatch. es. By contrast, most investors would be attributes are present. This explains tral banks can set standards, they do
ing than otherwise. Investors can redeem on short notice but forced to sell holdings, sometimes at prices the huge success of the humble notes not have comparative advantage at
At the same time, a less-appreciated shift fund assets usually include a portfolio of below true value. The problem is that in any and coins. However, in a digital world, providing privacy. This implies the
S
ome investors are fretting that the in credit markets should be setting off longer-dated securities. The problem is future credit downturn, the hand brakes that not only are both factors missing, but private sector will have to come with
massive global buildup of debt since alarms. Since 2008, banks have become less exacerbated because the search for yield has banks can apply will have less impact than also exposes the holder of money. solutions to solve specific privacy
the financial crisis a decade ago can’t important as providers of debt. This reflects encouraged funds to invest in riskier and ever before. This will increase volatility and Second, the digital trail captured problems.
be sustained. It can, at least for a bit longer - increased capital charges, lower leverage less-liquid assets which they may not be able intensify any developing financial crisis. by many small players is now increas- In a country with weak institu-
— but only at the risk of a more severe cor- and consolidation within the banking sec- to realize fast enough to meet redemptions. To address an evaporation of investor ingly being captured by a few large tions, increased digitisation is akin to
rection in the future. That’s because this par- tor. Investors have replaced them — not just A further problem arises where invest- demand and potential forced selling, poli- ones. These large players, also called creating a Jurassic Park with technol-
ticular credit cycle may not be typical. The traditional debt providers such as insurance ments are leveraged. If asset values decline, cymakers would have to increase their inter- FAANG (Facebook, Apple, Amazon, ogy becoming dinosaurs once systems
current expansion is largely policy-driven. companies and pension funds, but newer funds may be forced to sell long-term, often vention in markets by mandating minimum Netflix and Google), have become the are compromised. The policymakers
Governments and central banks have active- participants including mutual funds, illiquid assets to meet margin calls. And they capital and liquidity reserves, similar to centre of our economic and social always highlight black money, coun-
ly encouraged debt-driven consumption exchange-traded funds or ETFs, hedge or generally have limited liquidity reserves to those applicable to banks, for these vehicles. world. A more worrying issue, con- terfeiting and money laundering to
and investment in order to prop up growth. private credit funds and foreign investors. draw on instead; unlike banks, they can’t If they didn’t, then they’d risk having to use nected to the first point, is that they highlight disadvantages of cash. But
Abundant liquidity, central bank debt pur- ETF holdings of corporate bonds, for access lender of last resort facilities. public funds to bail out investors to prevent are entering the payments world too. they forget that digital payments
chases, and zero or negative interest rates instance, have doubled since 2009 to around Investors, too, typically follow rule-based a major financial crisis. The dilemma illus- With these big firms keeping data brings its own set of problems.
have allowed surprisingly high levels of debt 20 per cent of outstandings. The banks’ share strategies. A rating downgrade beyond spec- trates a fundamental aspect of markets: Risk of whatever we do and increasingly of This does not mean that we stop
to be sustained and serviced. of US leveraged loans has shrunk to around ified thresholds or a large price decline will never disappears, it just moves to the least- our spending as well, the society is the rise of digital world as it is
Such policies fundamentally alter the 8 per cent, whereas collateralised loan obliga- often necessitate liquidation or affect fund regulated corner it can find. becoming more vulnerable. inevitable. It just means we have to
dynamics of credit markets. For example, tions, managed by specialist fund managers, operation. The bulk of corporate debt is now Coming back to Orwell. It is not be aware of what we are stepping into
under negative rates, borrowers can only have increased to 60 per cent of total issu- on the border between investment grade and © Bloomberg clear who will be the big boss here, the and be better prepared.
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