1.

Find the red flagged activities for the following network given :

Activity Event Duration

A 1-2 5
B 1-3 6
C 2-3 3
D 2-4 8
Dummy 4-5 0
E 3-5 2
F 3-6 11
G 4-6 1
H 5-6 12

A. B, C

B. A, C

C. E, G

D. A, E

Ans. A

Sol.

Critical path : ADH = 5 + 8 + 12 = 25

Critical activities cannot be red-flagged.

For red-flagged : free float < total float

Activity B : Total float = LFT – EST – Duration

= 11 – 6 – 0 = 5

Free float = Total float – head slack

= 5 – (11 – 8) = 2

Activity C : TF = 11 – 5 – 3 = 3

FF = 3 – (11 – 8) = 0

∴ B and C are red-flagged activities.

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||PERT and CPM||PERT and CPM###

2. Zmax = x + 2y
Subjected to the following constraints

x+y≥6

x, y ≥ 0

y–x≤4

The solution is

A. Unbounded space and unbounded optimal solution

B. bounded space and unbounded optimal solution

C. degenerate solution

D. not a feasible solution

Ans. A

Sol. Zmax = x + 2y

Constraints :

x y
y–x  4   1
–4 4

x y
xy6  1
6 6

x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 (i.e., first quadrant)

Clearly, the solution space to the above problem is unbounded.

As it is a maximization problem, the value of the objective function increases indefinitely on

increasing the values of x and y in the solution space.
Therefore, Z = x + 2y with given constraints has unbounded space and unbounded optimal solution.

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Linear Programming||Linear Programming###

3. What is the service level for an item which is sold at Rs. 20 per unit. The cost price of the item is
Rs. 13 and on unsold items a rebate of Rs. 5 is given

A. 60%

B. 50%

C. 75%

D. 100%

Ans. B

Sol. Cost of understocking (CUS) = SP – CP = 20 – 13 = 7

Cost of over-stocking (COS) = CP – Rebate = 13 – 5 = 7

CUS 7
Service level =   0.5 50% 
CUS  COS 7  7

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Production Planning and Control||Production Planning and

Control###

4. In a single server queue, patients arrive at a rate of λ/unit time and they are treated at a rate of
𝜇per unit time. What is the waiting time (β) in the system, if waiting time in the queue is α.

1
A.    
µ

1
B.    
µ
1 1 1
C. 𝛽 = +µ
𝛼

1 1
D. 𝛼 = 𝛽 + µ

Ans. A


Sol. Traffic intensity, P 
µ

P 1
Waiting time in system =  
1–P 

1  µ 1
  1   
 µ µ–  µ– 

Waiting time in the queue.

P2 1
 
1–P 
 1 2 µ
  
 µ2 µ – 

 1 1
  –
µ µ –   µ –  µ

1
  –
µ

1
Therefore,    
µ

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Queuing Theory||Queuing Theory###

5. In a forecasting situation, exponential smoothing with a smoothing constant of α = 0.27 is used. If

the forecast for 6th month is 700 and the actual demand turned out to be 550. What is the forecast
of 8th month if actual demand of 7th month is 500.

A. 600

B. 630

C. 617

D. 625

Ans. C

Sol. Ft = Ft–1 + α (Dt–1 – Ft–1)

F7 = F6 + α (D6 – F6)

F8 = F7 + α (D7 – F7)

Therefore,

F8 = F6 + α (D6 – F6) + α (D7 – F6 – α (D6 – F6))

F8 = 700 + 0.27 (550 – 700) + 0.27 (500 – 700 – 0.27 × 1550 – 700)

= 700 – 0.27 × 150 + 0.27 × (–200 + 150 × 0.27)

= 659.9 + 0.27 × (–159.5)

= 616.435

F8≃ 617 units

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Forecasting||Forecasting###

6. What is the regression equation for the following data of a manufacturing plant ?

[sale = f/expense)]

Month Sale Expenses

1 264 2.5
 2 116 1.3
3 165 1.4
4 101 1.0
5 209 2.0
A. 8.371 + 108.99x

B. –8.371 + 109.98x

C. –8.137 + 109.23x

D. 8.713 + 103.92x

Ans. C

Sol.

Expense Sale X2 XY Y2
X Y
2.5 264 6.25 660 69696
1.3 116 1.69 150.8 13456
1.4 165 1.96 231 27225
1.0 101 1.00 101 10201
2.0 209 4.00 418 43681

ΣXY = 1560.8 ΣY2 = 164259 ΣX2 = 14.9

ΣX = 8.2 ΣY = 855

X  X / n  8.2 / 5  1.64
¯
𝑌 = 𝛴𝑌/𝑛 = 855/5 = 1.64

XY – nX Y 158.6
b   109.23
2 2 1.452
X – nX

a  Y – bX  171 – 109.23  1.64  –8.137

Y = a + bX

Y = –8.137 + 109.23X

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Forecasting||Forecasting###

7. An automobile company hires a repairmen to repair machines that break down in a poisson
fashion. The average rate of breakdown is 2/half-hour. The repairmen charge Rs. 70/hr and average
repair rate is 7/hr. What is the non-productive cost of machine/hr, if the cost of non-productive
machine time is Rs. 96/hr.

A. 68

B. 128
C. 158

D. 248

Ans. B

Sol. Arrival, λ = 4/hr

Service, µ = 7 hr

Non-productive cost = Rs. 96/hr

Labour cost = Rs. 70/hr

No. of non-productive m/c = length of system

P 
LS  
1–P µ– 

4 4
= = 𝑚/𝑐
7– 4 3
4
Cost of non-productive m/c time =  96  128
3

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Queuing Theory||Queuing Theory###

8. A company has to manufacture bracelets at a rate of 1,50,000 a year. It costs the company Rs. 40
to place an order, raw materials are ordered in batches of 40,000. The carrying cost is 25% of item
cost. What is the variation of cost (in percentage) in order quantity from optimal.(item cost = 0.20)

A. 0.012

B. 1.22

C. 2.13

D. 0.0213

Ans. B

Sol. Demand, D = 1,50,000 unit/yr

Co = 40

CH = 25% of unit cost

CH = 0.25 × 0.20, Cu = 0.20

= 0.05

Total cost at EOQ = TIC + D × unit cost

2DCoCH  DCu

 2  150000  40  0.05  150000  0.20

= 774.596 + 150000 × 0.20

= 30774.5966

Q D
Total cos t Q  40,000  C  DCu  Co
2 H Q

150000
= 20000 × 0.05 + 15000 × 0.2 +  40
40000

= 31150
31150– 30774.59
%  var𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = × 100 = 1.22%
30774.59
###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Inventory Control||Inventory Control###

9. The total cost function for a inventory system is, given as

Q 3000
TC  15000  
15 Q2

Then EOQ is ______ units

Ans. 45

Q
Sol. TC  15000   3000Q–2
15

dT 1
 – 6000Q–3  0
dQ 15

1 6000

15 Q3

Q3 = 15 × 6000

⇒ Q = 44.81 ≃ 45 units

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Inventory Control||Inventory Control###

10. For one unit of product P, 3X’s, 5Y’s and 7Z’s are required. Each X unit requires 2 M’s and 4O’s.
Each Y unit requires 4T’s and 5S’s and 2Z’s. if 20 P’s are needed the no. of units of Os required are

A. 360

B. 120

C. 240

D. 300

Ans. C

Sol.
P = 3X = 3 × 4 = 12O’s

∴ 20P’s = 20 × 12 = 240 O’s

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Production Planning and Control||Production Planning and

Control###

11. For the given network compute the latest finish time of event 6.

Ans. 14

Sol.

Latest finish time at even 6 = 14

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||PERT and CPM||PERT and CPM###

12. A primal problem is given as

Zmin = –2x + y

Constraints are : –y ≥ –5

And first quadrant zone

The dual of primal is

A. Infeasible

B. Feasible
C. Inconsistent

D. None of these

Ans. A

Sol. Z = –2x + y

Constraints, y ≤ 5

x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

As value of x increase value at Z will go on decreasing. The solution space is unbounded as shown.

Hence, dual is infeasible.

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Linear Programming||Linear Programming###

13. The cycle time for a mass manufacture operation is 15 minutes. The work allotments are tabulated
below. What is the smoothness index for given data _____

Work station Time allotted

1 10
2 7
3 8
4 6
5 9
Ans. 15.97

n
2
Sol. Smoothness index,    T – Ti 
i 1

 15 – 102  15 – 72  15 – 82  15 – 6 2  15 – 92

 52
 82  72  92  62 
= 15.97

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Production Planning and Control||Production Planning and

Control###

14. The IBFS (Initial Basic Feasible Solution) for the given transportation problem by Vogel’s
Approximation method is _______
 1 2 3 Supply
A 50 30 200 1
From
B 90 45 170 4
5
Demand 1 2 2
5

Ans. 480

Sol.

Transportation cost = 1 × 50 + 2 × 45 + 2 × 170

= 50 + 90 + 340 = 480

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Transportation and Assignment||Transportation and

Assignment###

15. Five workers are assigned tasks in an assembly line. They take 10, 8, 6,9and 10 minutes
respectively. What is the balance delay for this line

A. 20%

B. 14%

C. 86%

D. 73%

Ans. B

Sol. Cycle time = 10

No. of work stations = 5

Assembly time = 10 + 8 + 6 + 9 + 10 = 43 min

ti
Line efficiency =   100
nc

43
  100
5  10

= 86%

Balance delay = 100 – line efficiency

= 100 – 86 = 14%

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Production Planning and Control||Production Planning and

Control###

16. Five jobs (A, B, C, D and E) are to be processed sequentially on two machines M1 and M2. The
amount of time required is tabulated below :

Machine Time req. for jobs (hr)

A B C D E

M1 5 4 8 7 6

M2 3 9 2 4 10

What is the minimum total elapsed time for optimal sequence (hr) ______

Ans. 32

Sol. Using Johnson’s Rule : BEDAC

M1 M2
In Out In Out
B 0 4 4 13
E 4 10 13 23
D 10 17 23 27
A 17 22 27 30
C 22 30 30 32
Minimum total elapsed time = 32

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Scheduling||Scheduling###

17. In a JIT system, demand for a particular product is 2000 units. The safe stock is 15% of authorised
inventory. The product spends 0.06 day in handling and 0.04 in processing. How many containers are
to be authorised if 1 can contains 10 parts.

A. 77

B. 23

C. 30

D. 200

Ans. B

Sol. Demand during lead time = 2000 × (0.06 + 0.04) = 200

Safety stock = 0.15 × 200 = 30

200  30
No. of containers =  23
10
###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Production Planning and Control||Production Planning and
Control###

18. The solution of the following LPP is :

Zmax = 4x1 + 3x2

Constraint :

2x1 – 3x2≥ – 24

4x2 – 3x1≤ 36

x1, x2≥ 0

A. De-generate

B. Multiple optimal

C. Un-bounded

D. None of these

Ans. C

Sol.

Zmax = 4x1 + 3x1

2x1 – 3x2≥ –24

4x2 – 3x1≤ 36

x1, x2≥ 0

The solution region is unbounded.

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Linear Programming||Linear Programming###

19. Today’s day is 23 and five jobs are on order are tabulated below :

Job Due date Work days remaining

I 30 10
J 27 8
K 25 6
L 28 9
M 26 13
Rank the jobs as per critical ratio technique

A. M, K, L, I, J

B. I, L, J, K, M

C. J, I, M, L, K

D. M, K, J, L, I

Ans. D

Due date – today ' s date

Sol. Critical Ratio =
work remaining

30 – 23
I  0.70
10

27 – 23
J  0.50
8

25 – 23
K  0.333
6

28 – 23
L   0.555
9

26 – 23
M  0.2307
13

Least critical ratio is scheduled first

M, K, J, L, I

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Scheduling||Scheduling###

20. For the following network, the most-likely, optimistic and pessimistic time are given. What is the
expected completion time (days) _____

Ans. 37.83 Range : 37 to 38)

to  4tm  tp
Sol. Expected time = te 
6

6  4  8  11 49
tE AB   
6 6

5  4  7  10 43
tEBC   
6 6

8  4  10  14 62
tECD  
6 6
 7  4  12  18 73
tEDE  
6 6

Note : Optimistic < Most-likely < pessimistic

227
expected time =  37.83 days
6

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||PERT and CPM||PERT and CPM###

21. What is the probability of completing a project in 18 days, if it takes 15 days along the critical
path and standard deviation is 3 days ?

A. 15.87%

B. 84.13%

C. 70%

D. 39.78%

Ans. B

Sol. Probability factor,

Ts – Te 18 – 15
Z  1
 3

For Z = 1, probability is 84.13%

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||PERT and CPM||PERT and CPM###

22. What is the probability distribution of project duration for the following PERT network.

Activity to tp tm
1-2 2 8 5
1-3 1 3 2
2-3 4 8 6
3-4 3 5 4
3-5 2 4 3
4-5 8 16 12
A. 27 ± 5.47

B. 19 ± 1.69

C. 19 ± 5.47

D. 27 ± 1.69

Ans. A

Sol.
Critical path duration = 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5

= 5 + 6 + 4 + 12 = 27

2 2 2 2
8–2 8– 4 5–3  16 – 8 
Tcp   6   6   6   6 
       

1
 62  42  22  82  1.82
6

In PERT, project duration follows normal distribution

µ = critical path duration

∴ µ ± 3σ = 27 ± 3(1.82) = 27±5.47

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||PERT and CPM||PERT and CPM###

23. A project with details is given below

Activity Predecessor Duration (Days)

A — 4
B — 3
C A 3
D A 5
E B, C 5
F B, C 6
G D, E 8
What is the min. project completion path and the path along which max. resources are used.

A. B-F, A-D-G

B. ACEG, B-F

C. ACEG, ACEG

D. B-F, B-F

Ans. C

Sol.
A-D-G = 17 ACEG = 20

BEG = 16 BF = 9

ACF = 13

Min. project completion time = critical path = ACEG

Max. resources are used along critical path

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||PERT and CPM||PERT and CPM###

24. Using exponential smoothening of 1st order, with 𝛼 = 0.42, what will be the forecast for the
month of March ______

Month Demand Forecast

Jan 100 80
Feb 90
Mar 110
Ans. 89

Sol. FFeb = FJan + α (DJan – FFeb)

= 80 + 0.42 (100 – 80)

= 80 + 0.42 × 20

= 88.4

FMarch = FFeb + α (DFeb – FFeb)

= 88.4 + 0.42 (90 – 88.4)

= 89.072

≃ 89

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Forecasting||Forecasting###

25. Five jobs MNOPQ are scheduled using shortest processing time. The processing times are 4, 17,
14, 9 and 11. The due date are 6, 20, 28, 10, 9. What is the number of tardy jobs____

Ans. 2

Sol.

P-time Due date

M 4 6
N 17 20
 O 14 28
P 9 10
Q 11 9
Using SPT = MPQON

(Shortest processing time scheduled first)

Time Comp. time Due date

M 4 4 6
P 9 13 20
Q 11 22 28
O 14 36 10
N 17 53 9
Tardy jobs are O and N (2).

###TOPIC###Industrial Engineering||Scheduling||Scheduling###