THE EU TRADE POLICY

GREECE
Greece and European Trade Policy

Students:*Maria Gourbatsi,GOU0009
*Socrates Kitsakis,KIT0009
*Polychronis Christos Karatsais,KAR0042
Tuesday, November 09, 2010

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Table of content

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….3

2. Greek Economy……………………………..………………………………………………5

3. Greece Trade………………..………………………………………………………………7

4 . Exports……………………….………………………………………………………………..8

5. Imports……….………………………………………………………………………………...9

6. Financial Crisis…………………………………………………….……………..……….10

7. Concluding Remarks………………………………………………………………….13

8. Sources……………………………………………………………………………………….14

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Introduction
Greece achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the
second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually
added neighboring islands and territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. In
World War II, Greece was first invaded by Italy (1940) and subsequently occupied by
Germany (1941-44); fighting endured in a protracted civil war between supporters of
the king and Communist rebels. Following the latter's defeat in 1949, Greece joined
NATO in 1952. In 1967, a group of military officers seized power, establishing a
military dictatorship that suspended many political liberties and forced the king to
flee the country. In 1974, democratic elections and a referendum created a
parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy. In 1981, Greece joined the EC
(now the EU); it became the 12th member of the European Economic and Monetary
Union in 2001.

Flag description: nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white; a blue
square bearing a white cross appears in the upper hoist-side corner; the cross
symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established religion of the country

Capital: name: Athens

Government type: parliamentary republic,The Panhellenic Socialist Movement(

PASOK)

President of the Republic: Karolos Papoulias

Prime Minister: Georgios Papandreou

Location: Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the
Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey.

Land boundaries: total: 1,228 km

border countries: Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km, F.Y.R.O.M
246 km

Population:

Year Population Rank Percent Change Date of Information

2003 10,665,989 72 July 2003 est.
2004 10,668,354 75 0.02 % July 2005 est.
2005 10,668,354 75 0.00 % July 2005 est.
2006 10,688,058 74 0.18 % July 2006 est.
2007 10,706,290 74 0.17 % July 2007 est.
2008 10,722,816 74 0.15 % July 2008 est.
2009 10,737,428 74 0.14 % July 2009 est.
2010 10,737,428 75 0.00 % July 2009 est.

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Climate: temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers

Greek culture:Greece is a country of a great interests and diverse cultures,

influenced by its location, at the junction between the East and the West and by the
many occupations endured by the Greek people throughout history.
In general, the Greeks are particularly proud of their culture and speak of their
country with an intense passion, feeling that their Greek culture is a definition of their
national and ethnic belonging. Traditions, religion, music, language, food and wines
are the major composites of the Greece culture and constitute the base for those who
wish to visit the country.

 Tradition: Customs and traditions in Greece and the Greek Islands are either of a religious
character or coming from paganism. Furthermore, most of the traditions and festivals still
celebrated today are religious.
The Greeks are very superstitious people and believe a lot in religion but also in supernatural
or paranormal phenomenon.Traditions and superstitions vary from island to island, from
villages to villages and from region to region.
 Greece Religion: The Greek population is composed of a 97% of Christian Orthodox. The
rest of the population is Muslim, Roman Catholic and Jewish. Greece (and the Greek Islands)
and Russia are the only countries to have such a great proportion of people that belong to
the Orthodox Church.
The Orthodox Church forms the third largest branch of Christianity after the Roman
Catholics and the Protestants.

 Greece Food and Wine are famous for their good quality and amazing taste. Some dishes
are the same everywhere in Greece and the Greek Islands, whereas some others are local
culinary specialties, so they wille hardly be found in another Greek region.Here is a basic list
of some of the most famous food in Greece:

MEZEDES: The mezedes (single: mezes) are appetizers, served before or with the
main dishes, usually accompanied with ouzo or tsipouro. They come in small plates.
It is one of the basic elements of the Greek culture to share food and wine with
friends, in a joyful and unhurried environment.
SALADS: Of course, the most famous is the Greek salad, or else Horiatiki (Village
Salad), but there are also many other types of salads and dip sauces.
MAIN DISHES: Greeks have a lot of excellent main dishes and meat is their favourite
ingredient.
- Moussaka: This famous Greek dish has a base made of potatoes topped with
eggplants onions, minced beef and bechamel creme.
WINES OF GREECE AND ALCOHOL BEVERAGES: Greece is a big producer of wines and
local alcohols.
- Ouzo: This is the most famous Greek alcohol beverage, the trade mark of the
country. It is a strong alcohol, drinkable straight with ice or with a bit of water. It is
ideal to drink with all kinds of mezedes. The best ouzo is made in Lesvos and the
most famous trades are Ouzo Plomariou and Barbayanni.
- Wines of Greece: There is a huge diversity of Greek wines: red, white and rose,
sweet or dry.

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Greek Economy
Greece has a capitalist economy with the public sector accounting for about 40% of
GDP and with per capita GDP about two-thirds that of the leading euro-zone
economies. Tourism provides 15% of GDP. Immigrants make up nearly one-fifth of
the work force, mainly in agricultural and unskilled jobs. Greece is a major
beneficiary of EU aid, equal to about 3.3% of annual GDP. The Greek economy grew
by nearly 4.0% per year between 2003 and 2007, due partly to infrastructural
spending related to the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, and in part to an increased
availability of credit, which has sustained record levels of consumer spending. But
growth dropped to 2.9% in 2008. The economy went into recession in 2009 and
contracted by 2.5%, as a result of the world financial crisis, tightening credit
conditions, and Athens' failure to address a growing budget deficit, triggered by
falling state revenues, and increased government expenditures. Greece violated the
EU's Growth and Stability Pact budget deficit criterion of no more than 3% of GDP
from 2001 to 2006, but finally met that criterion in 2007-08, before exceeding it again
in 2009, with the deficit reaching 12.7% of GDP. Public debt, inflation, and
unemployment are above the euro-zone average while per capita income is the lowest
of the pre-2005 EU countries; debt and unemployment rose in 2009, while inflation
subsided. Eroding public finances, a credibility gap stemming from inaccurate and
misreported statistics, and consistent underperformance on following through with
reforms prompted major credit rating agencies in late 2009 to downgrade Greece's
international debt rating, which has led to increased financial instability. Under
intense pressure by the EU and international market participants, the government has
adopted a medium-term austerity program that includes cutting government spending,
reducing the size of the public sector, decreasing tax evasion, reforming the health
care and pension systems, and improving competitiveness through structural reforms
to the labor and product markets. Athens, however, faces long-term challenges to
push through unpopular reforms in the face of often vocal opposition from the
country's powerful labor unions and the general public. Greek labor unions are
prepared to strike over new austerity measures and continued widespread unrest could
challenge the government's ability to implement reforms and meet budget targets, and
could also lead to rioting or violence. Greece is one of the poorest countries of the
European Union with the second-to-lowest average income, after Portugal.
The reconstruction of the economy and the reduction of unemployment (10%) are the
major challenges of the country.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$339.2 billion (2009 est.)

$347.9 billion (2008 est.)
$338.1 billion (2007 est.)
note: data are in 2009 US dollars

Definition: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final
goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at
purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and
services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This

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is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when
comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries.

GDP - real growth rate:-2% (2009 est.)

country comparison to the world: 150

2% (2008 est.)

4.5% (2007 est.)

GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 3.4%

industry: 20.8%
services: 75.8% (2009 est.)

Year GDP based on PPP valuation of country GDP Percent Change

2003 247.747 7.85 %
2004 266.503 7.57 %
2005 281.467 5.61 %
2006 303.705 7.90 %
2007 325.011 7.02 %
2008 341.688 5.13 %
2009 344.404 0.79 %

8 7.85 7.9
7.57
7 7.02

6
5.61
5 5.13

1
0.79

0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

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Greece Trade
 Traditionally, the balance of Greece trade has been negative. However, ever since
Greece joined the EU and gave up restrictive trading measures, things have started to
look up, albeit with still a negative balance. The US remains the largest trade partner
of the nation outside of EU members.

Greece trade imbalance has been managed with loans from the EU, remittances from
expatriates, shipping and tourism. Tourism has, in fact, helped the nation collect
foreign exchange and contributes to the GDP on an increasing trend.

Greece’s trade policy is the same as that of other members of the European Union.
The common EU weighted average tariff rate was 1.3 percent in 2008. However, the
EU has high or escalating tariffs for agricultural and manufacturing products, and its
MFN tariff code is complex. Non-tariff barriers reflected in EU and Greek policy
include agricultural and manufacturing subsidies, quotas, import restrictions and bans
for some goods and services, market access restrictions in some services sectors, non-
transparent and restrictive regulations and standards, and inconsistent regulatory and
customs administration among EU members. Subsidies, regulations, and services
market access restrictions exceed EU policy, and the enforcement of intellectual
property rights is problematic. Fifteen points were deducted from Greece’s trade
freedom score to account for non-tariff barriers.

Greece Industry Sectors, Greece Industries

The trend in Greece industries is to encourage privatization, while controlling basic

industries such as electric power and petroleum refining. However, as the trend picks
up, the portion of government controlled industries is decreasing and the government
is divesting itself from the control in the telecommunications company, Olympic
Airways and the OTE.

Greece has diversified industries; however, their contribution to the national economy
is not quite significant. The various Greece industries are:

 Tourism

 Food and tobacco processing

 Textiles

 Chemicals

 Metal products

 Mining

 Petroleum

In terms of contributing towards the GDP, the following are the figures:

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 Agriculture: 3.4%

 Industry: 20.8%

 Services: 75.8%

Greek industry sector contributes to employment, by absorbing 22.4% of the working

population. This is second to the service sector that absorbs 65.1% work force.

The employment share could have risen had it not been for recession; however, as
Greek industries experienced a slump and industrial growth rate amounted to around
3.2%, the unemployment rate increased from 7.7% (2008) to 8.9% (2009).

Exports
Greece has been a traditional exporter of food, beverages and textiles. It has most of its
trading partners located in the EU with the only notable external trade partner being USA. In
2009, the economy suffered due to dip in exports, as the figures dropped from $29.14 billion
(2008) to $18.64 billion in 2009. The country, in terms of export volume, ranked 65 th in the
world and thus was far below the EU rankings. Greece exports totally 12.5 billion dollars of
manufactured goods.

Greece mainly exports the following commodities:

 Food and beverages

 Manufactured goods

 Petroleum products

 Chemicals

 Textiles 

Major export partners are:

 Italy

 Germany

 Bulgaria

 Cyprus

 USA

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  UK

 Romania

 France

The total amount of exports in 2009 was $21.34 billion in addition with 2008 which
was $29.14 billion. The country comparison to the world: 66..!!

Imports
The excessive amount of imports has always been a cause of worry for Greece
economy. Even though imports decreased during recession, the volume remained a lot
higher than exports. Thus, the economy had to rely on tourism, loans as well as
remittances from expatriates for filling the gap.

In 2009, the imports volume was $61.47 billion. At the same time previous year, the
volume had been $93.91 billion. In terms of imports volume, the country ranked 37th
in the world.

The following countries have been regular import partners of Greece:

 Germany 12.1%

 Italy 11.7%

 Russia 7.4%

 China 5.6%

 France 5.1%

 Netherlands 4.7%

The main imported commodities are machinery, transport equipment, fuels and
chemicals.

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10
Greece and the Financial Crisis
Over the past decade, Greece borrowed heavily in international capital markets to fund
Government budget and current account deficits. The reliance on financing from
international capital markets left Greece highly vulnerable to shifts in investor confidence.
Investors became Jittery in October 2009, when the newly elected Greek government revised
the estimate of the government budget deficit for 2009 from 6.7% of gross domestic product
(GDP) to 12.7% of GDP. In April 2010, Eurostat, the European Union (EU)’s statistical
agency, estimated Greece’s deficit to be even higher, at 13.6% of GDP. Investors have
become increasingly nervous about Greece’s ability to repay its maturing debt obligations,
estimated at €54 billion ($72.1 billion) for 2010. On April 23, 2010, the Greek government
requested financial assistance from other European countries and the International Monetary
Fund (IMF) to help cover its maturing debt obligations. This report analyses the Greek debt
crisis and implications for the United States.
The debt crisis has both domestic and international causes. Domestically, analysts point to
high government spending, weak revenue collection, and structural rigidities in Greece’s
economy.
Internationally, observers argue that Greece’s access to capital at low interest rates after
adopting the euro and weak enforcement of EU rules concerning debt and deficit ceilings
facilitated Greece’s ability to accumulate high levels of external debt.
During the crisis, the Greek government has sold bonds in order to raise needed funds.
Greece’s government has also unveiled, amidst domestic protests, austerity measures aimed at
reducing the government deficit below 3% of GDP by 2012. It also appears likely that Greece
will receive financial assistance from countries that use the euro as their national currency
(the Euro zone) and the IMF in order to avoid defaulting on its debt. A common method for
addressing budget and current account deficits, currency devaluation, is not possible for
Greece as long as it uses the euro as its national currency. If the austerity measures and
financial assistance from outside parties prove insufficient, Greece could be forced to default
on, or restructure, its debt.
Greece’s crisis has numerous broader policy implications. There is concern that Greece’s
crisis could spill over to other European countries in difficult economic positions, including
Portugal, Ireland, Italy, and Spain. Greece’s crisis has raised questions about imbalances
within the Euro zone, which has a common monetary policy but diverse national fiscal
policies. It has also come to light that complex financial instruments may have played a role
in helping Greece accumulate and conceal its debt, which may have ramifications for debates
in the United States and the EU over financial regulatory reform.
Greece’s crisis could have several implications for the United States. First, falling investor
Confidence in the Euro zone could further weaken the euro and, in turn, widen the U.S. trade
deficit. Second, given the strong economic ties between the United States and the EU,
financial instability in the EU could impact the U.S. economy. Third, $14.1 billion of
Greece’s debt is held by U.S. creditors, and a Greek default would likely have ramifications
for these creditors. Fourth, some point to similarities between the financial situation in Greece
and the United States, implying that Greece’s current crisis foreshadows what the United
States could face in the future.
Others argue that the analogy is weak, because the United States, unlike Greece, has a
floating exchange rate and the dollar is a reserve currency. Fifth, the debate about imbalances
within the Euro zone is similar to the debates about U.S.-China imbalances, and reiterates
how, in a globalized economy, the economic policies of one country impact other countries’
economies.
Greece is currently facing a classic sovereign debt crisis. Greece accumulated high levels of
debt during the decade before the crisis, when capital markets were highly liquid. As the crisis
has unfolded, and capital markets have become more illiquid, Greece may no longer be able
to roll over its maturing debt obligations. Some analysts have discussed the possibility of a
Greek default. To avoid such a default, however, the Greek government has introduced a

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variety of austerity measures and, on April 23, 2010, formally requested financial assistance
from the other 15 European Union (EU) member states that use the euro as their national
currency (the Euro zone) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Greece’s debt crisis has raised a host of questions about the merits of the euro and the
prospects for future European integration, with some calling for more integration and others
less. Some have also pointed to possible problems associated with a common monetary policy
but diverse national fiscal policies. Finally, Greece’s debt crisis has implications for the
United States. The United States and the EU have exceptionally strong economic ties, and a
crisis in Greece that threatens to spill over to other Southern European countries could impact
U.S. economic relations with the EU.
Given this context, congressional interest in Greece’s debt crisis is high. Numerous
congressional hearings in 2010 have referenced Greece’s economic situation, including
hearings before the House Committees on Appropriations, the Budget, Financial Services,
Foreign Affairs, and Select Intelligence; the Senate Committees on Finance and Banking,
Housing, and Urban Affairs; and the Joint Committee on Economics. The House Committee
on Financial Services has scheduled a hearing for April 29, 2010, on the implications of
Greece’s debt crisis for credit default swaps.
Finally, Greece’s economic situation was a major focus of discussion during Greece Prime
Minister George Papandreou’s meetings with congressional leaders in a visit to Washington,
DC, in March 2010.

Outbreak of the Current Crisis

Since late 2009, investor confidence in the Greek government has been rattled. In October
2009, the new socialist government, led by Prime Minister George Papandreou, revised the
estimate of the government budget deficit for 2009, nearly doubling the existing estimate of
6.7% of GDP to 12.7% of GDP. This was shortly followed by rating downgrades of Greek
bonds by the three major credit rating agencies. In late November, questions about whether
Dubai World, a state controlled enterprise, would default on its debt raised additional
concerns about the possibility of a cascade of sovereign defaults for governments under the
strain of the financial crisis. Countries with large external debts, like Greece, were of
particular concern for investors. Allegations that Greek governments had falsified statistics
and attempted to obscure debt levels through complex financial instruments also contributed
to a drop in investor confidence. Before the crisis, Greek 10-year bond yields were 10 to 40
basis points above German 10-year bonds. With the crisis, this spread increased to 400 basis
points in January 2010, which was at the time a record high. High bond spreads indicate
declining investor confidence in the Greek economy.
Despite increasing nervousness surrounding Greece’s economy, the Greek government was
able to successfully sell €8 billion ($10.6 billion) in bonds at the end of January 2010, €5
billion ($6.7 billion) at the end of March 2010, and €1.56 billion ($2.07 billion) in mid-April
2010, albeit at high interest rates. However, Greece must borrow an additional €54 billion
($71.8 billion) to cover maturing debt and interest payments in 2010, and there are concerns
about the government’s ability to do so.
At the end of March 2010, the Euro zone member states pledged to provide financial
assistance to Greece in concert with the IMF, if necessary and if requested by Greece’s
government. In mid- April 2010, the details of the proposed financial assistance package for
this year were released: a three-year loan worth €30 billion ($40 billion) at 5% interest rates,
above what other Southern European countries borrow at, but below the rate currently
charged by private investors on Greek bonds. It is expected that an IMF stand-by
arrangement, the IMF’s standard loan for helping countries address balance of payments
difficulties, valued at €15 billion ($20 billion) for this year would precede any assistance
provided to Greece by the Euro zone members.
Investor jitteriness spiked again in April 2010, when Euro stat released its estimate of
Greece’s budget deficit. At 13.6% of GDP, Euro stat’s estimate was almost a full percentage
higher than the previous estimate released by the Greek government in October 2009. This led

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to renewed questions about Greece’s ability to repay its debts, with €8.5 billion ($11.1 billion)
falling due in mid-May 2010. On April 23, 2010, the Greek government formally requested
financial assistance from the IMF and other Euro zone countries. The European Commission,
backed by Germany, requested that the details of Greece’s budget cuts for 2010, 2011, and
2012 be released before providing the financial assistance. In late April 2010, the spread
between Greek and German 10- year bonds reached a record high of 650 basis points, and one
of the major credit rating agencies, Moody’s, downgraded Greece’s bond rating.

Addressing the Crisis: Progress to Date

In an effort to restore investor confidence in the Greek economy, the Papandreou government
has pursued a series of wide-ranging fiscal austerity measures. However, the combination of
spending cuts and tax increases do not appear to have appeased investors enough to enable
Greece to raise the money it needs to cover its maturing debt payments. On April 23, 2010,
Papandreou announced that Greece would draw on €45 billion ($60 billion) in emergency
financial assistance from Euro zone members and the IMF in order to avoid defaulting on its
debt obligations.
Although European leaders and the IMF have welcomed the austerity measures taken by the
Greek government thus far, they are expected to request additional measures and further
details on plans to meet budget deficit targets in exchange for financial assistance.
Some have suggested that, in addition to austerity and financial assistance from Euro zone
member states and the IMF, Greece could finance its budget deficit and increase the
competitiveness of its exports by exiting the Euro zone and adopting and devaluing a new
national currency. However, most consider this an unlikely policy course as both Greek and
European leaders appear committed to ensuring that Greece remain a Euro zone member and
exiting the Euro zone could make future borrowing costs much higher for Greece. If the
government is not able to satisfactorily reduce its budget deficit through fiscal austerity or
financial assistance from a third party, it may be forced to restructure or default on its debt
obligations.

European Integration
Greece’s debt crisis has also launched a number of broader debates about the EU’s monetary
union. Since the introduction of the euro in 1999, skeptics have pointed to a mismatch
between the EU’s advanced economic and monetary union and an incomplete political union.
Even within the economic areas, where the EU is more tightly integrated, the Eurozone has a
single monetary policy but 16 separate (if loosely coordinated) national fiscal policies. Critics
argue that this arrangement is prone to problems and imbalances that threaten the viability of
having a common currency. Others assert that the Greek crisis points to the need for stronger
EU economic governance, at the very least in the form of a tighter and more enforceable
Stability and Growth Pact. Going further, some proponents of deeper integration would like to
use the crisis to launch a discussion about moving towards a more integrated EU-wide fiscal
policy.
Additionally, some officials and analysts have proposed that the EU create a new European
Monetary Fund (EMF) that would allow it to respond more smoothly to financial crises
within individual member states in the future, operating much like the IMF but on a regional,
rather than global, basis. There is some discussion that this would require a new governing
treaty for the EU, which may be politically difficult to pass. Following the Asian financial
crisis in 1997-1998, similar proposals for creating an institution like the IMF, but operating
specifically within the region, were discussed but no such institution was created.
Finally, Greece’s crisis has brought to light imbalances within the Eurozone. Some Northern
European countries, such as Germany, have relied on exports for economic growth and
pursued policies that aim to promote such export-led growth, such as wage moderation to
keep the costs of production low and make exports competitive. Combined with conservative
fiscal policies that promote high levels of savings, these countries have run large current

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account surpluses. In contrast, some Southern European countries, like Greece, have had
higher levels of wage growth and more expansionary fiscal policies, leading to less
competitive exports and lower levels of savings. These countries have run large current
account deficits and borrowed to finance these deficits.
Some argue that the Southern European countries now need to reduce their debt and increase
savings, which translates to running current account surpluses. 60 Hopes for export-led growth
may be difficult to realize, however, in the face of the global economic recession. Greece’s
reliance on tourism, which is highly affected by economic conditions (consumer spending on
luxury items) and shipping, which is also affected by economic conditions (increased trade;
low energy costs), raises real questions about trade providing much of a boost to the
economy.
Additionally, observers note that it is unclear whether the Northern European countries such
as Germany are willing to take the steps necessary in their own domestic economies to reduce
their levels of savings, curb exports, cut their current account surpluses, and promote this
rebalancing within the Eurozone. How imbalances will be resolved within the Euro zone may
be an important component of debates about EU integration in the future.

Concluding Remarks
The best way to minimise the negative consequences for the Greek economy from the
continued crisis in the international financial system, external inflationary pressures and the
expected slowdown in the growth of world economic activity is to continue the efforts to
improve the fundamentals of the economy.
The aforementioned policies will bear fruit in terms of further raising living standards. In the
last 12 years, real per capita GDP has risen by a cumulative 51%. However, despite strong
growth, 13% of employed persons, 25% of pensioners and 33% of unemployed persons are
still below the poverty line. Moreover, in between households that have already benefited
from growth and enjoy increasingly high incomes, on the one hand, and poor households, on
the other hand, there is also a considerable number of households living on the verge of
economic and social insecurity.
While the establishment of the National Fund for Social Cohesion is a positive step towards
tackling poverty and inequality, in itself it is not enough. It is also necessary to implement
policies for reducing unemployment, raising the percentage of skilled workers and
facilitating labour market entry.
To conclude, therefore, if living standards are to continue rising and the problems of poverty
and inequality are to be tackled, it is necessary to place much greater emphasis on
productivity-driven growth. Demand-driven growth which is not accompanied by rising
productivity has its own natural limits and cannot be expected to shelter the Greek economy
from the impact of a possible slowdown in world growth and a rise in world inflation. By
contrast, policies to improve productivity can better insulate the economy from external
shocks and lay more solid foundations for higher living standards in the future.

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Sources:

http://www.heritage.org/index/country/Greece

http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3395.htm

http://international-trade-reports.blogspot.com/2010/05/greeces-
debt-crisis-overview-policy.html

http://www.greeka.com/greece.htm

http://www.greekproductstrade.com/products.html

http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/greece/greece_economy.html

http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home

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