Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Breastfeeding: Incisors)
Breastfeeding: Incisors)
1
breast milk if the mother is drinking cow’s milk in high b. External structures of the human breast
amount and could still lead to allergy Nipple
Lactoferrin – has been suggested to contribute to Areola
marked resistance against diarrhea in breastfed Glands of Montgomery
infants – oil and sweat secreting glands around the
- Bacteriostatic – binds with iron and therefore areola; softens the nipple for protection; kills
deprives e. coli of Iron that they need in order to microorganisms
survive
Lactose c. Internal Structures
- Promotes absorption of calcium, magnesium and Fatty tissues
protein Connective tissues
- Promotes the growth of intestinal bacteria that Glandular tissues
are able to synthesize B complex vitamins
- The stool flora is fermentative rather than d. Functions
putrefactive in the presence of lactose Each breast has a mammary gland, a modified
sudoriferous (sweat) gland that produces milk
C. ANATOMY OF THE BREAST Mammary gland - consists of 15 to 20 lobes, or
compartments, separated by a variable amount of
adipose tissue.
Lobules - compartments composed of alveoli
embedded in connective tissue.
Alveoli - grapelike clusters of milk-secreting
glands which is made of:
a. Milk secreting/acinar cells - produce the milk
b. Myoepithelial cells- contracts when
breastfeeding starts, causing the expulsion of
milk into the ducts
Near the nipple, the mammary ducts expand to
form sinuses called lactiferous sinuses, where
some milk may be stored before draining into a
lactiferous duct.
e. Hormones involved
Estrogen – duct system and increase fat
deposition resulting in enlargement of the breast
Progesterone – glandular tissue resulting in the
development of alveoli of secretory cells in
preparation for milk production
D. PHYSIOLOGY OF LACTATION
2 Key reflexes in lactation:
2
stimulation → prolactin secretion → stimulate Expressed breast milk can be collected by hand or by
acinar cells → milk production breast pump. Can be stored for 4 hours (clay pot with cold
2. Let down reflex - activated even without sucking of water), 24 hours (fridge) to 3 months (freezer). Store
breast; the mere thought of the mother of the baby separately every extraction in a sterile, numbered
can bring about this reflex container.
Simultaneously, the signals sent to the
hypothalamus → stimulates POSTERIOR pituitary When the baby is fed with rubber nipple first, it may lead
gland → release oxytocin → contraction of to “nipple confusion” since the rubber nipple is easier to
myoepithelial cells → letdown reflex suck
Both breasts should be used alternately. If only Stool of breastfed infants is softer, smaller and sweeter
one breast is emptied while the other is allowed smelling than stool of formula-fed infants; digestion is
to congest, there is inhibition of prolactin reflex more efficient and more complete.
so that the period of lactation is shortened
F. CONTRAINDICATIONS OF BREASTFEEDING
E. MANAGEMENT OF BREASTFEEDING Baby – if with galactosemia
1. Preparing for breastfeeding: Mother – if with severe psychosis, severe
for normal nipples, toughen the nipples to infections
eliminate the chances of nipples being sore during Viruses secreted in milk:
breastfeeding HIV: if mom is a known carrier or has HIV
-pull nipples gently in all directions infection, she is NOT prohibited to let the
-wear loose clothing baby breastfeed especially if the family is very
for flat or inverted nipples: poor and could not afford substitute milk
Hoffman maneuver- both thumbs on the side of Cytomegalovirus: does not affect term babies
the nipple, pull gently outwards significantly, but preterm babies may be
2. Start of breastfeeding: affected
-put baby to the breast as soon as possible after Rubella
delivery Hepatitis B: if mom is known to have Hepa B,
-feed colostrums give hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 12
-help the baby suck utilizing rooting, sucking and hours so baby can be immunized and can be
swallowing reflex breastfed
“Fore” milk “Hind” milk Herpes simplex – breastfeeding is
st
1 milk expressed Last milk obtained at contraindicated
during nursing period end of feeding Human Lymphotrophic Virus: Not a common
Clear, thin, bluish color Thick, creamy white condition
↓fat ↑water content ↑fat (highest at day,
lowest at night) Cleft lip / palate are NOT a contraindication!
3. Techniques of breastfeeding:
should be done in comfortable position-lying,
sitting or football position G. INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD
frequent feeding ILLNESSES (IMCI)
let baby suck on demand Recognizing good attachment and good positioning
pure bf for 4-6 months for the contraceptive
effect to take place as well Signs of good attachment:
cleanliness is important - bathing once a day is Infant’s chin should touch the breast
enough cleanliness (no need for soap and water mouth should be wide open
since the drop of milk at the breast is lower lip turn outward
bacteriostatic) more areola showing above
3
infant’s head and body should be straight
infant’s head and body facing breast
infant’s body close to the mother
mother is supporting infant’s entire body
REMINDERS:
2 exams on Monday from Dr. Carmona!
PE and history taking of newborn
Breast feeding