TOPIC 1.

0 ENGINEERING PROFESSION

1. Define the term of Engineer

o A person that applying technical and scientific knowledge and utilizing natural laws and
physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, machines,
devices, systems and processes that safely realize a desired objective and meet specified
criteria.

2. Define the term of engineering

o Engineering is the discipline and profession of applying technical and scientific knowledge
and utilizing natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement
materials, structures, machines, devices, systems and processes that safely realize a
desired objective and meet specified criteria.

3. State the importance of engineering in daily life

I) Engineers apply physical and chemical laws and principles and mathematics to design
many products and services.
II) Engineers consider important factors such as costs, efficiency, reliability and safety
when designing products.
III) Engineers perform tests to make certain that the products design withstand various
loads and conditions.
IV) Engineers play significant role in design and maintenance of a nation’s infrastructure,
including communication systems, public utilities, and transportation.
V) Design and maintenance of a nation’s infrastructure.

4. List out and describe three (3) engineering professional bodies in Malaysia
i) Board of engineering Malaysia (BEM)
o To hear and determine disputes relating to professional conduct or ethics of
registered Engineers.
o To determine and regulate the conduct and ethics of the engineering profession.
o Regulating the professional conduct.
o Practice of registered engineers in order to safeguard the safety and interest of the
public.

ii) Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM’S)

o Professional standard set by IEM for membership are accepted by BEM as
qualifications for registration as a Professional Engineer.
o Membership is voluntary.

iii) The Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM)

o Promote the interest of consulting engineer as a profession.
o Non-profit organization comprising of consulting engineers.

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5. Differentiate between scientist, engineer and technologist.

Scientist Engineer Technologist

Expansion of knowledge and
understanding physical
process.
Discovery of law rather than
their application to product
development.
Use scientific method to do
research in physical science
and other field of science.
Apply knowledge of
Mathematics, Science material
and physical principles.
Develop new better products
and machine.
Well as skill in
communications and business.
Using a product of the
engineer's creation.
Enhance the products
produced by the engineer
Establish engineering
principles and processes.

6. a) Describe the following fields of engineering.

b) List and describe the various fields of each.

i) Mechanical Engineering
a) Is an engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics for
analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems.

b) The various fields in Mechanical Engineering:

o Production and Industrial Engineering
- Mechanical Engineering is required in manufacturing sectors to ensure a
smooth product and material manufacturing processes. The design of a
manufacturing system, supervision and selection of materials, maintenance,
processing and production ensures a good quality product and production
meets the established schedule.
o Automotive Engineering
- The scope of this engineering work covers design, assembly, maintenance
and repair of motor vehicles.
o Aeronautical Engineering
- This Mechanical Engineering field is specifically for the aviation industry. The
scope of the work covers design, assembly, maintenance and repair of
aircrafts.
o Marine Engineering
- This Mechanical Engineering field specifies in works related to the
maintenance, repair and design components in the shipping industry.
o Plant Engineering
- This Mechanical Engineering field is specifies in works related to the design
and maintenance of plants such as the refinery plant, sanitation plant, boiler
plant, and power generation plant. The scope of work includes the design
assembly, maintenance and repair of a plant.

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ii) Civil Engineering

a) Is an professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction and
maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including work such as
bridges, roads, canals, dams, and buildings.

b) The various fields in Civil Engineering:

o Structural Engineering
- Concerned with the structural design and structural analysis.
- Identifying the loads which act upon a structure and the forces and stresses
which arise within that structure due to those loads.
- And then designing the structure to successfully support and resist those
loads.
o Geotechnical Engineering
- The application of scientific methods and engineering principles to
acquisition, interpretation and use of knowledge of materials of the Earth’s
crust and earth materials for the solution of engineering problems.
- It is the applied science of predicting the behavior of the earth and its
problem.
o Hydraulic engineering
- Concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water.
o Transport Engineering
- Concerned with moving people and good efficiently, safety, and in a manner
conductive to vibrant community.
- The work scope is involves specifying, designing, constructing, and
maintaining transportation infrastructure.
o Highway engineering
- Is the process of design and construction of efficient and safe highways and
roads.
o Environmental Engineering
- Deals with the treatment of chemical, biological, and thermal waste, the
purification of water and air, and the remediation of contaminated site, due
to prior waste disposal or accidental contamination.
- Gathering of information on the environmental consequences of proposed
actions and the assessment of effects of proposed actions for the purpose of
assisting society and policy makers in the decision making process.
o Surveying and Construction
o Water resorces

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iii) Electrical and Electronic Engineering

a) Field of engineering that deals with the study and application of electricity,
electronics and electromagnetism.

b) The various fields in Electrical and Electronic Engineering:

o Mechatronics
- Is the synergistic combination of mechanical engineering, electronic
engineering, controls engineering and computer engineering to create
useful products.
o Computing
- Is a discipline that combines elements of both Electrical Engineering and
Computer Science.
- Monitors many subsystems in motor vehicles.
o Communications
o Power
o Controls
o Instrumentation

7. List and describe others engineering fields.

a) Chemical engineering
o Is the branch of engineering that deals with the application of physical science and
mathematics to the process of converting raw materials or chemical into more
useful or valuable forms.

b) Aerospace engineering
o Is the branch of engineering behind the design, construction and science of aircraft
and spacecraft.
o Broken into two major and overlapping branches:
- Aeronautical engineering
- Astronautical engineering
o Operate outside Earth’s atmosphere.
o Informally called rocket science.
o Also can be categorized under mechanical or electrical engineering.

c) Agricultural engineering
o Is a discipline that combines engineering science and agriculture knowledge in order
to ensure food security.

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o Deal with the development and improvement of cultivation methods and livestock
production systems as well as processing engineering.
o Design machineries and structures for alternative energy systems such as bioenergy.
8. Define the professional engineer
o A graduate engineer who has obtained the prescribed practical experience, passed the
Professional Assessment Examination, and satisfied all other requirement of the BEM.

9. What is a professional engineer?

o Engineer that registered with BEM as Professional Engineer.
o Use title ‘Ir’ in front of his/her name.
o Approve engineering task such as the design of bridges, electrical power plants, and

chemical plants.
o Has the authority to sign and seal or “stamp” engineering documents for a study, estimate,
design or analysis, thus taking legal responsibility for it.

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10. How to register as professional engineer?

i) Must have a bachelor’s degree in engineering from an accredited engineering
programme.
ii) Registered as a Graduate Engineer with BEM.
iii) Satisfied the training requirements of BEM.
iv) Passed the Professional Assessment Examination (PAE) of BEM;
v) Or be elected as a Corporate Member of the Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)
vi) Performs engineering work at least 3 years minimum usually 5-6 years.
vii) Have been residing in Malaysia for a period of not less than six months.

11.

Employment Work scope Qualification

Technical Assistant (TA) o Supervising a pool of skilled
work
Technician o Perform engineering work
compatible to their
qualification
o Normally works under TA.
Skilled trades o Work compatible to their
skill.
Diploma in Engineering
Certificate in Engineering
(usually from Polytechnic)
Certificate in related skill
(regonized by National
Vocational Training Council)

12. List out the various prospect in engineering and describe the all of them.
i) Practicing Engineering – Person that has qualification in engineering degree and
practice an engineering work.
ii) Engineering Consultant – An engineer that works in a firm or company that providing a
consultation services. This type of engineer offers services to the public for a fee.
iii) Engineering Contractor – An engineer that work/join a company that has an engineering
contract either receiving the contract from government or private company.
iv) Academics – Persons that has a qualification in engineering degree, however practice as
an academician such as lecture or teacher.
v) Researcher – Person that has a qualification in engineering degree, however engaged
with a basic or applied research works.

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