A Comparative Study between the Component of Lemon Grass and Off

Lotion as Mosquito Repellent

NATURA-NATUS

Franchezca Denise S. Gomez

Joseph A. Galicinao

Mark Arnold D. Bantog

Rica Jane H. Maraya

Jastine Marie Cuizon

12 – STEM

Ismael Mathay Sr. High School

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to give their highest gratitude towards the people behind
the success in the making of this research. Also thanks to their adviser, Mrs. Cinco for playing
a big role in the process. For helping the researchers to learn, for letting to build new ideas
and earn knowledge that enables them to continue on pursuing their work. The researchers
would also like to thank their parents with their unending love and support, to the UP Testing
Centre that made the researchers’ work successful, to the respondents in their research for
participating and taking a big part on their research, allowing the researchers to set their
data according to the rightful sources. To the principal, Ms. Gonzaga, for giving them the
permission to do their research. The researchers are giving their warmest thanks to all of
them. Lastly, the researchers are so much thankful to the Almighty God above for the
guidance, for keeping them safe and sound wherever they are. Whatever they do, while
conducting the research and also for giving the researchers wisdom and patience for
finishing this work.

The researchers are hoping that this research study will be of a big help to the future
researchers and readers.

The student researchers

 ABSTRACT

The safety of the people should be highest law in which we should have take part and take
action to prevent dangerous things that may happen, illness from mosquitoes in particular.It
is known that mosquitoes have bedevilled humans to centuries, spreading diseases and
death to million. Mosquitoes are perhaps part in the most dangerous animals in the world
since they are the primary vectors for human diseases. This research study aims to know and
learn what the components between Lemongrass are and Off Lotion on which is more
advisable or more recommendable to use. It also aims to give awareness to the people
involved in this problem or even the people who are not. Also the researchers wanted to
discover what are the main components that could prove what is more useful as well. Is it
the herbal—Lemongrass, or the synthetic one—Off Lotion?
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
The Problem and its Background ………………………………………………………………………...………… 0
Purpose of the Study ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...0
Scope and Limitations …………………………………………………………………………………………………... 0
Research Paradigm ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 0
Significance of the Study ………………………………………………………………………………………………...0
Statement of the Problem …………………………………………………………………………………………........0
Defenitions of Terms …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 0

CHAPTER II: BACKGROUND

Review of Related Literature ………………………………………………………………………………………….0

CHAPTER III: THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN

Research Methodology and Design ……………………………………………………………………………… 00
Research Design …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 00
Respondent of the Study ………………………………………………………………………………………...……00
Data Gathering Procedure …………………………………………………………………………………………… 00
Data Collection …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 00
Data Gathering Instrument ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 00
Data Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 00

CHAPTER IV: RESULTS

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation Data ……………………………………………………………00

CHAPTER V: FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings, conclusion and recommendations ………………………………………………00
Summary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 00
Conclusions …………………………………………………………………………………………………...…………… 00
Reccomendations ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 00

REFERENCES ………………………………………..…………………………………………………………….……00

APPENDICES …………………………………………………..……………………………………………………….00

BIOGRAPHICAL ………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..00
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Over million people are experiencing life threatening diseases mosquitoes can
carry. Mosquitoes can cause sickness and death through diseases they might get from it.
Apart from disease, mosquitoes also cause nuisance problems for rural home owners. In
extreme situations, high level of nuisance mosquitoes can pose a threat to livestock and
wild animals as well. Mosquitoes are perhaps the most dangerous animals in the world.
In particular, mosquitoes are known as the primary vectors for human major diseases
such as yellow fever, malaria, and dengue fever, which infect millions of humans
worldwide and kill millions each year. It is also added that there are more that 50 percent
of the world’s population is presently at risk from mosquito diseases.

The current methods of preventing mosquito diseases are highly inefficient.

People around the world are also engaged in the global war against life-threatening
diseases. So it is better to take part as part of the society to help against the problem that
is merely arising. The people should start a plan to protect themselves from exotic and
domestic bacteria transmitted by mosquitoes. The virus is spreading rapidly because
mosquitoes are more effective transmitter of diseases than any other insects. Mosquitoes
bite people to consume blood. Feeding allows the mosquitoes to produce eggs; a
mosquito pierces the skin like a needle and injects to a person’s skin. This allows the
disease-causing agent which for example, dengue. (Petervon et al. 2015)

Mosquitoes spread a disease more quickly than an illness such Ebola, which is
transmitted from person to person. It takes the for spreading by having a small fraction
of biting people and whenever it is done, it creates a wound and drinks blood from the
victim that is a major problem in the society. This supports the idea to pursue the study
in which the natural remedy which is the Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates)in contrary
of Off Lotion to know which is more recommendable. In order to prevent these diseases,
it must be known what are the causes and cure for it. This shows that it is merely
important to study such kind of research so that there are ways that the person’s involved
in this situation can do for preventing this kind of problematic issue.

The researchers aim to compare the herbal repellentand chemical repellent since
it is undeniable that having a best choice to use is a must. Nevertheless, the study also
focuses on analyzing the components of Lemongrass and Off Lotion. To serve this study,
the researchers would study the components by the help of the authorized personnel
which will validate the study as well. On the other hand, the researchers chose study this
issue because they are also inclined to this kind of situation, such as dangerous life-
situation that caused by mosquitoes. It had been also a way of having bad experiences
from it. This study is provided so that it’ll be a way of educating readers to avoid such
events that may happen to the readers and to the future researchers as well.
Purpose of the study

The purpose if this study is to provide information between the components of the
two subjects namely Lemongrass and Off Lotion on which will be helpful on repelling
deadly mosquitoes.

Scope and Delimitations

The research study was first conducted in the UP Testing Centre in which the
components are studied. Partially, it was also conducted in the researcher’s respective
places where the Lemongrass and off lotion was tested. The researchers chose to test
their study from the authorized personnel so that the outcome will be more accurate and
also, the researchers chose to test the study in their places for the process in actual.

Research Paradigm

• Review of related studies and articles that

include the effectiveness of the lemongrass as
insect repellent
INPUT • Examination of the components of
lemongrass that can help as an organic insect
repellent as well as the off lotion

• Group discussion
• Get Quantitative data
• Do an experimentation
PROCESS • Observation for 1 week
• Get the feedbacks of the different respondents
from the specific place

• Interpretation of the results and information

that was gathered from the respondents for
the approval that lemongrass can be an insect
repellent
OUTPUT • Information and knowledge that can be shared
to others for them to be informed how helpful
the lemon grass is as an insect repellent
Significance of the Study

The significance of the study is for those people who are involved in the places that
are prone in having diseases from the mosquito-bites. The researchers also want to
inform those people on the use of lemon grass as alternative mosquito repellent, as well
as giving awareness to them by comparing which should be used and which is not.
Therefore, researchers of this study wanted to inform the readers in terms of giving them
a clearer understanding about the issue, and also to serve as a guide for other curious
readers. In particular, researchers of this study believe that the following will benefit
from this:

Students

This study will gave them knowledge on the components of lemon grass have
which used to repel mosquitoes. In addition, it will also help them on avoiding diseases
from mosquitoes in simple ways.

Parents

The parents will be informed about the components of lemon grass that can be
used as an alternative herbal repellent. using herbal repellent is cheaper than using
chemical repellent.

Teachers

This study would help them guide their students on the use of herbal repellent to
avoidthem for having illness from mosquitoes. It will give knowledge about the
components of lemon grass that can repel mosquitoes.

Future Readers

This study would assist them to avoid having illness and prevention in diseases
that comes from dangerous mosquitoes.

Future Researchers

This study could be a guideline to the future researchers to help them to their
study with ease and the references they might get to this research that will aid them to
finish their work.

Statement of the Problem

The objective of this study is to know the components of Lemon Grass and Off Lotion
that can help to repel mosquitoes.Lemongrass insect repellent oil, which is organic and
affordable, on the other hand, insect repellent like Off lotion product that is offered in the
markets that made to cure such illness that came from the harmful mosquitoes. The
research aims to answer these following questions:

1. What are the components of Lemon Grass and Off Lotion that repels mosquitoes?
2. What is the percentage of the Lemon Grass and Off Lotion component needed to
repel mosquito?
3. How healthy does the components of the Lemon Grass as a natural repellent as
compare to Off Lotion?

Definition of Terms

Bedevilled- to cause trouble in repeated way

Primary Vector- it is an insect like a mosquito that carries and transmits a bacterium or
virus.

Synthethic- things made by combination of different substance.

Nuisance- referring to mosquitoes, causes troubles or problems.

Livestock-animal farm that kept and raised by people.

Exotic bacteria- refers to unusual bacteria that transmitted by mosquitoes.

Malaria- one of the major disease to a human, caused byparasites.

Yellow Fever- a diseased caused by an infected mosquito which is transmitted through

bites.

Domestic Bacteria- always more often present in domestic environment.

Dengue Fever- is caused by a family viruses transmitted through the bites of an infected
mosquito.

Ebola- a virus transmitted from person to person.

Disease Causing Agent- refers to biological pathogen that causes a disease like virus,
bacteria and parasites.
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Cuizon, Jastine Marie

Foreign

Each different component has an important role in the piece of a whole. So that it means
that studying the components of both Lemongrass and Off Lotion is so much important
because the main objective of this study is to learn what are the pros and cons of these
two insect-repellent variables that will be an advantage in the study to prove something.

DEET or simply the common name for N, N-Diethyl-m-toluamide is known as the main
component being used in the chemical-based product Off Lotion. Studies have shown
DEET is very effective against insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, chiggers, fleas, and some
flies. DEET is available in concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 percent, but
concentrations above 30% have not been shown to be more effective. DEET is considered
the 'gold standard' of insect repellents. It has been in use since the 1950s. Ultrathon
lotion is a long-acting formula that gives roughly 6 to 12 hours of protection and contains
34 percent DEET. DEET is available in lotions, sprays, and wipes for skin application.
DEET can damage synthetic fibers, certain plastics, and watch crystals. Allergic reactions
and serious side effects are rare. However, rash, mild irritation, urticaria (itching), and
skin eruptions have been reported. The CDC states that DEET is safe for children and
infants older than 2 months, and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests that
DEET solutions no greater than 30% in concentration be used in children. In children,
avoid prolonged, excessive use or internal consumption; encephalopathy has occurred in
these situations.

It has proven that DEET also known as the king of mosquito repellents is an effective way
of preventing or curing harmful mosquitoes, though not everyone is keen to slather it on
their skin. A study conducted in the late 1980s on Everglades National Park employees to
determine the effects of DEET found that a full one-quarter of the subjects studied
experienced negative health effects that they blamed on exposure to the chemical. Effects
included rashes, skin irritation, numb or burning lips, nausea, headaches, dizziness and
difficulty concentrating.Duke University pharmacologist Mohamed Abou-Donia, in
studies on rats, found that frequent and prolonged DEET exposure led to diffuse brain
cell death and behavioral changes, and concluded that humans should stay away from
products containing it. But other studies have shown that while a few people have
sensitivity to DEET applications, most are unaffected when they use DEET products on a
sporadic basis according to the instructions on the label.

The upside of DEET is that it is very effective. A 2002 study published in the New England
Journal of Medicine found that DEET-based repellents provided the most complete and
longest lasting protection against mosquitoes. Researchers found that a formulation
containing 23.8 percent DEET completely protected study participants for upwards of
300 minutes, while a soybean-oil-based product only worked for 95 minutes. The
effectiveness of several other botanical-based repellents lasted less than 20 minutes.But
a number of new concentrations of botanical repellents that have hit the market since are
reportedly better than ever. In 2005, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) granted
approval to two healthier alternatives to DEET—picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus—
for protection from mosquitoes. Picaridin, long used to repel mosquitoes in other parts
of the world, is now available in the U.S. under the Cutter Advanced brand name. Oil of
lemon eucalyptus, which is derived from eucalyptus leaves and is the only plant-based
active ingredient for insect repellents approved by the CDC, is available in several
different forms, including Repel Lemon Eucalyptus, OFF! Botanicals, and Fight Bite Plant-
Based Insect Repellent.

Some other good choices, according to the nonprofit National Coalition against the Misuse
of Pesticides, include products containing geraniol (MosquitoGuard or Bite Stop),
citronella (Natrapel), herbal extracts (Beat It Bug Buster) or essential oils (All Terrain).
The group also gives high marks to oil of lemon eucalyptus, such as that found in Repel’s
Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent.

Local

Perhaps, it has stated that the components of the Off Lotion may have a advantages
as it is proven by the scientist but also, having side effects may have occur. On the other
hand, it would be advisable to have an alternative option—which is the Lemongrass, as
an insect repellent. Lemon grass (Cymbopogoncitratus) has many positive attributes, but
acting as a long-term mosquito repellent is not one of them. Still, when used properly, it
can act as a short-term repellent. A perennial in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant
hardiness zones 10 through 11, lemon grass is an attractive, easy-to-grow garden plant
often used in Southeast Asian cuisine. Also commonly grown as an annual, the plant
contains citronella oil, which repels mosquitoes.

Lemon grass (Cymbopogoncitratus) has many positive attributes, but acting as a

long-term mosquito repellent is not one of them. Still, when used properly, it can act as a
short-term repellent. A perennial in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones
10 through 11, lemon grass is an attractive, easy-to-grow garden plant often used in
Southeast Asian cuisine. Also commonly grown as an annual, the plant contains citronella
oil, which repels mosquitoesLemon grass plants are excellent container plants, and
setting one by your front door is a lovely way to welcome guests into your home. The
plant gives off a slight lemony fragrance, but that alone will not be enough to keep pesky
mosquitoes from entering your home uninvited. The best and most effective way to repel
mosquitoes using the plant is to crush the leaves, thus releasing the oil, and rub them
directly onto your skin. Even so, this method will only repel mosquitoes for a short time.
 Lemon grass plants are excellent container plants, and setting one by your front
door is a lovely way to welcome guests into your home. The plant gives off a slight lemony
fragrance, but that alone will not be enough to keep pesky mosquitoes from entering your
home uninvited. The best and most effective way to repel mosquitoes using the plant is
to crush the leaves, thus releasing the oil, and rub them directly onto your skin. Even so,
this method will only repel mosquitoes for a short time.

Gomez, Franchezca Denise S.

Foreign

Essential oil is the filled oil from a part of a plant. It usually carries the scent of
the plant. Through the process of distillation, the essential oil of a plant can be
extracted.

Distillation is the process of separating components of a mixture based on

different boiling points.(thoughtco.com)

Moreover, distillation has 4 types which is the simple distillation, steam

distillation, fractional distillation, vacuum distillation.

There are more 90 essential oils that has its own benefits. Furthermore, their
individual benefits are changeable, so you should consult a medical practitioner before
using these oils, either internally or topically.(organicfacts.net)

Lemongrass was also used for Asian cuisine long ago. It was valued by Asian
countries for a long time, used in everyday life before (laundry, medicinal purposes,
etc.). In Central Africa lemongrass has also been used for divinatory purposes as an
aphrodisiac. (starchild.co.uk)

In traditional Brazilian medicine, lemongrass was also used. The herb was
popular for tr-additional use in Asian countries and the Caribbean. Used as tea, a spice,
or for cosmetics. (herbealextractplus.com)

Lemongrass is a tropical plant. Therefore, it grows well in tropical countries. It

only has to be watered well in summer and kept moist in winter. (which.co.uk)

To harvest lemongrass, the stems should be cut at ground level or to twist or pull
off an outside stem to the side. Lemon grass can be frozen up to 6 months.
(nassau.ifas.ufl.edu)

As stated by organicfacts.net, some health benefits that lemongrass oil gives are
that it is analgesic, meaning they relieve pain. The oil is also an anti-depressant, at the
same time antibacterial. It can also be used as a deodorant, better than synthetic
deodorants as it is herbal, unlike synthetic deodorants that can trigger skin allergies.
 Lemongrass can also be used for skin care. It is effective in helping skin issues
such as acne. It improves in brightening the skin and clears up oil on the face. It is also
used for high fevers, as it lowers the temperature. It has been called ‘fever grass’ by
some cultures because of its effect in lowering fever temperature. (Healthers.org)

The essential oil of lemongrass contains citral. Citral is a yellow liquid that has a
strong lemony smell. Citral is mostly used for perfumes and flavourings.
(britannica.com)

Some of the other components of lemongrass oil are myrcene, and citronella.
Citronella is the chemical compound that gives citronella oil a distinguishable scent.
While myrcene is a natural organic compound. (essentialoils.co.za)

From the Weed Science Society of Pakistan (2007), it is stated that the
components of lemongrass oil vary with where they were planted. For example,
Japanese lemongrass oil contains 60-70% of citrol and in Vietnam, their lemongrass oil
contains 80-85% of citrol. But most components of lemongrass oil would be citral,
methyl heptenone and citronellol.

Bites from insects can make people such as children become very sick. But with
the help of insect repellents, we can avoid ourselves from harmful insects. The
repellents cannot be applied on cuts or wounds because it might cause some infections
to our skin. Repellents are for external use only.(www2.epa.gov)

Local

According to Dr.Mapue (2012)Lemon grass (Cybopogon citrates) is a perennial

herb widely used in Asian cuisine. It is commonly used for teas, soups and curries. In the
Philippines lemon grass is called “tanglad”commonly used to savour Filipino delicacies.

In a study Evaluation of Herbal Essential oil against Mosquitoes by the

Department of Plant Production Technology and Faculty of Agricultural Technology in
Bangkok Thailand affirmed that lemon grass indeed contains organic repellents against
mosquitoes.

In a laboratory experiment, volunteers were instructed to apply the oil extract of

lemon grass to their one arm while the other arm was untreated. Mosquitoes were
observed in terms movements and behaviours

As a results showed that oil extracts from lemon grass, peppermint, eucalyptus,
citronella, and cloves were effective to repel both dengue and malaria mosquitoes.
However, the repellent effects of these oil extracts do not last longer compare to
synthetic chemicals, thus, further study to improve its formulation and efficacy is
needed.

As studied by Dr. Patricio (2012), lemon grass is being used to repel pests in
organic farming as part of the integrated pest management (IPM) strategy in
agriculture. “Planting lemon grass as border crop is very effective to prevent the entry
of insect pests in the farm. In fact, aside from lemon grass, we

In addition, Dr. Patricio believes that mosquitoes were detracted by the aroma of
lemon grass. She also recommend to plant lemon grass near doors and windows to
avoid mosquitoes in entering the home.

On the other hand, Mr. Salazar (2012) said that planting lemon grass on
backyards can help to get rid of mosquitoes, however it will not guarantee protection
because people are moving around. “Though there is no perfect single approach to
control mosquitoes, adding all these plus our eagerness to maintain cleanliness in our
surroundings will surely control dengue mosquitoes. Because after all cleanliness will
not only spare us from dengue but to other infectious diseases as well”.

Bantog, Mark Arnold

Local

According to Dr. Marilyn Patricio, professor from the Central Luzon State
University, Cymbopogoncitratus also known as lemon grass is being used to repel pests
in organic farming as part of the integrated pest management (IPM) strategy in
agriculture. . Dr. Patricio stated that lemon grass, peppermint, and other fragrant herbs
is very efficient to avert insects step into the crops when those plants is planted as a
border crop, but among the rest lemon grass is the most effective.

Dr. Patricio stated that dengue mosquitoes dislikes the strong scent of
Cymbopogoncitratus. She recommends to have Cymbopogoncitratus in every home.
Plant and place lemon grass to backyards and some parts of our house where
mosquitoes are usually penetrate, specially to our doors and windows. On the other
hand, in an interview with Mr. Ferdinand Salazar, Supervising Science Research
Specialist from the Department of Medical Entomology, Research Institute of Tropical
Medicine, Department of Health (RITM-DOH) said that, it is legit that planting lemon
grass on backyards is effective to repel mosquito, however it will not give protection
always because people are moving around. “Though there is no perfect single approach
to control mosquitoes, adding all these plus our eagerness to maintain cleanliness in our
surroundings will surely control dengue mosquitoes. Because after all cleanliness will
not only spare us from dengue but to other infectious diseases as well."
Foreign

Cymbopogoncitratus is a perennial grass native to tropical Asia.

Cymbopogonflexuosus is known as cochin lemongrass, British Indian lemongrass, East
Indian lemongrass, or French Indian verbena. It is cultivated in the West Indies, Central
and South America, and tropical regions. The leaves of cymbopogoncitratus can grow
up to 90 cm in height and 5 mm in width. The leaves are used for medication because of
its essential oil.

Fresh Cymbopogoncitratus grass contains approximately 0.4% volatile oil. The

oil contains 65% to 85% citral, which is a mixture of 2 geometric isomers, geraniol and
neral. The related compounds geraniol, geranic acid, and nerolic acid have also been
identified (Lewinsohn 1998, Masuda 2008, Ming 1996, Sargenti 1997, Torres 1993).
Other compounds found in the oil include myrcene, diterpenes, methylheptenone,
citronellol, linalol, farnesol, other alcohols, aldehydes, linalool, terpineol, and more than
a dozen other minor fragrant components On the other side (Ansan 1986, Kasumov
1983, Viturro 1998). Nonvolatile components of Cymbopogoncitratus include luteolins,
homo-orientin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, fructose, sucrose,
octacosanol, and others (De Matouschek, 1991) . Leung1980 Cymbopogonflexuosus
volatile oil typically contains up to 85% citral. However, many strains have a higher
concentration of geraniol (50%), with citral (10% to 20%) and methyl eugenol as minor
components. Another type of East Indian lemon grass reportedly does not contain citral
but does contain up to 30% borneol.(Leung, 1980)

Maraya, Rica Jane

Local

According to Madella M. Mariano M. Cadag B. Castro C. Lazo J.R. Manabat C.

Soguilon L. Tan I. 2017 that the oil extracted from the lemon grass have many uses
including for cooking, aroma therapy, medicinal preparations, tea, and cosmetics.
Lemon grass has insecticidal components and extracted oil which are used in insect
repellent and insecticidal sprays. In the variety of lemon grass all of it have the same
chemical compounds, but different in quantities. The said extracted oil will help in
repelling mosquitoes. Lemon grass contains citronella oil which has been used as a
natural insect repellent, and has strong fragrance in preventing mosquitoes.
Foreign

George et. al.(2016) stated that "Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) oil has
been known as effective insect repellent;" its Effectiveness in mosquito repellence has
been proven through the testing on human volunteers. The study aimed to test the
mosquito repellent property of Cymbopogo Citratus on human.

Galicinao, Joseph A.

Foreign

According to Thi Van Linh Nguyenet. Al. (2018), The Lemongrass is a plant that
contains aromatic compounds (myrcene and limonene), powerful deodorants, and
antimicrobial compounds (citral and geraniol). In addition, by the use of convection
drying will help to extend the shelf life of the product. The drying process was
determined by the four corresponding different temperature levels: 50, 55, 60, and 65.

Likewise, the lemongrass oil is extracted by the steam distillation process. The oil
is used as biofuel because of its low density and viscosity when it compared with diesel
(Kandhasamy A, 2019).

Local

The lemongrass is a plant lot of properties such as antioxidant and antimicrobial.

This property is used for preparation of medicinal tea and for essential oil production
(Prudencio, 2018).

Chapter 3
 Research Methodology

In this chapter researchers will give an outline of research methods that the
researchers followed in the study. The researchers will describe the research design that
was chosen for the purpose of this study and the reason of their choice. The instrument
that was used in this research will also be discussed also the procedures and methods
that were followed for the entire study for the analyzing the data.

Research Design

The student researchers used experimental design which is normally the subjects
are given two treatments, one being the real treatment and the other one a control or
reference treatment. After a period of time needed the treatments will be analyze.

Delimitation of the Study

In this study, the information or the options from the respondents from the chosen
residents of Mendez road were sought about their perception on their opinions or beliefs
about the research. They were the residents who are in particular or affected from our
said topic, who are living in place that is prone in mosquitoes.

Sample of the Population

For this study, it has a population that is may be small enough to warrant the
inclusion of all of them in this study. But a small study may entail a large population which
cannot all be studied. That portion of the population that is studied is called a sample of
the population. Therefore, a smaller group, drawn to a definite procedure from an
accessible population. The elements making up this sample are those that are actually
studied.

The sample of the population of this study stood at the residents of Mendez Road,
Barangay Baesa, supposedly gave a total of three family respondents.

Respondents

The respondents of this research is/are the family who live in slams area. The
researchers chose the families in Mendez Road, Baesa, Quezon city. The place is
appropriate to the study because there are many family who lives near at the slams area.
The researchers will select two families that will served as the representative of the entire
population.
Sampling Techniques

The chosen technique is a convenience sampling procedure was used for selecting
the participants in this study. Wherein the researcher chose the respondents who are
willing to take part in the said study The method was based on the residents of Mendez
road who are more prone in having a problem about the mosquitoes. Within each
selection, selection of respondents was by simple survey sampling. That is wished to be
an achievement by choosing out names after the interview that we will conduct.

Data collection strategy

The researchers made a pre-survey form for the students to answer for the
researchers to know who might be the possible respondents for their interviews would
be for the research’s purpose and data gathering to be valid and more justifiable. These
pre-survey forms are composed of three sections:

Section “A”, is on personal data of the respondents

Section “B”, is on the needs/objective; and

Section “C”, contains questions on the perceived problems

Instrument used in the study

For the instrument, the researchers designed an interview schedule. The chosen
resident were interviewed. The interview questions were aimed eliciting relevant
information concerning repelling of the mosquitoes in the said area. . Questions relating
to methodology and material for this, perceived problems of being responsible as well as
possible strategies that could be adopted to enhance the happenings we are experiencing.
A questionnaire designed by the researcher is a one procedure that is needed to use in
the study. The content of the instrument was based on the findings of the interview
conducted with the students from this school as well as on the information from the
literature reviewed.
Reference

(2015) The Effectiveness of Lemongrass as Insect-Repellent retrieved from

Lemongrassoilip.blogspot.com

July 24, 2019

(2000) The Dangers of Mosquitoes retrieved from

www.healthline.com

July 26, 2019

(2007) Quote: The danger sensation of Insects retrieved from

csuitemind.com

July 27, 2019

(2000) Herbal versus Synthetic Drugs retrieved from

www.researchgate.net

August 1, 2019

(2012) Lemon Grass Repel Dengue from www.worldngayon.com

(2015) Lemongrass Oil as Alternative insect from lemongrassoilip.blogspot.com

August 3, 2019

(2019) What is Distillation?www.thoughtco.com