MIVAN TECHNOLOGY
P.P. Pattanshetti1, H.B. Patil2
Civil Engineering Department, Bhivrabai Sawant College of Engineering, Kennedy Road, Pune 411001,University of Pune,
India.
pratikpattanshetti90@gmail.com
hemant.bopatil@gmail.com
Abstract- Mivan is an aluminum formwork system developed by one
of the construction company from Europe. Mivan is an upcoming
technology which has empowered and motivated the mass
construction projects throughout the world. In this project, we have
discussed about the pioneering and yet pragmatic approach of this
technology with provisions of speed, quality, financial incentives and
construction aspects which is required for a successful completion of
mass housing project, with the help of a case study of a renowned
company. The project also includes comparison of aluminum
formwork technology and conventional system. This comparison
reveals the reduced total cost. Other aspects include its box type
construction which proves much advantageous as far as earthquake
resistant structure is considered.
Keywords- Components, cost, comparison with conventional
system, construction speed.
I. INTRODUCTION
MIVAN is basically an aluminium formwork system
developed by one of the construction company from Europe.
In 1990, the MIVAN Company Ltd from Malaysia started the
manufacturing of such formwork systems. Now a day’s more
than 300,000 sq m of formwork used in the world are under
their operation. In Mumbai, India there are number of
buildings constructed with the help of the above system which
has been proved to be very economical and satisfactory for
Indian Construction Environment.
The technology has been used extensively in other
countries such as Europe, Gulf Countries, Asia and all other
parts of the world. MIVAN technology is suitable for
constructing large number of houses within short time using
room size forms to construct walls and slabs in one continuous
pour of concrete. Early removal of forms can be achieved by
hot air curing / curing compounds. This facilitates fast
construction, say two flats per day. All the activities are
planned in assembly line manner and hence results into more
accurate, well – controlled and high quality production at
optimum cost and in shortest possible time.
MIVAN is a new technology which has empowered
and motivated the mass construction projects throughout the
world. In this project, we have discussed about the pioneering
and yet pragmatic approach of this technology with provisions
of speed, quality, financial incentives and construction aspects
which is required for a successful completion of mass housing
project, with the help of various case studies of different
companies.
II. INNOVATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION:-
The traditional mode of construction for individual
houses comprising load bearing walls with an appropriate roof
above or reinforced concrete (RC) framed structure
construction with infill masonry walls would be totally
inadequate for mass housing construction industry in view of
the rapid rate of construction. Further, such constructions are
prone to poor quality control even in case of contractors with
substantial resources and experience.
“For undertaking mass housing works, it is
necessary to have innovative technologies which are
capable of fast rate construction and are able to deliver
good quality and durable structure in cost effective
manner”.
III. LOADS ACTING ON FORMWORK:-
In Construction, the formwork has to bear, besides its
own weight, the weight of wet concrete, the live load due to
labour, and the impact due to pouring concrete and workmen
on it. The vibration caused due to vibrators used to compact
the concrete should also be taken care off. Thus, the design of
the formwork is an essential part during the construction of
the building.
For the design of planks and joists in bending &
shear, a live load including the impact may be taken as
370kg/m². It is however, usual to work with a small factor of
safety in the design of formwork. The surfaces of formwork
should be dressed in such a manner that after deflection due to
weight of concrete and reinforcement, the surface remains
horizontal, or as desired by the designer. The sheathing with
full live load of 370 kg/m² should not deflect more than 0.25
cm and the joists with 200kg/m² of live load should not deflect
more than 0.25cm.
 In the design of formwork for columns or walls, the
hydrostatic pressure of the concrete should be taken into
account. This pressure depends upon the quantity of water in
the concrete, rate of pouring and the temperature.
IV. ALUMINUM FORMWORK:-
Aluminum as usual is not a very strong
material. So the basic elements of the formwork system are
the panel which is a framework of extruded aluminium
sections welded to an aluminium sheet. It consists of high
strength special aluminium components. This produces a light
weight panel with an excellent stiffness-to-weight ratio,
yielding minimal deflections when subjected to the load of
weight concrete. The panels are manufactured in standard
sizes with non-standard elements produced to the required size
and size to suit the project requirements.
The panels of aluminium formwork are made from
high strength aluminium alloy, with the face or contact surface
of the panel, made up of 4mm thick plate, which is welded to
a formwork of specially designed extruded sections, to form a
robust component. The panels are held in position by a simple
pin and wedge arrangement system that passes through holes
in the outside rib of each panel. The panel fits precisely,
securely and requires no bracing. The walls are held together
with high strength wall ties, while the decks are supported by
beams and props.
Since the equipment is made of aluminium, it has
sections that are large enough to be effective, yet light enough
in the weight to be handled by a single worker. Individual
workers can handle all the elements necessary for forming the
system with no requirement for heavy lifting equipment or
skilled labor. By ensuring repetition of work tasks on daily
basis it is possible for the system to bring assembly line
techniques to construction site and to ensure quality work, by
unskilled or semi-skilled workers.
Trial erection of the formwork is carried out in
factory conditions which ensure that all components are
correctly manufactured and no components are missed out.
Also, they are numbered and packed in such a manner so as to
enable easy site erection and dismantling.
V. MERITS OF ALUMINIUM FORMWORK:-
1. In contrast to most of the modern
construction systems, which are machine and
equipment oriented, the formwork does not depend
upon heavy lifting equipment and can be handled by
unskilled labors.
2. Fast construction is assured and is
particularly suitable for large magnitude construction
of respective nature at one project site.
3. Construction carried out by this system has
exceptionally good quality with accurate dimensions
for all openings to receive windows and doors, right
angles at meeting points of wall to wall, wall to floor,
wall to ceiling, etc, concrete surface finishes are good
to receive painting directly without plaster.
4. System components are durable and can be
used several times without sacrificing the quality or
correctness of dimensions and surface.
5. Monolithic construction of load bearing
walls and slabs in concrete produces structurally
superior quality with very few constructions joined
compared to the conventional column and beam slabs
construction combined with filter brick work or block
work subsequently covered by plaster.
6. In view of the four – day cycle of casting
the floor together with all slabs as against 14 to 20 –
day cycle in the conventional method, completed
RCC structure is available for subsequent finish
trades much faster, resulting in a saving of 10 to 15
days per floor in the overall completion period.
7. As all the walls are cast monolithic and
simultaneously with floor slabs requiring no further
plasters finish. Therefore the time required in the
conventional method for construction of walls and
plastering is saved.
8. As fully completed structural frame is made
available in one stretch for subsequent – finishing
items, uninterrupted progress can be planned
ensuring, continuity in each trade, thereby providing
as cope for employing increased labor force on
finishing item.
9. As the system establishes a kind of
“Assembly line production” phase – wise completion
in desired groups of buildings can be planned to
achieve early utilization of the buildings.
VI. MODULAR FORMWORK:-
In MIVAN formwork we give stress on shear wall
rather than conventional framed structure of columns and
beams.
The system of aluminum forms (MIVAN) has been used
widely in the construction of residential units and mass
housing projects. It is fast, simple, adaptable and cost – MIVAN’S dedicated factories in Europe and South East Asia.
effective. It produces total quality work which requires Once they are assembled they are subjected to a trial erection
minimum maintenance and when durability is the prime in order to eliminate any dimensional or on site problems.
consideration. This system is most suitable for Indian
All the formwork components are received at the site
condition as a tailor–made aluminum formwork for cast–in–
whining three months after they are ordered. Following are the
situ fully concrete structure.
components that are regularly used in the construction.
The formwork system is precisely-engineered system
A. WALL COMPONENTS:-
fabricated in aluminium. Using this system, all the elements of
a building namely, load bearing walls, columns, beams, floor 1) Wall Panel: - It forms the face of the wall. It is an
slabs, stairs, balconies etc can be constructed with cast in Aluminium sheet properly cut to fit the exact size of the wall.
place concrete. The resulting structure has a good quality
surface finish and accurate dimensional tolerances. Further,
the construction speed is high and the work can be done in a
cost effective manner.
The modular nature of the formwork system allows
easy fixing and removal of formwork and the construction can
proceed speedily with very little deviation in dimensional
tolerances. Further, the system is quite flexible and can be
easily adapted for any variations in the layout. Fig.1 Wall panel
The availability of concrete from ready mix concrete 2) Rocker:- It is a supporting component of wall. It is L-
facility has augured well for the use of this work system. shaped panel having allotment holes for stub pin.
However, the proliferation of RMC facilities in the cities in
India and the willingness to use mechanized means of
transport and placing of concrete, the use of aluminium
formwork system has received a boost. The quality of the
resulting concrete is found to be superior.
Structurally speaking, the adoption of the closed box
system using monolithic concrete construction has been found
to be the most efficient alternatives. The stresses in both the
concrete and steel are observed to be much lower even when
horizontal forces due to wind or earthquake are taken into Fig 2 Rocker
consideration.
3) Kicker:- It forms the wall face at the top of the
The formwork system can be used for construction panels and acts as a ledge to support
for all types of concrete systems, that is, for a framed structure
involving column beam –slab elements or for box-type
structure involving slab-walls combination.
VII. FORMWORK – COMPONENTS:-
The basic element of the formwork is the panel,
which is an extruded aluminium rail section, welded to an
aluminium sheet. This produces a lightweight panel with an
excellent stiffness to weight ratio, yielding minimal deflection
under concrete loading. Panels are manufactured in the size
and shape to suit the requirements of specific projects.
The panels are made from high strength aluminium
alloy with a 4 mm thick skin plate and 6mm thick ribbing Fig 3 KICKER
behind to stiffen the panels. The panels are manufactured in
 4) Stub Pin:- It helps in joining two wall panels. It 3) Beam Soffit Panel:- It supports the soffit beam. It
helps in joining two joints. is a plain rectangular structure of aluminum.

Fig 7 BEAM SOFFIT-PANEL

4) Beam Soffit Bulkhead:- It is the bulkhead for

Fig 4 STUB PIN beam. It carries most of the bulk load.
B. BEAM COMPONENTS:-
1) Beam Side Panel:- It forms the side of the beams.
It is a rectangular structure and is cut according to the size of
the beam.

Fig 8 Beam Soffit Bulkhead

C. DECK COMPONENT:-
1) Deck Panel:- It forms the horizontal surface for
casting of slabs. It is built for proper safety of workers.

Fig 5 BEAM SIDE PANEL

2) Prop Head for Soffit Beam:- It forms the soffit

beam. It is a V-shaped head for easy dislodging of the
formwork.

Fig 9 DECK PANEL

2) Deck Prop:- It forms a V-shaped prop head. It

supports the deck and bears the load coming on the deck
panel.

Fig 6 PROP HEAD FOR SOFFIT BEAM.

Fig 10 DECK PROP

 3) Prop Length:- It is the length of the prop. It
depends upon the length of the slab.

Fig 15 INTERNAL SOFFIT CORNER

2) External Soffit Corner:- It forms the external corner

between the components.

Fig 11 DECK PROP LENGTH

4) Deck Mid – Beam:- It supports the middle portion of

the beam. It holds the concrete.

Fig 16 EXTERNAL SOFFIT CORNER

3) External Corner:- It forms the external corner of

the formwork system.

Fig 12 DECK MID-BEAM

Fig 17 EXTERNAL CORNER

4) Internal Corner:- It connects two pieces of vertical

5) Soffit Length:- It provides support to the edge of formwork pieces at their exterior intersections.
the deck panels at their perimeter of the room.

Fig 13 SOFFIT LENGTH

6) Deck Beam Bar:- It is the deck for the beam. This

component supports the deck and beam.
Fig 18 INTERNAL CORNERS

VIII. FORMWORKS ASSEMBLY:-

Mivan aims in using modern construction
techniques and equipment in all its projects. On leaving the
MIVAN factory all panels are clearly labeled to ensure that
they are easily identifiable on site and can be smoothly fitted
Fig 14 DECK BEAM BAR together using the formwork modulation drawings. All
D. OTHER COMPONENTS:- formwork begins at a corner and proceeds from there.

1) Internal Soffit Corner:- It forms the vertical

internal corner between the walls and the beams, slabs,
and the horizontal internal cornice between the walls and
the beam slabs and the beam soffit.
 f) Erect Deck Formwork – Deck is erected for labours to
work.
g) Setting Kickers – kickers are provided over the beam.
After the above activities have been completed it is
necessary to check the following.
1. All formwork should be cleaned and coated
with approved realize agent.
2. Ensure wall formwork is erected to the
setting out lines.
3. Check all openings are of correct
dimensions, not twist.
Fig 19 WALL ASSEMBLY DETAILS 4. Check all horizontal formwork (deck soffit,
IX. SIMPLICITY – PIN AND WEDGE SYSTEM:- and beam soffit etc.) in level.

The panels are held in position by a simple pin and
wedge system that passes through holes in the outside rib
of each panel. The panels fit precisely, simply and securely
and require no bracing. Buildings can be constructed quickly
and easily by unskilled labour with hammer being the only
tool required. Once the panels have been numbered,
measuring is not necessary. As the erection process is
manually, tower cranes are not required. The result is a typical
4 to 5 day cycle for floor – to – floor construction.
X. EFFICIENT – QUICK STRIP PROP HEAD:-
One of the principal technical features which enables
this aped to be attained using a single set of formwork panel is
the unique V shaped a prop head which allows the ‘quick
strip’ to take place whilst leaving the propping undisturbed.
The deck panels can therefore be resumed immediately.
5. Ensure deck and beam props are vertical and
there is vertical movement in the prop
lengths.
6. Check wall ties, pins and wedges are all in
position and secure.
7. Any surplus material or items to be cleared
from the area to be cast.
B. ON CONCRETE ACTIVITIES:-
At least two operatives should be on standby during
concreting for checking pins, wedges and wall ties as the pour
is in progress. Pins, wedges or wall ties missing could lead to
a movement of the formwork and possibility of the formwork
being damaged. This affected area will then required remedial
work after striking of the formwork.

XI. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES WITH MIVAN AS Things to look for during concreting:
FORMWORK:- 1. Dislodging of pins / wedges due to
The construction activities are divided as pre – vibration.
concrete activities, during concreting and post – concrete
2. Beam / deck props adjacent to drop areas
activities. They are as follows:
slipping due to vibration.
A. PRE – CONCRETE ACTIVITIES:-
3. Ensure all bracing at special areas slipping
a) Receipt of Equipment on Site – The equipments is due to vibration.
received in the site as ordered.
4. Overspill of concrete at window opening
b) Level Surveys – Level checking are made to maintain etc.
horizontal level check.
C. POST – CONCRETE ACTIVITIES:-
c) Setting Out – The setting out of the formwork is done.
1. Strike Wall Form- It is required to strike
d) Control / Correction of Deviation – Deviation or any down the wall form.
correction are carried out. 2. Strike Deck Form- The deck form is then
e) Erect Formwork – The formwork is erected on site. removed.
 3. Clean, Transport and stack formwork. concrete to gain strength before the beginning of the next
4. Strike Kicker Formwork – The kicker are cycle. This work schedule has been planned for 1010-1080 sq
removed. m of formwork with 72-25cu m of concreting & approximate
5. Strike wall – Mounted on a Working reinforcement.
Platform the wall are fitted on next floor.
The formwork assembling at the site is a quick &
6. Erect Wall – Mount Working Platform
easy process. On leaving the MIVAN factory all panels are
and the wall is erected.
clearly labeled to ensure that they are easily identifiable on
Normally all formwork can be struck after 12 hours. site and can be smoothly fitted together using formwork
modulation drawings. All formwork begins from corners and
The post – concreting activities includes:-
proceeds from there.
1. CLEANING:-
The system usually follows a four day cycle:-
All components should be cleaned with scrapers and wire
Day 1:-The first activity consists of erection of vertical
brushes as soon as they are struck. Wire brush is to be
reinforcement bars and one side of the vertical formwork for
used on side rails only.
the entire floor or a part of one floor.
The longer cleaning is delayed, the more difficult the task
Day 2:-The second activity involves erection of the
will be. It is usually best to clean panels in the area where they
second side of the vertical formwork and formwork for the
are struck.
floor.
2. TRANSPORTING:-
Day 3:-Fixing reinforcement bars for floor slabs and
There are basic three methods recommended when casting of walls and slabs.
transporting to the next floor:
Day 4:-Removal of vertical form work panels after
1. The heaviest and the longest, which is a 24hours, leaving the props in place for 7 days and floor slab
full height wall panel, can be carried up formwork in place for 2.5 days.
the nearest stairway.
XIII. CASE STUDY
2. Passes through void areas.
3. Rose through slots specially formed in
the floor slab for this purpose. Once
they have served their purpose they are
closed by casting in concrete filter.
XII. SPEED OF CONSTRUCTION:- AMANORA PARK TOWN, HADAPSAR, PUNE
Mivan is a system for scheduling & controlling the
work of other connected construction trades such as steel
reinforcement, concrete placements & electrical inserts. The
work at site hence follows a particular sequence. The work
cycle begins with the deshuttering of the panels. It takes about
12-15hrs. It is followed by positioning of the brackets
& platforms on the level. It takes about 10-15hrs
simultaneously.
The deshuttered panels are lifted & fixed on the floor
.The activity requires 7-10 hrs.Kicker & External shutters are
fixed in 7 hrs. The wall shutters are erected in 6-8 hrs One of A case study on planning aspects for use of MIVAN
the major activity reinforcement requires 10-12 hrs. The in building construction in the department of planning at
fixing of the electrical conduits takes about 10 hrs and finally AMANORA PARK TOWN, Hadapsar, Pune.
pouring of concrete takes place in these.
In this case study we have tried to focus on the
This is a well synchronized work cycle for a period various properties of shuttering formwork system in view of
of 7 days. A period of 10-12 hrs is left after concreting for the project management and planning process.
 TABLE 2

TABLE 1 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Sr.No Particulars Details

1. Total Plot Area 45802.00 sq m.

1. Name of Work : Proposed Construction 2. Total Built Up Area 120001.24 sq m.
of R2 sector (10Nos) at
3. No. of Towers 10
Amanora Park Town,
Hadapsar. 4. No. of Floors 18-22

2. Location : Sade Satara Nali 5. Total No of flats 674

village, Pune
6. 3 BHK 1980 sq.ft.
3. Time of Completion : As per 25+2 calendar 7. 3.5 BHK 2085 sq.ft.
months commencing 16
August,2007. 8. 2 BHK 1350 sq.ft.

9. 2.5 BHK 1600 sq.ft.

4. Defects Liability : 12 months from the
Period date of Final 10. 4 BHK 3190 sq.ft.
completion certificate
issued by the Client XIV. CONCLUSION:
/PMC /architect
We will be concluding this topic in this seminar in
5. Grade of Concrete : M25 terms of economics, quality, and value analysis.

6. Slump : 180 to 200 mm Selection of appropriate material for delivering a

quality product in minimum expenditure and with stipulated
7. Floor to Floor height : 3.0 m span of time is the basis of planning department. In designing
phase all the calculations regarding material, time, and cost is
done and the product is finalized.
8. Wall thickness
a)External : 200 mm We have chosen Mivan formwork as our paper topic
because of its speed in construction, quality of product and
b)Partition wall : 100 mm
many such things which are very useful for the effective
9. Steel execution of any project.

a)Partition(non- : 10 mm dia. Following are some of the aspects which make

structural) MIVAN a super Formwork System
: 12 mm dia.
b)Structural wall .
: 16 mm dia.
c)Shear wall i) Achieving quality objective of planning department.
ii) Minimize schedule and cost variances.
1 Slab Thickness iii) Enhanced labour productivity.
0. iv) Repetitions for a township.
a)Hall : 175 mm
v) Rotations of Mivan shuttering.
b)Bedroom : 150 mm
vi) Useful life of the formwork.
c)Kitchen : 125 mm vii) Cost comparison of different types of formwork with
Mivan.
1 Finishing
viii) Scrap Value.
1.
a)External : Texture Paint
b)Internal : Paint over Gypsum coat
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In regards we are extremely fortunate in having
Prof. N N MORE (DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING) as our project guide. Had it been not his
incredible help coupled with valuable suggestions, relentless
effort and constructive ideas, more over his optimistic attitude,
guidance and understanding making us believe all that
accomplished was our effort for which we will ever remain
indebted to him. He is essentially the first person who shares
our joy. We would like to express our gratitude to Dr K M
SHARMA, H.O.D. of the DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING for his escorting role in meeting our
objectives. We would also like to express our sincere gratitude
to our PRINCIPAL, Dr D V JADHAV. At this moment, we
cannot forget to pay sincere regards to our PARENTS who are
a big source of inspiration and blessings.
REFRENCES:
 “Census of India”. (2001) Table 500-012.Pp-48.
 “National Building Organization”. (2001). Pp-25.
 Book Bliss
 “Indian Concrete Journal”, July2005, Volume 79, pp.
55-59.
 “Times Journal Construction and Design”. Oct-Dec
2001, pp Editorial.
 www.Mivan.com