IJIRST –International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 4 | Issue 11 | April 2018

ISSN (online): 2349-6010

Real Time Automatic Helmet Detection of Bike

Riders
Kavyashree Devadiga Pratik Khanapurkar
UG Student UG Student
Department of Computer Engineering Department of Computer Engineering
KKWIEER. Nashik KKWIEER. Nashik

Shreya Joshi Shubhankar Deshpande

UG Student UG Student
Department of Computer Engineering Department of Computer Engineering
KKWIEER. Nashik KKWIEER. Nashik

Yash Gujarathi
UG Student
Department of Computer Engineering
KKWIEER. Nashik

Abstract
Nowadays two-wheeler is the most popular modes of transport. However, because of less protection there is a high risk involved.
As a solution to this, it is highly desirable for bike-riders to use helmet. Observing the usefulness of helmet, Governments have
made it punishable offense to ride a bike without helmet and have adopted manual strategies to catch the violators which has
limitations of speed. Using video surveillance of the street, the proposed approach detects if the bike rider is wearing a helmet
automatically without manual help. If a bike rider is detected not wearing a helmet, the number plate of the vehicle read and noted.
A database will be generated with records to identify every offender accurately. The system implements pure machine learning in
order to identify every type of helmet that it comes across with minimum computation cost.
Keywords: Helmet detection system, Feature evaluation and selection, Vehicle classification, Machine Learning, optical
character recognition
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

According to the statistics given by transport ministry about 28 two-wheeler riders die daily on Indian roads in 2016 because of
not wearing helmets. In the year 2017, 31 out of 100 people died in road accidents which shows increased rate from 21.6 deaths
per 100 accidents in 2005. Also, it is proved that one of every five bike riders who died on roads were not wearing helmet. A study
has estimated that not wearing a helmet increases the chances of death in an accidents by 42%. The number of deaths might be
even more than the data which could not be collected. The deadliest fact is that out of the total deaths the average age was between
18 to 45 years which is a very productive age group.
There are existing methods which uses specialized sensors in the ergonomics of the motorbike to check the presence of helmet.
But it is impossible to convince every user for installation of sensors on the already existing bikes. Also, the accuracy and integrity
of these sensors is questionable. Apart from this, systems that use video processing have very high computational costs. The
technologies that were used to build the system very expensive hence making it an economically non-viable choice.
This paper tries to mitigate the aforementioned problems by proposing a potential solution using continuous real time video
processing of the traffic video feed. The proposed solution will provide a completely free of cost system once installed. Also, the
software was build using free and open source technologies hence it has an overall software cost equal to zero. Every vehicle on
the street will be evaluated and a database of the offenders will be generated real time. Hence given that every rider not wearing
helmet is prosecuted, there will be an increased awareness in the public.

II. BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK

The existing work that solves the problem by image processing solutions use technologies like HOG, LBP, WT [1][2][4]. The
system proposed by isolates the bikes from images and by approximation crops the most probable area where helmet might be
present and then feeds it to the feature extraction and matching system.
Chiverton[1] proposed the use of circular arc to identify helmet in a video feed, it has very low accuracy. On the other hand,
given the number of vehicles on the speed at a given instant, the computation that required is very heavy and consumes lots of
resources. This method will determine any circular object around the bike rider as helmet

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 Real Time Automatic Helmet Detection of Bike Riders
(IJIRST/ Volume 4 / Issue 11 / 024)

In [2] two phases were used for helmet detection. In the first phase, moving objects were determined where cross line was
specified. It is then checked whether it is a motorbike or not. In the second phase, a region of interest was used to improve
efficiency. A SVM classifier was used to classify moving object into two classes. Three classification families were used viz.
geometric, periodic, and tree based. Videos were captured at 25 fps and image size was of 1280x720.
[3] talks about a system very similar to the one proposed in this paper which identifies bike riders without helmet and captures
the number plate of all the offenders on a COCO database. It classifies motor bike and helmet using YOLO and the technology
used for license place recognition is Open ALPR. Both of these technologies charge monthly fees and hence are not economically
feasible.

III. PROBLEM OVERVIEW

The basic aim behind writing this paper is to develop and implement a system which performs real time helmet detection of bike
riders using video surveillance of the street and hence generates a database of the number plates where a driver without helmet is
found. Hence a database will be available for analysis for the police authority.

IV. OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPED SYSTEM

This paper aims to perform continuous helmet detection by capturing video feed. A video camera will be installed on the road
which will provide input to the system. The frames will undergo background subtraction where pedestrians and other entities
except the moving objects will be eliminated. Then the moving objects will be classified and labelled by a trained model.
Commodity objects will be classified using the COCO model. A specialized training data set has been developed in addition to
this for a person riding a bike and helmet using Tensor flow. In order to identify every helmet that the system comes across various
images with different types of helmet were collected using web scraping. A person riding a bike will be detected at first which will
define a bounding box. The search area will be restricted to that particular bounding box. The system will then check for a helmet
in that box. If a helmet is detected, the box is dropped.
The retained boxes will be will be processed by the number place checking subsystem. Using OCR, the text on license plate will
be noted. A new entry will be created for the time and location of offence, the snapshot of bounding box as proof, and the license
plate number.
Elimination:
The first step is to determine the regions of interest. By logically combining the COCO model and the developed model, the moving
objects on the streets will be labeled. The model that is proposed in this paper will identify the ‘person riding bike’ entity.
Everything else will be eliminated. Hence a lot of computation will be decreased.
Helmet Check:
Once the regions of interest are found, the objects inside it will be labeled by feature extraction and feature matching. There are
cases where riders might carry helmet on the body of bike and not wear them. In such cases along with Helmet, a human face
labeled as person will be detected. Hence, it will be a condition of offense. A CNN model was trained for all the available helmets
in the market such that irrespective of the type the system will not fail to identify any helmet.
Number Plate Identification:
After the unwanted boxes are dropped the remaining regions are checked for license number. Optical Character Recognition using
tesseract is used here. Once it is recognized, a new database entry is made and the process continues for the subsequent frames.

Fig. 1: Process Flow diagram

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 Real Time Automatic Helmet Detection of Bike Riders
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V. RESULT

The Result obtained are shown in figure 2 and figure 3. All the boxes except a bike rider not wearing helmet are dropped in the
first image. On the other hand, figure 2 shows Number plate being extracted successfully

Fig. 2: ROI determined Fig. 3: License plate extracted

VI. CONCLUSION

This paper aims to give an idea about the number of traffic offenders in an area. It generates a database of all the bike rides driving
without wearing a helmet along a snapshot for proof. Use of Open and free technologies like tensorflow, opencv and tesseract,
makes the software relatively less expensive. Under fair lighting conditions, this system was tested to give foolproof results. The
overall awareness on the general public will be increased as an impact of the system.

REFERENCES AND FOOTNOTES

[1] J. Chiverton, Helmet presence classification with motorcycle detection and trackingin IET Intelligent Transport Systems, 2012
[2] ‘Automatic detection of motorcyclists without helmet’ by Romuere Silva, Kelson Aires, Thiago Santos, Kalyf Abdala, Rodrigo Veras, André Soares,
Departamento de Computação, 2013 Latin America Cmputiong Conference.
[3] An Automatic Detection of Helmeted and Non-Helmeted Motorcyclist with License Plate Extraction using Convolutional Neural Network’ by Jimit Mistry,
Aashish K. Misraa, Meenu Agarwal, Ayushi Vyas, Vishal M. Chudasama, Kishor P. Upla, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT),
[4] ‘Detection of motorcyclist without helmet using video convolution neural network’ by C. Vishnu,Dinesh Singh,C. Krishna Mohan,Sohan Babu; 2017
International Joint conference on Neural Networks(IJCNN).
[5] ‘Helmet Wearing Detection in Thailand Using Haar Like Feature and Circle Hough Transform on Image Processing’ by Pathasu Doungmala, Katanyoo
Klubsuwan; 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT)
[6] ‘Helmet Detection on Motorcyclists Using Image Descriptors and Classifiers’ by Romuere Rodrigues Veloso e Silva; Kelson Rômulo Teixeira Aires; Rodrigo
de Melo Souza Veras 2014 27th SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images
[7] ‘Automatic detection of motorcyclists without helmet’ by Romuere Silva; Kelson Aires; Thiago Santos; Kalyf Abdala; Rodrigo Veras; André Soares 2013
XXXIX Latin American Computing Conference (CLEI)
[8] ‘Automatic detection of bike-riders without helmet using surveillance videos in real-time’ by Kunal Dahiya; Dinesh Singh; C. Krishna Mohan 2016
International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
[9] ‘An automatic detection of helmeted and non-helmeted motorcyclist with license plate extraction using convolutional neural network’ by Jimit Mistry;
Aashish K. Misraa; Meenu Agarwal; Ayushi Vyas; Vishal M. Chudasama; Kishor P. Upla 2017 Seventh International Conference on Image Processing
Theory, Tools and Applications (IPTA)
[10] ‘Automatic Number Plate Recognition for Indian standard number plates’ by F. Fajas ; Farhan Yousuf ; P. R. Remya ; Adarsh P. Pavanan ; Sajan Ambadiyil
; Varsha Swaminathan Ultra-Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT)

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