3/2/2019

IUT ISFAHAN
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Aerosol Dynamics
Fundamentals and Applications

Presented by: M.R.Tavakoli (Ph.D)

Course Outline
• Introduction to Aerosols
• Review of Viscous Flows and Properties of Gases
• Uniform Particle Motion
• Particle Size Statistics
• Straight- Line Acceleration and Curvilinear Particle
Motion
• Adhesion of Particles
• Brownian motion and Diffusion
• Coagulation
• Condensation and Evaporation
• Electrical Properties
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Particle size Statistics (Outline)

• Properties of Size Distribution

• Moment Average

• Lognormal Distribution

• Weighted Distribution

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Example of Grouped Data

Histogram

•Histogram

•Bin size

The height of any

interval depends on the
width of the interval

Needs to normalized
for interval width

Histogram

The height of each

rectangle = Number of
particle per unit of size
interval (number/micron)

The heights of intervals

with different widths are
comparable

The area of each

rectangle = number of
particle in that size range

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Histogram

Standardized for
sample size by dividing
the rectangle heights
by the total number of
particle

•Fraction/ micron

Probability Density Function (PDF)

Particle size distribution curve

==
frequency function or
probability density function (PDF)

It can be extended to other distributed

quantity such as mass or velocity

Probability Density Function (PDF)

The fraction of the total number of particle df having
diameter between dp and dp +ddp

The fraction of the total number of particle

having diameter between a and b

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Cumulative Distribution Curve

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Mean, Median, Mode

•Mean: the sum of all particle sizes /
number of particles

•Median: diameter for which one-half

the total number of particles are
smaller and one-half are bigger
(cumulative curve= 0.5)

•Mode: most frequent size

•Geometric Mean: Nth root of the

product of N values

For grouped data:

Expressed in log form:

Geometrical Mean widely used in

lognormal distribution
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Example

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Particle size Statistics (Outline)

• Properties of Size Distribution

• Moment Average

• Lognormal Distribution

• Weighted Distribution

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Moment Average
Basket of apples
1- direct measurement
2- indirect measurement

Third moment
average
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Moment Average
Total mass in a sample and mass concentration

Diameter of particle with average surface area

or average settling velocity is define
similarly.(rms avarage)

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Moment Average
General form of an average property: (power of d : different
moment)

Moment average are

based on the count
distribution.

Second moment= rms average

(square root of the mean of the squares)

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Moment (weighted) distributions

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Moment (weighted) distributions

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Moment (weighted) distributions

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Moment (weighted) distributions

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Moment (weighted) distributions

Surface mean
diameter=
Sauter diameter
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Moment (weighted) distributions

Similar for diameter

of average surface:

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Example 1

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Example 2

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Example 3

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Particle size Statistics (Outline)

• Properties of Size Distribution

• Moment Average

• Lognormal Distribution

• Weighted Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution
The fraction of the total number of particle df having
diameter between dp and dp +ddp

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Normal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Lognormal Distribution

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Particle size Statistics (Outline)

• Properties of Size Distribution

• Moment Average

• Lognormal Distribution

• Weighted Distribution

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Weighted Distributions
• The distribution of mass and the distribution of count for the same sample
of particles have different means, medians, geometric means, graphical
representations. And probability density functions.

• CMD is the particle size for which half the total number of particles are
larger and half are smaller.

• The MMD is defined as the diameter for which half the mass is contributed
by particles larger than the MMD and half by particles smaller than the
MMD.

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Weighted Distributions
• Mass distributions of any lognormal distribution will be lognormal and
have the same geometric standard deviation.

• The lognormal distribution is the only common distribution that has this
property.

• The mass distribution is displaced along the size axis by a constant amount
equal to MMD/CMD.

• The ratio MMD/CMD can be calculated knowing only the GSD.

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Weighted Distributions

Mass Median diameter:

MMD  CMD exp(3ln 2  g )

Mean diameter:
d  CMD exp(0.5ln 2  g )

Mode :
dˆ  CMD exp( 1ln 2  g )

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Example
Calculate the MMD, Mean diameter ̅ and mode
for a lognormal size distribution with CMD = 3.5 µm and
GSD ( = 2.2 ).

Mass Median diameter:

MMD  CMD exp(3ln 2  g ) MMD=23 micron

Mean diameter:
d  CMD exp(0.5ln 2  g ) Mean dia.= 4.77 micron

Mode :
dˆ  CMD exp(1ln 2  g ) Mode= 1.88 micron
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Aerosol Dynamics IUTISFAHAN

Fundamentals and Applications UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Thank You

Questions?

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