Discovering

Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Objec&ves)Overview)

Define(the(term,(
Explain(why(computer( computer,(and(describe( Describe(the(five(
literacy(is(vital(to( the(rela;onship( components(of(a(
success(in(today’s(world( between(data(and( computer(
informa;on(

Discuss(the(advantages(
Define(the(term,(
and(disadvantages(that( Discuss(the(uses(of(the(
network,(and(iden;fy(
users(experience(when( Internet(and(World(
benefits(of(sharing(
working(with( Wide(Web(
resources(on(a(network(
computers(

See(Page(3(( 2)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
for(Detailed(Objec;ves(
Objec&ves)Overview)

Dis;nguish(between(system( Differen;ate(among(types,( Describe(the(role(of(each(

soKware(and(applica;on( sizes,(and(func;ons(of( element(in(an(informa;on(
soKware( computers(in(each(category( system(

Explain(how(home(users,(
Discuss(how(society(uses(
small(office/home(office(
computers(in(educa;on,(
users,(mobile(users,(power(
finance,(government,(health(
users,(and(enterprise(users(
care,(science,(publishing,(
each(interact(with(
travel,(and(manufacturing(
computers(

See(Page(3(( 3)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
for(Detailed(Objec;ves(
A)World)of)Computers)

•  Computers(are(everywhere(

Pages(4(Q(5(( 4)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q1(
What)Is)a)Computer?)

•  A(computer(is(an(electronic(device,(opera;ng(
under(the(control(of(instruc;ons(stored(in(its(own(
memory(

Collects( Produces(
data(( Processing( informa&on(
(input)( (output)(

Informa&on)Processing)Cycle)

Page(6( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 5)
What)Is)a)Computer?)

Page(6(( 6)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q2(
The)Components)of)a)Computer)

•  A(computer(contains(many(electric,(electronic,(and(
mechanical(components(known(as(hardware(
Input)Device) •  Allows(you(to(enter(data(and(instruc;ons(into(a(computer(

Output)Device) •  Hardware(component(that(conveys(informa;on(to(one(or(more(people(

•  Case(that(contains(the(electronic(components(of(the(computer(that(
System)Unit) are(used(to(process(data(

•  Records((writes)(and/or(retrieves((reads)(items(to(and(from(storage(
Storage)Device) media(

Communica&ons) •  Enables(a(computer(to(send(and(receive(data,(instruc;ons,(and(
Device) informa;on(to(and(from(one(or(more(computers(or(mobile(devices(

Pages(6(Q(8( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 7)
The)Components)of)a)Computer)

Page(7(( 8)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q3(
Advantages)and)Disadvantages))
of)Using)Computers)
Advantages)of)) Disadvantages)of))
Using)Computers) Using)Computers)

Speed( Health(Risks(

Reliability( Viola;on(of(Privacy(

Consistency( Public(Safety(

Storage( Impact(on(Labor(Force(

Communica;ons( Impact(on(Environment(

Pages(9(Q(10( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 9)
Advantages)and)Disadvantages))
of)Using)Computers)
•  Green)compu&ng(involves(reducing(the(electricity(
consumed(and(environmental(waste(generated(when(
using(a(computer(
•  Strategies(include:(
–  Recycling(
–  Regula;ng(manufacturing(processes(
–  Extending(the(life(of(computers(
–  Immediately(dona;ng(or(properly(disposing(of(replaced(computers(

Page(10( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 10)

Networks)and)the)Internet)

•  A(network(is(a(
collec;on(of(computers(
and(devices(connected(
together,(oKen(
wirelessly,(via(
communica;ons(
devices(and(
transmission(media(

Pages(10(Q(11(( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 11)

Figure(1Q6(
Networks)and)the)Internet)

•  The(Internet)is(a(worldwide(collec;on(of(networks(that(
connects(millions(of(businesses,(government(agencies,(
educa;onal(ins;tu;ons,(and(individuals(

Page(11(( 12)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q7(
Networks)and)the)Internet)

•  People(use(the(Internet(for(a(variety(of(reasons:(

Communicate) Research)and) Shop) Bank)and)Invest) Online)Trading)

Access)Informa&on)

Entertainment) Download)Videos) Share)Informa&on) Web)Applica&on)

Pages(12(Q(13(( 13)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q8(
Networks)and)the)Internet)

•  A(social)networking)Web)site(encourages(
members(to(share(their(interests,(ideas,(stories,(
photos,(music,(and(videos(with(other(registered(
users(

Page(14(( 14)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q9(
Computer)SoUware)

•  SoUware,(also(called(a(program,(tells(the(
computer(what(tasks(to(perform(and(how(to(
perform(them)
System)SoUware)
•  Opera;ng(system(
•  U;lity(program(

Applica&on)SoUware)

Pages(15(Q(16( 15)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q10(Q(1Q11(
Computer)SoUware)

•  Installing(is(the(process(of(sebng(up(soKware(to(
work(with(the(computer,(printer,(and(other(
hardware(

Pages(16(Q(17(( 16)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q12(
Computer)SoUware)

•  A(programmer(develops(
soKware(or(writes(the(
instruc;ons(that(direct(
the(computer(to(
process(data(into(
informa;on(

Page(18(( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 17)

Figure(1Q13(
Categories)of)Computers)
Personal(computers(

Mobile(computers(and(mobile(devices(

Game(consoles(

Servers(

Mainframes(

Supercomputers(

Embedded(computers(

Page(19( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 18)

Personal)Computers)

•  A(personal)computer(can(perform(all(of(its(input,(
processing,(output,(and(storage(ac;vi;es(by(itself(
•  Two(popular(architectures(are(the(PC(and(the(
Apple(
–  Desktop)computer)

Pages(19(Q(20(( 19)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q15(Q(1Q16(
Mobile)Computers)and)Mobile)Devices)

Mobile) Mobile)
Computer) Device)
Personal(computer(you( Compu;ng(device(small(
can(carry(from(place(to( enough(to(hold(in(your(
place( hand(

Examples(include(smart)
Examples(include(
phones)and(PDAs,(eW
notebook)computers,(
book)readers,(handheld)
laptop)computers,(
computers,(portable)
netbooks,(ultraQthins,(
media)players,(and(
and(Tablet)PCs)
digital)cameras(

Pages(20(Q(23( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 20)

Mobile)Computers)and)Mobile)Devices)

Notebook(computer(

Tablet(PC(

Smart(phones(and(PDAs(

EQbook(reader(

Pages(20(Q(22(( 21)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q17(–(1Q20(
Mobile)Computers)and)Mobile)Devices)

Handheld(computer(

Portable(media(player(

Digital(camera(

Pages(22(Q(23( 22)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q21(–(1Q23(
Game)Consoles)

•  A(game)console(is(a(
mobile(compu;ng(
device(designed(for(
singleQplayer(or(
mul;player(video(
games(

Page(24(( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 23)

Figure(1Q24(
Servers)

•  A(server(controls(access(
to(the(hardware,(
soKware,(and(other(
resources(on(a(network(
–  Provides(a(centralized(
storage(area(for(
programs,(data,(and(
informa;on(

Page(25(( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 24)

Figure(1Q25(
Mainframes)

•  A(mainframe(is(a(large,(
expensive,(powerful(
computer(that(can(
handle(hundreds(or(
thousands(of(connected(
users(simultaneously(

Page(25(( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 25)

Figure(1Q26(
Supercomputers)

•  A(supercomputer(is(the(fastest,(most(powerful(
computer(
–  Fastest(supercomputers(are(capable(of(processing(
more(than(one(quadrillion(instruc;ons(in(a(single(
second(

Page(25(( 26)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q27(
Embedded)Computers)

•  An(embedded)computer(is(a(specialQpurpose(
computer(that(func;ons(as(a(component(in(a(
larger(product(
Consumer( Home(Automa;on( Process(Controllers( Computer(Devices(
Automobiles(
Electronics( Devices( and(Robo;cs( and(Office(Machines(
• Mobile(and(digital( • Thermostats( • An;lock(brakes( • Remote(monitoring( • Keyboards(
telephones( • Sprinkling(systems( • Engine(control( systems( • Printers(
• Digital(televisions( • Security( modules( • Power(monitors( • Faxes(
• Cameras( monitoring( • Airbag(controller( • Machine( • Copiers(
• Video(recorders( systems( • Cruise(control( controllers(
• DVD(players(and( • Appliances( • Medical(devices(
recorders( • Lights(
• Answering(
machines(

Page(26( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 27)

Embedded)Computers)

Page(26(( 28)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q28(
Elements)of)an)Informa&on)System)

Hardware( SoKware( Data(

People( Procedures(

Page(27( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 29)

Elements)of)an)Informa&on)System)

Page(27(( 30)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figure(1Q29(
Examples)of)Computer)Usage)

Home)User) Small)Office/Home) Mobile)User)

• Personal(financial( Office)User) • Connect(to(other(computers(
management( • Look(up(informa;on( on(a(network(or(the(Internet(
• Web(access( • Send(and(receive(eQmail( • Transfer(informa;on(
• Communica;ons( messages( • Play(video(games(
• Entertainment( • Make(telephone(calls( • Listen(to(music(
• Watch(movies(
)

Pages(28(–(31( 31)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q30(–(1Q32(
Examples)of)Computer)Usage)

Power)User) Enterprise(User(
•  Work(with( •  Communicate(
mul;media( among(employees(
•  Use(industryQspecific( •  Process(high(
soKware( volumes(of(
transac;ons(
•  Blog(

Pages(31(–(32( 32)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q33(–(1Q34(
Computer)Applica&ons)in)Society)

Educa;on(
Finance(
Government(
Health(Care(
Pages(34(Q(36(( 33)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q36(–(1Q39(
Computer)Applica&ons)in)Society)

Science(
Publishing(
Travel(
Manufacturing(
Pages(36(Q(38( 34)
Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1(
Figures(1Q40(–(1Q43(
Video:)Computer)History)in)a)Barn)

CLICK)TO)START)

Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 35)
Summary)

Basic(computer( Components(of(a(
concepts( computer(

Many(different(
Networks,(the( categories(of(
Internet,(and( computers,(computer(
computer(soKware( users,(and(computer(
applica;ons(in(society(
Page(39( Discovering(Computers(2012:(Chapter(1( 36)
Discovering
Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Chapter)1)Complete)