Professional Documents
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Global Pre Intermediate Coursebook PDF
Global Pre Intermediate Coursebook PDF
Lindsay Clandfield
1
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Individual Society
Surprising origins and facts about everyday objects
Six Degrees of Separation by John Guare
CCTV is watching you!
8 Home
Famous homes
and their infamous
Away
occupants Dracula by
Eating Drinking Bram Stoker The cat
Tastes Comforting came back The Beach
Secrets of the world's by Alex Garland New
top kitchens The people kinds of tourism
behind the drinks Water
and the human body
4
Hopes Fears
5
to... An Inconvenient Truth
Work & Leisure
Profile; An Indian call centre worker Bad
bosses and work issues The serious
leisure perspective Ten facts about by David Crystal
amusement parks
6
page 15 bame language but d
Science & Technology i
* page 39 The power of music
The science of happiness
The worst jobs in science jjJil page 63 All work and no play
Frankenstein by Mary >- f : ___ OT
page 87 The English language
Shelley Going, going,
and the number four
gone ,., Online auctions
f paae 111 Sports Enqlish
Speaking and
Grammar Reading texts Listening t e x t s Vocabulary
Pronunciation
Wo a order in ;uestiens Sarp srig rian s and k ts Di par; itions Of oeopif E e aa, . roii . s p6) Describing ar ea - pa
individual ;p7i dapta, 3 ,. irp is D ' rpp ip p ;epip pa; False lent!t:es (p9)
page 6 Wrist and Hon auestipi • EV look and look like (p8) ® The alphabet (p7)
!-9}
IPs; a , :•:. pari . 'pa; 0' OP k ;. if i ; .;a ' aipi needs 1)
• Par aspi; Pepneaa deai'ees or separation theor persona! an, onshios EV in touch (p10) • raumem; far a J
Society pP ;: - CCTv fp-2i
EV ; p . ' : p r : p
piSea eat iaea E ar ;he
page 10 Reade response CC TV a ( p ) Linking words (p13)
watching r 13; ia ;a;a ;. f set: araHpn
a eery (plO)
Function giobaiiy: Common social expressions (pl 4) Writing: A personal description (pl6)
Global English: Some language but different (pi 5) Study skills: Being a good language learner (p!7)
untai uncountable tastes pantonine i o ' 8 i TaikonZat She p2ii Food (pi8) ad questionnaire (p18:
noaes eanaiiea ana tap s; Par; from i : a Ir tiie Kitchen p 2 i ) How do yoi: pal- - it? (pi 9
Eating any. no) i p i 9 ) w o r l d t o ; Kit ions i - 0! EV -arr Ip18) : tips r.)20i
page 18 lantitiers k:i of. a little
a few, not rp Describing a k t - • (p2"
many-. @ M and <'i|7 (p21)
Function globally: Eating out (p26) Writing: A description of food and drink (P28)
Global voices: Food that makes you think of home (p27) Study skills: Evaluating your language learning (p29)
use 1
p3pi aaf fidelity by Nic ! Hornby - auii , ; i the rasa Audin an i aataa (p34; D&cribing pictures (p34)
it : t) oi span;. Fee :: jS pat , (?) Used to (p35)
Music a ai:
EV Saying and writing Music (p37)
page 34 Talk ;n music: a film
cia idea :p3a)
and 7\ p30)
EV just fp37)
Function globally: Agreeing and disagreeing (p38) Writing: A scene from a short story (p33)
( P 39) A review (p40)
Global English: The power of music
Study skills: Conversation partners (p41)
F;.: ire - pea and • a e When a ap (p42) Interview with two " d ap epti e a a n d s y n o My hopes and plans (p43)
;p43! • a. bP>: ip 55/ ;;a • oreigi a la
Hopes
a t ana ana intentions GioPa; a s p4 Hope (p45)
page 42
beyo,ng:c.\. as,
as; ;p45) ( p ) Word stress (p44)
:
- a and ability ; Thing? a orse avt : d PP about a . P i , sa p with get Ciiinai a questionnaire
be r. Pit id) fp4 7) . f a • as dyst p.a:; n << a it 3 a (p 72 ip ' 3
Fears Futl a :P pi: _ sa; )) litaratii a 46, Ge< graphiaal features
page 46 it
EV -ed/-ing adjectives
: i ::
Function globally: Making offers and decisions (p50) Writing: An email to a friend (p52)
Global voices: Reasons why people learn English (p51) Study skills: Using your dictionary: finding the right entry (p53)
Contents
Speaking and
Grammar Reading texts Listening t e x t s Vocabulary
Pronunciation
1
Comoara; with er atkI lie science of haponless Go' eisati . r.jiine formes • p69j Happiness
.'770' d ip66! vvors i os n sc ence EV Metaphors for hapoy a if; jobs (p68)
Science ' ' .: Id* 'US fc . lllCh ;p6fi.
F tie, I ,0/ (ptn; 777 inge ;>us k;x' ;• dg
page 66 .as as. in68)
hr,-:nkons;e;r b Mar, ( ? ) Tne schwa (p67)
Shelley ip69;
3; | tr/ei !p7; G<any pel , •, n . ;p; )) \Afebsift nd ires 1(7777! IS (p7 ,3" ' '7 3--
Phrasa; verbs and obje s Tne Ludcties (p73; ip71) ""7: PS (p~2) 37:0777 7 tephnpinm 17 7 ":
Technology
(p73) Conversations about EV Other ways of saying ( ? ) Phrasal verbs, sentence
page 70
ci rnprper p; joj j r a 377 p72) stress (p72;
(p;2)
Function globally: Finding things in common (p 74) Writing: Describing advantages and disadvantages |p76)
Global voices: The most important technological advance (p75) Study skills: Personalising language learning (p77)
:
Present perfect • :c » arid A brief histoi y of t ~no zones talk on the c< incept 7* Fi 37 3 rp time vd. ' in pes ' 1 7- TP . if Si
sinct P79) (p78) time (p80) on. at) jp78) 7 saving nveni.. s p ;
Time A Tate ( )e; : / Tin in ex| ess; ins (p8C I -i the b e n e s ; eases ;
Chane.-; Bp -7 3-
page 78
( ? ) at. anc ,3
• stress (p80)
:
Present perfe't w i n yet ftpf: 7 -: 0 P.L 73 Mo; 37 ad ; ;hr; ;; s n 33.7 3 7 -1 no .73.717.7 ;3:
Money and rasa 82) cc - (p82) EV borrow and lend (p85) A oank oa poo
page 82
A ditteie: • rind ot bank ip84; ® ,;:.33)
Function globally: Shopping in a market (p86) Writing: Giving your opinion ( P 88)
Global English: The English language and the number (our Ip87) Study skills: Managing your study time (p89)
Passi in •• (p9l 1
Bra SiOKOr's Cracuia p9l) homes 7 7i Animal 92 30 . 1 7. 3.7 -701 IP i n:
:
Home The cat came back (p92) Prep 37 pi veme; Animals (p92)
page 90 7 ®/h/(p90)
EV house and home (p90)
Firs) conditiona p95) Travel guldet • iks (p91 srsatio with 7-3.7 rts :p95)
Adiec' ves and
Second corniiti irnal lo97) The Beach by Alex Garland travel on i n p94) 7 3 377. photos (p90;
Away EV Words that mean trip if yon no. ilci n • . :--.--
ip95)
page 94 p971
Mew kinds of tourism (p96!
( ? ) Sentence stress (p97)
Modal rerbs of advice ; tile ; mes of modern Talk on the < < nnmon Peeing ill 37:331 Ti;e 1 ' cold (pi 02
(pi 03) medicine ip104) cold (pi02) Med ~al treatmei ' p i 04: (p}c,hand,gh(p102)
Health
page 102
Could, couldn't, m to Advice on :ures d me ® Word stress (p104)
didn : n,o to pi Co a ;n ii non a>ld (p 1931
Sports luesflonnaae (pit 7)
Past pertec t ([>: 07; Olympic ipsers (pi 06) C . ersation at the Sport (p 106; A visit to the n ntPrsplOt
Fitness doctor's 1)7 108)
Reported stall e^ .ents .- . te//amines (pi :9; Fit;ins: 73, lie: iaire;p:09j
page 106 (p 1 09! EV win and beat (p 106)
Function Describing illness (pi 10) Writing: ft sick note (pi 03)
An online post (pl 12)
Global English: Sports English (pill)
Study skills: Using your dictionary: exploring collocations (pl 13)
:
Defi' ina relative oiai ses Brave Nsi ' Words by Keny Infen isw with Kerry Nov wc Ps in context amoti: quotes p117i
(pusf Maxv e:i p1 t t) Maxwell on Bravo Now p i 14)
New Words pi 14)
Defii ire article (the (p117) New Plapes in a new wprld Places (pi 16
page 114 ev Words that ien
(P116)
;p116)
Vert forrr review (p i 19) Old but loved: the Trabant Two classk board Tear, .p 1 : 8) Transport ( p i l S ;
(p118| games (p 120) Gan es o 1 2 l ) Driving question e (pi 19
Both, leither (pi 20)
Old EV Woi 7- i mean A 1
..., : game if 121)
77-3.3.- p-120)
page 118 ( ? ) Consonant clusters (p118)
( ? ) Sentence stress and
intonation (f • 12 f
Function globally: Ending a conversation (pl 22) Writing: Definitions game (pl 15)
Global voices: Your favourite words in English A report on studies (pl 24)
(pl 23}
Study skills: Evaluating your pronunciation ®(pl25)
Communication activities: Additional material: {pi 30) Grammar focus: (pi 32) Audioscript: (pl 52)
Student A: (pl 26) Student B: (pl 28)
Contents
Part 1
Yocabirfury
The alphabet
1 a historical reason for ID cards.
2 countries with no ID cards.
2 Do you have any of these things with you
3 a material used in ID cards.
today? Which ones? Tell a partner.
4 information on an ID card.
5 biometric information on an ID card.
3 Does your country have identity cards?
What information do they contain?
Origin:
United States,
Egypt, more than
Origin:
r Origin:
It c o m e s f r o m t h e chicle
plant. The original idea
w a s t o use it t o m a k e
Unit 1 Indivi
Surprising
origins and facts:
The identity (ID) card
Grammar What were the first ID cards?
The first ID cards were, in fact, paper identity documents, which
Are ID cards obligatory? appeared in the 18th century.
Do all countries have ID cards?
What is a biometric ID card? What did people use the first ID cards for?
What did people use ID cards for? People used the first ID cards to travel to different countries. The ID
card was the first passport.
• in questions the verb goes before
the subject Do all countries have ID cards?
• in present simple or past simple
No, they don't. There are more than a hundred countries in the world
questions, the auxiliary verb do /
with ID cards. But several English-speaking countries don't have a
did goes before the subject and the
national ID card system. These countries include the UK, the US,
infinitive goes after the subject
Canada, Australia, Ireland and New Zealand.
• question words {What, Where, Who,
etc.) go at the start of a question What do ID cards look like?
ID cards are usually made of plastic and can fit inside a person's
1 Complete the questions by putting the wallet.
words in the correct place.
l do you do? what
What information do governments put on ID cards?
2 you speak any foreign languages? do Most ID cards contain the person's name, date of birth,
3 what your name? is signature and a photograph.
4 what's phone number? your Some cards contain other information such as
5 you have any children? do the person's address, phone number, nationality,
6 where you born? were profession and marital status.
7 where did you to school? go
8 where do live? you What is a biometric ID card?
9 you married? are More modern ID cards now contain biometric
10 what your date of birth? is information, for example, fingerprints or digital
2 Match the questions in exercise 1 to the images of people's eyes.
topics in the box.
Name Profession
Address Marital status
Phone number Children Pronunciation
Date of birth Education 1 1.02 Listen to three
Place of birth Languages people spelling personal
information. W r i t e the words
they spell.
3 Choose five questions from exercise 1.
Work in pairs and ask each other the 2 W o r k in pairs. A: spell the
questions. words to B.
Individua! Unit 1
ndividua
Port 2
Describing people
Speaking and Vocabulary Listening
1 Think of someone you know very well 1 1.03-1.08 Listen to four
Listening
and describe this person to a partner. Use conversations and choose the correct
Identity p a r a d e the phrases below to help you. photo a-j on page 9 for each one.
• This is ...
Gramn ar 2 Listen again and answer the questions.
What & How questions • He's / She's ... There is one question for each conversation.
• He's / She's g o t . . . eyes and ... hair.
1 Does the woman like the photo?
Speaking
• He's / She's ... years old. 2 How old is the baby?
False identities
2 Write the words in the box under the 3 What is different about Bella?
correct headings below. 4 What colour is the man's hair?
3 Work in pairs. A: choose one of the
bald beard blond curly fair
photos and describe it to your partner. B: try
in her twenties medium-height to guess the correct photo. Then swap roles
middle-aged overweight scar short and repeat.
shoulder-length slim straight young
) © Q
4 That chair That chair
doesn't look doesn't look
like comfortable. comfortable.
Unit 1 Society
•
It's a
small
world
I3S1E
Society
Part 4
CCTV^
favour of and two arguments against C C T V
cameras in the texts. Which arguments do
you agree with?
1 Underline the correct form of the verbs 3 Work in pairs and compare your
in the letter. sentences. Ask one question about
each person on your partner's paper.
I am looking / look out of my window at
Where is your brother teaching?
work right now and I can see two CCTV
cameras. These cameras are belonging / ^ ^ G r a m m a r focus - explanation & more
belong to the company, and they watch our practice of the present continuous o n p a g e 1 3 2
We use language to express our thoughts, form relationships with others, and build communities. The
focus is always on the individual. If you study language you study people, and people are as different as
chalk from cheese. So their language will be different too.
Glossary
Sometimes it's regional background that makes the difference. If you
background (noun) - the type of family, social position or
hear someone say That's a bonny wee child, the speaker is probably from
culture that someone comes from
Scotland, because words like wee (little) and bonny (pretty) are hardly ever
BRB (verb) - internet abbreviation for Be Right Back', you use
used anywhere else. And someone who says My car's hood and windshield
this to say informally that you will return soon
were damaged probably has an American background; someone from the
LOL (verb) - internet abbreviation for laughing out loud\ you
UK would say bonnet and windscreen. use this to say informally that you think something is funny
10 Often it's social background that makes the difference. In the 1950s in
Britain there was a lot of publicity about how upper-class (U) people used different
words from those used by other classes (non-U). U speakers had luncheon (or lunch)
in the middle of the day and dinner in the evening. Non-U speakers had dinner in the
middle of the day. Luncheon is rare today, but there is a still a social divide between
15 lunch and dinner.
Above all, these days, it's the technology that makes the difference. The internet allows
people to express their individuality in ways that were inconceivable a few years ago.
Emails vary from highly formal (Dear Professor Crystal) to highly informal (Vo, Dave!!).
Older people often keep the rules of punctuation and capitalisation they once learned;
younger people often try out new ways (/' dont think so - LOL).
But times are changing. As more older people start to use the internet, they are also
using the latest abbreviations more and more. BRB (Be right back).
G l o b a l English Unit 1
w
——
a an email to a friend? 1 I'm short and slim. I have long curly black hair.
b an introduction for a social 2 My sister trained as a teacher. She's unemployed at the
networking site? moment.
c a letter of application for a job? 3 I'm thirty years old. I'm married with two children.
4 Clodagh isn't a common name. People often don't know
2 Is there anything in the description that's true for you? how to spell it.
5 I have three sisters. I don't have any brothers.
6 I was born in a small village. I find living in a big city
Hi! My name is Constanza Ximena Jara Castro, but people call me
Coti for short. I'm twenty years and single. I born in Valdivia, in the
very strange.
south of Chile, but now I live in Santiago, the capital city. I study 2 Read the joined sentences. Cross out any words that you
journalism in the university and I like very much this course. don't need.
We are five people in my family - my parents, my t w o elder sisters I have a dog called Lucky and I have a cat called Mimi.
and me. We also have got a dog called Kalu. My father's job is a
photographer and my mother is teacher.
Preparing to write
In my free time I like swimming, listening music and seeing friends.
In the future I hope to go to USA for do a Master's and my ambition Make notes about yourself for a social networking site. Use
is to work as a journalist for a national newspaper. the topics in the box to help you and include your own
ideas.
Unit 1 Writing
Global review
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the * I am willing to take risks and am not
verb in brackets. afraid of making mistakes.
1 A: Excuse me, can you help me? * I am organised in the way i manage
B: I'm sorry, I (try) to work right now. my learning.
2 I (not / know) many people in this town. * I think about how I learn best.
3 My brother (not/ like) his boss, so he
* If I don't understand something, I try
(look) lor a new job. to guess.
4 My mother (not / speak) any foreign
* I notice my mistakes and try to learn
languages.
from them.
Vocabulary * I set goals and monitor my progress.
1 Find and correct six spelling mistakes. * If I am not sure about something, I ask
for help.
acquaintance bald clasmate colleage freind
* I regularly review what I have learnt.
heigth identity keyring middle-aged neigbour
* my
I tryideas.
to use English to communicate
proffession umbrella
2 Look at the pictures. Correct three 2 Add up your total score and read what it means below.
mistakes in each description.
1 This is Carlos. He's bald and 16-20 Congratulations! You are already an excellent
overweight, and he's got a beard. language learner. Keep up the g o o d work!
2 This is Veronica. She's middle-aged, 11-15 You already have some very g o o d language
with short dark curly hair. learning strategies. Now think how you can
improve even more.
6-10 You are starting to use the right strategies but
2 Work in pairs and choose five questions You can use the noun taste when you
describe a flavour.
from the list below. Then ask each other the This chocolate has a very sweet taste.
questions. It is also the name of one of the five senses
• What meals do you eat with your family? {sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste).
• Who prepares the food in your family? You can use the verb to taste in the following
ways:
• W i a t do you like to eat on special
taste + adjective
occasions, eg your birthday?
taste + like / of + noun
• What did you have to eat last night? It tastes sweef / bitter / delicious / awful.
• How often do you buy food? Where do It tastes like chicken. This water tastes of
you do the shopping? apples.
• Do you eat out a lot? What kind of food You can say It tastes delicious to give a
do you like to eat at a restaurant? compliment about food.
• What did you have to eat this morning? Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
• ... has a sweet taste.
• Do you have a favourite food when you
• I like food that tastes ...
are sad? What is it?
• I think ... tastes awful.
A: I'm going to ask you some questions about
food and eating.
B: OK.
A: What meals do you eat with your family?
B: I usually have breakfast and dinner with my
family. I have lunch at work.
Unit 2 Eating
tagine
Grammar
A little,
much,
a few,
many)
not enough, 4
2
Who is the best cook you know?
1.16 Read and listen to Ten secrets ...
• use a little and much with uncountable
nouns
• use a few and many with plural
Vocabulary & Speaking
from the world's top kitchens. Which secret or
secrets are about... countable nouns
In the kitchen
• use a lot of and (not) enough with plural
a food preparation?
nouns and uncountable nouns
Pronunciation b food storage?
• use too much / many to say there is more
I k l & /tJV c eating?
than you want
d cleaning?
Listening e the kitchen?
Z a o Shen 1 Read the sentences below about a busy
3 Did you know any of these tips? Tick (V)
head chef. Match the sentences 1-5 to the
the ones you knew.
meanings a-e.
4 Do you know any other good food tips? 1 He is always a few minutes late for work.
What are they? 2 He has a lot of friends at the restaurant.
3 He eats too many cakes and biscuits.
4 He doesn't get enough sleep.
s He has enough work at the moment.
a He doesn't need any more,
b He should eat less,
c He isn't early,
d He's often tired,
e He has eight or nine.
2 Complete the questions with much or
many.
In a typical day ...
• how meals do you eat?
• how coffee do you drink?
• how . time do you spend in the
kitchen?
• how portions of fruit do you eat?
• how water do you drink?
• how junk food or fast food do you
eat?
3 Work in pairs and choose four questions
from the list above. Then ask each other the
questions. Use the expressions in the box to
help you.
Pronunciation Listening
1 O hi Listen to the words below. 1 Look at the picture of Zao Shen. Which
Which have the /k/ sound, which have the country do you think he is from? Who do
/t|7sound and which have both? Which you think he is?
word does not have a /k/ or a /tJ7 sound?
2 1.18 Listen to a short talk about Zao
Shen and answer the questions.
chill chocolate cloth cook cup
fork knife picture quick watch 1 Who is Zao Shen?
2 Can you name one thing he does?
3 Where can you see pictures like this?
2 Listen again and repeat. What are the
common spellings for /k/ and /tf/? 3 Are there any important beliefs about
food or kitchens in your culture? What are
they?
Eating Unit 2
Drinking
Part 3
can water
wine 2 <& 1.19 Read and listen to the text The
people behind the drinks. What do all the
Language note: some uncountable drinks have in common? Choose the best
nouns can be countable if we believe
answer.
there is a container, eg two coffees a They are all more than 100 years old.
means two cups of coffee.
b They are all cold drinks,
c They are not English drinks.
2 Work in pairs and ask each other these 3 Read the text again and complete the
questions. sentences with the names of the drinks.
What d o you like to drink ...
sponsors a famous book.
• on a hot summer's day? . and are from
• in the morning, with breakfast? France.
• after dinner? and . are hot drinks.
• in the winter, when it's cold outside? . was given as a present.
• when you feel sad or miserable, as a . and were named
after monks.
comfort drink?
What other drinks do you like? When? 4 Do you know any of these drinks?
Which ones?
Unit 2 Drinking
Grammar Dr Louis Perrier was a doctor and politician
in the south of France. At the end of the 19th
century he got a job with a company that made
He wanted to make a new drink.
special mineral water in a bottle. The water was
It was difficult to understand. originally popular in the UK and the US, but is
• use the infinitive after some verbs: now available around the world.
agree, forget, need, try, want
• use the infinitive after adjectives The espresso coffee with hot
milk has always had the Italian
1 Read the extract from George Orwell's A name cappuccino. It is more
nice cup of tea. Complete the rules by writing than three hundred and fifty
to or nothing (-) in each gap. Do you agree years old and is now famous
with his rules? around the world. The name
comes from a group of monks
in Italy, the Capuchin monks.
Vocabulary
The h u m a n b o d y
Vocabulary Grammar
1 How many parts of the body can you
listening name in English? Work in pairs and Human beings need to drink water to live.
W a f e r & the h u m a n b o d y
complete the words below. What does water do to help the body?
Grammar _ rm b ck e ._ r
• we use the infinitive to say why we do
The infinitive of purpose
something
elb... w f..ng_r f__t
PnDminciafion ha .. r h _ nd he _ d 1 Look at the pictures of different objects
t.r & /tu:/ below. Describe what each object is for
k ee I g n _ se
using the phrases in the box.
Speaking
Drinks questionnaire
2 Look at the words in the box. Decide breathe underwater drink with
if each part is inside (i) or outside (0) the
make ice cubes purify water
body. Write I or O.
serve drinking water water plants
blood bone _ brain
heart _ muscle You use this to water plants.
nails... skin
Listening
1 You are going to hear a talk about water
and the human body. First check you
understand the words in the box.
one
Tunisia
It was too hot, and I needed something to
kilogram of beef.
drink.
I was hungry too.
I went to a shop to buy some water.
I didn't know how to ask for water.
I didn't have enough money to pay for it.
I spoke to the owner.
And he gave it to me for free.
He gave me some oranges too.
Speaking
1 Use the prompts to make questions.
• How much water / every day?
• Do / too little water?
• Do / water before you go to bed?
• Do / bottled water or tap water?
• How many bottles / week?
2 Work in pairs and choose one of the tasks
below.
3 Work in pairs. Complete the sentences in A Ask each other the questions from
as many different ways as you can. exercise 1.
I went to the shop to ...
B Make a similar questionnaire about a
People use water to ...
different drink, eg tea or coffee. Use the
He's learning English to ...
questions in exercise 1 to help you. Then
0 G r a m m a r f o c u s - e x p l a n a t i o n & more interview another pair.
practice of the infinitive of purpose on p a g e , J 34*, • / - ' f ( { 1 W K t V Y
' i
\ V
_ _
Warm up Language focus: eating out
1 Look at the pictures of four different places to eat. 1 Put the words in the correct order to make useful phrases.
Work in pairs and describe the similarities and differences Which phrases do customers say? Mark them with a C.
between them. 1 would to order you what like?
2 here think I there's a mistake.
Useful language 3 the I have could bill?
4 y o u r meal you did enjoy?
• fast food • flight attendant
5 medium small, or large?
• self-service buffet • tray
6 reservation we've a got.
7 over have to pay you there.
Useful phrases 8 thanks lovely, it was.
• I think this is in ... 9 for two, table please a.
• It looks like a / an ... 2 1.26 Listen and check your answers. Then listen and
• In this picture they're ... and in this picture they're ... repeat the phrases.
• This one looks the most comfortable / expensive /
interesting.
Speaking
2 Have you been to any places like these? Which photo do
Work in groups of three. A and B: you are customers.
you like the best?
C: you work in a restaurant.
Preparing to write
1 Make notes about food and drink in your country. Use
the paragraph titles to help you.
Mealtimes Typical dishes Drinks
2 Work in pairs and share your ideas.
Writing
Write a description of food and drink in your country for a
class magazine. Use your note and the useful phrases above
to help you.
Unit 2 Writing
review Study skills
Circle the correct option to describe each picture. * talk about quantities
1 bottle / carton / can of juice * describe things in a kitchen
2 mug /glass / cup of coffee * pronounce the sounds /k/ and /tJ7
3 plate /frying pan / saucepan
* find information in a short reading text
4 spoon /fork / knife
s oven / sink / microwave * talk about containers and drinks
6 finger / arm / elbow * understand a simple listening passage
7 knee/foot / back
* describe how to make a dish or drink
8 nail / muscle / bone
9 casserole / vegetable / toast * describe purpose using to + infinitive
10 cook /serve / taste
3 Work in pairs and compare your answers.
Works of art
Vocabulary and Speaking
1 Match the words to the pictures a-h.
Reading
* This picture shows ... 4 The painting was until the dealer
9
I think this is a picture o f . . . noticed it on the wall.
9
It looks as if + clause ...
• This is from + time / place ...
9
I (really) like / don't like this picture ...
Speaking
W o r k in pairs and choose one of the tasks
Reading below.
1 1,33 Read and listen to Discovered! A Tell y o u r partner about an object that
on page 31 and match each text to a picture. is important in your family. Use these
T h e r e are four pictures that you do not questions to help you prepare.
need. • W h a t is the object?
® H o w old is it?
2 Read the texts again and complete the
• W h e r e did it come from?
sentences with one or more words.
• W h y is it important to you?
1 T h e Venus de Milo is a statue of
B Ask each other these questions.
2 The Venus de Milo is now in _
3 Some Mexican workers discovered a • Do y o u like art?
sculpture while they were installing W h a t kind of art do you like?
• Do y o u have any art in y o u r house?
4 T h e sculpture is n o w in W h a t is it? W h o is it by?
5 T h e couple from M i l w a u k e e thought « Have you ever been to an art gallery?
their Van G o g h painting was W h i c h one?
6 Vase with Flowers sold for -.
7 T h e man found the Declaration of
Independence while he was shopping at
. m-
In 1820 a Greek peasant named Yorgos was working in his
field on the island of Milos when he found several blocks of
stone. Under the stones were four statues: three figures of the
God Hermes and one of Aphrodite, the goddess of love. Three
weeks later a group of French archaeologists arrived by ship.
They bought the Aphrodite and took it to France. The king, Louis
XVIII, called it Venus de Milo and gave it to the Louvre. It is now
one of the most famous works of art in the world.
Under a street
On February 21, 1978, workers were putting down electrical cables
on a busy street corner in Mexico City when they discovered a
huge sculpture of the Aztec moon goddess Coyolxauhqui. It was
more than four hundred years old and is now in the Museum of the
Great Temple in Mexico.
esi
On a wall «.$mBmm
A man and his wife from Milwaukee, US, asked an art dealer to
look at a painting they had in their home. While he was walking
through the house, the dealer saw a different painting. The couple
thought this was a reproduction of a Vincent Van Gogh, but it was
in fact the original. On March 10, 1991, the painting Vase with
Flowers sold for $1.4 million.
At a market
A man from Philadelphia was shopping at a flea market when
he saw a wooden picture frame he liked. He paid $4 for it.
When he got home he took the old picture out of the frame
and found an old document behind it. It was a copy from
1776 of the American Declaration of Independence. The
copy sold for $2.4 million in New York in 1991.
Glossary
archaeologist (noun) - a person who studies ancient societies
dealer (noun) - a person who sells a particular product
flea market (noun) - a market where old things are sold at low prices
peasant (noun) - a poor person who works on another person's farm
i
reproduction (noun) - a copy of something
Art Unit 3
Art
Part 2
Speaking
Speaking 3 Complete the texts with the past simple
Retelling stories
or past continuous form of the verbs in
1 Work in pairs. Tell each other what you brackets.
Grammar
remember about the works of art from page
Past simple & past 31. Use the phrases below to help you.
continuous
A Greek peasant was working in his field
Vocabulary when ...
Furniture & furnishings In 1978 workers
In 1978 a group of Mexican workers were
behind an old casino in Dawson City,
Reading putting d o w n electrical cables w h e n ...
Yukon when they - _ (discover)
The Picture of Dorian more than 500 films from 1903 to 1929. The
One day an art dealer went to visit a man and
Gray
films {be) in perfect condition
is wife in Milwaukee. While he w a s walking
because of the cold temperatures.
Pronunciation through the house ...
Past simple regular verbs
A man from Philadelphia w a s shopping at a
In 1990 Barbara Testa, a librarian,
Writing flea market when ...
(find) 665 pages of an old book while she
A scene f r o m a short 2 Check your answers in the texts. ... - (look) through a trunk in
story
her attic. The book
Unit 3Functionglobally
Reading
1 QH.34 Read and listen to an extract from
the book The Picttire of Dorian Gray. What was
happening?
Art Unit 3
Part 3
Speaking
±
The h i s t o r y o f s o u n d
recording • II
pots saupe cejet
Grammar
Used to
3 Match the words to the pictures on page 35.
audio cassette
CD
DVD player
headphones
M P 3 player
Speaking record
1 Look at pictures a and b. Make some record player
notes on the differences between them. Use video cassette
the useful language and phrases to help you. Do you have any of these things at home?
4 1.37 Complete the instructions with
the words in the box. Then listen and check
your answers.
• concert hall
• drummer button down off on plug up watch
• orchestra
• rock group
Right, to use this DVD player,
first you it in here. To
• This looks like ... turn it , just press this
• The picture at the top / b o t t o m s h o w s ... Now press eject and put
• Maybe / perhaps it's in ...
the disc in the tray. Close the tray
2 Work in pairs and describe the and press play to the film.
differences between the pictures.
To turn the volume, use this
3 Work in pairs and ask each other these
button. If it's too loud, turn
questions.
• What kind of music do you like? the volume with this button. And,
• Where do you usually listen to music? At to turn it press here.
home, at work, on the bus etc?
• Do you listen to music while you are
working or studying? What kind of
musicr 5 Work in pairs. Make a similar set of
instructions for a CD or MP3 player.
Unit 3 Music
Listening and Writing Grammar
1 You are going to hear a lecture about
the history of sound recording. Before People used to listen to music on vinyl discs.
you listen, list the words from vocabulary Vinyl records used to be popular.
exercise 3 in order from oldest to newest. They didn't use to have CDs.
2 O l . 3 8 Listen to the lecture and check • use used to to talk about regular actions
your answers. in the past which don't happen now
• use used to to talk about situations in
3 Listen again and complete the notes. the past which aren't true now
• the negative of used to is didn V use to
Music Unit 3
Music
Part 4
Vocabulary
Feelings
Vocabulary Listening
1 Match the words in bold to the words in 1 <5? 1.42 Listen to the composer Andy
Listening
the box with similar meanings. Price talking about how he uses music in
Music in film & TV
1 was feeling cheerful today because ... films and T V programmes. Tick ( • ) the
... makes me feel very calm. feelings he mentions.
Speaking & Reading
Last week I was miserable because ...
High Fidelity angry calm excited happy
I'm frightened of ...
... makes me sleepy. sad safe scared tense
4 Imagine one of the short pieces of music Gentle music on a guitar, piano or violin is
is part of a scene from a film. Listen again good for love scenes / death scenes.
and answer the questions. Choral music (people singing) can make an
• Where is the scene? audience feel tense / sad.
• Who is in the scene?
When the character of Robin Hood appears
• How do they feel?
in the programme you can hear trumpets /
• What is happening?
guitars.
5 Work in pairs and tell each other about
the scene you imagined. The orchestra used to play / usually plays in
front of a large screen showing the film.
Unit 3 Music
You can use just in spoken English in different ways.
What came first, the
F
For emphasis: music or the misery? Did i listen to
Just turn it off!
To mean only: music because I was miserable? Or was I miserable
It just makes me bored.
To mean exactly:
because I listened to music? Do all those records turn
He is just like his father.
Put just into the following sentences. What does just you into a melancholy person?
mean in each one?
1 Be quiet, please.
2 It was a mistake. People worry about kids playing with guns, and
3 Thank you for the CD, it's what I wanted.
teenagers watching violent videos; we are scared that
Speaking and Reading some sort of culture of violence will take them over.
1 Work in pairs. W r i t e down the names of
Nobody worries about kids listening to thousands - literally
all the pop groups you can think of in one
minute. thousands - of songs about broken hearts and rejection
2 Work with another pair and compare
and pain and misery and loss. The unhappiest people I
your lists. Then answer these questions.
• Is pop music popular in y o u r country? know are the ones who like pop music the most...
• Who listens to pop music?
• Do you like pop music?
Glossary:
melancholy (noun) - a feeling of being very sad and having no hope
miserable (adjective) - extremely unhappy
Music has the power to engage all the emotions - from excitement to relaxation, from tears to laughter.
But why does it have such power over us? The clue lies in babies.
The word lullaby has been in English since the Middle Ages. It's one of several, such as rockaby and
hushaby, which show how generations of mothers have helped their children fall asleep through music.
Babies can hear in the w o m b about t w o months before they're born. Newborns prefer their mother's
Glossary
voice to that of a stranger. And they show preferences in music too. One research study played the clue (noun) - a piece of
same tune to a group of mothers every day throughout pregnancy; another group of mothers didn't information that helps you to
hear the tune. When all the babies were born, their heart-rate w a s monitored while the tune was understand something
played to them. Only the 'musical' babies reacted to the tune. longer (adverb) - more time
monitor (verb) - to regularly
There's something special about the music of the voice. From the moment a baby is born, the
check something
mother talks to it in an unusual way. Her voice ascends and descends from very high to very low -
stranger (noun) - someone
almost like singing in speech. A n d infants soon copy. You can hear t h e m trying to sing from around
who you do not know
nine months of age.
Preparing to write
1 Think of a concert you have been to or would like to go
to. Make notes about it. Use the useful phrases below to
help you.
Paragraph 1: Who was the concert given by? Give some
information about the performer.
Paragraph 2: Where did the concert take place? Who was
in the audience? What happened during the concert? How
did you feel?
Paragraph 3: What happened at the end? How did you
feel?
2 Work in pairs and share your ideas.
H- P
Describing a c
» The concert was given by ...
» It was a live / open air / sell-out concert.
• It took place in a stadium / a concert hall / a field.
• The hall was full / p a c k e d / half empty.
• The audience cheered / clapped / shouted.
• The music was brilliant / powerful /moving.
2 Would you enjoy the concert? Why? • I felt excited / moved / happy.
He should write:
Last summer I went to a concert given by Vasco Rossi. He is
one of Italy's most famous rock stars.
Unit 3 Writing
• ' ' 9 .H
Vocabulary * D e c i d e on a time a n d p l a c e to m e e t .
1 Read the definitions and complete the words. In school, before or after the class?
1 a large group of musicians who use In one person's house at the weekend?
instruments to play classical music o In a bar or cafe in the evening?
2 you can listen to live music here c On the phone?
* Decide how long you will meet for.
3 an image of a person or animal, For fifteen minutes?
made of stone, metal or wood s For half an hour?
4 you usually put books on these s S o m e other length of time?
5 a comfortable object to sit on a
* Decide which of these topics you would like to
2 Complete the sentences with the correct word. talk about. Add your own ideas.
1 I used to be angry / tense /frightened of horses. Finding out about each other.
2 Sanna always has a happy face - she's a sad / cheerful / Your taste in art, music or books.
scared person. T h i n g s you used to do in a previous school.
3 I hate exams - they make me anxious / relaxed / sleepy. Feelings that you had this week.
4 As a child I used to feel very miserable / bored / excited S o m e things that y o u did this week.
about going on holiday - it was the best week of the Instructions for using something.
year.
2 Match the words in bold in exercise 1 to 2 Read the text again. Which quotes are
Speaking
the words in the box with similar meanings. the most interesting for you? Choose two
M y hopes & plans
There are two words in the box that you quotes and tell a partner.
don't need.
3 Work in pairs. Choose two of these
awful beautiful clever excellent questions and then discuss them.
handsome smart terrible wealthy • Do you think these children are
well-off wonderful
optimistic or pessimistic about the
future?
• Do children in your country have similar
3 Look at the two extra words. What are hopes?
they synonyms of? • Did you have similar hopes when you
4 Look at your list from exercise 1. Do you were a child?
think your order was different in the past?
How about in the future? Complete the
sentences and then compare with a partner.
When I was younger I probably thought... was
more important.
... will be more important when I'm older.
GROW U P something b a d .
''"Hke N
be super intelligent ^
cCVNj S U f
hope that people * m \ w ? e M * more places w h e r e y o t I ^
baby.
e
^ U r O meets someone and h a s a as0l
Unit 4Functionglobally
Grammar 2 Complete the text using the correct form
of the words given.
I hope to have a lot of money.
The hopes of children
I would like to be super intelligent.
lam looking forward to being older. In a survey of English schoolchildren, researcher Cathie Holden found that,
for their personal future, the majority of boys and girls hope to go / going to
I'm going to be a fun but good teacher.
university or college. They also all hope getting / to get a good job. More boys
are planning to pass / pass their driving test than girls, and more girls are
• use hope, plan, want and would like to
looking forward to have / having children.
talk about future hopes that aren't
definite For their local area, children in the report said they hope for less violence and
fewer poor people. They also said that they would like have i to have more
• use the infinitive after hope, plan, want
parks and places to play. The majority of boys and girls are looking forward
and would like to living / live in a world without wars and an important number of them said
• use look forward to to talk about definite they would like things to get / getting better in the developing world.
future plans
• use be going to to talk about things you
^ ^ G r a m m a r f o c u s - explanation & more
have already decided to do
practice of future tenses on page 138
daV. NO W a r s because my w
ers
a ydUkemv^0 4?
going to be afun but good teac/)e/: 9r
%>y.
^ V
ere
nce.
iwanttobe Wise. Hopes Unit 4
Hopes
Port 2
A profession of h o p e
Speaking and Listening Vocabulary and Pronunciation
1 Study the graph about foreign aid 1 Match the words in the box to the
Vocabulary & Pronunciation
below. Then work in pairs and discuss the definitions below.
Global issues, w o r d questions.
stress disease homelessness hunger
• Does anything about the graph surprise
you? natural disasters pollution poverty war
Grammar
• Do you know any aid organisations?
Future p l a n s & intentions
1 people do not have enough m o n e y
( b e going to, present What are they?
• Have you ever given money to an aid 2 people do not have a place to live
continuous)
organisation? 3 people do not have enough food
4 people are sick
Reading & Speaking • Do you think rich countries should give
5 countries are fighting each other
Pandora's b o x more money in foreign aid?
• Do you know anyone who works for an 6 weather or environmental problems
aid organisation? such as floods (too much water) or
earthquakes (when the earth moves)
2 Cfe 1.48 Listen to two aid workers talking 7 the air, water or land is dirty
about their next job. Put the interviewer's
questions and comments in the correct order. 2 Complete the pronunciation chart with
the words from exercise 1.
How did you become aid workers?
What is the most important thing in O Oo oO Ooo oOo
your job? war natural
So, tell us about yourselves. 1
Thanks for your time. 3 1.49 Listen and check your answers.
What are you going to do there? Then repeat the words.
3 Listen again. What do these words mean
in the listening?
Danish Guatemala
t w o years ago village
Josh Gross and Helle Hansen
are based in Denmark. In terms
of foreign aid, Denmark is one of 4 Would you like to work for an aid
the most generous countries in the organisation? Why?
world. There are many N G O s
(Non-Governmental Organisations)
in Denmark that work on projects in
Latin America and Africa.
0.90 -
This graph shows the percentage of
0.80 -
GNP (Gross National Product) that developed
0.70 - countries give to foreign aid. The grey line shows the
0.60 - average percentage of all OECD countries.
i,' j t 4 Hopes
i
Pandora's box
In Greek mythology, the
< m t-'iH m M m 1 1® m&m im®
A new project
Susana works for a Spanish NGO in Madrid.
The organisation is start a project next
month in Ethiopia. Susana is going for work
with a local women's organisation in the
country. Together they are going to develop
an educational project for pregnant women.
Susana is going to travel to Ethiopia with a
group of doctors. 'I'm a bit nervous, but I've
been to Africa before and I know Ethiopia,'
she says. 'It's going to being a great project.'
Reading
Reading 4 Read the summaries again and decide if
Things wilt g e t w o r s e the sentences refer to 1984, Brave New Worli
1 Which novels do students in your (BNW) or A Handmaid's Tale (HT).
Grammar country usually have to read at school? Did
1 Women won't be able to have children.
Prediction & a b i l i t y you read them?
(will, be able to)
2 Look at the titles below of three famous 2 There'll be only three countries in the
Vocabulary
books that students in many English- world
Phrasal v e r b s w i t h
speaking countries often study. Do you 3 There will be a nuclear disaster
get
know any of these books? 4 We won't have wars
5 Babies will be born in factories
3 1.50 Read and listen to the 6 The government will control people's
summaries and tick (V) the features thoughts
they have in common. 7 Love will be a crime
a The story happens in the future, 8 People won't get sick from disease
b The government controls everything, 5 Look at the sentences in exercise 4. Do
c The story happens in England, you think these things will happen in the
d People are happy. future? Tell a partner.
Useful phrases
•
Things will get worse
• It's possible. • I'm sure ... won't
• I don't think • I'm sure ... will ...
in literature Glossary
dystopia (noun) - imaginary place or situation where everything is very bad
Nineteen Eighty-Four The author: George infertile (adjective) - not physically able to have children
The novel is set in the future, but it is the year Orwell (1903-1950), pollution (noun) - chemicals and other substances that have a harmful effect oi
1984. Winston Smith lives in London, part of the English air, water or land
country Oceania. There are three countries in
revolution (noun) - a situation in which people completely change their
the world: Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia. Big
government or political system
Brother is the leader of Oceania. The government
totalitarian (adjective) - controlling a country and its people in a very strict way
controls everything, even people's thoughts.
Winston works for the government, but he is
getting tired of his boring life. He meets Julia,
) underground resistance (noun) - a secret organisation that fights against the
group that controls their country
another worker, and they fall in love - a crime in
Oceania. The government discovers their secret,
and Winston and Julia must go to the Ministry of Love, a centre for A Handmaid's Tale
enemies of Big Brother.
In the future a revolution replaces the government of the United
States with the totalitarian Republic of Gilead. I
Brave New World Because of pollution and nuclear accidents, S
i
London, 600 years in the future. The Controllers
are the rulers of the world. People don't know
war, poverty, disease or pain. They enjoy leisure
many women are infertile. New laws create
the job of handmaid, a woman who can have
babies for rich families.
£
time, sports and pleasure, but they are not free. This is the story of Offred, a handmaid. Offred
The Controllers create babies in factories. Adults works for Fred, a commander, and his family.
are divided into five social classes, from the She wonders if she can get away, and learns The author:
intelligent alphas to the worker epsilons. about an underground resistance from another Margaret Atwood
When a man from a wild area of the world gets to handmaid. But there isn't much time. If Offred
(1939-), Canadian
London, he criticises the society. In the end, he doesn't get pregnant soon, she knows they
has to choose between joining them or dying. will send her to the dangerous colonies.
Unit 4 Fears
Grammar Vocabulary
1 Look at these phrases with get from the
There will be only three countries in the summaries. Write them next to the correct
world. meanings of get in the table below.
Women won't be able to have children.
1 Winston works for the government, but
• use will and won V to talk about future he is getting tired of his boring life.
predictions 2 When a man from a wild area of the
• use will / won't be able to to talk about world gets to London ...
ability or possibility in the future 3 If Offred doesn't get pregnant soon ...
4 The population gets all their information
from the television.
1 Read the text about Fahrenheit 451.
5 Soon Montag gets interested in the books ..
Complete the summary below by rewriting
the underlined sentences with will / won't or Meaning of get Examples
will/won't be able to.
become getting tired
Fahrenheit 451 receive
arrive
Vocabulary-
Geographical features
Vocabulary Listening
1 Look at the pictures and complete the 1 Look at the film poster on page 49. How|
Listening
words with the correct vowels. does the poster describe the film? What do
An inconvenient truth you think it is about?
2 ll5S?i 1.51 Listen and check your answers
Grammar Then repeat the words. 2 1.52 Listen to people talking about
Future time clauses the film and check your answer.
Speaking
CliMATE 3 Listen again. Are the statements true
Climate change Cl iGEthesi9nsarehere (T) or false (F)?
questionnaire Speaker 1: He saw the film a few years ago.
Speaker 2: She didn't know about global
warming and climate change before she saw
the film.
BS Speaker 3: He liked the film.
Speaker 4: He thinks it's a typical
Hollywood film.
Stronger st_rms and
Speaker 5: She doesn't believe that climate
increased chance of fl_ _ ds
change is happening.
Speaker 6: He thinks it's important for
young people to see it.
4 Have you seen this film? Would you
like to?
m i NEW ZEALAND
Terrified describes how we feel.
l_k_s and r_v_rs _c__ns getting
/ was terrified by the film.
disappearing warmer
Terrifying describes things or situations that
make us feel terrified.
It was a terrifying experience.
We can use this rule for many adjectives:
bored / boring, frightened / frightening,
interested / interesting, surprised / surprising.
Choose the correct words to complete the
dialogues.
1 A: Did you see the film?
B: Yes, I did. It was long, and really bored
/ boring.
Numerous f_r_st Area of d_s_rt A: So, was he angry?
fires increasing B: No. He was very relaxed / relaxing
about the whole thing. I was surprised /
surprising.
A: I'm a bit nervous about the heat this
summer.
B: I know what you mean. It's a worrying /
M: worried situation.
m
Glacial ce melting
- , • - «
Speaking
1 Read the questions below and think about
your answers.
After you see this film, you will think 3 Look at the information in the table and
differently. tell your partner how much carbon they will
If we reduce carbon emissions, we will reduce save if they make these changes.
global warming.
Action Carbon saving
• after future time clauses such as after, Change to energy- 68 kg per year
before, when and //we use a present tense efficient light bulbs
Recycle half of your 1,095 kg
1 Complete the sentences with the present household waste
simple or future simple of the verbs in Walk instead of driving 0.5 kg per km
brackets. Wash your clothes in cold 225 kg per year
1 If we _ (not do) something now, water
we (have) serious problems in Reduce your household 544 kg
the future. waste by 10%
2 If you __ (look) at the ten hottest
Plant a tree 907 kg
years, you (ree) they happened
in the last fourteen years.
3 When this climate change
(happen) I (be) dead.
4 You (think) differently after
you (see) it.
2 Work in pairs and complete the
sentences with your own ideas.
After class finishes ...
I... before the end of this year.
If the weather is good tomorrow ...
When I have enough money ...
Speaking
Work with a new partner and choose one of the tasks
below.
Describing a film
• It's a western / c o m e d y / drama / thriller / musical.
2 Would you like to see
• It's an action film / a horror film / a documentary.
this film? Why?
• It's about ...
• It's had brilliant / g o o d / quite g o o d / poor reviews.
Writing skills: informal style • It stars Marion Cotillard and it's directed by Olivier
Dahan.
1 Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
• The acting / photography is wonderful / poor.
In emails to friends ...
a do not use contractions such as Fm, it'll.
b use informal salutations such as hi, and endings Writing
such as cheers, Work with a new partner. Write an email to your partner
c we can miss out salutations and endings, inviting them to see a film. Describe the film and suggest a
d we must write in paragraphs. time and a place to meet. Then swap your emails and write
2 Laura and Pamela have not used contractions in their replies.
emails. Make 13 changes to the emails.
Unit 4Functionglobally
Global review
Natural disasters People with a lot of Find two different word classes for each of these words.
money heat
pretty
fair
2 close
Speaking
Speaking 2 Work in pairs and discuss these
Jobs
questions.
1 Read the quote about work in the United
Vocabulary • Have you ever been to a job interview?
States.
Work How was it?
C i When you go to work if your name is on • Is there a minimum wage in your
Reading & Speaking the building, you're rich. If your name is on country? What is it?
Profile of a n I n d i a n your desk, you're middle class. If your name • Do you know anyone who works night
call centre w o r k e r is on your shirt, you're poor. J J shifts? What do they do?
Rich Hall, American comedian and writer • What is a good starting salary in your
2 Work in pairs and discuss these opinion?
questions.
• What does this quote say about jobs in Reoding and Speaking
America? 1 Read the introduction to Profile of an
• Is this true in your country? Indian call centre worker on page 55 and
• Look at the jobs in the box. Which ones answer the questions.
would / wouldn't you like? Decide on the 1 Do you know what a call centre worker
top three and the bottom three. does?
builder doctor disc jockey (DJ) 2 Have you ever spoken to one?
journalist lawyer 2 Read the rest of the text. What does she
manager in a fast food restaurant say about...
musician nurse police officer 1 her feelings about the job?
politician security guard shop assistant 2 the hours she works?
teacher waiter 3 the people she talks to?
Vocabulary
1 Read the texts below and replace the You can use both job and work to talk about
underlined words and phrases with words in what someone does to get paid.
Do you like your job / work?
the box. Use your dictionary to help you.
What kind of job / work do you do?
Work is uncountable with this meaning, so
bonus employ hiring interview
you cannot say a work or works.
salary training wages Complete the sentences with job, jobs or work.
Sometimes more than one answer is possible.
1 Rajeshwari has a good .
2 She likes her
3 I have t w o
We give work to 6,000 people and need more
4 Many young people don't have any
We offer a good starting money, plus end-of-
year extra money 5 Do you have a .
English and computer skills needed
necessary or obligatory, Night shifts destroy your life. I don't get home from work
d as an auxiliary in the present perfect, until five in the morning, and I don't sleep until six.
e to talk about actions or experiences.
You have to dress well even though people can't see you. It's a
Language note: we can only use the contracted forms question of self-confidence. People can pick that up from your
voice. And there are 4,000 people in the office to look at you.
of have when it is the auxiliary verb, not when it is a main
or modal verb. There are a lot of Indians living in America and Britain.
Sometimes you talk to people who say 'No English. Hindi?
Hindi?' and you realise you're talking to an Indian, and often
2 Read the sentences w i t h have and insert contractions you get so confused you forget how to
where they are possible. speak Hindi.
1 I have a brother and a sister. I miss my parents. I can't tell them
2 I have never been to a job interview. when I feel upset because they'd
3 We have English class on T h u r s d a y m o r n i n g . come right away to Delhi and
4 I have got a good E n g l i s h dictionary. take me home.
s I have had more than one job in m y life.
6 I have breakfast w i t h m y f a m i l y e v e r y m o r n i n g .
W o r k issues
Listening and Vocabulary STAI?T Somewhere
1 You have to work this Saturday. According to a 2006 survey by the American
2 You can take next Saturday off. Management Institute, 78% of American
3 You mustn't wear jeans to work. companies have rules about email, instant
4 You don't have to wear a jacket and tie. messenger and blog use. Workers
5 You can't send personal messages with use their computers for work, but they
send personal email messages
this computer.
or instant messages. Also, they
6 You must arrive on time.
download programs onto work computers.
a We use have to and must to talk
about rules and things that are necessary.
can don't have to have to
b We use and to say
when something is not allowed,
c We use to say that something Flexitime
is not necessary.
A study of the 68 biggest Australian companies
d We use to say that something
found that 93% offered flexitime hours to their
is possible or allowed. employees. Under flexitime, workers
Language note: modal verbs are followed work a fixed number of hours in a week, but
they start and finish at the same
by an infinitive without to.
time every day. If they come to work earlier, they
leave earlier.
Unit 5 Work
3 Complete the sentences about your job. Speaking
If you do not work, use one of the jobs on
page 54. 1 Read the job characteristics in the box and tick (i/)
the ones which are important to you.
Every day I have to ... at work.
I don't have to... at work.
What's Important for you in a job?
At work, t can usually...
You earn a lot of mone
I can't... at work.
You don't have to wear a uniform.
Grammar focus - explanation & more Your work Is interesting.
practice of modal verbs on p a g e 1 4 0
You can work flexible hours (you can start and finish when you like).
You can take regular breaks.
Pronunciation You have to work with the public.
1 O 1.67 Listen to the pairs of sentences. You can be your own boss.
Can you hear the differences? You can work close to home.
t You can't wear that. You don't have to work on Saturdays or Sundays.
You can wear that. You have job security (you don't have to worry you will lose your job).
2 She can't come to class today.
She can come to class today. 2 Work in pairs and share your ideas. Decide on the five
J You must use your books. most important characteristics of a job.
You mustn't use your books.
A: For me, the most important things in a job are ...
Language note: in British English, can't B: OK. For me, the most important things are ...
is pronounced /kaint/. A: What do you think the top five are?
B: I think...
2 "s 1.68 Listen and circle the word you 3 Work with another pair and compare your lists.
hear. Then practise saying the sentences. Do you agree? Make a new list of the five most
1 Workers mustn't /must use the important characteristics.
computers on the first floor.
2 You can't /can take your lunch break at
two o'clock.
3 I really must / ruustn't answer emails What do you think is the most important?
more quickly. I think that ... is more important than ...
What about you?
I disagree. I think ... is more important.
I agree. Let's put it on the list.
Part 3
Vocabulary
Leisure time on an average day Complete the sentences with the correct
form of play.
Other leisure activities Watching TV 1 He is an excellent football
(29 minutes) (2.6 hours)
2 I computer games until very late
Playing games: using last night.
computer for leisure
3 She is a very. .child.
(19 minutes)
Sports, exercise,
recreation
(17 minutes)
Reading
(22 minutes)
Total leisure and
Socializing and communicating
sports time=
(46 minutes)
5.1 hours
NOTE: Data include all persons age 15 and over. Data include all days of the week and
are annual averages for 2006.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Unit 5 Leisure
Robert Macarthur
The Serious Leisure
Perspective
Uuckplonet
Origins of the
perspective - 1 9 7 4
Robert Stebbins -
University of Calgary
'M>ww a j j a ob
Casual leisure and
I k r l l H serious leisure
Grammar Pronunciation
1 Look at sentences 1-3 and answer the 1 1.70 Listen and repeat the sentences.
questions a-c below. Pay attention to the underlined sounds.
1 Watchmg television is casual leisure. What is the most common spelling of /]]/?
2 He's good at swimmOTg\ 1 Relaxing and watching T V are my
3 People enjoy d o i n g leisure activities. favourite things.
2 I think English is a difficult language.
a What is the subject in sentence 1?
3 No thanks, I'm stopping smoking.
Replace the subject with another activity
from the listening, 2 Work in pairs. Read your sentences
b What kind of word comes before the -ing from grammar exercise 3 to each other. Pay
form in sentence 2? attention to the /rj/ sound.
c What other verbs can go before the -ing
form in sentence 3 ? Writing
2 Write the -ing form of the verbs in the 1 Choose one of the activities in the box
box. Then put them into three groups below and write a short paragraph about it.
according to their spelling.
• an activity you enjoy doing
cut cycle do make play • an activity you used to do but stopped
run smoke stop swim doing
take watch work
• a sport you like watching
• something you aren't very good at
doing
3 Complete these sentences with y o u r own • an activity you hate doing
ideas using the -ing form. T h e n work in
pairs and share your ideas.
2 Work in pairs. Swap papers and write two
...is very relaxing. questions about your partner's activity. Then
I'm not very interested in ... return the papers.
I'm good at...
I don't enjoy ... alone.
3 Read your partner's questions and
rewrite the paragraph. Include the original
Some people find ... a lot of fun, but I think it's
information and the answers to your
boring.
partner's questions.
^ G r a m m a r focus - explanation & more
practice of -ing forms on page 1 4 0
Leisure Unit 5
Leisure
Part <
Reading
Ten facts a b o u t . . .
Reading
amusement parks 1 Look at the two pictures. Do you like
either of these things?
Grammar
T h e f i r s t roller c o a s t e r w a s i n v e n t e d in R u s s i a in t h e 1 6 0 0 s . P e o p l e w e n t
d o w n s n o w y hills o n b l o c k s o f ice.
M o d e r n a m u s e m e n t p a r k s u s u a l l y h a v e r i d e s , roller c o a s t e r s a n d e a t i n g
a r e a s . T h e r e is o f t e n a c o m m o n t h e m e t o m a k e v i s i t o r s f e e l as if t h e y a r e
Pronunciation in a d i f f e r e n t w o r l d .
1 Put the past p a r t i c i p l e s i n t h e b o x i n t o A m u s e m e n t parks are big business. In t h e United States alone,
four groups d e p e n d i n g o n t h e i r s o u n d . a m u s e m e n t parks m a k e an annual profit of $11 billion. M o r e than 3 0 %
of A m e r i c a n s have b e e n to an a m u s e m e n t park.
been bought brought come
done driven eaten forgotten Walt Disney created the first Disney t h e m e park, an a m u s e m e n t
ridden seen swum taught won p a r k w i t h s e v e r a l s e c t i o n s , in 1 9 5 5 in C a l i f o r n i a , US. T h e D i s n e y
Corporation has built eleven Disney t h e m e parks around the
hnl Mm/ or /An/ / o:t/ /i:n/ world.
2 Kt 1.71 L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r a n s w e r s .
T h e most popular a m u s e m e n t park in the world is Walt
Then repeat the w o r d s .
Disney World in Florida.
Speaking T h e m o s t p o p u l a r p a r k o u t s i d e t h e U S is D i s n e y l a n d in
1 0 1 . 7 2 Listen to t h e s t r e s s a n d T o k y o . F o u r of t h e t o p t e n a m u s e m e n t p a r k s are in
intonation in this q u e s t i o n . Asia.
.. be to a water park?
Did you like it? What? When?
Where? Who with? Why? Why not? ... visit a zoo?
Leisure Unit 5
Business meeting J o b interview Parent-teacher meeting Residents' association
meeting
There's an old saying in English: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Or Jill. Psychologists tell
us we need a balance between work and play to have a healthy lifestyle. A n d it is the
same for language. Glossary
One of the most noticeable features of work language is the technical vocabulary, or carelessly (adverb) - without thinking
about what you are doing, so that you
5 jargon, that people use. Outsiders w o n ' t understand it. A doctor might look at the face of
cause problems or damage
someone who's had a fall and say to a colleague T h a t ' s a nasty perorbital haematoma'.
dull (adjective) - boring
If you were the patient, and heard this remark, you might be worried. But basically all it
mislead (verb) - to make someone believe
means is you've got a black eye.
something that is incorrect or not true
Every profession has its jargon - law, banking, sport, physics, language teaching ... outsider (noun) - someone who does not
10 Thousands of specialised terms might be used. They a d d precision. A n d they also make belong to a group or organisation
people feel they belong together. You know you're a member of a group when you can talk shop (verb) - to talk about your work,
comfortably talk shop. especially in a way that is boring for other
people
Jargon also saves time. That's why d o c t o r s say such things as BP and SOB (blood
pressure, shortness of breath). It's quick and convenient.
Work Expereince
(6) —
Travelling, understanding other cultures, football • IT literate (Word, Excel, Powerpoint)
• French: fluent / intermediate / elementary
(7)
• Current driving licence • Basic first aid
Mr Firas Al-Jabali, Head of Information Services, Jordan Telecom
Dr Omar Yassin, Head of Management Information Systems,
Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
Writing
Write your CV. Use your notes and the useful phrases to
help you.
Unit 5 Writing
3 f «
ttllfll
Global review Study skills
a roller c o a s t e r
Speaking play chess
a ride i l l (verb + noun U)
1 Work in small groups. Think of three leisure activities an a m u s e m e n t parl<
you enjoy and mime them. The others try to guess the e.g. Disneyland
activities. a t h e m e park
A: I think you like playing tennis.
B: Yes, that's right. / No, that's not right. 3 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
2 Work in small groups. Talk about a job you do or would • Which method do you prefer?
like to do. • How can the different ways help?
• Talk about the things you have to do. • If you record words in a different way, why is that?
• Talk about the good and bad parts of the job. 4 This week try recording vocabulary in a different way.
How will you do it?
A
According to researchers, there are three things which make
ke people happy: i
1 Having close relationships with people - family and friends."
ids. The closer J
and deeper the relationships are, the better for your happiness.
piness. M
2 Believing in something. This could be religion, a spiritualI ioutlook or a
special philosophy in life.
3 Having objectives that you find enjoyable and interesting.
This means that your life has a purpose.
Unit 6 Science
Grammar Pronunciation and Reading
Lots of money doesn't make you happier. 1 2,01 Listen to the words and
People with close family relationships were phrases. How are the underlined sounds
more satisfied than people with no family. pronounced?
People said they lived better in warm
fitter happier more productive
countries.
comfortable regular exercise
• use comparative adjectives to compare patient better driver
two people or objects
• use adjective + er for short adjectives
2 Listen again and repeat the words.
and more + adjective for longer
adjectives 3 The words in exercise 1 come from a
• use comparative adverbs to compare song by the English rock group Radiohead.
two actions Work in pairs. A: read the first line of the
song. B: read the second line. Pay attention
to the underlined schwa sounds.
Complete the texts with the comparative
form of the adjectives in brackets. 4 T h e songwriter said that this song is
about people in Britain in the 90s. Do you
think he liked the 90s? Would you say the
same about your country in the 90s?
Scientists say that h a p p y p e o p l e are
(healthy) t h a n u n h a p p y people.
They also live (long) a n d
(good) lives a n d are Fitter Happier
(fit). One study f o u n d t h a t
Fitter, happier, more productive
(happy) people live u p t o nine years
longer. Comfortable
Science Unit 6
Science
Part 2
Someone has to do it
Speaking and Listening 3 <©» 2.02-2.03 Listen to two people
talking about their jobs. Which two jobs do
1 Work in pairs. Look at pictures a-c and they talk about?
Grammar
discuss what you think the jobs are.
Comparatives (a bit,
4 Listen again and choose the correct
much, as ... as) 2 Read the text below and match the jobs answers.
to the pictures. Then discuss what you think
Vocabulary these people do in their jobs. 1 Speaker 1 stayed in bed for ...
N o u n formation a the summer, b 50 days,
c 15 days.
Reading & Speaking 2 They paid speaker 1 ...
Frankenstein a $6,000. b $600. c $60,000.
3 Speaker 2 thinks her work ...
a is disgusting, b is interesting,
c is boring.
4 Speaker 2 is finishing a project on ...
a office rubbish, b restaurant rubbish,
c office and restaurant rubbish.
Garbologist - studies rubbish 5 Do you think these jobs are bad?
Which is the worst, in your opinion?
Forensic entomologist - studies
insects in the bodies of dead people Grammar
Gravity research subject -
participates in experiments to study Office rubbish is less disgusting than
the effects of zero gravity on the restaurant rubbish.
human body It's not as bad as you think.
It's a bit more difficult than that.
She works much faster than him.
L a n g u a g e n o t e : garbage is American
English and rubbish is British English.
• use less + adjective to mean not as much
• use {not) as + adjective + as to make
comparisons
• use as + adjective + as to say that two
things are the same
• dirty • experiments for space travel • use a bit or ?nuch to modify comparative
• flies • gloves adjectives and adverbs
• rubbish • turns around and around
1 Read the sentences from the listening
and choose the alternative that is closest in
meaning.
• Maybe h e / she ... 1 Office garbage is much less disgusting
• It looks like he / she works in ... than restaurant garbage.
• He / s h e probably ... a Restaurant garbage is much more
• This looks ... disgusting than office garbage,
b Office garbage is much more
disgusting than restaurant garbage.
2 My job isn't as bad as people think.
a My job is worse than people think,
b My job is better than people think.
Unit 6 Science
2 Complete the sentences with your own Reading and Speaking
ideas.
1 0*0 2.04 Read and listen to the
I speak English a bit better now than ... extract from the book Frankenstein.
The weather today is a bit less ... than ... What was the problem with the science
English is a bit easier than ... experiment?
I think ... is much more ... than ...
2 Work in pairs and discuss this
I don't believe ... is as ... as people say.
question.
3 Work in two groups. Group A: turn to • One of the themes of Frankenstein,
127. Group B: turn to page 129. and of many science fiction stories,
is dangerous knowledge. Do you
© Grammar focus - explanation & more
practice of comparatives on page 142 think scientific knowledge can be
dangerous? Think of some examples.
Vocabulary Mary Shelley (1797-1851)
w a s an English romantic
1 Match each word to a suffix to make a
novelist. She is best known for
new noun.
the novel Frankenstein, which
Word Suffix New noun
she wrote when she was 19
happy -ist happiness
years old. S o m e critics have
science -er
called her the first English
relation -ence
science fiction author.
exist -ness
research -ship
NASA
My wife Karen is a {research).
She won a - (scholar) from NASA
to research a special project. She is studying
the possible {exist) of life on other
planets. She loves the work, except for the
(lonely). She works alone in a little
office. She listens in complete
(silent) for unusual radio signals from space. The man's skin was wrinkled and
yellow. His eyes were yellow and Frankenstein
M a r y Shelley
Monster! _ iy|
Science Unit 6
Part 3
Vocabulary
Compound nouns Vocabulary Grammar
1 Look at the photo. How many of the
Reading
things can you name in English? Online auctions are among the biggest
Going, going, gene businesses on the internet.
2 Match the words in A to the words in B Of all the online auction sites, eBay is p?'obabl]
Grammar to make compound nouns. Which things the most famous.
Superlatives can you see in the picture? It is one of the most popular websites I've
A B heard o f .
Listening & Speaking
computer phones
Website addresses • use superlative adjectives to compare
head top
two or more people or objects
key site
• use adjective + est for short adjectives
lap screen
and the most + adjective for longer
memory board
adjectives
mobile message
• we often use superlatives with the
mouse stick-
present perfect tense
text phone
web pad
1 Complete the sentences with the correct!
3 <Sib 2.05 Listen and repeat the words. word.
Underline the stress in each compound
1 Online auctions are popular because you
noun. Which one is different?
can find the strangest /stranger things there.
2 Many things online are the cheapest /
Reading cheaper than the same things in a shop.
1 Work in pairs and ask each other the 3 I prefer buying from shops because I
questions. think it's the safest /safer than buying on
• Do you use the internet often? What for? the internet.
• Which websites do you often visit? 4 I think online shopping is the best / better
way to get things.
2 You are going to read about online 5 The founder of eBay is one of the richest /J
auctions. Tick (t/) the words you think you richer men in America.
will see.
2 Complete the sentences with the
businessman buy dangerous superlative form of the adjectives.
expensive global internet 1 What's (long) time you've ever
jet kidney river sell spent on the internet?
2 Who's (funny) person you've
3 2.06 Read and listen to Going, going, ever spent time with?
gone on page 71 and check your answers. 3 What's (cold) place you've ever
been to?
4 Read the text again and answer the
What's - (strange) thing you've
questions.
ever eaten?
What do people do in online auctions?
What's - (good) film you've ever
How many people use eBay?
seen?
Name five unusual things that people
have sold or tried to sell on eBay. 3 Work in pairs. Choose t h r e e of the
questions from exercise 2 and ask each other.
5 Have you ever bought or sold anything
on the internet? Would you buy anything in G r a m m a r focus - explanation & more
an online auction? practice of superlative; on page 142
Unit 6 Technology
Going, going, c
Online a u c t i o n s a n d t h e e B a y p h e n o m e n o n
Online auctions are among the biggest businesses
on the internet. These are sites that use the technology
m m of the internet to allow people to buy things from each
other. People can buy and sell almost anything online now.
Of all these online auction sites, eBay is probably the most
famous. Let's look at the numbers.
f 241,000,000 +
Ten years after eBay started in 1995 there were more than
241 million registered users, making it one of the most popular
websites on the planet.
£1.81
Many people have trie-J to sell fake items or silly things online. One
man tried to sell the internet for a million dollars. Nobody wanted it.
Another person tried to sell the meaning of life. It sold for £1.81.
$4.9 million
j
One of the most expensive items sold on eBay was a Guifstream II
private business jet for $4.9 million. One of the largest items ever
sold was a World War II submarine. It was sold by a small town in
New England that decided it did not need it any more.
Listening and Speaking
50,000
l O 2.07 Listen and write the email and
website addresses you hear. Which of these In 2004 a 50,000-year-old mammoth appeared on eBay. The
websites do you know? Dutch owner of the animal sold it for £61,000. It was one of the
most unusual things sold on eBay.
1999
dot
1 slash People have tried to sell all sorts of human body parts on
at the internet, in 1999 a human kidney went on sale on
learn_English learn underscore English eBay. The website cancelled the auction and stops any
learn-English learn dash English
auctions that aren't ethical,
2 W ritefivewebsite or email addresses that Glossary
you bow - they can be real or invented. ethical (adjective) - something that people consider to be right
fake (adjective) - made to look like something else
3 Work in pairs and read the addresses to
each other. Write the addresses as you listen. mammoth (noun) - an animal similar to an elephant with long
hair that lived a very long time ago
submarine (noun) - a ship that can travel under the water
Technolo
Part 4
Computer problems
Speaking and Listening
( 1 Read the quotes about computers below.
Vocabulary & Pronunciation Work in pairs and tell each other if you
Here are some common ways of saying yes.
Phrasal verbs, sentence agree with them and why.
Yep and yeah are informal ways of saying
stress yes.
Computers are useless. Definitely is a stronger way of saying yes.
Grammar
They can only give you answers. That's right is used instead of yes to respond
Phrasal verbs & objects Pablo Picasso, Spanish artist to a question or statement.
I do not fear computers. I fear the lack of them. I'm afraid so is used when you think the
Reading & Speaking
Isaac Asimov, American science fictio?i writer person hopes you will say no.
The Luddites
Think? Why think? We have computers to do 1 Look at the audioscript on page 155. Find
that for us. an example of each way of saying yes.
Jean Rostand, French scientist and philosopher 2 Write five questions to ask your partner.
Computers are like dogs. They smell fear. You want them to answer yes.
Simon Alexander, American comedian 3 Work in pairs and ask each other the
questions. Answer in different ways.
Technology Unit 6
Warm up Language focus: finding things in
1 Look at the pictures of four situations. Work in pairs common
and describe the similarities and differences between them. Look at the highlighted expressions in the audioscript on
page 155. Then complete the rules with so, too or neither.
Useful language We use so / neither when we have something in common.
1
chatting • diary Use + auxiliary + I for affirmative statements.
' laptop • in an airport Use + auxiliary + I for negative statements.
• on a train • suit
We also use me + too / neither.
Use me + for affirmative statements.
Use me + — for negative statements.
• I think they are on a train.
L a n g u a g e n o t e : when w e don't have something in
• They look like friends / colleagues / strangers.
c o m m o n , we can respond with the short form.
2 What do you think the people in each picture are A: I am from Scotland. B: I'm not.
talking about? Choose one of the pictures and write a short A: I live in the city centre. B: I don't.
conversation. Then present your conversation to another
A: I've never been to an art gallery. B: / have.
pair.
Listening Speaking
1 2,15 Listen to a conversation between two people 1 Look at the topics in the box. Write five true sentences
in a taxi. Where are they going? What happens at the end? about yourself. Use the phrases to help you.
2 Listen again and tick (V) the things they have in Topic Phrases
common.
You & your family 1 live with ... I'm married / single ...
1 They are both going to the Technology Conference. Food & drink 1 like / d o n ' t like ... 1 don't eat / drink ...
2 They have both been to San Francisco before. 1 have / haven't read / seen ... 1 listen
Art & music
3 They are both from Germany. to ... 1 don't like ...
4 They both went to school in England. Hopes & fears I'm planning to ... I'm afraid o f . . .
5 They both work for ABT Technology. Work & leisure 1 work in ... In my free time 1 ...
6 They have both been to conferences before.
2 Work in pairs. A: tell your partner about yourself.
7 They are both staying at the conference hotel.
B: respond. Find three things you have in common.
Use the new expressions you have learnt.
2 Why are these advances important or useful? I think the most important technological advance - well for me
Complete the sentence for each of the advances above. personally recently has been a hard disk recorder for recording
I think the ... is important / useful because ... TV programmes [says his opinion]
1 it means I can record everything very easily [gives a
Listening reason]
2 I can see exactly what I have recorded by looking at
1 O 2.16—2, Listen to seven people talking about
everything on the screen [adds another reason]
technological advances. Which advance from exercise 1 is
each person talking about? 3 I don't have to find lots of video tapes and different
things like that [adds more information]
1 Honor, England Maxim, Russia 4 it is m u c h easier now to record TV programmes
2 Arthur, France Starla, England than it w a s in the past [explains a consequence]
! Sara, Italy W l l i a m , Ghana 5 because of digital television w e have lots more
4 Antonis, G r e e c e programmes to choose from [adds another reason]
6 there's m u c h more variety and choice
2 Listen again. W h i c h s p e a k e r s
[explains a consequence]
give reasons for their c h o i c e ?
7 that means you need to record even more
What reasons do t h e y g i v e ?
programmes than in the past, [explains a consequence]
Speaking
1 What is the most important or useful technological
advance? W h y do you think so? Make a few notes.
Reading 2 Change the third paragraph in the same way. Use some
of the useful phrases below to help you. Remember to use
1 Read Mohammed's essay on The advantages and commas.
disadvantages of the internet. Does he think there are more
advantages or disadvantages?
Preparing to write
1 Work in pairs and choose one of the topics below,
1 Look at a corrected version 4 Think about what you will write in the last paragraph.
of the second paragraph What is your conclusion? Are there more advantages or
of Mohammed's essay. disadvantages? Why?
V\Tiat is different?
Writing
Write the essay. Use your notes and the useful phrases
below to help you. Write four paragraphs:
a introduction, b advantages, c disadvantages, d conclusion.
Introducing advammi
• There are several advantages / disadvantages of...
• However, there are also some / certain disadvantages.
• One of the main advantages / disadvantages is ...
Unit 6 Writing
review
*H
sprifidhen 3
7 the state of being happy 3 Write one true sentence about yourself or your life
shipspane using a comparative structure and one using a superlative
8 a person who does a study to find new information structure.
screeherra 1
Speaking
; ;
: y V:: :: ^ :; v -
2
1 Work in pairs and find three differences between the 4 Work in pairs and read out your sentences. Ask
items below. Which do you prefer and why? questions to find out more information from your
• emails and text messages partner.
• laptop computers and desktop computers
• mobile phones and landlines Remember to write sentences personalising new
language when you record it in your vocabulary
2 Work in pairs. A: your partner has never seen one of the notebook or grammar notes.
items below. Describe it and explain how it works. Then
swap roles and repeat.
• a computer
• a printer
Present perfect w i t h
Reading
for & since
1 Work in pairs and discuss the questions,
• How many time zones are there in your
country?
• Can you name a country where it is the
middle of the night right now?
• Can you name a country that is one day
behind you right now?
2 *'?J> 2.24 Read and listen to A brief
history of time zones on page 79. Are these
statements true (T) or false (F)}
2 Here are three other time numbers. Can 1 Time zones have existed for 500 years.
you make more puzzle items with them? 2 Greenwich Mean Time and Coordinated
Universal Time are the same thing.
60 12 52 3 China has always had the same number
3 Complete the rules with the expressions of time zones.
in the box. 4 Jet lag makes you tired.
5 There is only one internet time.
dates (4th October, 12th March) specific times (6 o'clock, eight-thirty)
seasons (summer, spring) years (1999, 2005) 3 Work in pairs and choose one of the
tasks below.
Use in with months (February, December),
A Choose three pieces of information
times of the day (the afternoon, the evening),
from the text that you think are the most
and
interesting. Compare with your partner.
Use on with days (Monday, Friday) and
B Discuss the questions.
Use at with and certain time • Have you visited a place with a
expressions (the weekend, night). different time zone? Where? When?
4 Choose five questions and write • Have you ever had jet lag?
your answers on a piece of paper. Use a • Do you know any good ways to avoid
preposition + a time expression. jet lag?
What's the best time to ...
• go on holiday?
• wake up on a day when you aren't
working?
• do homework or study?
• visit your home town?
• watch television for films or series?
• get married in your country?
• do exercise?
Unit 7 Time
A brief history
0
time
zones
he idea of time zones has not existed for
pie used to measure time using the shadow
Grammar /ears, each country used its own time,
ised to be very different from one place to
19th century people began to travel more,
We have had standard time for less than 200 confusion about times. Countries needed a
years. le. In 1884 members from 27 countries met
d create a system of time zones. The world
Greenwich internet time has existed since
system for less than 200 years.
2000.
JlF fr;
2 Complete the sentences with the present perfect and for or since. f I M ! i M ! i I : F
(live) in this town ten years.
(study) English I was twelve years old.
(be) in class eight o'clock.
(know) the teacher two years.
(have) my watch my twentieth birthday.
(know) my oldest friend we were at primary school together.
3 Complete the sentences with your own ideas and compare with a partner.
Q Grammar focus - explanation & more practice of for & since on page 144
Time Unit 7
& Money
Part 2
Listening
Vocabulary
Time expressions
Vocabulary
1 Match the phrases in bold to the pictures. 1 2.25 Listen to a talk about the
listening
Which ones do you think are funny? concept of time in English. Finish the
The concept of time
1 I think he spends too much time in sentence to summarise the main point
front of the television. of the talk.
Pronunciation
2 It looks like Tom's worked overtime Time is ...
/at/ & /ei/, sentence
again.
stress 2 2.26 Match 1-4 to a-d to make
3 Well, it saves time in the mornings!
sentences. Then listen and check your
Speaking 4 Have you ever thought this job is a waste
answers.
Time saving inventions of time?
5 Advantage # 1 : lots o f free time. 1 The concept of time in the English
Reading & Speaking language ...
2 Look at the words and phrases in bold. 2 You can spend time and money ...
A Tale of Two Cities
What are they in your language? 3 You can give someone your time,...
4 We can convert time into money ...
a and money into time,
b is connected to money,
c just like you can give them money,
d or save it.
3 Are there similar expressions for time
your language?
Pronunciation
1 2,27 Listen and repeat the sounds
and words.
/ai/, time /ei/, save
2 0 2.28 Listen and tick ( • ) the word
that has a different sound. Listen again and
repeat the words.
l fly gym why eye
2 time smile life machine
3 mobile might friend height
4 save waste mail money
5 great break meat paper
3 Look at the words in exercise 2. What a
some common spellings for /ai/ and /ei/?
Unit 7 Time
Speaking
1 Work in pairs and choose the five most
important inventions from the list. Then
rank them from 1 (most important) to 5
(least important).
•Ithink...
•Why do you think so?
•Because ... used to take a very long time.
•I agree/ disagree.
Glossary
foolishness (noun) - stupid behaviour
2 Compare your list with another pair.
wisdom (noun) - knowledge and experience
Do you agree?
Time Unit 7
m oney
Part 3
Vocabulary
Unit 7 Money
A lifetime of
financial
As we get older our money concerns
change, but they don't go away...
The G U P couple
3 Kt 2.33 Read and listen to the poem 'Our f r i e n d s o f t e n ask us: " H a v e y o u b o u g h t a place
below. y e t ? " Well, w e ' v e already visited three b a n k s
* a n d n o n e of t h e m w a n t t o help us. It's
4 Work in pairs. I p m * crazy, h o u s e s are so e x p e n s i v e here.
Read the poem, More work, IV |i W e ' r e t h i n k i n g of living o u t s i d e t h e
one line each at Less fun. •0 %•* c i t y centre, b u t t h a t m e a n s w e have t o
atime c o m m u t e a n d w e d o n ' t really w a n t that.'
' More money.
More buying.
More fun. Inheritance
Speaking
Describing pictures
Speaking
Look at the pictures of people meeting
at a bank. Work in pairs and describe the
A different k i n d of b a n k similarities and differences between them.
fff&HU
Speaking
A bank loan
Useful language m d m j i r ™
Mi
• formal clothes • group of w o m e n ^lirX—
• married couple • modern office
• outside • traditional clothes
%
flHH m ft - H
Useful phrases
In this picture ... but in this picture ...
In this picture they are wearing ... but in this
one they are wearing ...
This picture was probably taken in ... while
this one w a s taken ...
Reading
1 O 2.34 Read and listen to A different
kind of bank. Find two differences between a
Grameen Bank and a normal bank.
This is not
charity. This is
business: business with
a social objective, which
is to help people get out of
pove
The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh is very different from a normal
Muhammad Yunus
bank. In the w o r d s of its founder, M u h a m m a d Yunus,
In other words, if y o u have little or nothing, you get nothing.' The Grameen
Bank system w o r k s o n t h e principle that t h e person w h o has nothing is t h e first
person w h o should get a loan from the bank.
The bank w a s started as a project in 1976 by Yunus. It gives people very small
loans, called microcredit. In 1983 t h e Grameen Bank Project b e c a m e an independent
institution and the bank is n o w o w n e d by its borrowers. There are more than seven
million people w h o borrow from t h e Grameen Bank and 9 7 % of t h e m are w o m e n . It has
more than 2,000 branches covering 79,000 villages. In normal banks, people g o to the bank
for a loan. In Grameen banks, the bank workers g o and visit people in the villages. The bank
often lends money t o g r o u p s of w o m e n t o start their o w n small businesses.
The Grameen bank system w o r k s very well in Bangladesh.
Glossary
Borrowers pay back more than 9 8 % of t h e loans, a n d the
bank has made a profit almost every year. It uses its profits to branch (noun) - an office representing a large company
help with natural disasters. charity (noun) - an organisation that gives money and help to people who needUl
In 2006 t h e Nobel c o m m i t t e e gave M o h a m m a d Yunus t h e founder (noun) - someone who starts an organisation
Nobel Peace Prize for his w o r k w i t h t h e bank. poverty (noun) - a situation where people do not have enough money to pay tor I
basic needs
B Unit 7 Money
2 Read the text again and choose the Speaking
correct answer.
1 Read the situation below.
1 The Grameen Bank thinks that ... should
get loans first. Situation
a rich people b people with nothing
The bank has lent your learning institution €12,000 to modernise the facilities.
c women
The director has asked you for suggestions on how to spend the money. What
2 It lends... to people,
does your institution need?
a small amounts of money
b large amounts of money
c no money 2 Work in small groups and discuss what
3 Most of the people who borrow from the you are going to buy. Remember that your
bank are ... budget is €12,000. Write down your final
a women. b poor, list of items.
c both women and poor. Computers
4 Grameen Bank workers meet the 3 Present your plan to another group.
€1,000 each
borrowers ... Give reasons for your decisions.
Electronic whiteboards
a in their offices, b in the capital city,
€1,000 each
c in their villages, Useful ph
s The bank gets back ... of the money it Food and drink machine for
lends. • We need ... students
a a bit b almost all c all • We don't need ... €2,500
• ... is more important than ... because ... Modern desks and chairs
3 What do you think of the Grameen bank?
• I don't think ... is as important as ... € 1,500 per classroom
Is it a good idea? because ...
Nice chairs for the teachers
• I don't think ... is very important because
€150 each
• We have decided to spend ... on ...
because ... Painting and decoration
€400 per classroom
If we borrow something from someone, they
Televisions with DVD
give it to us and we agree to give it back.
players
I need to borrow some money from the bank.
If wetendsomething to someone, we give it €400 each
to them and they agree to give it back to us.
The bank is going to lend me some money.
Complete the sentences with the correct
form of borrow or lend.
1 My pen isn't working. Can I _ _ _ _ _
yours?
2 She him two thousand euros for
the car. He hasn't paid it back yet.
3 I don't have enough money for the bus.
Could you me some?
4 We didn't have enough chairs, so we
some from the neighbour.
m m ?
2 Which market could you see in your country? 2 45f 2.38 Listen and check your answers. Then listen and
repeat the phrases.
Listening
Speaking
1 <Qr 2.35-2.37 Listen to three conversations. Match each
one to a photo. Work in pairs and choose one of the tasks below.
2 Listen again and answer the questions. A Choose one of the markets and roleplay a conversation.
Conversation 1: What does the man want? Use the new expressions you have learnt.
How much is the final price? B Choose three things (eg your book, your pencil, your
Conversation 2: What does the woman buy? phone). You are going to try and sell them to your partner.
Conversation 3: What does the woman want? Decide a price for each thing.
W h y is she sad at the end?
Try and sell your things to your partner. Use the new
expressions you have learnt.
Unit10Function globally
The English language and the
Global English number four by David Crystal
feiife. J f e l f e MMrimr
If there's a number you should remember when thinking about Timeline of the English Language
the way the English language has changed o v e r t i m e , it is the
449 AD
number four.
The first boats carrying Angles, Saxons and Jutes from the
5 north of Europe arrived in several parts of the British Isles in
449 AD. The different dialects they s p o k e gave us the earliest
form of English - Old English, or Anglo-Saxon. Exactly 400
years later, King Alfred 'the Great' was born. He is especially
famous in the history of English, because it was thanks to his
10 planning that Old English literature survived.
7 8 7 A D V i k i n g raids began in England -
In 1400, Chaucer died, leaving us the literary highlight of
Scandinavian influence on English names for
Middle English, The Canterbury Tales. Soon after, a major people and places
sound change began which affected many English vowel
sounds. This 'Great Vowel Shift' is the main reason that 849 AD
'5 Chaucer's language sounds so different from the English w e
use today. 1 0 6 6 N o r m a n invasion of England. The
French language influences English in many ways.
In 1600, when Shakespeare was writing, roughly 4 million
people spoke English in Britain. Today, around 400 years
1400
later, 400 million people
20 speak English as a Glossary 1400s-1500s -
mother-tongue, and four Angle, Saxon, Jute (noun) - the names
times as many speak it of Germanic peoples who lived in 1 4 7 6 First printing press
as a second or foreign England
invented in England. Standard
language. dialect (noun) - a way of speaking a writing system starts to
language that is used only in a particular develop.
area or by a particular group
shift (noun) - a change in something 1600
b As a result of this, we save time but end up filling it with • It is my opinion / view t h a t . . .
other things.
c It is certainly true that for many people, especially in big Writing
cities, life today is too fast.
Write your essay. Use your notes and the useful phrases to
3 Do you agree with Tayse's opinions? help you.
Unit 7 Writing
Global review
* D e c i d e w h a t is m o s t i m p o r t a n t .
Speaking
* M a k e a w o r k p l a n a n d f o l l o w it.
1 Work in groups of three. T a l k a b o u t y o u r s e l v e s u s i n g for * D o n ' t w a s t e t i m e t h i n k i n g a b o u t w o r k - d o it
and since and try to find t h r e e t h i n g s t h a t a r e t h e s a m e f o r straight away!
all of you.
I've known Maria for three years.
2 M a k e a study plan for next week. U s e your answers to
I've had my watch since January. e x e r c i s e 1 a n d t h e T o p tips to h e l p y o u .
WeVe all studied English for two years.
• What will you do?
2 Work in groups of t h r e e a n d discuss y o u r E n g l i s h • When will you do it?
classes. Find three things y o u ' v e a l r e a d y s t u d i e d , a n d t h r e e
things you haven't studied y e t .
HfeVe already studied the present perfect.
We haven't practised writing letters yet.
Speaking
A t o u r of y o u r h o m e Speaking Listening
Draw an outline of the rooms in your house I Look at the pictures of three famous
Pronunciation
or flat. Then work in pairs and take your homes. Where are they? Who do you think
/h/ lived there? Use the words in the box to
partner on a tour of your home.
help you guess.
Listening *
Famous homes
castle Dracula film set ghost
• balcony • bathroom haunted prince prisoner tower
Grammar
• bedroom • dining room
Passive voice
• front door • hall
9
2 2.41-2.43 Listen to people talking
• kitchen living room
Reading & Writing about these homes and check your answers.
B r a m Stoker's • study • toilet
Dracula 3 Listen again. Are the statements true (I)
or false (F)?
Conversation 1:
• This is the ... ' Over here there's a a The tower was built more than 900 years
ago.
b The young princes were put in the tower
Pronunciation by their uncle Richard III.
1 45* 2.39 Listen and repeat the sound and Conversation 2:
the word. a The house was used in a film,
/h/, home b The house is never open.
2 2.40 Listen to the sentences. Conversation 3:
a The castle is still occupied by the
Underline the words with the /h/ sound.
government,
Home is where ... the heart is.
b Dracula never saw the castle.
happy memories are.
you hang your hat. 4 Are there any famous homes in your
town? Where are they? Who lived there?
the hard drive is.
your hopes are.
3 Listen again and repeat the sentences.
Extend your
Which one do you like the best?
- house and
A house is a building that people live in.
She lives in that big house.
Someone's home is the place where they live.
That flat is the home of a large family.
C o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h house or home.
1 I'm going after class.
2 Please do exercise 3 for work.
See that big red over there?
My father lives there.
I'll do the shopping and cleaning, but you
do the other _ _ _ _ _ work.
Hi, I'm not at at the moment.
Please leave a message.
Unit 8 Home
Bram Stoker's
As Jonathan Harker approaches the
castle doors, they open. An old man,
carrying a lamp, enters the room.
Grammar
Welcome to my home.
People say the tower is haunted.
The castle was returned to its owners. Count Dracula?
• we use the passive v o i c e w h e n w e w a n t
to focus on the action, n o t the p e r s o n I am Dracula, and I bid you
who does the a c t i o n welcome, Mr Harker, to my house. Come in.
• we also use t h e passive v o i c e w h e n w e
do not k n o w w h o d o e s t h e a c t i o n o r it
is not i m p o r t a n t You will, I trust, excuse me
that I do not join you. But I have already
1 Read the sentences f r o m the l i s t e n i n g a n d dined and I never drink ... wine.
decide if they are active (A) or passive (P).
1 The Tower of L o n d o n w a s b u i l t in 1078.
2 Their uncle p u t t h e m in t h e tower.
3 It was used in the film Psycho.
4 People believe that V l a d T e p e s - the
original D r a c u l a - lived h e r e . The novel Dracula was written in 1897 by
s It is visited every y e a r b y t h o u s a n d s of the Irish novelist Bram Stoker. There have been
people. many adaptations of the novel for film. The 1992
2 Complete the texts w i t h the c o r r e c t f o r m film Bram Stoker's Dracula was directed by Francis
of to be. Ford Coppola.
Official residences
around the world Reading and Writing
The Palacio d e la M o n c l o a is the official
1 Read the scene from the film Bram
residence of the Spanish prime minister in Madrid.
It was lis destroyed during the Spanish Civil War, Stoker's Dracula.
but it was /is rebuilt afterwards.
2 Work in pairs and write the next three
Abdeen Palace, in central Cairo, is / was built lines of the dialogue. Then present your
in 1874 for the Egyptian royal family. Today it is /
scene to another pair.
was used as an official residence for the president
and a museum.
L a n g u a g e n o t e : I bid you welcome is a
The Lodge, located in Canberra Australia,
formal, literary way of saying welcome.
is I was built in 1926. It was / is meant to be a
temporary home for the Australian prime minister.
Now it is the official one.
Reading
The cat c a m e b a c k
Vocabulary
Prepositions of
movement
Vocabulary and Speaking 3 Quickly read the rest of the text and '
choose the best subtitle,
1 Look at the pictures of different animals.
Would you keep any of these animals in a True stories of cats who lived in
your home? Which ones? different countries,
b True stories of cats who travelled a long
budgie cat dog goldfish hamster distance to come home,
horse mouse rabbit snake spider c True stories of cats who loved their
owners.
d True stories of cats who travelled a long
2 Which of these animals have ...
distance to leave home.
a tail? eight legs? fur?
4 • ...r 2.44 Read and listen to the text and
big ears? fins? wings?
complete the sentences with the names of
3 Work in pairs and ask each other these the cats.
questions. 1 lived in the USA.
• Did you have a pet as a child? What was it? 2 came home after about two
• Are you afraid of any of these animals? months.
3 and _ c a m e b a c k h o m e after
Reading a week.
1 Do you prefer cats or dogs? Why? Tell a 4 w e n t t o his owners' second home,
partner. 5 w a s h a p p y b u t v e r y dirty.
I prefer... because they are friendlier / more 5 Find words in the text with these
intelligent / more interesting.
meanings.
1 don't like cats or dogs. 1 so important that you should not criticise
it (introduction)
2 Read the introduction to The cat came 2 the official line that separates two
back on page 93 and discuss the questions in countries (paragraph 1)
pairs. 3 very dirty (paragraph 2)
• Do cats have any special meaning in your 4 the sound a cat makes when it's happy
country? (paragraph 2)
• Do many people keep them as pets?
6 Which story do you think is the most
What is the most common pet?
surprising? Do you know any unusual pet
• In English, people sometimes say that
stories?
cats have nine lives. Does this expression
in your language?
e cat came back
ogists estimate that humans and cats have lived together for
an 9,000 years. In Ancient Egypt, cats were considered sacred
animals and protectors of the home. Today there are an estimated
500 million domestic cats in the world, making cats one of the most
common animals in the home. It's common to say that cats have
nine lives because of their
strange ability to survive as the
Howie - walked 1,900 km across Gringo - travelled 780 km
following true stories show.
Australia In 1978 this three-year-old down to the French Riviera.
cat w a l k e d h o m e f r o m t h e G o l d Coast in The Servos family lost their pet cat
Queensland, Australia t o Adelaide. T h e Gringo f r o m their h o m e in northern
Minosch - travelled 2,400 trip t o o k a year. Kirsten Hicks, t h e cat's France in D e c e m b e r 1982. T h e
km through Germany, in owner, said that a l t h o u g h he w a s filthy f o l l o w i n g July they learnt that t h e cat
1981 Mehmet Tune, a Turkish a n d bleeding, H o w i e w a s actually purring. w a s in t h e s o u t h of France. Gringo
man living in Germany, w e n t
h a d travelled t h r o u g h France a n d
to Turkey with his cat a n d family
Ernie - travelled..965: km to Texas.
arrived at t h e Servos's s u m m e r
In S e p t e m b e r 1994 Chris a n d Jennifer
for a holiday. At the Turkish b o r d e r
h o m e a w e e k later. The
Trevino's cat Ernie j u m p e d out of a
Minosch disappeared. Sixty-one d a y s
n e i g h b o u r s t o o k care of
p i c k - u p t r u c k while it w a s travelling
later, back in northern Germany, t h e
him until t h e Servos
d o w n t h e m o t o r w a y . The cat w a s 965
family heard a noise at t h e door. It
family arrived.
k m a w a y f r o m h o m e . A w e e k later, Ernie
was Minosch.
w a l k e d b a c k into t h e Trevino family h o m e
in Victoria, Texas.
Vocabulary
I Look at the
pictures and complete
the sentences with the
correct prepositions
from the box.
across across
1 Ernie jumped the truck and walked 2 He went a bridge, and . some
along down in
- - the highway. fields.
into out of past
through up
Reading
Travel guidebooks Reading Listening
R e a d A quick guide to the world's most famous 1 O 2.46-2.48 L i s t e n to t h r e e
Listening
guidebooks a n d c o m p l e t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w i t h c o n v e r s a t i o n s b e t w e e n t o u r i s t s a n d travel
Conversations with
the n a m e s of the guidebooks. g u i d e s / a g e n t s . C h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t situati*
travel guides
1 b e c a m e f a m o u s f o r its f o r e a c h o n e . T h e r e is o n e p l a c e y o u don't
Grammar _ restaurant reviews. need.
First conditional 2 w a s written b y a soldier.
beach city centre market travel office
3 w a s t h e first m o d e r n
Reading & Speaking guidebook.
The Beach 4 and . were written 2 L i s t e n a g a i n a n d c h o o s e t h e correct
f o r p e o p l e w i t h o u t a lot o f m o n e y . answers.
C o n v e r s a t i o n 1: T h e m a n w a n t s to travel.
W h i c h of these guidebooks did y o u k n o w
a to the U S A . b this month,
about already?
c next month.
C o n v e r s a t i o n 2: T h e t o w e r is . . .
a t h e n e w e s t b u i l d i n g in t h e city,
b t h e t a l l e s t b u i l d i n g i n t h e city,
c t h e o l d e s t b u i l d i n g in t h e city.
C o n v e r s a t i o n 3: T h e g u i d e p e r s u a d e s the
m a n to . . .
a b u y a carpet. b have lunch,
c visit t h e city.
the world's most famous Replace the underlined words with other
words that mean trip.
guidebooks 2
1 I went for a trip in my brother's new car.
They were very tired and had jet lag after
the third plane trip.
Baedeker's: these were the first modern travel guidebooks
3 He took me for a trip in his new
and were published in Germany in 1835. Volkswagen.
Michelin: the first guide to travelling through France was written 4 She's saving money for her next tap
by Andre Michelin in 1900. The Michelin stars are one of the most across Europe.
famous systems for reviewing restaurants in the world.
Speaking
Describing photos
Speaking Reading
W o r k i n pairs. L o o k at t h e p i c t u r e s b e l o w 1 R e a d t h e text New kinds of tourism on
Vocabulary
and describe them. H o w do you think they p a g e 97. W h i c h k i n d of t o u r i s m does each
Adjectives & prepositions are connected? picture show?
Reading 2 R e a d t h e text a g a i n a n d p u t the senten
N e w kinds of tourism in t h e c o r r e c t p l a c e s in t h e text.
• ancient
1
castle a T h i s k i n d of t o u r i s m involves going to
Grammar
• disaster area kitchen a d i f f e r e n t c o u n t r y f o r h e a l t h care and
Second conditional
• operating theatre
1
storm at t h e s a m e t i m e e n j o y i n g m o r e typical
tourist attractions,
Pronunciation & Speaking
b N e w Z e a l a n d h a s b e n e f i t e d from this
Sentence stress Useful phrases k i n d of t o u r i s m s i n c e t h e film The Lori
• It looks a bit like ...
the Rings w a s m a d e t h e r e ,
c T h e i n c r e a s e in t h e n u m b e r of tourists
• This picture shows ... while this one shows ...
also m e a n s a n i n c r e a s e in t h e kinds of
• This picture looks nicer / more interesting /
more boring than ... t o u r i s m n o w available,
d C o o k i n g h o l i d a y s a r e g r o w i n g in
p o p u l a r i t y , e s p e c i a l l y in c o u n t r i e s like
Vocabulary Italy and France,
1 C o m p l e t e the sentences with the correct e T h i s k i n d of t o u r i s m is n o t v e r y popular
prepositions. w i t h local r e s i d e n t s f o r o b v i o u s reasons.
3 W h a t is y o u r o p i n i o n of t h e s e different
about at in of of with
k i n d s of t o u r i s m ? W r i t e a n u m b e r for each
o n e . 1 = v e r y a c c e p t a b l e , 5 = completely
1 I'm interested historical and
unacceptable
cultural places.
2 I'm bored beach holidays; we go T h e n c o m p a r e y o u r i d e a s w i t h a partner.
to t h e b e a c h e v e r y y e a r . I think... is very acceptable.
3 I'm worried the situation and I
I have some problems with ...
w a n t to help.
I think ... is unacceptable.
4 I'm fond s a n d , sea a n d s u n .
5 I'm not good cooking, but I want
to learn.
6 I ' m a bit a f r a i d o l d castles a n d
p l a c e s like that.
2 M a t c h the sentences in exercise 1 to the
p i c t u r e s f r o m t h e s p e a k i n g activity. M o r e
t h a n o n e a n s w e r m a y be p o s s i b l e .
3 C o m p l e t e the sentences in exercise 1
with y o u r own ideas.
Unit 8 Away
him
tourism
Forecast->-
I Look at sentences 1 - 3 a n d a n s w e r 1 2.50 L o o k at this q u e s t i o n . O n l y t h e tsunami (noun) - a very large wave that is
caused by an earthquake under the sea
questions a-c below. stressed words are written. Listen and write
1 //you were in a country famous for its the missing words.
[ food, would you learn how to cook it? you go anywhere
1 Iflwent to Morocco. I would visit the world, where go?
market in Medina.
2 Listen again and repeat the question. Language note: would you
1 We wouldn't visit the disaster area i f we
T h e n w o r k in p a i r s a n d a s k e a c h other. /wudju:/
were in New Orleans. is often pronounced
Unit10Function globally
Global voices
gHV
•••
••• ill
nj•EnM
•• •Si
PVi HI Language focus: adverbs of degree
'•MMH
1 III
Reading
R e a d Aneta's d e s c r i p t i o n of h e r t o w n a n d a n s w e r
the q u e s t i o n s .
1 W h a t are the town's main attractions?
2 W h a t does Aneta like and dislike about the town?
3 W o u l d y o u like t o visit t h e t o w n ? W h y ?
Preparing to write
W o r k i n p a i r s a n d a s k e a c h o t h e r t h e q u e s t i o n s . U s e the
useful phrases below to help you.
W h a t ' s y o u r town called?
W h a t sort of t o w n is it?
W h e r e is i t e x a c t l y ?
W h a t is i t l i k e ?
W h a t are the main attractions?
W h a t can you do there?
W h a t is t h e w o r s t t h i n g a b o u t t h e t o w n ?
W h a t d o y o u like best a b o u t t h e t o w n ?
Describing a town
Language focus: it and there • It's a small / medium-sized / large t o w n / city / village.
1 A n e t a h a s f o r g o t t e n t o u s e it s e v e n t i m e s a n d there • It's historical / m o d e r n / touristy / a bit quiet / quite lively.
s e v e n t i m e s . W r i t e t h e w o r d s in t h e c o r r e c t p l a c e s in h e r • It's in the north / in the south-east / in the centre of... 1
description. • It's on the coast / near the capital city.
It will be great to see you again. • There are lots of shops / no historical buildings.
• There's a medieval castle / no shopping centre.
2 C o m p l e t e t h e r u l e s u s i n g it or there. • There's a lot / not much / nothing to d o (at night).
a Use t o t a l k a b o u t s o m e t h i n g f o r t h e first t i m e .
is a n old T o w n H a l l . a r e n ' t m a n y bars. Writing
b Use to t a l k a b o u t s o m e t h i n g y o u h a v e a l r e a d y
mentioned. W r i t e a n e m a i l like A n e t a ' s t o d e s c r i b e y o u r t o w n to a
... is v e r y old. is n e a r t h e m o u n t a i n s . f r i e n d . U s e y o u r a n s w e r s f r o m a b o v e to h e l p y o u .
Unit 8 Writing
WsBm
mtmmr
Part 1
3 2,61 L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r a n s w e r s .
3 <(!# 2.63 L i s t e n a n d r e p e a t t h e sentences.
Vocabulary P a y a t t e n t i o n to t h e ch a n d gh s o u n d s .
1 Complete the sentences with the correct 1 I've h a d e n o u g h of this c o u g h .
word. 2 I think I caught it from Charles.
3 He's had a headache for ages.
1 What's /How 's t h e m a t t e r ?
2 I feel / have t i r e d . 4 'V'p 2.64 R e a d a n d listen to t h e p o e m
3 I ' v e got /feel a h e a d a c h e . below. H o w m a n y different pronunciations
4 I ' v e g o t a htm / sore t h r o a t . o f ough a r e t h e r e ?
5 M y b a c k hurts / is hurts.
I take it you already know
6 I h a v e a blocked / blocking n o s e .
Of tough and bough and cough and dough.
7 I'm / I've a l w a y s s n e e z i n g . Others may stumble but not you,
On hiccough, thorough, slough and through.
Language note: when you talk about
feeling ill you can use I have or I've got. A dreadful language? Man alive,
I'd mastered it when I was five.
Unit 9 Health
Listening 2 Make new sentences with the words in
brackets.
1 Read the quote about the common cold.
What advice would you give to someone Can't sleep at night? Advice for
with a cold? insomniacs ...
« It's t h e m o s t common
illness in the w h o l e w o r l d .
There is not one single c u r e
Drinking coffee before bed is a very bad
idea. (mustn't)
You mustn't drink coffee before bed.
1 Try taking a warm bath before bed.
but people have their o w n (should)
ideas a b o u t h o w t o dea! w i t h 2 Sleep on a good bed. (should)
3 It's a good idea to see a doctor if the
the common cold.
problem continues, (ought to)
4 Smoking before you go to bed isn't a
good idea, (shouldn't)
2 O 2.65 Listen to different people 5 Try to get some exercise during the day.
answering the same question. Number the (should)
pictures above in the order that you hear
them. G r a m m a r focus - explanation & more
practice of modal verbs on page 148
3 Choose one of the verbs in the box.
Listen again and make notes on the advice Writing
you hear with that verb. 1 Read the three situations and choose one.
breathe drink eat Situations
go stay take wash 1 You have been invited to a party tonight, but you don't feel well. Write a
note to your friend. Explain the situation and apologise.
4 Compare your notes with a partner. Then 2 You have a special exam tonight but you don't feel well. Write a note
check the audioscript on page 157. to your professor. Explain the situation and ask if you can do the exam
another time.
Grammar 3 You don't feel well today and you can't go to work. Write a note to your
co-worker. Explain the situation and ask them to change shifts with you.
You should eat garlic.
You shouldn H do any exercise.
You really ought to wash your hands 2 Work in pairs and swap your sick notes.
repilarly. Write a short reply and give the person
some advice.
You must stay in bed.
Health Unit 9
Health f^WMSW
l MWBBWIBBBMI^
Part 2 A r a b influences on
Vocabulary M E D I O I N
Medical treatment
Vocabulary The w o r l d of m e d i c i n e w a s influenced
3 Complete the questions with the correct greatly by t h e A r a b w o r l d .
Pronunciation
form of the verbs. The first pharmacies and medical schc;
W o r d stress were d e v e l o p e d in Damascus, Cairo and
Have you e v e r . . . Cordoba.
Reading
an operation? T h e A r a b s w e r e also t h e first to use alcok
Milestones of modern t o treat illnesses. T h e w o r d alcohol is
medicine in a hospital overnight? originally an Arabic word.
a bone? In 977 o n e of t h e b i g g e s t hospitals jnth
Grammar break have stay w o r l d w a s f o u n d e d in Baghdad. Moretha
Could / couldn't, had to / 20 d o c t o r s p e r f o r m e d operations there,
didn't hove to The world of Arab medicine is also
Do you ... responsible for the translation and
a c h e c k - u p with your doctor? preservation of important medical work;
by A n c i e n t Greeks, s u c h as Hippocrates.
the dentist? How often?
any pills?
go for take visit 4 Work in pairs and practise reading the
text. Each person reads one line each. Pay 1
attention to the word stress.
Are you afraid o f . . .
injections?
Reading
to hospital?
ill?
1 The words in the box are from a text
called Milestones of "modern medicine. Check
become go have
you understand what they mean.
Unit 9 Health
F tness
Part 3
Vocabulary
Unit 9 Fitness
Grammar
Short cut - 1904 Olympics, St Louis,
Ramzan continued but the other swimmers USA American Fred Lorz crossed the finish line
bad stopped. of the Olympic marathon with a tune of 3 hours
He didn't win the race because the officials and 13 minutes. He had beaten the second runner The extra distance
had helped him .
by 15 minutes. Lorz looked happy and fresh, 1952 Olympics, Helsinki,
and smiled for the photographers. Just before
they gave him the gold medal, the race officials
Finland Pakistani
m swi
• use the past perfect to talk about an arrived to make a complaint. They took away the Mohammed Ramzan made history
event in the past that happened before medal, and Lorz was banned from races for a year. in the 1,500-metre swimming event.
another event or before a specific time When all the other swimmers had
finished, Ramzan continued going.
in the past
A helping hand --1908 Olympics, He swam an extra 100 metres.
Fitness Unit 9
Fitness
Part 4
Speaking
A visit t o the d o c t o r
Speaking
1 L o o k at t h e p i c t u r e s . W h a t d o y o u t h i n k
Reading & Listening
is h a p p e n i n g ?
At the doctor's
2 W o r k in pairs. C h o o s e o n e of t h e
Grammar p i c t u r e s a n d p r e p a r e a s h o r t d i a l o g u e to g o
Reported statements w i t h it.
Vocabulary 3 P r e s e n t y o u r d i a l o g u e t o a n o t h e r pair.
Say, tell a n d ask
Fitness questionnaire
1 ^JSf 2.69 R e a d a n d listen to t h e d i a l o g u e
b e t w e e n a d o c t o r a n d h i s p a t i e n t . W h a t is
the good news and the bad news?
rSL.
2 Cover the dialogue and try to remember.
W h a t did the doctor say . . .
1 about red meat? 4 about exercise?
2 a b o u t salt? s about work?
3 about coffee?
3 d b 2.70 L i s t e n t o M r C a r t w r i g h t t a l k i n g
t o h i s w i f e a b o u t his doctor's a p p o i n t m e n t .
W h a t i n f o r m a t i o n is t h e s a m e a n d w h a t is
different?
<
Unit 9 Fitness
Grammar Vocabulary
1 C o m p l e t e the s t o r y w i t h say, tell or ask.
'You are healthy.' She said I was healthy.
'You can eat some red meat.'' She said I could
I went to the d o c t o r last week.
tat some red meat. He me ' H o w d o you feel?'
I him I didn't feel very well.
' use reported speech to say w h a t
He gave me some pills.
another person said
First, he m e I should take one
• in reported speech, the v e r b o f t e n g o e s
green pill with a glass of water w h e n I got
one tense back
up.
present simple past s i m p l e Then he 'Take one red pill with a
present continuous past c o n t i n u o u s glass of water after lunch.'
present perfect past p e r f e c t Finally, he that I should take a blue
past simple past p e r f e c t pill with a glass of water before bed.
other words such as p r o n o u n s can also I the doctor 'What's the matter
change in reported speech with me?'
He me that I wasn't drinking
[1 Change the sentences to direct enough water.
| speech. Then check y o u r a n s w e r s in the
conversation on page 108. 2 2.71 L i s t e n a n d c h e c k y o u r a n s w e r s .
|The doctor told me she had the test results.
htm the test results' 3 C o m p l e t e the r u l e s w i t h say, tell or ask.
I said I was fine. a a l w a y s takes an object s u c h as
She said that I wasn't v e r y fit. me, him, her, the people.
I She told me that I couldn't eat a n y m o r e b n e v e r takes an object.
red meat. c _ - c a n take an object, b u t doesn't
t She told me that I also n e e d e d to do h a v e to.
some exercise.
Speaking
: 1 Change these sentences to r e p o r t e d
speech.Then decide w h o said e a c h one: the 1 C h o o s e f o u r of t h e s e questions. T h e n
doctor or the patient. w o r k in pairs a n d discuss the q u e s t i o n s .
Tve felt very ill for the last five days.' • D o y o u do a n y exercise?
Die patient s aid he'd felt very ill for the last five • D o y o u p r e f e r to exercise a l o n e or w i t h
days. friends?
II 'You don't have a fever.' • D i d y o u do a sport w h e n y o u w e r e
B Tve ordered some m o r e tests.' younger? W h i c h one?
\ i Tm not feeling very well at the m o m e n t . ' • W h a t are the best w a y s to k e e p fit?
14 'Going to work isn't a g o o d idea.' • D o you have a family doctor? W h a t ' s
|l 1 can give you a sick note.' their name? H o w long have y o u been a
[( 1 have a bad headache.' patient?
• W h a t food d o y o u t h i n k is t h e
> Grammar focus - explanation & more
practice of reported statements on page 148
healthiest?
• D o c h i l d r e n in y o u r c o u n t r y g e t
e n o u g h exercise?
2 W o r k w i t h a n e w partner. R e p o r t t w o
t h i n g s y o u l e a r n t f r o m y o u r first partner.
U s e said or told plus r e p o r t e d s p e e c h .
Fitness Unit 9
Function globally describing
Warm up
Read the label. Find words or phrases with these meanings.
1 takes away pain for a short period of time (4 words)
2 a woman who is going to have a baby (1 word)
3 a s k (1 word)
4 don't let children touch this ( 6 words)
5 might make you feel tired or sleepy (3 words)
How to read a
drug label
Active ingredient
Acetaminophen 500g
Uses
Temporarily relieves minor pains due to
• headache • backache
• the common cold • toothache
Warnings
Do not use with alcohol. If you are
pregnant, consult a doctor before use.
Language focus: talking about illness
Keep out of reach of children. May
cause drowsiness. Listen to the conversation again and complete the phrases
with one or more words.
Directions
I— - for a sore throat.
Adults and children 12 years and older.
Take two tablets every four to six hours
We this syrup or these tablets.
as needed. Do not take more than 8
better?
tablets in 24 hours. How many ?
How often ?
before mealtimes,
allergic to any
I'm afraid a prescription for that.
You - a doctor if
Listening Speaking
2.72 Listen to a conversation in a pharmacy. What is Work in pairs and choose one of the tasks below.
the man's problem? What does he buy? A Look at the audioscript on page 157 and practise the
conversation. Then create a similar conversation with
different information.
r
ft | B Roleplay a visit to the pharmacy. Use the new
sn expressions you have learnt.
0 asfflr
% A: you are visiting another country. You don't feel well.
Think of your s y m p t o m s .
B: you w o r k in a pharmacy. Listen to A and suggest
something for the problem.
cough syrup tablets antibiotics
Unit10Function globally
ItSbsiSIIS
I Sports English
by David Crystal
Sports commentary is very familiar these days but it only arrived with the start of radio and television
broadcasting. The term sports announcer was first used in 1923, soon followed by sporting
commentator in the UK and sportscaster in the US. The m o d e r n
British term, sports commentator, dates from the 1930s. Glossary
above-average (adjective) - good, better than normal
5 Sports commentating sounds easy, but it's difficult to do well,
discipline (noun) - a subject or sport
especially on radio, where a long silence can mean disaster. Detailed
formulaic expression (noun) - an expression that has been used
knowledge of the sport, keen observational skills, the ability to t h i n k lots of times before
on your feet, and above-average linguistic skills are essential. To
keen (adjective) - very strong
make the job easier, c o m m e n t a t o r s can use 'tricks of the trade' such
linguistic blend (noun) - a mixture of two or more words
10 as formulaic expressions. In horse racing there are certain things
neologism (noun) - a new word or expression, or an existing word
commentators always say at particular m o m e n t s such as They're off!,
with a new meaning
in the lead, and into the straight they come. This means there is less
sports commentator (noun) - a person whose job is to give a
for them to remember and it helps with fluency. description of a sporting event on television or radio as it happens.
Each sport has its own style, reflecting the atmosphere and
<5 momentum, from the wild excitement of football {It's a GO-O-O-AL) to the
quiet tones of snooker. There's distinctive grammar and vocabulary too.
Commentaries are the perfect place to find the English present tense, both
simple and continuous (he's looking for a chance ... he scores ...), and
incomplete sentences (Beckham to Kaka ... back to Beckham ...).
Jo But if you're looking for new vocabulary, you'll find more in the keep-fit
disciplines, such as yoga (with its hundreds of w o r d s taken from Sanskrit),
Pilates (with its unusual pronunciation taken from the name of its founder,
Joseph Pilates, 'puh-lah-teez'). and the combination of yoga and Pilates
yoga/afes. And that's just t h e t i p of t h e i c e b e r g of new linguistic blends. If
25 you're into exertainment (exercise + entertainment) you'll know about the
many kinds of exergaming (exercise + gaming). The neologisms keep your
tongue linguistically fit too.
Writing
W r i t e a n o n l i n e r e s p o n s e like D a r i n a ' s to g i v e advice. Use
y o u r notes and the useful phrases below to help you.
Suggesting alterna
• Instead o f . . . , you could ...
• D o n ' t . . . ; ... instead!
• Alternatively, you could ...
• Most importantly, you should ...
2 D o y o u d o a n y of t h e t h i n g s t h a t D a r i n a s u g g e s t s ?
W h i c h d o y o u t h i n k is t h e b e s t s u g g e s t i o n ?
Unit 9 Writing
Global review Study ski
•••"" • SETHI—
Unit 10Grammarfocus
words
The English language is a dynamic
Grammar m f e m
phenomenon. Like your mobile phone or
Kerr}' Maxwell is someone who has written the grass in the garden, it is continually
Us about new words in English. changing, constantly acquiring new
Tsunami is a Japanese word which has become characteristics. Many of these changes
ml my frequently in English. occur because of the way we live. As the B R A V E
Brunch is a meal that people Can have at 11 world changes we need to find different N E W
1 'clock in the morning.
ways of describing it, to fill the gaps in W O R D S
use relative clauses to give information our vocabulary for new ideas. A Language Lover's Guide
about something or somebody to the 21st Century
Kerry Maxwell
ifwe are talking about a person, we use Some of these words will stay in
who or that our vocabulary, others won't. Only time will tell. But
ifwe are talking about an object, we the ways we make new words will
use which or that
continue, and will create many more
new expressions in years to come.
Complete the definitions with who or
New Unit 10 ||
Port 2
Vocabulary
Places
Vocabulary 3 Read the text again and complete the
sentences with the same place names.
1 Put the words in order from small to
Reading is not part of the US.
large. Use your dictionary to help you.
N e w places in a n e w is very big and dry.
world capital city continent country was nearly destroyed.
planet state / province town village
has many people who travel I
Grammar somewhere else for work or school.
D e f i n i t e a r t i c l e (the) planet was a Dutch colony.
was visited by Vikings.
Speaking
4 Find words in the text with these
Famous quotes
meanings.
•••• 1
2
a p l a c e w h e r e s o m e t h i n g is born
to start a c i t y or o r g a n i s a t i o n
2 Circle the word that does not belong in 3 v e r y special or u n u s u a l
each group of words. 4 to t r a v e l r e g u l a r l y to a n d f r o m work
Africa Asia Armenia 5 Do you know any other place names t
Dallas Italy Frankfurt begin with the word New? What are they:
Mars Jupiter Singapore
California Canada Washington
Tokyo Liverpool Paris
3 Choose a word from exercise 1 and write New is a very general word. We sometimes
down some examples. Then include a word use words with more specific meanings that
that does not belong. Work in pairs and tell sound more natural in a particular context.
each other your words. Say the odd one out. equipment, advanced, cutting-
computers edge, modern
Unit 10Grammarfocus
New places in a new world
In the 15th century Pietro Martyr d'Anghiera, an Italian historian, was the first person to give the
continent of America the name De Orbo Novo, which means the The prefix New
for cities and regions of North America has since become very popular. Here we collect a few new
places to live.
Nicknamed the Big Apple, . is located in the American state of the same name. It's
Grammar probably the most famous city in North America. Founded on Manhattan Island in the 17th century by
the Dutch, it was originally called New Amsterdam.
Look at the highlighted
is a province in Canada. The province is in the east of the country, and the newest one
examples of the in the text to join Canada - it joined in 1949. Because of its position it was one of the first parts of North America
and match them to the that European voyagers discovered. The Vikings arrived here in AD 1000.
rules a-d below.
One of the largest states in the United States of America, . is in the south-west of
We use the when ...
the country. It is a very dry state, and is covered in mountains and desert. The state was one of
11 there is only one of this the original Wild West states, and the population is unique for its Spanish, American and Native
[ person or thing, American mix.
b this person or thing has been
Capital of the state of Louisiana in the south,. is famous for its multicultural
referred to before, in the text,
history and nightlife. It is the birthplace of jazz. The city went through a dark period in its
t it is part of a name. history in 2005 when it was almost destroyed by Hurricane Katrina.
J it is in a superlative phrase.
Located in the north-east,. . is one of the original 13 states of the USA.
2 Choose the correct words to Because it's so close to New York, people sometimes call it the bedroom state as
complete the texts. hundreds of thousands of its people commute to and from the city for work or
school every day.
New England is a / the region of the / -
; United States. It consists of the / - six
states: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island a n d Newfoundland
Speaking
|l Work in pairs. Read the i n c o m p l e t e
quotes about America and try to finish There
I think
t h e m with your own ideas. T h e n w o r k w i t h America is not a black
the most un-
mother pair and share y o u r ideas. is a ... America and a white
American thing
you can say America and Latino
2 Which are the best quotes? Are they America and Asian
is ...
positive, negative or neutral about America? All great
America - there's
change in England
J Read the original quotes and find out America begins and America
; who said them on page 130. at the ... are two countries
separated by
a ...
New Unit 10
Port 3
Transport
Pronunciation
Consonant clusters
Reading
Unit 10Grammarfocus
Grammar
|1 Look through the text and try to find
Trabi will have t h e last laugh
examples of the verb forms below.
I regular and i r r e g u l a r p a s t t e n s e v e r b s
I a continuous t e n s e • t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t
I going to future • a real conditional
B past simple p a s s i v e
Q: How do you
EJ Complete the text below with the double the value
[correct form of the verbs. of a Trabant?
A: Put petrol in it.
The M o d e l T
The American Ford automobile c o m p a n y Glossary
(exist) since 1903, and is one of the
exhaust (noun) - gases or steam that
biggest c a r manufacturers in the world. Q: Why is the IVabant's are produced by an engine as it works
.One of its first cars (be) the Model rear window heated? model (noun) - a type of vehicle that a
lit (build) by the Ford Motor A: To keep your hands warm company makes
[Company from 1908 to 1927. The president of while you push it. nostalgic (adjective) - remembering
the company, Henry Ford, (want) a happy times in the past
carthat was practical and not expensive for the
(American worker. The Model T (cost)
[around $300 and (go) up t o 7 0 k m an
Complete the questions with the correct form of the verbs.
pour. It was one of the first cars t o be p r o d u c e d
pan assembly line. By 1930 Ford When (do) you get your driving licence?
produce) more than 10 million Model T cars, (do) you have a car? W h a t kind?
S making it the most popular car in the world. What (be) your first car?
: As newer cars came out in the 20s and 30s, W h a t is the fastest you ... (ever travel) in a car?
[people (start) making jokes about the W h a t is the furthest you (ever travel) in a car?
Model T. But today there (be) still fan
(have) you ever (have) an accident?
clubs of the Model T, and people still
(can have) any kind of car, what (yo
:
Listening
Two classic b o a r d games
Listening
1 Look at the pictures of two classic board
Grammar
games. Do you know these games? Have
Both, neither you ever played them? Tell a partner.
Grammar
Make is a very general word. We sometimes Both games are successful today.
use words with more specific meanings that Neither game was successful at first.
sound more natural in a particular context.
Both of them are successful worldwide.
things made in build, manufacture,
factories produce • use both to talk about two things. Both •
buildings build is used with a plural noun and a plural I
problems, changes, cause, produce,
verb
effects generate
new things design, develop, • use neither to say something negative I
invent, create about two things. Neither is used withal;
Replace the word make in the sentences with singular noun and verb
a more suitable word. More than one answ*er • use both of / neither of with a plural
may be possible. noun or pronoun
1 The traffic in the afternoon makes lots of
problems.
They are making a new bank in the centre
1 Work in pairs. Make sentences about j
of town. Scrabble and Monopoly using these prompts!
These cars are made in a Korean factory. plus both or neither.
Alfred Butts made the game of Scrabble. 1 games are American
We've made a new computer program.
2 inventors didn't have a job
3 games are played on a board
4 games were not accepted by toy
companies at first
5 games are published in over 2 5 languagesl
2 Work in pairs. How many sentences can I
you make with these ideas in three minutes! I
Both of us ...
Neither of us ...
Unit 10Grammarfocus
Vocabulary Pronunciation
• 1 Complete the texts with the words in the 1 Put the words in the correct order to
| box. make useful game phrases.
1 the roll dice
board dice miss a turn
2 turn it's your
money points square turn 3 a card pick
4 turn miss a
5 again go
Scrabble
6 highest goes rolls first whoever
Scrabble is played with letters. Different letters 7 your is which piece
are worth different
8 cheating no
2
Each player has seven letters per _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
You put the letters on the and
2.78 Listen and check your answers
make words. Then listen and repeat the phrases. Try to
copy the intonation.
The object is to get as many points as
I possible. If you can't make a word with your
letters, you Speaking
Work in groups of three or four. You are
Monopoly going to play a board game. Turn to page
131 and read the rules. Then play the game.
In Monopoly, players roll a and
move their counter around the board. Trivial Pursuit
Old Unit 10
warm up Language rocus: enamg a conversanon
Work in pairs and choose two of the situations below. 1 Put the words in the correct order to make useful
Have a one-minute conversation for each situation. phrases.
1 going be I'd better 3 off to rush sorry
Situations
2 now really I go t o have 4 I be going should
1 You are strangers. It's very hot outside. A: start talking
to B about the weather.
2 2.81 Listen and check your answers. Then listen a
repeat the phrases.
2 You are friends. A: you are learning to drive.
Tell B about it. 3 "Sib 2.82 Listen to the end of five conversations. Whic
3 You work together. A: you are going somewhere special words do you hear? Complete the words with the correct
on holiday. Tell B about it. letters.
4 A: you are the boss. The c o m p a n y is closing. Tell B the i a y 4 w 1
bad news. 2 r t s a r t
3 0 _
Listening Speaking
1 2.79-2.80 Listen to two conversations. Match each Work in pairs and choose one of the tasks below.
one to a situation above.
A Repeat the warm up activity using the new expressions I
2 Listen again and answer the questions. you have learnt.
Conversation 1: How does each man feel?
B Create a conversation using only the words and phrases
W h y do you think they feel this way? in the box. You can use each phrase more than once. Then |
Conversation 2: Does the woman have good memories of practise the conversation.
the past? Why?
Anyway. Bye. Goodbye. OK. OK, then. Right.
See you. Well. Well, I'd b e t t e r . . . Yes, of course.
CS> 2.83-2.89 Listen to seven people talking about their It's a difficult test, you know.
favourite words and expressions in English. Number them b while w e think about what to say next.
in the order you hear them. This is a brand new phone. It's a, you know, phone with
i 2 Listen again and choose the correct answers. d before w e start to talk about a person or thing.
1 Arthur, from France, likes the expression because he You know the Japanese restaurant near the school,
hears it in songs / movies. well, it's closing.
2 Diego, from Italy, thinks there are /aren't a lot of very
interesting words in English. 2 Add you know to the sentences below.
J Kristina, from Russia, heard people use her favourite
1 This is an old card game, (add emphasis)
word when they talked about clothes / the weather.
2 I don't feel well, (add a headache, sore throat)
t Elodie, from Switzerland, likes her favourite word
3 He won an Olympic medal, (add emphasis)
because of the spelling /pronunciation.
4 I had never heard that before, (begin with You know)
s Semih, from Turkey, says his favourite words make him
5 It was a big change in her life, (add she was never the same
feel happy /funny.
again)
i Bea, from England, thinks her favourite words are useful
because they give her time to think / they mean lots of
Speaking
iifferent things.
t Guy, from England, likes his word because of the sound, 1 Write down two or three of your favourite words or
the structure and because it doesn't exist in any other expressions in English.
language / it exists in lots of other languages.
2 Work in small groups. Tell each other about your
favourite English words or expressions and why you
like them.
Una, Russia Elodie, Switzerland Semih, Turkey Bea, England Guy, England
MRtMiii
lip 5
ISBBHI
2 Fill in Magdalena's end-of-course report. Paragraph 1: information about the course (level, length,
number of students)
M a g d a l e n a has c o m p l e t e d a - m o n t h c o u r s e at
Paragraph 2: what you did during the course
_ level. She has w o r k e d hard, b o t h in class a n d after
Paragraph 3: feelings about the course, progress and
class in t h e She has m a d e g o o d progress, especially
areas to improve
z
in her However, she c o u l d still i m p r o v e this, a n d also
needs t o w o r k o n her and Descr ng gu
Language focus: a / an for new • We did a lot of / some listening / speaking activities.
* C h o o s e a n a r e a of p r o n u n c i a t i o n o r a s o u n d y o u
• Work in pairs and find three new words you have learnt w a n t t o i m p r o v e . F o c u s o n it f o r a f e w m i n u t e s
gn this book. Then complete the definitions. e v e r y d a y w h e n y o u are s p e a k i n g .
— This is a person who * Other ideas.
H This is a place where
H This is a thing which 4 C o m p a r e your ideas with a partner and decide h o w
•Workwith another pair and read your definitions. Try to y o u can improve y o u r pronunciation. W h a t will y o u try?
Bss the words.
2 Ask your partner the questions. 2 Read the text again. Write down a few key words to Ml
you tell your partner about the text.
3 Answer your partner's questions.
3 Tell your partner about vegemite.
Family questions
• you have a big family?
• How many brothers and sisters you have?
• you have family in other countries?
• you in touch with them?
• How often you in touch with your
grandparents or grandchildren?
• you have family reunions? How often?
Vegemite
Vegemite is a dark brown food paste from Australia. You can put it on
sandwiches, toast or crackers. It tastes salty and bitter and is not very popular
in the world except in Australia and New Zealand. Vegemite has strong cultural
associations in those countries, and many say it is a comfort food. Vegemite
has very high levels of vitamin B, and during the 1940s the Australian army
bought large amounts of it for the soldiers. According to the Prime Minister of
Australia's website, Vegemite is 'the taste of Australia' and some Australians
even take a jar with them when they travel to other countries.
jar of vegemite
Glossary
bitter (adjective) - has a strong sharp taste that is not sweet
jar (noun) - a glass container for food, with a lid and a wide
opening
paste (noun) - a food that is made by crushing meat, fish or
vegetables
2 Work with a s t u d e n t f r o m g r o u p B . A s k y o u r q u e s t i o n s .
3 Listen to q u e s t i o n s 6 - 1 0 a n d t r y t o a n s w e r t h e m .
Write the correct a n s w e r s i n t h e t a b l e .
3 theory that the Earth is round old? theory of gravity theory that Earth is round
A survey of over 1,000 North Americans found that women often prefer snack-related comfort food while
men prefer more meal-related comfort food. In particular, more women said they liked food like sweets and
chocolate while men liked things such as pizza, pasta, steak or casseroles. Women often felt guilty and less
healthy than men about their comfort food choices.
The researchers think that the differences between men and women may be because men like hot, prepared
meals (that someone else made) while
women look for easy comfort food that
needs less preparation.
Glossary
casserole (noun) - a deep dish with a lid, used for cooking in:
the oven, or the mixture of food that is cooked
guilty (adjective) - ashamed and sorry because you have done
something wrong
prefer (verb) - to like or want something more than something
else
2 Work w i t h a s t u d e n t f r o m g r o u p A. L i s t e n t o q u e s t i o n s 1—5
and try to a n s w e r t h e m . W r i t e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r s i n t h e t a b l e .
3 Ask your q u e s t i o n s .
4 oil coal
WmBm
5 hydrogen nitrogen
6 Jupiter far from Saturn Saturn
the sun?
7 100°F hot? 100°C 100°C; 100°F is only 37°C
8 one metre long? one yard a metre is 1.09 yards
9 one megabyte big? one gigabyte a gigabyte
10 -40°F cold? -40°C they are the same temperature
Drinks "'
Cola "**
Water " *
M Juice Unit 1 0 , Speaking (page 1 1 7 )
1 Read the full quotes below. Do you think they are
positive, negative or neutral about America?
... Olympic officials had helped him cross the line. 4 4 England and America are two countries separated
by a common language. J J
The extra distance George Bernard Shaw, Irish writM
Ramzan thought that he hadn't finished the race. 4 4 America is a mistake, a giant mistake.
Sigmund Freud, Austrian psychologist.
A new Olympic record
44 There is not a black America and a white America
He had never swum in a pool of that size before. and Latino America and Asian America - there's the
United States of America.
Barack Obam a, US PresidentI
Additional material
The first player tosses a coin. If the coin lands heads
Unit 10, Speaking (page 121)
up, move your counter forward two squares. If the coin
Rules lands tails up, move your counter forward one square.
i Play this game in groups of three or four. You need one If you land on a grey square, follow the instructions.
coin and one board to play. If you land on a red square, speak in English for one
! Each person needs a counter. Put the counters on the minute about the topic on the square.
square marked Start, The winner is the person who gets to the end of the
i Decide who is going first. board first.
Unit 1
I/You/We/They work. I / You / We /They don't Do I / you / we / th ey Yes, I/you/we/they do. No, I / you / we / they
work. work? don't.
He/She /It works. He/She/It doesn't Does he/she/it work? Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/ she /it doesn't.
work.
Use the present simple to talk about: Expressions of frequency ( e v e r y day, twice a week, on Mondays, etc.)
• habits and routines. • things that are always true. usually go at the end of the sentence. They go at the beginning
He gets up at seven o'clock. The sun rises in the east. the sentence when we want to emphasise when or how often.
They don't go to bed late. Water boils at 100°C. We go shopping on Saturdays.
On Saturdays, we go shopping.
We use frequency adverbs and expressions of frequency with the
present simple. Frequency adverbs (always, usually, often, sometimes,
hardly ever, never) go between the subject and the verb, except
with the verb to be.
We always have lunch at I pm.
He is always late for class.
Present continuous
Use the present continuous to talk about:
Affirmative Negative Question
• things happening now or about now.
I am ('m) working. I am ('m) not working. Am I working? We are watching TV. Em learning English.
• temporary situations.
You/We/They are You /We/They are not Are you / we / He is living in London at the moment.
('re) working. (aren't) working. they working? The present continuous is often used with time expressions such
He/She/It is ('s) He/She/It is not Is he/ she/it as now, these days, at the moment and this week / month / year.
working. (isn't) working. working? Some verbs (stative verbs) aren't used in the present continuous:
agree, appear, believe, forget, hate, hear, know, like, love, mean, need,
own, prefer, realise, remember, see, seem, want
Present continuous
Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the present simple
or present continuous.
k Where (1) (you /work) at the moment?
I: In a hotel in Italy. My boyfriend (2) (live) in Italy
at the moment too.
A: (J) (you / like) it there?
I: It's great. I (4) (prefer) the lifestyle in Italy. In
[ London everybody (5) (work) long hours. People
(6) (not enjoy) life as much.
It (7)— (you /speak) Italian?
B: Xot very well, but I (8) (take) classes now and
I (9) (learn) the language quite quickly. We
(10)_ (notplan) to go back to England for a while.
Infinitive of purpose
We use the infinitive with to when we talk about the purpose of Language note: We can use in order to instead of to in these
something or why we do something.
sentences. For isn't used in these sentences.
I eat lots of vegetables to get important vitamins. (= because I want
to get) I eat lots of vegetables in order to get important vitamins.
You use a corkscrew to open wine. (= so that you can open) Not: I eat lots of vegetables for to get important vitamins.
The infinitive w i t h to
Read the text about a Japanese drink. Complete the text with to or
nothing (-).
Sake is rice wine. The Chinese first learnt to make sake, but
now it is the traditional drink of Japan. To make sake you need (1)
cook rice in water. It is important (2) use a special
kind of rice. You can (3) serve sake warm or cold. In Japan
people prefer (4) drink warm sake in winter and cold sake
in summer. You are meant (5) drink sake with friends.
Tradition says you mustn't (6) pour sake for yourself. So if
you drink sake in Japan, remember (7) pour it only for
other people.
Infinitive of purpose
Make six sentences.
1 I went to the baker's a meet our friends,
2 He looked round the cafe b celebrate her birthday,
! She smiled at me c show she wasn't angry,
4 He went into the garden d buy some bread,
5 We cycled into town e find a good table,
6 They organised a party f pick some tomatoes.
I/You/He/She I/You/He/She Did I/you/he I was working. I was not (wasn't) W a s I working:
/It/We/They /It/We/They /she/it/we/they working.
worked. did not (didn't) work? You /We/They You/We/They W e r e you /we
work. were working. were not (weren't) / they working:
working.
-ed spelling
He/She/It was He/She/It was not W a s he/she/it
• for most verbs add ed: look - looked working. (wasn't) working. working?
• for verbs ending in e, add d\ s?nile - smiled
• for verbs ending in y, change the y to ied: study - studied. Use the past continuous to describe an activity or situation in
(But verbs ending in vowel +y are regular: play - played). progress in the past.
• for verbs ending in consonant-vowel-consonant, double the He was watching a film on TV.
consonant and add ed, eg stop - stopped We often use the past continuous for activities that are interni
by a completed action. It is used in contrast with the past simple,
Use the same form for all persons (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) except He was watching a film on TV when the phone rang.
for the verb to be.
Some verbs have an irregular affirmative form: X
have - had, go - went, see - saw, think - thought. watching a film phone rang
See a more complete list of irregular verbs on page 159.
Use the past simple to talk about completed actions in the past. While is often used with the past continuous. When is often used
I watched a good film at the weekend. with the past continuous and the past simple.
I bought a book about histoiy of an last week. I fell asleep while I was reading a book.
1 was reading a book when I fell asleep.
Used to
We also use used to to talk about situations in the past which aren't
Affirmative Negative Question
true now.
I /You /He /She I/You/He/She Did I/you/he There used to be an art gallery in our town. (= but there isn't one
/It/We/They /It/We/They / she / it / we / they there now)
used to work. didn't use to use to work?
work. Language note: There is no present form of used to. We only u
used to to talk about regular actions in the past.
We use used to to talk about regular actions in the past which don't Not: I use to download music.
happen now.
I used to play the guitar. (= but I don't play it now)
Used to
Complete the sentences with used to or didn't use to and an
[appropriate verb.
[l He to cassettes, he didn't use to listen to CDs.
1 He the violin, but now he plays the guitar.
1 He an MP3 player but he has one now.
• He to classical concerts, he used to go to music
I festivals.
I He. miserable, now he feels relaxed and happy.
' He opera but he likes it now.
Language note: we use if for things that might happen but aren't
certain. We use when for things that are certain.
Have
Instead of have we can also use have got for possession.
Affirmative Negative Question
Have got is often used in spoken and informal English.
I/You/We/They I /You /We/They Do I/you/we I've got two brothers.
have a car. don't have a car. / they have a car? She hasn ¥ got dark hair.
Have yon got any money?
He/She/Tt has He /She /It doesn't Does he/ she/it
a car. have a car. have a car? Use have as a main verb with certain nouns to talk about actions
or experiences. For example:
Use have as a main verb to talk about possessions, relationships or • have breakfast / lunch / dinner / a drink / a coffee
characteristics. • have a part}- / a holiday / a swim / an accident / a good time
I have two brothers. • have a chat / a conversation / a meeting
She has dark hair. • have an illness / a headache / a problem
Language note: We can't use short forms when we use have as a
main verb. Not: I've a cat.
Modal verbs
Use must and have to to talk about things that are necessary. Use don V have to to say that something isn't necessary, but it is
We often use must and have to for rules. Have to is often used possible or allowed.
for something which is necessary because of a law or because Men don't have to wear a tie at work. (= but they can if they wantto
someone else says it. Use can to say that something is possible or allowed.
I must finish this report. You can bay food in the s t a f f canteen. Or yon can eat your own sandmt
He has to give a presentation tomorrow. (=His boss said so) there.
Use can't to say that something is not possible or allowed.
Use must not (mustn't) to express prohibition.
Yon can't eat lunch at your desk.
You mustn't wear jeans and trainers in the o f f i c e .
-ing forms
The -ing form of the verb can be: • used after prepositions: good / bad at, interested in, tired o f ,
• the subject of a sentence excited about, bored with, instead o f , in spite of
Working long hours is very stressful. He's very good at skiing.
Playing chess is very relaxing. I'm excited about going on holiday.
• the object of some verbs, for example: love, like, dislike, enjoy,
mind, can Y stand
I like playing basketball.
I can V stand jogging.
Present perfect
Use the present perfect to talk about an unspecific time in the past,
Affirmative Negative Question
Compare the present perfect and the past simple.
I/You/We/They I/You/We/They have Have I/You/We I have been to Disneyland. (= no specific time, present perfect)
have ('ve) worked. not (haven't) worked. /They worked? I went to Disneyland last summer. (= specific time, past simple)
He/She/It has He / She / It has not Has he/ she/it We often use the present perfect with ever and never to talk about
('s) worked. (hasn't) worked. worked? experiences up to the present.
Have you ever been to an amusement park? (= at any time in your life)
The present perfect is formed with the verb have + past participle. I've never been on a roller coaster. (= up to now)
The past participle of regular verbs is the same as the past simple,
(see Grammar focus 3 page 136). Irregular verbs often have Language note: have been to = have visited a place.
different forms, eg go - went - gone. Sec a more complete list of
past participles on page 159.
Compare: She's been to Germany. (= and now she has come back
home).
She's gone to Germany. (= and she's still there).
Have
Modal verbs
•ing forms
Present perfect
1 Write the dialogues with the correct form of the present Choose the correct ending.
perfect. They've built two amusement parks outside the city ..
1 A: you / ever / try / skiing? a and they are going to build another,
B: Yes / we / go / skiing / in France / twice / so far. b two years ago.
2 A: what / you / done / with the remote control? They went on a roller coaster last summer and ...
B: I / not see / it / but / your mum / just / watch / a a they love it.
programme. b they loved it.
! A: my son / stop / collecting / stamps. She's been to the water park ...
B: he / ever / think / about collecting / coins? a yesterday.
1 A: you / be / on holiday / this year? b lots of times.
B: I / have / a busy year at work / so / I / not have / any time I've never been in a haunted house because ...
to relax. a I'm scared of the dark.
5 A: She still / not finish / talking / on the phone. b I was scared of the dark.
B: I hope / she / not call / that friend in Brazil. He bought a burger in the food area b u t . . .
a it didn't taste very good.
2 Choose one of the dialogues. Think about what is happening
b it hasn't tasted very good.
indwho is speaking. Write the next two lines.
We've visited a great theme park in South Korea ...
a when we were on holiday.
b and one in Hong Kong too.
Superlatives
Use superlatives to compare someone or something in a group Use superlatives with the present perfect.
with all the other things in that group. My girlfriend is the most interesting person I've ever met.
This computer is the cheapest in the shop.
Use superlatives with in the ...
Shopping online is the most convenient method.
The internet is the best invention in the world.
I'm the tallest person in the class.
tall
hot
content
safe
expensive
enjoyable
cheap
beautiful
heavy
Superlatives
Phrasal verbs a n d o b j e c t s
2 Complete the text with the present perfect or the past simple
form of the verb in brackets.
Microwaves (1) (be) a popular time saver for
years. An American company (2) (produce) the
first microwave in 1947 - it was almost 1.8 metres tall! Families
(1) (use) smaller modern microwaves since the
1970s. But many people don't think it is safe. So, is microwaved
food safe? The answer is 'yes' if you (4) (cook) the
food for the right length of time. Microwaves (5) _
Ik) particularly popular since companies (6) (start)
producing freezer to microwave 'ready-meals' in the late 1980s.
The UK (7) (be) the largest European consumer
of microwave ready meals for years. But a report in 2008 (8)
(say) British people are now starting to eat more
I healthily.
First conditional
Use will, might or can in the main clause:
//"clause Main clause
• will: the s p e a k e r t h i n k s it's l i k e l y that the situation will happei
If + present simple 1/ you, etc. • might: the speaker is not sure that the situation will happen
will / can / might • can: the speaker is not sure if it wrill happen or not
(not) + verb The //clause can be the first or second clause in the sentence.
Use the first conditional to talk about a possible future situation. I f w e take the train, we'll enjoy the journey more.
If it is bad weather, Til watch TV. But if it's sunny, Til go to the beach. We'll enjoy the journey more i f w e take the train.
Second conditional
If 1 didn't have to work, I'd'go to the beach today.
//"clause Main clause
(But I have to work so I won't go to the beach)
If + past simple I / you, etc. If I had lots of money, I could travel round the world.
would / could (not) (I don't have lots of money and it's unlikely that I will have lots of
+ verb money in the future)
Use the second conditional to talk about an unreal future Language note: we sometimes say if I were instead of If I
situation. It is unlikely or almost impossible that the situation will was. Both verbs are correct. Were is especially common in the
happen. expression If I were you ... when giving somebody advice.
First conditional
Second conditional
1 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the 2 Match the conditional sentences.
second conditional. 1 If I went to America, a we won't have to look for
What would you do (1) . (if /you / be) me? accommodation.
B: Well, if I were in your shoes, (2) - (I / go) on a 2 If we went on the bus, b I'd go to San Francisco,
long trip. 3 If we take the credit card, c we won't have to take lots
C: Yes, I'd take a month's holiday tomorrow (3) -Of of cash.
/my boss /give / me) time off. 4 If I don't wear sandals, d my feet will be too hot.
B: If I had the choice, I think (4) _ _ (I / go / walking) 5 If we go camping, e we'd save lots of money,
in New Zealand or Peru. 6 If I had a problem, f would you help me?
C: Yes, I'm sure I'd forget all my problems (5) __ Of/
I I/Jo) something like that.
B: Perhaps your boss would help (6) • (if / you /
explain) everything to her.
Past perfect
With before and after, we can use the past simple instead of the
Affirmative Negative Question
past perfect as the order of events is clear.
I/You/He/She I/You/He/She/It Had I/you/he Before I started doing regidar sport, I was overweight.
/It/We/They /We/They had not / she / it / we / they Before I started doing regidar sport, I had been overweight.
had ('d) worked. (hadn't) worked. worked? The players celebrated after the match finished.
The players celebrated after the match had finished.
(See a more complete list of past participles on page 159.)
Use the past participles been and gone in the same way as in the
Use the past perfect to talk about an event in the past that present perfect (see Grammar focus 5 page 140).
happened before another event or a specific time in the past.
He cried because they had lost the match. they had lost the match he cried
I hadn't been to a football match before last Saturday. Past L-—•—— iL_ : Present
Reported statements
Use reported statements to say what another person said. In reported statements other words can also change:
I'm not feeling well. He said that he wasn't feeling-well. • pronouns: 'We're meeting at my flat.' He said that they
I'm going to the doctor's. —— He told me that he was going to go to were meeting at his flat.
the doctor's. • places: 7 got here by train! He said he had got there by
train.
In reported statements, the verb goes one tense back.
• this / that-. 'I'vejust bought this book.' He said he had just
Direct statements Reported statements bought that book.
• times: 7 met her last week.' He said he had met her the
present simple past simple week before.
'I like your new She said (that) she liked my new
hairstyle.' hairstyle. Be careful with say and tell:
present continuous past continuous • we say something (to somebody)
'I'm getting married.' He said (that) he was getting married. • we tell somebody (about something)
present perfect past perfect The doctor told me I was stressed. I said I knew that.
'We've bought the She said (that) they had bought the
tickets.' tickets.
past simple past perfect
'I missed the bus.' He said (that) he had missed the bus.
will would
'I'll see you later.' She said (that) she would see me later.
am is / are going to was / were going to
'I'm going to join a gym.' She said she was going to join a gym.
Past perfect
Both, neither
Use both to talk about two things. Both is used with a plural noun Use neither to say something negative about each of two things.
and a plural verb. Neither is used with a singular noun and verb.
Both cars are qiute old. Neither car is very reliable.
Use both of and neither of with a plural noun or pronoun.
Neither of the cars is economical. Let's sell both of them.
Both, neither
Rewrite the sentences about two friends using both / neither or both
1 (// wither of. Sometimes more than one answer is possible.
The two friends live in a big city.
|l They aren't married.
! The friends don't have a car.
+ Each friend owns property.
• The two friends enjoy playing chess.
H They'Ve written books but their books haven't been published.
Unit 1 John is married to Mary, but you don't know her Unit 2
personally. So you and Mary have one degree
0 1.02 of separation. Mary has a sister, Jane. Jane and 01.18
1 Sorrv, yes. M y last name is Torrance. That's you have two degrees of separation. Jane's Zao Shen is the god of the kitchen. He is a
T-O-R-R-A-N-C-E. neighbour, let's call him Robert, works for a big figure in Chinese mythology. He watches
2 I live on Janssen Street. I'll spell that for hotel in the city centre. You and Robert, Jane's families and tells the other gods if a family is
you: J - A - N double S - E - N neighbour, have three degrees of separation. good or bad. He has the power to make families
Robert doesn't own the hotel. He works for Mr. rich or poor. Zao Shen also protects the home
3 Write this down. The name of the state is
Smith, the president. You and M r Smith ... four from evil spirits. Many homes in China,Taiwan
K - E - N - T - U - C - K - Y . That's Kentucky.
degrees of separation. M r Smith, because he's and Southeast Asia have a picture of Zao Shen in
01.03 an owner of a big expensive hotel, he's often in the kitchen.
touch with important people. He's friends with
1 A: Oh, when was this photo taken?
B: That one? Five years ago, I think.
the Ambassador for example. So you and the 01.20
Ambassador have five degrees of separation. Human beings need water to live. A human
A: Mmmm. It's quite a good photo of you. A i d well, the Ambassador goes to New York being can live for weeks without food, but only
B: 1 don't know. I don't think I looked good three times a year, and he knows the Secretary a few days without water. W c often hear that our
with that beard. General of the United Nations. So, if you make body is two thirds water, but what exactly does
A: I think you look nice and, mmm, all the right connections it means that you and water do to help the human body?
intelligent. the Secretary General of the United Nations Water helps to protect important parts of the
have six degrees of separation. body, such as the eyes. The brain is 75% water.
01.04 W e also need water to breathe, and to keep
2 A: How's the baby? 01.10 our body temperature normal. Water carries
B: Oh gi'eat. Great. A: W h a t are you doing? nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body.
A: It's a 'she', right? B: So, what do you do? Blood is, in fact, 92% water. In addition, water
C: Excuse me, we're trying to work. helps to convert food into energy and removes
B: Yes, yes. I'll show you a photo, she looks
waste from the body. It is also very good for a
like her father. D: You're not listening!
person's skin. Even the bones in our body are
A: Oh, yeah, bald just like her dad! How old E: How's it going? made up of 2 2 % water.
is she? The human body gets water not only from
B: Six months now. 01.11 water itself but also from other drinks and food.
A: She looks really happy, she's got a great 1 A: Hello. Water is a major part of many foods, particularly !
smile. B: Hello. fruit and vegetables, which may contain from
A: First time here? 85 to 95% water. Because the amount of water
0 1.05 B: Sorry? we need may change with climate, level of
3 A: Who's this a photo of? activity, diet and other factors, there is no one
A: I said, is this your first time here? At the
B: Don't you know? It's Bella! recommendation for how much daily water you
conference. need to drink. However, adults typically need at
A: Bella? Oh yes! She looks so different B: Yes. Yes. least two litres (eight cups) of water a day, from
here. How long ago was this?
A: Well, hello. My name's George. all sources.
B: At the end of university.
B: Hi George. Nice to meet you.
A: Wow. Her hair was much longer then,
and so curly. 01.12 0 12
-3
2 A : Oh, look at the time. It's getting late. 1 A : Good evening.
01.06 B: W h a t time is it? B: Hello. It's a table for two, please. We've
4 A : W h a t does the suspect look like? got a reservation.
A: Eleven o'clock. And I have a class
A: I can't hear you. W h a t does the suspect A: Name?
tomorrow.
look like? B: Moore, that's M - double O-R-E.
B: Oh. Well, O K then.
B: The suspect is a white, older man. A: Ah, yes. Just this way.
A: Yes. Thanks for everything.
A: Anything else? A : Now, what would you like to order?
B: N o problem.
B: Just a second ... yes. He's got grey hair C : I'll have the fish.
A: Goodnight.
and a moustache. B: Just a minute. I haven't seen everything
B: Bye.
A: W h a t kind of car does he drive? on the menu yet.
B: An old white Volvo. 01.13 C : Sorry, then can we have another minute
A : Thanks. 3 A: And this is from me. to decide?
B: Aww.
&1.07 A : Of course.
B: Oh my ...
1 Pilar is my Spanish neighbour. She's on
A: It's a dog! Isn't that great?
012
.4
vacation in Mexico, and I've got her cat and 2 A : Here you go. Anything to drink?
her plants. B: Er, yes. A dog. Thank you very much.
B: Sorry, I think there's a mistake here. I
2 OK, Hans. Hans and I aren't really friends. A: You're welcome. Happy birthday.
wanted a hamburger, not a hot dog.
He's more of an acquaintance. He's director
of the German department.
01.14 A: OK, sorry. Just a minute. One
4 A: Hello? Oh hi, listen I'm on the train It's hamburger, please.
3 Ken is a colleague of mine at the university.
He teaches French, and I teach German. not a good time right now... B: Thanks.
4 I take a computer class in the evening. Sofia B: Hey! A : Anything to drink?
is my classmate. A: Wait a minute ... Oh, I'm sorry. I didn't B: Uh... A diet Coke, please.
see you and ... A : Small, medium or large?
0 1.09 B: That's all right. B: Small, please.
The theory of Six Degrees of Separation works
B: No, it's fine.
likes this. Imagine you and John are colleagues.
Audioscript
In the nineteen-twenties sound recording met A: And that there should be more space
&1.25 film. The first films with sound were called for films from around the world. More
3 A: More coffee? 'talking pictures'. 'world cinema'.
B: No thanks, I'm fine.
In 1962 the company Philips introduced the B: Exactly. There are lots of great films
A: Did you enjoy your breakfast? audio cassette tape player. One year later the from other countries, but we only see
B: It was lovely, thanks. first discotheque in America opened in Los our own American films here. And I
A: Good. Angeles. don't think that's right.
B: Could I have the bill? The seventies and eighties saw the introduction A: I agree with you there, John. So what
A: You have to pay over there for the buffet of VHS video, cassette Walkman and CD. The films do you think we should see?
service. CD revolutionised the music industry. B: Well ... '
It was in the early nineties that digital music and
B: Sorry, where?
video appeared. In 1996 the first digital music 1.46
A: Over there, next to the plants and the
player was sold in Japan. One year later the 3 A: What about this one?
exit sign. first MP3 player came out. But it wasn't until B: What, a musical?
B: Oh, I see it. Thanks again. the beginning of the 21 st century that digital A: I know you think that musicals are
A: You're welcome. music and A1P3 players really began to become terrible.
61.27 popular. In 2001 Apple released the first iPod, a
B: Absolutely, you're absolutely right. They
portable MP3 player.
1 Mo, Iran are awful!
The history of sound recording has always been
Typical traditional Persian food. It consists A: Well, maybe but ... I read this one was
to make devices that are smaller, but contain
of rice and minced lamb, kebabs and more sound. The first record played for only six different. We always see the same films
chickens and dried fruit. anyway.
minutes and needed a large machine to play it
on. T he current generation of music players go B: Oh please. W e see lots of different films.
61.28 Last week we saw a French film.
in your pocket and can hold more than 15,000
2 Gianfranco, Italy songs, video and photographs. A: Fine, you choose the DVD then.
Pizza. Of course not Pizza Hut but Napoli
pizza. Yes, pizza, lasagne and pasta. < 5 * 1.42 Unit 4
(0*1.29 Music has always been a very important part 45*1.48
of film and television. A film can be completely
3 Elena, Russia A: ...?
transformed depending on the kind of music
Borsch - it's very interesting - it's like a you use. B: OK, well. My name's Josh Gross and this is
salad. But it's boiled in water, I don't know, For example, if you want the audience to feel Helle Hansen.
with beetroot with onion, potato, with scared you want to use some kind of tension C: Hi.
meat, or maybe with chicken, or maybe with music. Here is an example of music that makes B: And ... Well, we're aid workers with the
turkey. And it's very tasty really. people feel tense or scared. It uses violins played Danish organisation Milene Nielsen
on a very high note and very quickly. Foundation. Helle, do you want to... say
6 uo Gentle music is good for making an audience something about it?
4 Marlies, Germany feel calm and safe. I use guitar, violin or even C: It's starting a new project in Guatemala next
A schnitzel dish. It's kind of a meat, it's fried piano. This kind of music is good with love month. We're going to be in a small village
and you most often have it with French fries scenes.
and salad or potato salad which is rather
I sometimes use choral music for certain special In the mountains.
typical of German food again.
scenes, or to make people feel sad. I use this for In the mountains. It's a very poor place.
[61.31 when a character dies in a film.
Finally, sometimes individual characters or
Matt, US We're going to work with the children there.
ideas in a film have their own kind of music.
Candy makes me think of home. There are Basically, we're going to be responsible
I did the music for the British television
certain candy brands that whenever I see for the children during the day. Playing,
programme Robin Hood, and every time the
them they remind me of my childhood and cooking...
character of Robin appears you hear this kind of
they remind me of growing up in the United Cleaning ...
music. It uses trumpets, which are always good
States. ...?
instruments for heroes.
61.32 In the past, to record the music for a film, the I'm a teacher originally, and Helle has a
orchestra used to play in front of a large screen background in child psychology. We both
Sonia, Spain
showing the movie, so the composer could get wanted to help people.
Spanish tortilla makes me think of home and
the timing just right. Now with computers, it I fell in love with Guatemala when I was
that's a very typical answer but I think it is
isn't so necessary. Everything is much easier, and there on a holiday two years ago. The people
a very simple dish which is made from eggs
we do a lot of the work in the studio. are friendly and the country is beautiful. I
and potatoes and it's made like any other
tortilla. remember thinking: 'I'm coming back here
<5H.44 one day.'
A: So, what did you think?
Unit 3 B: It's going to be my first time in Guatemala.
B: I don't know. Horror films, well, they I'm looking forward to going on this trip
61.38 should be thrilling, you know, be a bit very much.
In 187/,Thomas Edison made one of the first scary. C: Yeah, me too.
ever sound recordings. Edison predicted that A: I think so too. A:
hd recordings would be used for office B: And that film wasn't. B: Good question. I guess I would say that
lion, speaking books, education, talking A: Oh come on, it was. hope is the most important thing. If you
"band music. don't have hope, you don't have anything.
B: No, I don't agree. It was not scary.
In 1903, the first records were released with Yes, this is especially true when you're
lecordings on both sides. People used to listen 1.45 working with people who have, really, lost
[tothese on record players called gramophones. 2 A: Now, you believe that there are too hope. If you have hope, well that helps you
many big budget action films in the keep going.
cinema.
B: That's right. Audioscript
Audioscript
A: ...?
1.55 © 1 . 6 3
B: Thanks. We'll let you know how it goes.
3 A : Can I help you? 1 Oh, hello, good to see you. Listen,
C: Thank you. B: Yes, thanks. Erm, I ... I've missed my somebody has to work this Saturday
train. Can I use this ticket for the next morning. Susan has called in sick. Now,I I
1.52
train? know that you've worked every Saturday t':i<H
A: An Inconvenient Truth? Isn't that a month, but there isn't anyone else. That ill I
documentary from a few years about global A: Yes, you can. The next train is the six
o'clock fast train. You'll need to pay an right? You can take next Saturday off.
warming? No, I haven't seen it, no. I heard it
extra ten euros for that. Or you can take
was interesting. © 1 . 6 4
the six fifty train and you don't have to
B: Well, of course I knew about global warming 2 Excuse me? Yes, come here, please. Now,1 I
pay anything extra.
a bit before I saw the film... but, well .... don't know if anybody told you, but we have I
wow. I mean, it really makes me think B: OK, I'll take the six fifty train then.
a dress code here. Employees mustn't wear H
about what I'm going to do. I f w e don't do Thank you.
jeans to work. It's not allowed. You don't 1
something now, we'll have serious problems A : You're welcome. have to wear a jacket and tie, but try to be i I
in the future. little bit more formal.
C: All I want to say is that I saw this film. It © 1 . .56
was a great documentary, and it's very, very 1 A: Are you ready to order? © 1 . 6 5
important. B: Yes. I'll have a salad. 3 No, no, NO. How many times do I have to •
D: Oh, yes I remember this film. I saw it after 2 A: I don't understand this. say this? You can't use the computer to send I
AI Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize. I B: That's all right. I'll help you. private emails and you can't send personal I
learnt a lot. It was different from a usual 3 A: The next train is in twenty minutes. messages to each other on the computer.Yoi I
Hollywood film. are on company time, and you must respect I
B: Shall we take it or wait?
E: I didn't like it. These kinds of documentary that time. That means working everybody, I
4 A: Here, let me take those bags. and not talking.
films are always frightening. And anyway,
B: Thanks, but it's OK. I'll carry them.
when this climate change happens, I'll be
©1.66
dead. So I don't want to worry about it now. © I.57 4 It's OK, you know. Of course you can go on I
F: I haven't but my son saw this film at school, 1 Abdul, Libya your lunch break now. You don't have to
in his geography class. He was talking
Actually I'm learning English because it will come in to my office and ask me every time. I
about it all evening. He said: "You'll think
be helpful for my career. I like to keep things informal around here, |
differently after you see it." I think it's good
and as long as everyone does their work then I
that he learns about this kind of thing at © 1.58 I don't see a problem. All right? By the way, I
school.
2 Olga, Russia I recommend the Italian restaurant on the I
I'm learning English because first of all corner if you don't know where to go. Very
© 1.53
I want to be a teacher of English in my good pasta.
1 A: Oh. Look at the time. M y train's leaving
country.
soon. © 1 . 6 9
B: Shall I pay for these? © 1 . 5 9 C Jood afternoon. M y name is Robert Macarthur,
A: That would be great. 3 Mert, Turkey and I'm here to talk to you about the serious
B: OK. Wait. I don't have enough for both I would like to work for some companies leisure perspective.
of them. who work in Canada and U S A and they The serious leisure perspective comes from
A: Hold on. How much is it? need really good English skills and I have the expert on leisure, Robert Stebbins, at the
to speak English very well and to work for University of Calgary in Canada. He has been
B: £2.75.
them. working on this theory since 1974. According to
A: I'll pay for it. Here's five. I really have to Stebbins, there are two main forms of leisure:
go now though. ©1.60 casual leisure and serious leisure.
B: Thanks again. Have a good trip, and see 4 Naif, Saudi Arabia Casual leisure is just that, casual. Sitting about at
you next Monday! Well I believe that English is very important home is casual leisure. Doing nothing is casual
A: Bye! See you Monday. nowadays as you cannot continue studying leisure. Watching television, reading a book.
O 1.54 without using English because it is the Maybe just going for a walk or chatting with
international language nowadays. friends over dinner. People enjoy doing these
2 A : Hey! W h a t time do you need to get to
activities because they feel good, because they're
the airport? ©1.61 relaxing, because they're fun.
B: I'm planning to be there two hours 5 Arthur, France For many of us here in America, leisure has a
before the flight. W h y ? I am learning English because I love it. bad reputation because it's not work. W e live in
A: Well, look at the time. The airport train I love the English culture, the American a society that says work is more important than
leaves in five minutes. culture, its movie, its music. leisure because leisure is lazy.
B: Oh no. But there is another form of leisure, called
A: I'm sorry, we were talking and I didn't ©1.62 serious leisure. Serious leisure activities are
see the time... 6 Dain, South Korea activities which lead to personal development.
B: No, don't worry. I ... I won't take the English is a world language so we need to Doing a sport regularly, like cycling, running,
train. I'll take a taxi. study English. It's essential. And personally I skiing, or swimming are examples of serious
A: A taxi? They're quite expensive. Let me want to be a politician or a diplomat, which leisure.
drive you to the airport. my father wants. So I think English is the
Serious leisure activities can also include making
most important thing for a politician or a
B: Really? That would be great. Thanks. things, or collecting things. Here, for example,
diplomat so that's why I am studying English
A: N o problem. W e can continue our is an image of a website for collectors of rubber
in Britain now.
conversation in the car. ducks. This is funny, yes, but an example of
serious leisure too.
Unit 5
Finally, serious leisure can mean volunteer work.
By volunteer work, I mean unpaid work helping
people other than your family. For example,
Audioscript
volunteering in a local hospital. Or in a school. - enough to get me to Los Angeles and to A: The laptop's gone down again!
Or in a home for old people. look for work as an actor. B: Did you save your work?
I believe serious leisure is important because it's A: No.
fan, yes, but it also satisfies a need in us, it can 43*2.03
B: You should really back up all your work.
change our lives. 2 Many people think my work is just I always do.
And now, moving on to my own research... disgusting, but I think it's interesting. I
A: Great ...Thanks for the advice.
spend all day working in people's rubbish.
©1.73 It's not as bad as you think. Not always, 02.12
1 A: Right. Hello and thanks again for anyway. I often work at a city landfill, you 5 A: OK, ready to do this?
coming. The purpose of today's meeting know, the place where they put all the
B: Yep. Definitely.
is to give you all the information about rubbish. Sometimes I study specific kinds
of rubbish. I'm finishing a project at the A: First, click on this button here.
moment on office rubbish: paper, plastic, B: O K . . . done.
B: Excuse me. Could I just ask a question?
that kind of thing. Office rubbish is much A: Now log on to the system.
A: Yes, Mrs. Davies.
less disgusting than restaurant rubbish. That B: What?
B: My son doesn't have all the books yet. Is was last year's project.
this a problem? A: Log on. Type in your username and
A: Not at all. W e can talk about the books 02.07 password.
in just a moment. 1 www.ebay.it, that's I - T for Italy. B: Oh.
C: Can I add that my daughter doesn't have 2 j324@hotmail.com A: What?
the books either? They haven't arrived. 3 www.facebook.com B: I can't remember my password!
A: Thank you Mr. Brown. Please don't 4 www.itt.com/english
worn about it now ...
&2.15
5 Jason_17@gmail.com A : Hi, excuse me. I noticed your bag. Are you
1.74 6 www.myspace.com going to the Technology conference?
2 A: And I think you will find that the 7 www.amazon.de, not com, D-E... B: That's right.
starting salary is veiy good. 8 sean@yahoo.co.uk, that's S-E-A-N at Y-A- A: M e too! Could we share a taxi?
B: Yes. Thank you. May I ask about H - O - O dot C - O dot U - K B: Sure.
working hours again? I'm not sure that A: The conference centre, please.
02.08
I understood. W h a t time do you expect C: OK.
l A: OK. Try now.
me to arrive in the morning?
B: No. It's still not working. A: Have you been to San Francisco before?
A: Seven o'clock.
A: Nothing? Can you see anything on the B: Er, no. N o I haven't.
B: Fine. Seven o'clock. That's early. A: Neither have I. Nice weather.
screen?
A: We need people early in the morning to B: Mm.
B: Yes. But when I click on the internet
talk to our European offices.
button nothing happens. A: M y name's Frank, by the way.
B: Of course.
A : And now? B: Nice to meet you. Claudia.
A: Is there a problem?
B: Yes! It's working now. Oh thank you thank A: Hi Claudia, where are you from, Claudia?
B: No, not at all. Not at all. you. W h a t did you do? B: Frankfurt.
£>1.75 A : The cable was old. I took a new cable A : Wow. Frankfurt. You don't have a German
3 A: OK, so the next item on the agenda is ... and connected it up to the internet accent at all.
again.
B: Can I say something here? B: I went to school in England.
A: Is it about wages? 02.09 A: So did I, Well, I'm English so ... I guess
B: No, it isn't. 2 A : So, tell me the problem again? that's normal.
A: All right then. Because we aren't talking B: Yes, I guess.
B: OK, when I try to print out a document
about wages in this meeting. the computer prints out a d i f f e r e n t A: So ... do you work for A B T Technology?
B: Can I just say that the dress code we document. B: Yes. I work in the Frankfurt office. This is
have now is terrible. Terrible. A : You mean, not the one you want to my first conference.
print? A: Oh, I've been to lots of conferences. They're
A: Thank you, David.
B: That's right. very boring you know.
B: I bate these ties.
A: Have you tried ... B: Really?
A: I know ... which is why we're talking
B: I've tried everything! A: Oh yes. The worst part is listening to our
about a change in the dress code.
president, Lance Thomas.
B: Can I also mention that the trousers are 0 2 . 10
so uncomfortable. B: Really?
3 A: No, no, it's OK, the computer person is A : Gosh yes. His talks are so boring. But the
Unit 6 here now. You're here. evening party is quite good. Do you like
B: Yes? What's the problem?
0 2.02 A : Well, I try to open my email ... and ... I
parties?
B: No, not really.
1 I did this last summer. It was an interesting get this. A : Ah. JVle neither. Not really.
part-time job - much more interesting than
B: Urg ... yuk. B: Thanks, Frank.
the other jobs I've had. There were 15 of
us in total. The study was in Texas and the A: Yeah. Disgusting, huh? A: You're welcome. Are you staying in the
scientists were looking at the effects of no B: Yeah. OK. Shut down the computer and conference hotel?
gravity on the human body. For the study leave it. B: No, I'm not.
we had to stay in bed for 15 days. Every day A: Is it a virus or something? A: Ha. jNeither am I. It's horrible. Where's your
the scientists put us in a special machine that B: I'm afraid so. hotel?
turned us around and around upside down B: I er... I don't know. Oh look, here's my
for an hour really quickly. I felt like my 02.11 husband.
brain was in my stomach after the first day. 4 A: Oh no. No!
But... at the end of the project I got $6,000 B: What's wrong?
Audioscript
Audioscript
A: Oh. Oh. A: A hundred and fifty? That's expensive. B: Right! It was used in thefilmPsych
B: Lance, this is Frank. Frank, this is m y B: You can have it for a hundred and A: Hold on, the guide says ... this is
husband Lance. twenty-five. probably one of the most well-known
A: Oh ...Er ... A: A hundred and ten? film set houses in Hollywood history.
T h e old house and motel next to it were
D: Nice to meet you, Frank. Glad you could be B: Sorry, no. A hundred and twenty-five.
built originally for the Hitchcock film
here. A: N o thanks. I'll leave it.
Psycho in the 1960s.
A: Hi. B: OK! OK! A hundred and ten. B: M m m .
2.16 02.36 A: Sometimes, at Halloween, the house and
1 Honor, England 2 A: Hello. Can I help you? motel are opened for the public to come
I think that the most useful technical and stay.
B: C a n I have some of these, please?
advance for me has been the internet, yes, B: Brrr. Staying at this place on Halloween-
A: W h i c h ones, love?
because I can do things like bookings tickets N o thank you.
B: T h e red and white ones. T h e y ' l l look
and so forth.
nice in the living room. «0»2,43
^2.17 A: Right. H e r e you are. T h r e e pounds. 3 W e l l , welcome to Bran Castle, one of the
2 Arthur, France B: T h a n k you. most famous castles in Romania. The
Television is very important for the A: W o u l d y o u like one of these small castle was occupied by the government in
information and for entertainment. plants? T h e y ' r e lovely at this time ot communist times, but was returned to its
year. owners in 2006.
2.18 B: Oh. All right. H o w m u c h is it? Of course, as many of you know, the castle
3 Sara,Italy A: Only 75p. is known as Dracula's castle. People believe
T h e most important useful technological that Vlad Tepes - the original Dracula-
B: I'll take it. Here you are.
advance is, we could say now is a computer. lived here. T h i s isn't exactly true, however,
A: Here's y o u r change. but he was kept as a prisoner here fnrsome
It's very important. I think that nobody
B: Goodbye now. time. T h e castle is now a famous tourist
could really live or work without a computer.
A: Bye. attraction, and it is visited every year by
thousands of people.
4 Antonis, Greece
3 A: Puedo ayudarte? 4 3 b 2.46
I think the plane. T h e aeroplanes, yeah.
B: Sorry, I don't speak Spanish. 1 A: Well, now is really the time to visit the
2.20 A: C a n I help you? United States.
5 M a x i m , Russia B: No, I'm just looking, thanks. B: Really?
I think that most important technological A: OK. Oh yes. T h e dollar is not very strong, so j
A:
advance for me is S M S sen-ices, of course so B: Sorry, yes. H o w much is this book? things are really cheap.
mobile phone, but especially S M S services. A: Two euros. Oh. I wanted to go to France. But, cheap
B:
is good.
^ f 2.21 B: Only two euros. That's cheap.
Listen, it you travel this month you'll get
6 Starla, England A: Yes. I put the price at ten euros. N o b o d y A:
an extra twenty per cent discount.
For m e the most technological advance I'd wants to buy it. At five euros. N o b o d y
B: T h i s month isn't possible.
say is the internet because it's convenient wants to b u y it. So T made it cheap. Two
A: Next month?
and quick and saves y o u a lot of time. euros. Do you want to buy it?
B: Yes. T have a week's holiday next month.
B: Oh.
2.22 Are there any specials then?
A: W h a t ' s wrong?
7 W i l l i a m , Ghana A: I'll ask if you like.
B: I'm the author.
Well, T think the internet is the most B: Yes, please.
A: T h e author?
important, especially w h e n you are looking B: Yes. I wrote it. I'll take it. For two euros. 2.47
for information.
2 A: And here is the main square and the
Unit 8
Unit 7 tower. T h e tower is more than five
^2.41 hundred years old, and is the tallest
*8»2,25 building in the city. T h e view from the
1 T h e Tower of L o n d o n was originally built
T h e concept of time in the English language, top of the tower is truly amazing. Today,
in 1078. It was used as a home for the
and in western culture in general, is very m u c h with this beautiful sunshine, if you go up
kings and queens ot England for almost six
linked to money. T i m e can be seen as a form of hundred years, but also served as a prison. the tower, yrou won't regret it.
currency. You can spend time and money, or save Two of the most famous prisoners in the B: Excuse me, does it cost anything to go
it. T i m e can be wasted. You can give someone Tower were the y o u n g princes Edward and up the tower?
your time, just like you can give them money. Richard. In 1483, Richard the T h i r d , their A: I'm afraid so. It costs eight euros.
W e have free time, extra time, spare time and uncle and king of England, put them in the
overtime. W e can convert time into money, and tower. T h e y were never seen again. T h e 4 8 * 2.48
m o n e y into time. T i m e , money and work are princes were ten and thirteen years old. 3 A: These are the carpets. I thought you
intimately connected. Today, people say the tower is haunted by were going to show me the food part.
their ghosts. And have some lunch.
® 2..35 B: Yes, yes. T h e food is on the other end
1 A: Do you speak English? «SS>2,42 of the market. Do not worry, my friend.
B: A little. 2 A: Look, look! W e ' l l go there later if you want. As
A: H o w much is the shirt? B: Oh, I recognise this place. It's from y o u r guide, though, I have to show you
B: T h i s one? film. everything. Look, isn't this amazing?
A: N o . T h e checked one. A: Yes, it's the house from some scary A: M m m .
B: H u n d r e d and fifty. movie.
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B: Some of these carpets take more than have a cottage - it's not a cottage, it's maybe 8 You should eat garlic. It works, I promise!
two months to make. They are all made a little house in the countryside where we 9 Just take two aspirin and stay in bed.
by hand. can grow fruit and vegetables but we don't 10 Cold medicine. Take cold medicine.
A: I'm just hungry, that's all. live in these cottages, but what 1 can say
11 You shouldn't do any exercise. You should
B: Are you sure? If you buy one of these more. Maybe prices - if you buy - if you
sell your flat in Moscow you can buy three stay in bed. Don't go out.
carpets now, I can get a good price for 12 I don't think you should stay in bed. Be
you. houses in Great Britain.
active. Go out.
A: Oh.Well... ©2.58 13 What you should do, what you really ought
B: She says if you buy two she will give you 3 Valeria, Bolivia to do, is to wash your hands regularly.
a big discount. 14 You should stay dry. Don't wash your hair or
1 would say homes in Bolivia are much
A: OK, then. How much ...? more coloured. Here, above all in Oxford, go out in the rain.
all the homes looks very similar I would say
£2.51 but in Bolivia you can find a red house just ©2.70
1 A: Hello, Greenway Holidays. besides a yellow house and it is a pretty nice A: Harry, is that you?
B: Hi, my name's Pablo Alonso. I'm calling combination of colours. B: Yes, yes... I'm home.
about the English learning holiday. A: Well, what did the doctor say?
A: You need to speak to Mrs. Knight. I'll ©2.59 B: Er. Nothing much. She said I was healthy.
put you through. 4 Katie, Northern Ireland No serious problems.
B: Thank you. Where I live in Belfast homes are quite A: Oh, that's wonderful. Did she say anything
A: Just a moment, please. varied. In inner city Belfast you have very about a diet?
small red brick terraced houses. Two up
6 2.52 B: A what?
two down houses and they - I think they
2 B: Hello? date from the 1800s - they sort of typify A: A diet.
whenever you think of the city you think of B: Oh, oh yes. She said, she said... I could eat
A: I'm sorry, but the line's busy. Do you
red brick terraced houses. some red meat. Just once a week.
want to hold?
A: That's good. You do eat a lot of meat. What
B: OK, I'll hold. ©2.60 about salt and sugar? Shouldn't you cut
62.53 5 Bea, England down on those?
J A: Hello? Homes where I live are quite large. In my B: Um. No, no she didn't say anything about
B: Hello, is that Mrs Knight? street in particular the houses have four salt or sugar.
or five bedrooms. They are usually shared A: Oh. That's strange. What about coffee?
A: No, I'm afraid she isn't here. between lots of different house mates. I
B: Can't you give me information about the B: Er, coffee, yes, coffee.
personally live with two people I didn't
English learning holiday? A: You drink five cups of coffee a day. Isn't that
know before and now one of them is a very
A: I'm sorry, I can't. Can I take a message? too much?
good friend. The houses have kitchens and
B: No, that's all right. I'll call back. separate living rooms and dining rooms and B: Oh yes. She told me that I could only drink
the best thing about my house is that it has a ... two cups a day.
02.54 large garden. A: OK. And can you go back to work?
4 A: Hello, Greenway Holidays. B: Yes. I start tomorrow.
B: Hello, this is Pablo Alonso again. Can I Unit 9
speak to Mrs Knight? ©2.72
A: I'll put you through.
©2.61 A: Hello, can I help?
The common cold can be caused by more than B: Yes, I erm, need something for a sore throat.
C: Sandra Knight speaking. Sorry to keep 200 different viruses. It really hurts.
you waiting.
An adult gets between two and five colds a A: Well, we have this syrup or these tablets.
B: Oh, hello. My name's Pablo Alonso.
year, while for children or babies the number is B: Which is better?
I'm calling about the English learning
higher; between 6 and 10 colds a year. A: They're both good. The syrup is more
holiday.
From the moment you get a cold to the moment expensive.
C: What would you like to know? you feel the symptoms is between 24 and 48
B: Well, I've looked on your website and I B: Oh, well... I'll take the tablets then. How
hours.
have a few questions about the cost. many do I take?
The total time in your life that you will have a
C: Right, of course, Mr Alonso. Our prices, A: Just one ...
cold is two to three years.
I think you'll find, are very competitive The common cold is not a deadly disease, but it B: Sorry. I'm sorry. And how often should I
is expensive. In the US alone, experts estimate take it?
that it costs the economy 3.5 billion dollars in A: Just one every four to six hours. Take it
02.56 before meal times. Are you allergic to any
lost time at work and school.
1 David, Georgia medicine?
I So homes in Georgia are very big - some ©2.65 B: No.
big ones and so we have two kind of homes. 1 You should eat hot chicken soup as soon as A: Then you'll be fine with this.
There are block of flats - there are many you feel ill. B: Can I get some antibiotics too?
I of them and we also have houses. Houses
2 Just drink water. Lots of water. A: I'm afraid you need a prescription for that.
1 usually are in the outside of the country - in
the villages. 3 Drink orange juice and lots of vitamin C. B: Oh.
4 I think you should eat foods with vitamin A, A: You know, you should really see a doctor if
02.57 like carrots. that cough continues.
2 Elena, Russia 5 Drink hot water with lemon and honey in it. B: I know. I know.
In my country we have different homes like 6 I think you should drink water with a A: Anything else?
I in England, because in England many people spoonful of salt. B: No thanks.
he in cottages, yes, but in my country we 7 Breathing hot steam works. Go for a sauna. A: That'll be £4.50 then please.
| have very big houses. Many flats, but no so
big, but good, and mostly Russian families
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