Development of E.H.S.

management system for a Heavy

Machinery and Manufacturing Industry

Final year project report

Submitted by

ITI SHARMA

R107213009

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY IN

Diaster Management

Under the guidance of

Mr.Venkata Krishnakanth

Ms. Kanchan Bahukhandi

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND ENERGY STUDIES
DEHRADUN
2015
 UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AND ENERGY
STUDIES, DEHRADUN

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified this titled “Development of E.H.S. management system for a Heavy

Machinery and Manufacturing Industry” is the bonafide work of ITI

SHARMA (R107213009) who carried out the work under my supervision.

Certified further that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does

not form part of any other thesis or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or

award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.

INTERNAL GUIDE NAME

VENKATA KRISHNAKANTH KANCHAN BAHUKHANDI

Lecturer Asst. Professor

Department of HSE Department of HSE
UPES, Dehradun UPES, Dehradun
 Abstract

Traditionally the global management system of an organization is frequently split into

DE
a number of individual management systems that are defined and implemented
according to specific management systems standards as well as managed

VE
independently. The individual implementation of is an option that leads to several
inefficiencies and sub-optimization of the global management system of an

LO
organization. As referred by ISO the interested parties’ requirements increase. A more
effective and efficient option for an organization is to integrate, into an integrated

PM
management system (IMS), the implementation and management of requirements of
multiple MSSs. Certain difficulties are associated to the structuring process,

EN
implementation, verification, evaluation, improvement and progressive development
of an Integrated Management System in the organization.

T Keywords:

OF
Integrated Management Systems (IMS), Environmental Management System (EMS),
Quality Management System (QMS),

E.H
Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OH & SMS)

.S.
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
SYS
TE
 Acknowledgement

First of all, I am indebted to my University; University of Petroleum and Energy

studies, Dehradun, which gave the tenure for this Dissertation in our due course of
study. I am grateful to Dr. Nihaal Siddiki,who guided us the right way and the whole
Department of Health and Safety, that have set the structure of the course for which
the student get the practical exposures and a fruitful career.

I am grateful to the management of Environmental Resources Management, Gurgaon,

who gave me this opportunity to work under the heads of the management of
Performance and Assurance Team.

I am grateful to Mr. Masood Mallick (Director – Environmental Resource

Management, Gurgaon, India), and Mr. Swaroop Banerjee (Principal Consultant,
E.R.M.), My Project guide in E.R.M. who helped me personally and professionally to
the extent possible in my learning and findings. I am also grateful, to the whole team
of Performance and Assurance , Mr. Pranav, Mr.Vivek, Miss Bhawna, Mr. Anupam,
Mr. H.S. Rawat, Mr. Prem Nambiar, Mr. Manohar, Miss Aarushee Kapoor who helped
me in learning many a things while developing an EHS-Management System and
mainly to Miss Ritu Sharma (Manager, Human Resource), who was a great moral
support throughout the journey.

I am also thankful to Mr Chandranshu Sharma my super senior who helped me to his

extreme in every way possible and enriching me with the right guidance at the right
time. I am also grateful to my University Guide Mr.Venket Krishnakanth and Mrs.
Kanchan , from whom I learnt many a things regarding the field of Environment and
Health Safety.

Finally and above all I am grateful to my family and friends who have stood up and
supported me in every dimension of my life and career.
 Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Why do we need Standard?
3. The principle behind the origin of standard
4. The origin of ISO
5. The history of ISO 14001 and Global environmental
concern
6. ISO 14000 series and environmental concern
7. Why is business interested?
8. Why the environmentalists are interested?
9. Good environmental Stewardship and Economic Benefit
10. Occupational health and Safety
11. Evolution of OHSAS 18000 series
12. OHSAS 18000 Series
13. Why IMS?
Development on EHS Management System for a Manufacturing unit
based on ISO 9001:2008 and 18001:2007
1. Introduction & About E.R.M.
2. Objective
3. Scope
4. Literature Review
5. Approach and Methodology
6. Results and Discussion
7. References
Annexure
Sample SOP’s
Environmental Aspect Impact Register
Legal Register
 List of Figures

1. Figure-1 Case Study: Shell

2. Figure-2 Plan –Do –Check-Act cycle

3. Figure-3 Integrated Management System

4. Figure-4 Distribution of Collaborators by

Heirarchial Level
 List of Abbreviations

 EHS :Environment ,Health ,safety

 IMS: Integrated Management System
 IER :Initial Environmental Review
 EHS-MS :Environment ,Health , Safety Management Systems
 EHS- MP :Environment ,Health ,safety management Program
 EPAP :Emergency Preparedness Action Plan
 IEHSR: Initial Environmental, Health, and safety Review
 IOHSR: Initial occupational Health and safety Review
 ISO: International Standardization of Organization
 OHSAS: Occupational Health & Safety assessment series
 MR: Management Representative
 OHSAS: Occupational Health & safety assessment Series
 EHS-IA :Environment ,Health, Safety Internal Audit
 Chapter 1
Introduction

General Discussion on the Standards

1.1 Introduction
In today’s topsy turvy world, a smooth run of the business practices is absolutely an
herculean task. Umpteen number of factors, both internal as well as external are influencing
the business scenario. These factors will have to be identified on priority basis .As the
competition grows, so is the number of that same kind of industry, happens to cater into the
market. In such a crunch situation, new entrants could change major determinants of the
market environment (e.g. market shares, prices, customer loyalty) in no time and also the
reaction time is very less to make the late adjustments. At the same time, the business
operations must be in compliance with all the legal and other requirements. Therefore, they
are bound to formulate new strategies to properly utilize their resources, minimize losses and
maximize outputs. So, if any business house wants to get the competitive edge over the
others, they have to go back to the ‘Green’ rather the ‘Green strategy’. The implementation of
EHS (based on ISO 14001:2004, OHSAS 18001:2007 Standards) management system not
only gives them a green image but also ensures that none of their activities stress upon the
environment in the long term basis. The way forward is marked by the concept of Continual
Improvement and a commitment to move beyond the compliances.

1.2 Why do we need the standards?

Standards are important in international trade because incongruent standards can be barriers
to trade, giving some organizations advantages in certain areas of the world. Standards
provide clear identifiable references that are recognized internationally and encourage fair
competition in free-market economies. Standards facilitate trade through enhanced product
quality and reliability, greater interoperability and compatibility, greater ease of maintenance
and reduced costs.

1.3 The principles behind the origin of the standards

 Consensus- The views of all interests are taken into account: manufacturers, vendors
and users, consumer groups, testing groups, testing laboratories, governments,
engineering professions and research organizations.
  Industry wide- Global solutions to satisfy industries & customers round the globe.
 Voluntary- International standardization is market driven and therefore based on
voluntary involvement of all interests in the market place.

1.4 The origin of ISO

The organization which today is known as ISO began in 1926 as the International Federation
of the National Standardizing Associations (ISA). ISO is a voluntary organization whose
members are recognized standard authorities, each one representing one country. The bulk of
the work of ISO is done by the 2700 technical committees, subcommittees and working
groups. Each committee and subcommittee is headed by a Secretariat from one of the
member organizations

Each standard goes through a six stage process before being published as an ISO standard.
The first stage is the proposal stage in which a need for a standard is determined and
members are identified who are willing to work on it. The standard then enters the
preparatory stage where a working draft of the standard is developed. When the working draft
is completed, it enters the committee stage and is sent out for comments until a consensus is
reached. The output of this stage is the Draft International Standard (DIS). The DIS then
enters the enquiry stage where it is circulated among all member bodies and then voted upon.
If a DIS does not receive 75% of the vote, it returns to lower stages and work on it continues.
If it passes the enquiry stage, it becomes a Final Draft International Standard and enters the
approval stage. During this stage it will again circulate through all member bodies for a final
vote and again it must pass this stage with 75% of the vote. If the standard passes this stage, it
enters the publication stage and is sent to the ISO Central Secretariat for publication.

1.5 The history of ISO 14001 and the global environmental concern
The ISO standard is published by the International Organization as a response to international
concern of environment. The principle behind the development of ISO 14001 is that the
organization in general, and the industry in particular, need to move beyond the regulatory
compliance towards the sustainable development. Sustainable development is defined as
development that meets the need of today without compromising the ability of the future
generations to meet their own need. Sustainable development is seen as necessary because the
global environmental degradation continues despite the introduction and enforcement of a
multitude of environmental laws and regulations. Keeping these in mind the following can be
considered:

The temperature of the earth is predicted to increase between 2.50 F to 10.40 by the end of
this century if the current rate of GHG emission continues. The impact on raising the sea
level rising and on climate change brought about by these gasses is somewhat uncertain, but
it is accepted by the world’s scientific community to be serious, adverse and possibly
irreversible.

About 25% of the world population is exposed to potentially harmful amount of Sulfur
dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter in smog. Globally 50% of case of respiratory illness
are thought to be associated with pollution.

In the 1980’s acid rain was identified as a major international environmental problem,
moving from heavy industrialized area areas of both Europe and North America and into
prime agricultural land that lay downwind. The mountain regions had suffered most because
of their higher rainfall increases the volume of acid deposition and their thin soil often could
not neutralize the acid. The condition of the lakes and the water bodies in parts of
Scandinavia and Scottland become acidified and fish population was decimated.

During the past century, the population of the world has tripled. Over roughly the same
period of time water use has increased six fold.Experts predict that by 2025 global water
needs will increase even more, with 40%more water needed for cities and 20% more water
needed for growing crops. Yet while the need increases the amount of the fresh water is
limited.
Despite the increase in the food production, the earth seems to be approaching the limits of
global food production capacity based on present technologies .At the same time
environmental damage caused by the kind of agricultural practices is continuing, and in,
many parts of the planet it’s intensifying. Huge areas of forest, wetlands are being converted
into farmlands. The extent of cropland degradation raises question about the long term
capacity of the agro-ecosystems to produce food. At the same time some of the best
farmlands of the world are being withdrawn from food production to other uses including
urbanization. One of the most urgent problems facing the world today is the loss of arable
land, which has a direct impact on global food production.

Oceans represent one of the greatest sources of food on earth as well .Global fish production
exceeds that of cattle, sheep, poultry or eggs. It represents the largest source of wild or
domestic protein in the world. These are over-exploitation to the greatest possible extent.
Coral reefs are very vulnerable to environmental change and damage from induced by human
activity.

It is estimated that about 800 years ago, forests occupied 50% of the earth surface. Today less
than 28% of that total remains. This reduction in forest cover continues: from 1990 to 2000,
the global rate of deforestation was approximately 36,294 square miles per year. In addition,
deforestation is responsible for approximately 30% of world’s annual carbon emissions into
the atmosphere.

What is especially significant is that these conditions have occurred and are getting worse
despite the rise in environmental regulations in the past 40 years. Clearly adherence to the
environmental laws and regulations is not enough. There are plenty more incidents that have
turned the focus towards the protection of the environment. These are as (1) Love canal, New
york ,where legal (at that time) burial of toxic waste was shown to contribute to significant
increase in the adverse and serious health effects of the community built over the toxic waste
dump ( Hazardous Waste Disposal), (2) The accidental release of cyanide gas in Bhopal,
India, which killed thousands of people and left a community devastated( air pollution and
chemical hazards), (3) The Cuyahoga River in Ohio caught fire and burned for several days
as a result of heavy concentration of industrial pollutants released into the river.(4) The
release of the book Silent Spring, by Rachel Carson, which presents the results of the studies
of bio-accumulation of chemicals and toxins (especially DDT, the wonder pesticide of the
1960s) throughout the ecosystem and their potential effect on the humans.

The results of these incidents and other events gave birth to Regulations, Laws nation-wise to
protect the environment.

What become clear, however, is that compliance those regulations is not enough. New and
serious environmental issues have surfaced and are in many cases accelerating despite the
improvements that have been driven by these environmental regulations. One of the most
prominent issues is the increase in the GHGs and the subsequent concern of global warming.
Other concerns include the ozone depletion of the earth’s upper atmosphere (which has been
stabilized due to global ban on chlorofluorocarbon, or CFCs), acid rain, desertification and
the other concerns .Even with the passage with the environmental laws, these issues have
continued, and in many cases grown, driving industry towards environmental stewardship
and the adoption of the principles of sustainable development. ISO 14001 was created to
provide a model that organizations can use to move beyond compliance.

1.6 Environmental Protection and ISO 14000 series

The concept of an environmental management system, evolved in the early nineties and its
origin can be traced back to 1972, when the United Nations organized a Conference on the
Human Environment in Stockholm and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
was launched. In 1992, the first Earth Summit was held in Rio-de-Janeiro. Uruguay round of
the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations was also been held in the
same year. At that time, GATT concentrated on the needs of reducing non-tariff barriers to
trade and the Rio Summit made a commitment to the protection of the environment across the
world. Thus, the environmental field has seen a steady growth of national and regional
standards. The British Standard Institute Group published the world's first environmental
management systems standard, BS 7750 in the year 1992. The quality standard was The BS
7750 was developed as a complementary standard with BS 5750, which was a quality
standard. This supplied the template for the development of the ISO 14000 series in 1996, by
the International Organization for Standardization, which has representation from committees
all over the world (ISO).
The ISO 14000 EMS intends to provide and establish the basic systems which lead to
effective environmental management for any organization. These systems can be integrated
with other management requirements. The primary objective of the ISO 14000 EMS is to
help companies to reduce their environmental impact through a systematic control system.
Such systems can also help reduce product costs and enhance the competitiveness of products
in the international.

1.7 Why Is Business Interested?

In broad terms, ISO 14000 can fill two requirements in an organization. The first is the
internal need for a system that will help the organization address all of the legal, commercial
and other challenges related to the environment that face it today. The second is the need to
be able to assure those outside of the company that the company is meeting its stated
environmental policies.

A) Internal Benefits:-

i) Reduce incidents and liability: A systematic approach to managing environmental issues

can help to ensure that environmental incidents and liability are reduced.
ii) Efficiency: A systematic approach can help to identify opportunities to conserve material
and energy inputs, to reduce wastes and to improve process efficiency.
iii) Performance: A systematic approach to management leads indirectly to improved
environmental performance and improved cost control.
iv)Improved corporate culture: Top management commitment to improved environmental
management, clearly defined goals, responsibilities and accountabilities, creates a greater
awareness and understanding of environmental issues and an improved corporate culture.
B) External Benefits:-
i) Third party assurance and recognition: Companies often have to demonstrate that their
products and services meet certain conditions. This is exactly what standards do efficiently,
especially when combined with third party conformity assessment programs. They reduce or
eliminate the need of companies to individually inspect each supplier’s products and services
with its own auditors. International standards such as the ISO 14000 series provide the widest
possible recognition of this assurance.
ii) Market access: ISO 14000 may become a pre-requisite of doing business. Companies
have turned to agreed-upon international standards as a way of meeting certain expectations.
Customers may demand that their suppliers meet specific environmental goals and have ISO
14000 certification to ensure that the goals are being met.
iii) Regulatory relief: Regulators may begin to recognize the assurance provided by ISO
14000 and offer some sort of regulatory relief, such as easier permitting, fewer inspections
and streamlined reporting requirements, to those who implement EMS.
iv) Expression of due diligence: By using ISO 14000 to systematically identify and manage
environmental risk and liability, the courts, investors and lenders, and regulators may all use
it as assign of due diligence and commitment to good environmental management.

1.8 Why Should Environmentalists Be Interested?

Most outside stakeholders are more interested in how an organization actually performs than
in the tools it may use to achieve that performance. Stakeholder interest goes beyond simply
knowing that an EMS is in place. ISO 14000 does not set environmental performance
Standard. It leaves these up to the organization, saying only that its policies must include a
commitment to comply with all relevant laws and regulations. How then can those interested
in improving environmental performance make use of the system? First, ISO 14000 provides
a useful tool with which to hold companies accountable. When a company does establish a
positive environmental policy, the ISO 14000 system can be used to check that it is actually
accomplishing its goals, and reporting appropriately on them. Furthermore, companies can be
encouraged to insist that all of their suppliers meet the environmental policy goals. Finally,
just the existence of an EMS in a company will usually lead to environmental performance
improvements. It is in the nature of organizations that when an issue is brought into their
management structure, they try to deal with it systematically and positively. If encouraged by
substantive inputs from customers, environmental groups and other stakeholders, the chances
of improvement become greater. The EMS and performance are closely related, because it is
the EMS that generates the information by which performance is measured and future plans
established. Thus, stakeholders should want to know two things about an organization in
which the stakeholder is interested, the fact that it has an ISO 14000 compliant EMS, and an
understanding of the organization’s environmental policies and goals. By providing a
common basis for defining an appropriate environmental management system for many kinds
of organizations, ISO 14000 provides a context within which an organization’s claims about
its environmental performance can be assessed.

1.9 Economic Benefits of good environmental Stewardship

The focus of moving beyond regulatory compliance embedded in ISO 14001 provides
sufficient justification for its adoption and implementation. ISO 14001 can also provide
significant economic benefits as well, a few of these are as follows:

i) Corporate reputation and image: Customer goodwill can be permanently damaged by a

single incident. A properly designed and maintained EMS shall lower the risk of
environmental accidents. The instance of “Exxon” can work as an eye opener. The first image
that comes into the mind is that of the oil-soaked seagulls off the Alaskan coast. The
momentary cost of such incident goes far beyond the cost of cleanup.
ii) Lower environmentally related cost and fees: A properly implemented and maintained
EMS shall significantly lower the cost associated with the licenses, disposal fees, and permits
and the administrative costs associated with manifesting and reporting once the organization
starts focusing on the resource reduction versus treatment and the disposal.
iii) Increased access to new customers: Many large companies now require their suppliers
to ISO 14001 certified. For example the Ford Motor Company, General Motors all require
certification for their direct suppliers. Obtaining certification can open new markets for their
organization.
iv) Direct savings through environmental source reduction:
The real environmental benefits arise from environmental improvement projects undertaken
as a part of the organization’s commitment to the continual improvement and the pollution
prevention.

1.10 Occupational health and safety

Occupational health and safety is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the
safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of all
occupational health and safety programs is to foster a safe work environment. As a secondary
effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers,
nearby communities, and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace
environment. It may involve interactions among many subject areas, including occupational
medicine, occupational (or industrial) hygiene, public health, safety engineering, chemistry,
health physics.

1.11 Evolution of OHSAS 18000

In the history of Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) management system standard, the
development of OHSAS 18001: 1999 was certainly a milestone. Lots of international
Standards were being used as the input raw materials in making of the OHSAS 18000 series.
OHSAS 18001 was created via a concerted effort from a number of the world’s leading
national standards bodies, certification bodies, and specialist consultancies. A main driver for
this was to try to remove confusion in the workplace from the proliferation of certifiable
Occupational Health & Safety specifications.

1.12 OHSAS 18000 Series:

Since 1950, the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization
(WHO) have shared a common definition of occupational health. It was adopted by the Joint
ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health at its first session in 1950 and revised at its
twelfth session in 1995. The definition reads: "Occupational health should aim at: the
promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of
workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused
by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks
resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an
occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to
summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job". This standard is based
on the methodology known as Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA).

There are lots of sensitive issues are associated with Occupational Health & Safety. In most
of the countries this discipline demands a mandatory regulation through the enactment of
some Acts and rules. Also, different Governments, both at country level and state level,
typically have their own requirements and there is little consistency among them.
Recognizing this diversity, when OHSAS 18001 was first introduced in 1999, it was released
only as a specification and not as a standard. Expectedly, at first there were barriers to
implementation. To drive more consistency in interpretation and adoption, the International
Labor Organization (ILO) published guidelines for the OH&S in 2001.

There are two specific standards in the OHSAS 18000 series. They are:

1.13 OHSAS 18001:2007

This is the "Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Specification". It was
developed in response to urgent demand for a recognized standard against which
occupational safety management systems can be assessed. It is compatible with ISO 9001 and
ISO 14001.It covers issues such as planning for hazard identification, risk assessment
/control, OHS management, awareness and competence, training, communication, emergency
preparedness and response, performance measuring and improvement.

1.14 OHSAS 18002:2008

This provides guidelines for the implementation of OHSAS 18001. It explains the
requirements of this and how to work towards implementation/registration.However, the
collective experience has resulted in a situation where the OHSAS has moved from being a
specification in 1999 to a standard in 2007.This updated version has successfully
incorporated basic viewpoints of current OH&S theories and methods, and provided a
friendlier interface with management practices. This makes it easy for organizations to
understand the intent behind the requirements. Though challenging, these requirements are
significant enough to interest the experts within an organization since they are practical
requirements and drive improvement actions.

1.15 Why IMS?

An Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Management System is an Integrated

Management System Designed as per ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 and adopted by the
Management of an Organization, in order to assess, measure and evaluate its EHS
Performance, through a structured and effective monitoring and measurement approach and
methodology. An Integrated Management System of Environment, Health and Safety (SIGAS
& S) is a management system that facilitates the ordered approach to the issues of
Environment, Health and Safety (EH & S) to ensure compliance with requirements
concerning AS & S (defined by regulatory requirements policies, procedures and business
rules, and expectations of business customers, service providers / contracts and other
plaintiffs. The EH & S issues arising from the activities of the company are managed by
applying a systematic approach.

ABOUT ERM
ERM is a leading global provider of environmental, health, safety, risk, and social consulting
services. Environmental Resources Management (ERM) is a leading global provider of
environmental, health, safety, risk, social consulting services and sustainability related
services. We have more than 150 offices in over 40 countries and territories employing more
than 5,000 people. ERM is committed to providing a service that is consistent, professional
and of the highest quality to create value for our clients. Over the past three years we have
worked for more than 50 per cent of the Global Fortune 500 delivering innovative solutions
for business and selected government clients helping them understand and manage the
sustainability challenges that the world is increasingly facing.

For over 40 years we have been working with clients around the world and in diverse
industry sectors to help them to understand and manage their environmental, health, safety,
risk and social impacts. The key sectors we serve include Oil & Gas, Mining, Power, and
Manufacturing, Chemical and Pharmaceutical. All face critical sustainability challenges and
our clients in these and many other areas rely on our ability to assist them operate more
sustainably which has a positive impact on our planet.

Health and Safety at E.R.M.

At ERM, we believe that ensuring the health and safety (H&S) of everyone involved in any
aspect of our work - including ERM employees, clients, contractors, communities and the
public - is the foundation of our license to operate. We recognize that our daily actions,
whether we are working in office locations or sensitive sites throughout the world, require
diligent safety planning and management to achieve our ultimate goal of ZERO harm.

Sustainability at ERM

Sustainability at ERM is a commitment to supporting socioeconomic development that

meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs.

This includes minimizing society’s impact on the environment such that it can support those
future needs while promoting social and economic development that allows all communities
to enjoy these benefits going forward.

ERM and Sustainability:

As the world’s leading sustainability consultancy, ERM is positioned uniquely to contribute

to the resolution of complex sustainability challenges.

We are a global provider of environmental, health, safety, risk, sustainability and social
consulting services. Sustainability describes what we do, day in and day out - within our own
operations, how we deliver our projects and through the services we provide to our clients.

Industries: E.R.M. Serves

Oil & Gas

Assisting upstream (conventional and unconventional), mid-stream, and downstream clients
with new market entry, exploration and production, capital project support, sustainable
operational excellence, and asset retirement.

Mining & Metals

Helping clients with new market entry, capital project support, sustainable operational
excellence, and closure across the range of commodity minerals and metals refining.

Power
Facilitating with site selection, impact assessments, licensing and permitting, compliance
assurance, safety, and asset retirement obligations for renewable and non-renewable energy
assets

Chemicals

Partnering with clients to deliver sustainable solutions to increasing regulatory demands, the
maintenance of cost control, delays due to non-technical risk and • Safety program
performance

Manufacturing & Pharmaceutical

Consulting with national and multinational clients on product sustainability, merger,

acquisition & divestitures, compliance assurance, remediation portfolio management
including DD&D of retiring assets.

Services ERM Offers

Air Quality and Climate Change

Proactively addressing challenges around air quality, carbon management, energy efficiency
and climate risk.
Contaminated Site Management
Creating strategies and implementing projects to support the life cycle of contaminated site
mitigation from initial investigations and risk assessments to remediation.
Impact Assessment and Planning
Helping to deliver sustainable projects by managing environmental, social and health impacts
Performance and Assurance
Helping corporations reach their environmental, health and safety performance potential
Risk Management
Quantifying and managing the safety risks associated with hazardous installations and
processes, with the objective of protecting people,assets and the environment
Corporate Sustainability Strategy
Advising corporate leadership on their sustainability agenda.
Sustainable Safety
Helping clients create a safer workplace.
Case Study: Shell

Figure:1

Background
Manage soil and ground water environmental issues at an oil refinery in Australia for Shell

Our Approach

Further to the recently-won Global Environmental Services Strategy (GESS) contract with
Shell, ERM has secured a two-year contract to manage soil and groundwater environmental
issues at Shell’s refinery in Geelong, Australia (60 km southwest of Melbourne). The work
ERM is involved in is being driven by both an Environment Protection Authority (EPA)
Cleanup Notice and by the refinery’s Environment Improvement Plan (EIP).

ERM is assisting Shell develop a more holistic understanding of the nature and extent, fate
and transport, and associated potential risks from contamination and is also helping to
implement controls and remediation where warranted to mitigate potential exposure to
receptors.

As the contamination issues involve potential exposure to workers, neighbors, and the
ecology of the area, ERM’s work will involve a number of conceptual exposure model
elements. For example, work already underway or planned in the near term involves:

 Human health, marine and near shore ecological risk assessments.

 Soil, soil vapor, and groundwater investigations using dynamic work plans and real-
time data collection to reduce the time and costs needed to develop appropriate
cleanup strategies.
 Groundwater fate and transport evaluations.
 Maintaining existing remedial containment systems and testing new approaches.
 Routine performance monitoring.
 Developing a cleanup plan for EPA approval.
 Chapter 2
Literature Survey
2.1 Occupational Health and Safety System

By: Gerard Zwetsloo

Year: 2001

"The management of innovation by frontrunner companies in environmental management

and health and safety", in a study written that -A European case study on the relationships of
environmental management and health and safety with an emphasis on innovation and
organisational learning in five European frontrunner companies was carried out. Three major
factors are regarded as essential conditions for the realisation of innovations: the willingness
and capability of the company and the availability of relevant opportunities. This project
focuses on the willingness and capability for innovation. The willingness to innovate is
increased by increased financial profitability, manager’s awareness of strategic importance of
environmental management, well defined qualitative aims and quantitative targets, striving
towards continuous improvement, the creation of new business opportunities, the
involvement of R&D, improved product design, striving towards improvement in the material
and energy efficiency and proven successes in this area, and improved employee motivation.
The capabilities for innovation are increased by visible management commitment, a corporate
culture aiming at continuous improvement in all respects (TQM), cross functional co‐
operation, EHS training and qualification programmes, networking with other companies or
sites, stimuli for initiatives from employees, monitoring progress in behavioural aspects, and
participation and improved employee involvement. Then three aspects are discussed: the
different focuses in environmental (or EHS) management; the vital contribution of the
cultural aspect; the growing meaning of the “softer” aspects of EHS Management. Finally the
limitations of this study are discussed.
2.2 Management of health, safety and environment in process industry
By: Nijs Jan Duijm, Cécile Fiévez, Marko Gerbec, Ulrich Hauptmanns,
Myrto Konstandinidou

2001
The present status of industrial HSE management in a number of EU member states is
reviewed, with a focus on the integration of health, safety and environment in single
management systems. The review provides insight into the standards and paradigms adopted
by industry, and it identifies trends and needs for improvement. It appears that most
industries consider goal-based HSE management programs to be a success and believe them
to contribute to the profitability of the industry. We conclude that HSE management would
benefit greatly from guidance on how to use existing management systems efficiently and
also from the further development of meaningful safety performance indicators that identify
the conditions prior to accidents and incidents

2.3 The management of innovation by frontrunner companies in

environmental management and health and safety
Gerard Zwetsloot (TNO Work and Employment and Erasmus Centre for
Environmental Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands)
2004

A European case study on the relationships of environmental management and health and
safety with an emphasis on innovation and organisational learning in five European
frontrunner companies was carried out. Three major factors are regarded as essential
conditions for the realisation of innovations: the willingness and capability of the company
and the availability of relevant opportunities. This project focuses on the willingness and
capability for innovation. The willingness to innovate is increased by increased financial
profitability, manager’s awareness of strategic importance of environmental management,
well defined qualitative aims and quantitative targets, striving towards continuous
improvement, the creation of new business opportunities, the involvement of R&D, improved
product design, striving towards improvement in the material and energy efficiency and
proven successes in this area, and improved employee motivation. The capabilities for
innovation are increased by visible management commitment, a corporate culture aiming at
continuous improvement in all respects (TQM), cross functional co‐operation, EHS training
and qualification programmes, networking with other companies or sites, stimuli for
initiatives from employees, monitoring progress in behavioural aspects, and participation and
improved employee involvement. Then three aspects are discussed: the different focuses in
environmental (or EHS) management; the vital contribution of the cultural aspect; the
growing meaning of the “softer” aspects of EHS Management. Finally the limitations of this
study are discussed.

2.4 The effects of occupational health and safety management on work

environment and health: A prospective study
by S. Torp, B. E. Moen
2006

According to Norway's Internal Control Regulation, all companies are required to have an
occupational health and safety (H&S) management system. This study investigated the
effects of implementing or improving occupational H&S management on the work
environment, H&S-related behaviour and musculoskeletal health of workers in small and
medium-sized companies. A one-year prospective cohort study, using self-administered
questionnaires, was performed among the managers and blue-collar workers in 226 motor
vehicle repair garages. Out of 1559 workers that responded at baseline 721 workers could be
identified at follow-up. These 721 workers were included in the study. The workers in
companies with improved H&S management from baseline to follow-up reported increased
satisfaction with the H&S activities at the garage; improved support from management and
colleagues; improved health-related support and control; and increased participation in H&S
activities.
2.5 Development of the health, safety and environment excellence
instrument: A HSE-MS performance measurement tool
by I. Mohammadfam, S. Mahmoudi, A. Kianfar
2012
Quality and effectiveness are vital factors in health, safety and environment management
systems. In order to move towards the goal of increasing quality, to achieve best results, to
reach the continuous improvement of system services and productions, and also to make the
internal and external customers satisfied, it is necessary to consider the system performance
measurement. This study was aimed to represent Health, Safety and Environment Excellence
Instrument to measure the performance of a wide range of health, safety and environment
management systems. The development of the proposed tool overall structure, its principles,
and its test results in three different contractors of MAPNA Group are presented in this
article. Test results in three organizations revealed that, on the whole, the instrument has the
ability to measure the performance and efficiency of health, safety and environment
management systems in a wide range of systems.

2.6 Model-based analysis of the health, safety and environment domain in

the process industry
by R. Gaches, M. Chaumont
2012
The chemical process industry needs well-defined, engineering-controlled operation
procedures to insure the safety of their plant operations and to protect the people working
with hazardous materials. Accidents may seriously harm the employees, destroy expensive
factory equipment and contaminate and deteriorate the environment of the entire areas. The
engineering control can be significantly enhanced through the use of process models for
situation analysis. Process models will also provide effective decision support in the plant
operation. The objective was to develop in Elf-Atochem a reference model for improving the
complex process for implementing and tracking a work permit for people working in plant
areas with health, safety and environmental risks. This permit documents all protection and
formal authorizations required prior to any work in the hazardous areas of a chemical plant.
The model consists of a process model and an information model. It further provides the
identification of knowledge required to manage the work permit and to facilitate the
automation of a number of activities. The model serves to analyze the process and to define
the user requirements for a workflow application program. The methodology Coosa/rug,
which is based on CIMOSA, has been applied together with the modelling tool CimTool to
document the requirements model.

2.7 Current situation of certification system and future improvements of

the occupational health and safety management system for loss prevention
in Korea - Focused on KOSHA 18001
by Sung woon Lee, Kyu hwan Kim, Tae gu Kim
2013

The world has increasingly been establishing guidelines for industrial safety and health to
promote occupational safety and health. The Korean government is also providing the
establishment, execution, coordination and control of the industrial safety and health policy
and safety assessment and improvement for harmful and dangerous machines, instruments,
and equipment, protective devices, personal protective equipment, etc. Specifically, this
centered on the ILO enacted ILO-OSH 2001 guidelines, for safety and health management
system in 2001. However, varied modifications were adopted because the ordinances and
guidelines are diverse by nations. In addition, Korea has introduced and disseminated the
safety and health management system to workplaces since 1999. However, businesses have
shown reservations to introducing the safety and health management system on economic
grounds. There are a lot of losses in the business because they lack experts group in the
workplace and operate the quality, environment, and Safety & health management systems
separately. Accordingly, in this study, KOSHA have investigated the problems and the future
improvements of the safety and health management system.
2.8 Establishing the basis for Development of an Organization by Adopting
the Integrated Management Systems: Comparative Study of Various
Models and Concepts of Integration
Marieta Olarua, Dorin Maierb, , , Diana Nicoarăc, Andreea Maierd
2013

Organizations are becoming more aware of the importance of Integrated Management

Systems (IMS). Integrating two or more management systems into an integrated management
system can have much advantages.This paper examines various models of management
systems integration in accordance with professional references ISO 9001, ISO 18001 and
OHSAS 18001, highlighting strengths and weaknesses, creating a basis for future
development of integrated management systems, and their involvement in various other
processes within the organization, such as innovation process.

2.9 An integrated management systems approach to corporate social

responsibility
Muhammad Asifa, b, , , Cory Searcyc, Ambika Zutshid, Olaf A.M.
Fisschere
2013

A great deal of research has emphasized the strategic management of corporate social
responsibility (CSR). However, gaps remain on how CSR can be effectively integrated with
existing business processes. One key question remaining is how to design business processes
so that they accommodate stakeholder requirements in an integrated manner. The purpose of
this paper is to present a framework that can be used to integrate CSR into business
processes. The framework highlights the concept of simultaneous ‘top-down integration’ and
‘bottom-up community-related indicators development’ approaches to CSR. These two
approaches are elaborated with the help of two cases. The top-down approach focuses on
building CSR into existing business initiatives through an integrated management systems
(IMS) approach. This paper concludes that an IMS approach provides the infrastructure for
the integration of CSR. The bottom-up approach focuses on the development of indicators
linked to community initiatives. Examples of best practice for both the top-down and bottom-
up approaches are provided in two case studies.

2.10 Integrated Paper Recycling Management System in UKM Campus

Ramah Elfithria, Tiew Kian Gheeb, Noor Ezlin Ahmad Basrib, Shahrom
Md Zainb
2013

Solid waste always produce negative impacts to the environment, thus effective solutions
must be implemented. However, most people are not concerned of the importance of
recycling. At the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) which has already launched the
sustainable campus programme in 2007, the initiative to managing the solid waste and
conducting the recycling programs were advocated through the Zero Waste Campus Initiative
(ZWCI), where the team are committed to do the awareness, practices and enforcement
regarding solid waste management in UKM. It would be undesirable if these initiatives to
educate the majority of the community of UKM were not put into practice. To solve this
problem, a study has been conducted to determine an effective method of recycling
management at UKM in providing quality service that encouraged UKM's community to
recycle. The effectiveness of recycling programs is influenced by a number of factors such as
proper service facilities and good management system. Paper recycling boxes in each office
which is one of recycling component that play important role to educate UKM staff and
awareness of importance recycling system in waste management campus. This paper
discusses the efforts carried out at UKM to create an operational system and implement
efficient recycling management by improving the current management system.
 Chapter 3
Materials and Methods

PLAN –DO-CHECK-ACT-IMPROVE: Management Systems Standards

Figure: 2
Table:1 Plan-Do-Check-Act

PLAN ISO 14001 ISO 9001 OHSAS 18001

Establish the objectives PLANNING RESOURCE PLANNING
and processes necessary MANAGEMENT OH & S
to deliver results in Environmental targets and Personnel objectives; hazard
accordance with the objectives; competence, identification and risk
expected output (the identification of training and assessment;
target or goals). environmental aspects and awareness; extent to which material
assessment of material resources and
potential impacts; financial
extent to which resources are
material and financial. affected;

DO IMPLEMENTATION PRODUCT IMPLEMENTATI

AND AND/OR ON AND
OPERATION SERVICE OPERATION
Implement the plan, Environmental REALIZATION OH & S
execute the process, make management Key processes; management programs;
the product. Collect data programs; control of purchasing; control of
for charting and analysis documents; service provision; documents; operational
in the following operational control; measurement and control; emergency
"CHECK" and "ACT" emergency monitoring equipment plans
steps. preparedness and response
CHECK CHECKS AND MEASUREMEN CHECKS AND
Study the actual results CORRECTIVE T,ANALYSIS CORRECTIVE
(measured and collected ACTIONS AND ACTIONS
in "DO" above) and Monitoring and Monitoring and
IMPROVEMEN
compare against the measurement; measurement;
expected results (targets T
compliance- Client and employee accidents,
or goals from the nonconformities nonconformities and
"PLAN") to ascertain any satisfaction;
assessment, corrective and corrective corrective and
differences. preventive actions; records actions for non- preventive actions;
control; conformities; records control; internal
internal audits preventive actions; audits
internal
audits
ACT POLICY MANAGEMENT POLICY
If the CHECK shows that Environmental aspects; RESPONSIBILI Hazards and risks; legal
the PLAN that was legal and other TY and other
implemented in DO is an requirements; Quality policy requirements; OH & S
improvement to the prior environmental policy Decentralized policy
standard (baseline), then management;
that becomes the new communication and
standard (baseline) for information
how the organization
should ACT going
forward (new standards
are enacted.)
IMPROVE Continual improvement Continual Continual improvement
Continual improvement and innovation of the MSs, improvement and and innovation of the
and with the main objectives of innovation of the MSs,
innovation of MSs its optimization and MSs, with the main objectives
processes satisfaction of all interested with the main of its optimization and
parties with focus on them objectives of its satisfaction of all
for consequent optimization and interested
development and sustained satisfaction of all parties with focus on
success of the interested them for consequent
organizations. parties with focus on development and
them for consequent sustained success of the
development and organizations.
sustained success of
the organizations.

The Materials and Methods is divided into two phases. Phase I and Phase II
3.1 Phase-I
Designing a EHS Management System

1) Selection of core working task force and conducting Awareness and Training Programme.
A team shall be structured, in consultation with the management of E.R.M. to form the HSE
Core Working Group , to be led by a Management Representative (MR), who would
primarily be the chief personnel in command of the assignment.
The Management Representative shall subsequently form a team comprising the following:
• Representatives from the Administrative function
• Representatives from the Production function
• Representatives from the Utilities function
• Representatives from the EHS function
Should any of the above representatives require any further assistance, then the same may
form a sub team comprising of one or two personnel. The HSE Governance Organizational
Structure shall subsequently be set up and accordingly the roles and responsibilities will be
defined for each of the personnel.

2) Conducting initial EHS review to identify significant EHS impacts and risks
All the activities of the plant shall be examined by conducting a site visit to all departments
and facilities, in order to be acquainted with various process and activities and through one to
one discussions with the operating staff, as found necessary, and in consultation with the
respective coordinating ERM member. This shall follow the identification of gaps related to
SHE issues, existing in the plant, in consultation with the relevant plant personnel of the
respective facility. This shall follow the preparation of Initial EHS Review of the plant, for
the respective departments. This Initial SHE Review shall be carried out based on an
appropriate model to identify the significant issues. On the completion of the identification of
the significant EHS issues, the significance associated with the issues, shall be assessed in
consultation with the deputed Coordinator of ERM Pvt. ltd. Subsequently, any other gap, if
present, shall also be addressed.

3) Compliances Verification of the EHS related regulation

The kind of activities that are carried on in the intermediate manufacturing unit, do have their
impacts on the environment as well as on the occupational health & safety issues. These
kinds of activities will have to be in compliance with laws that apply to these kind of
activities will.
1) Development of integrated EHS policy in consultation with the core working group
and management.

Figure: 3
The ISO 14001:2004 Standards the environmental policy should reflect the following:
• Appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its activities, products
and services
• A commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution,
• A commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements and with other
requirements to which the organization subscribes which relate to its environmental
aspects,
• Provides the framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives and
targets,
• Documented, implemented and maintained,
• Communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organization, and
• Available to the public.

The OHSAS 18001:2007 Standards the Occupational Health & Safety policy should
reflect the following:
• Appropriate to the nature and scale of the organization’s OH&S risks;
• A commitment to prevention of injury and ill health and
• Continual improvement in OH&S management and OH&S performance;
• A commitment to at least comply with applicable legal
• Requirements with other requirements to which the organization subscribes that relate to
its OH&S hazards
• Provides the framework for setting and reviewing OH&S objectives;
• Documented, implemented and maintained;
• Communicated to all persons working under the control of the
• Organization with the intent that they are made aware of their Individual OH&S
obligations
• Available to interested parties and reviewed periodically to ensure that it remains relevant
and appropriate to the organization.
• Communicate openly about our activities and report progress on our safety, health and
environmental performance

The ISO 9001:2008 Standards the Quality Policy should reflect the following:
 Commitment of senior management to monitor, control, and improve quality.
Organizations that implement an ISO system without this desire and commitment often
take the cheapest road to get a certificate on the wall and ignore problem areas
uncovered in the audits.
 How well the ISO system integrates into current business practices.
.
 How well the ISO system focuses on improving customer experience.
 How well the auditor finds and indicates areas of improvement.

Advantages of implementing IS 9001:2008

Implementing ISO often gives the following advantages:
 Creates a more efficient, effective operation
 Increases customer satisfaction and retention
 Reduces audits
 Enhances marketing
 Improves employee motivation, awareness, and morale
  Promotes international trade
 Increases profit
 Reduces waste and increases productivity
 Common tool for standardization

5) Development of Documents
The following documents are prepared.
• Initial Environmental Review (IER)
 Standard Operating Procedures
• Initial occupational Health safety Review (IOHSR)
• Legal Register ( Environment & Safety)
• Operational Control Procedures (OCP)
• Emergency Preparedness Action Plan (EPAP)
• Management Programme and manual

3.2 Phase-II:
A) Switch over from Design to Implementation and post implementation
1) Switch over from Design to Implementation
2) Review and official release of documents
3) Implementation of the designed EHS management system.
4) Identifying the 3rd party for verification to certification of ISO 14001:2004 &
OSHAS 18001: 2007.
B) Post Implementation
1) Internal EHS Review Training Program, with focus on EHS Legal Requirements Standard
Operating Procedures and Skills that would be required for Auditing.
2) Internal EHS Audit at Site, followed by Submission of Gap Identification Report and
Methodology to Close the Gaps.
3) Closure of Gaps in consultation with the Core Working Group.
 Chapter 4
Result and Discussion

4.1 Detail discussion on Clause wise Requirement

4.2 Environment & Health safety policy

The Environment and Health Policy is the driver of the EHS-MS. The policy statement is
important. Everything that is done within the EHS-MS should be consistent and aligned with
the policy statement. The standard requires that the policy statement:
• Be defined by top management
• Be consistent with the organization’s scale and nature of operation
• Be documented, implemented and maintained
• Be periodically reviewed to ensure it remains relevant and consistent with the scale and
nature of the operation
• Be communicated throughout the organization; and
• Be made available to the public (i.e interested parties)

4.3 Approach for Structuring a Methodology to Develop an IMS

The standards ISO 14001 [2], ISO 9001 [3] and OHSAS 18001 [4], and the identification of
common areas and requirements versus correspondences between them allowed to structure
from the existing individual MSs in organizations, a methodology to develop integration of
E.M.S. with other standardized standards.
Figure 4: Distribution of collaborators by hierarchical level.

4.4 Planning

Environmental Aspects & Hazard identification, risk assessment and determining controls
The organization shall identify the Environmental aspects and Hazards associated with its
activities and services. Aspects/ Hazards which may result in significant impacts/ risks shall
be identified, assessed and documented. A procedure shall be developed for same taking into
consideration at-least the following points:
• Routine and non-routine activities
• Human behavior, capabilities & other human factors
• Hazards or aspects identified in the vicinity as well as outside the workplace
• Management of change
• Any applicable legal obligation
• The design of work areas, processes, installations, operating procedures etc.

Examples for items for the inclusion in hazard identification checklist-

Physical Hazards
• Noise
• Vibration
• Illumination
Chemical Hazards
Substances hazardous to health or safety due to:
• Inhalation of vapor
• Contact with , or being adsorbed through, the body
• Ingestion
• The storage, incompatibility, or degradation of materials

Biological Hazards

Biological agents, allergens, or pathogens (such as bacteria or virus) that might be :

• Inhaled
• Transmitted via contact, including by body fluids (eg. needle-stick injuries),insect bites
• Ingested (e.g via contaminated food)

Accidental Hazards

It includes the following:

Falls, trips, slips, struck by, burns, cuts, injuries , fire explosions, shocks
Psychosocial Hazards/Ergonomical Hazards
Situations that can lead to negative Psychosocial (including psychological) conditions, such
as stress (including psychological ) conditions ,such as stress (including post traumatic
stress).anxiety, fatigue, depression, from eg:
• Excessive work load
• Lack of communication or management control
• Workplace physical environment
• Physical violence
• Bullying or intimidation

4.5 Legal and Other Requirement

Organization shall:
• Identify and Access the legal and other HSE requirements, as applicable, and shall ensure
its inculcation in the design and implementation of HSE Management System
• Keep this information up to date.
• Communicate relevant information on the same to its employees and other interested
parties.

4.6 List of applicable Laws

The Acts and Rules that are needed to be complied with depending on the kind of activities
that are carried on are as follows:
• The Water (Prevention & Control Of Pollution) Act, 1974
• The Water (Prevention & Control Of Pollution) Rules, 1975 ,
• The water (Prevention and control of pollution)The Water (Prevention & Control Of
Pollution) CESS ACT, 1977 ,The Water (Prevention & Control of pollution) Cess Rules,
1978
• The Air (Prevention & Control of pollution) ACT, 1981 The air (Prevention and Control
of pollution) Rules,1981
• The Environmental (protection) Act ,1986 and Environmental Protection Rules,1986
• The Environmental (protection) Act ,1986 & The Hazardous Waste (Management &
Handling) Rules,2003
• The Environmental (protection) Act ,1986 & Manufacture Storage and Import of
Hazardous Chemical Rules/Amendment Rules
• The Environment (protection) Act,1986 & The Batteries (management &
Handling)Rules,2000/2001
• The Environment (Protection) Act 1986 & The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation
& Control) Rules,2000
• The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 and The Public Liability Insurance Rules 1991
• The Environmental Protection Act 1986 and the Environmental Impact Assessment
Notofication,1994,2007
• The Contract Labor (Regulation & Abolition) Act & it’s Central Rules 1971
• The Employees State Insurance Act ,1948/The Employees State Insurance (General)
Regulations,1950
• The States Factories rules (Uttar Pradesh Factories Rules)
• The Petroleum Act,1934
• The Explosives Act,1884
• Manufacture, Storage and Import of hazardous chemical rules(MSIHCR),1989,as
amended upto 2000.
• Control of industrial major accident hazard(CIMAH) Rules,1999
• Hazardous wastes rules,2008,as amended upto 2010.
• Chemical accidents rules,1996
4.7 The 29 Parameters that came after the Risk Assessment are:
1) Legal Compliance
2) Evaluating Aspects & Risks
3) Training
4) Planning for operations changes
5) Water Management
6) Waste/Recyling Management
7) Spills, Releases and Remediation
8) Noise and hearing conservation
9) Personal Protective Equipment
10) Ergonomics Process
11) Electrical Safety Management
12) Lockout/Tagout
13) Cranes, Hoists and Lifting Devices
14) Powered Industrial Trucks
15) Confined Space Entry
16) Working at Heights: Fall Protection
17) Hot Work
18) Lasers and Radiation Management
19) Incident Investigation
20) Recording & Reporting of Injuries and Illnesses
21) Managing Employee and Agency Worker Chemical Exposure
22) Chemical/Hazardous Material Management
23) Contacts & Inspections by Government Officials
24) Compliance & Conformance Assessments & Management Review
25) Metrics & Measurements
26) Emergency Response Planning & Life Safety
27) Contractors E.H.S. Requirements
28) Machine Tool /Portable Power Tool Safeguarding.
29) Working at Heights: Fall Protection
4.8 Objective and targets

The organization must set documented EHS objective at relevant levels and function of the
organization. Objectives are major improvement initiatives. The specification states that those
objectives must be consistent with the EHS policy and notes that should be measurable where
ever practicable.
When setting these objectives :

Organization shall:
• Establish, implement, document, maintain and review the HSE objectives at relevant
function and level
• Ensure consistency with EHS policy and commitment for prevention of injury/ ill health
& Environmental pollution and continual improvement
• Establish, implement and maintain programme (s) to achieve its objectives and targets.
• While establishing objectives an organization shall consider:
• Legal and other requirements
• Significant Environment Aspect and OH&S Risks
• Technological options
• Financial, operational and business requirements
• View of Interested parties

4.9 Qualities of good objective and Targets:

The objective should be SMART
• Suitable
• Measurable
• Achievable
• Realistic
• Time bound
• Understandable

4.10 Implementation and Operation (Do)

Resources, roles, responsibility and accountability

Everyone must understand his or her roles and responsibilities for the operation of the EHS-
MS. The standards requires that roles, responsibilities and authorities be defined, documented
and communicated .In addition, it requires that a management representative be appointed by
the top management. The responsibility of the management representative include ensuring
that the EHS is established, implemented and maintained. In addition the management
representative must also report to the top management with recommendations for
improvement.

Finally this clause also address resources. Resources needed to implement and maintain the
EHS ,must be identified and provided .The management demonstrates its commitment to the
EHS-MS by providing the necessary sources, that include
• Human Resource
• Infrastructure
• Technological Resources
• Financial Resources
The Top Management shall take Ultimate responsibility and shall demonstrate commitment
by:
• ensuring the availability of resources for effective management system
• defining, documenting & communicating the roles, responsibilities and authority
• Appointing a Management Representative (MR) , who shall establish conformity with
standard requirements and shall communicate the same to the Top Management from
time- to-time.

4.11 Competence, Awareness, Training

ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 requires that all the employees who could
significantly impact health safety and environment be competent. Competency can be based
on the appropriate education, experience and training. The standards also requires that
awareness about the environmental aspects and health safety training be provided to all the
employees. Organizations have traditionally been good at telling the employee what to do and
how to do. These requirements mandates that an organization informs to the employee why
they need to comply. People are much more inclined to support the system if they understand
the EHS consequences of not complying.
4.12 Organization shall:
• Ensure competence of any person performing tasks for it or on its behalf through
appropriate education, training or experience and shall maintain the associated records
• Identify training needs associated with either Environment aspects, OH&S risks or HSE
Management System
• Establish and maintain procedures to make personnel aware of:
• Importance of conformity with HSE Policy, procedure and requirements of HSE
Management System
• Consequences of their activities in terms of Environment aspect & OH&S risks and the
benefits of improved personnel performance
• Their roles and responsibilities to conform with the requirements of HSE management
system
• Potential consequence of departure from specified procedures

4.13 Communication, consultation, participation

Any organization must develop procedure to communicate information relating to its EHS-
MS. The system must include both external as well as internal communication with the
interested parties. External communications with government agencies, stakeholders,
suppliers, customers, contractors and the local communities; at the same time the internal
communication includes the communication among the employees i.e top to bottom and
bottom to top approach.

4.14 Documentation

This clause simply summarizes what has to be documented and what does not.
EHS documentation shall include:
EHS Policy and Objectives
• The scope of EHS-MS
• Description of scope of EHS management system
• Description of main elements of EHS-MS
• Various documents including records for effective implementation of HSE management
system as required
4.15 Control of Documents

The organization must control those documents it determined it needed, along with external
documents and forms, document control as required by the standards includes:
a) Uniquely identifying the document to eliminate possible confusion.
b) Identifying revision status so that the current version of the document is known.
c) Identifying any changes to documents so that user can quickly see what is different in
how they should perform their task.
d) Making documents available where they are needed by users.
e) Ensuring that are and remain legible.

Organization shall establish and maintain procedure to:

• Approve documents for adequacy prior to issue
• Review and update the same as necessary
• Ensure that the documents and records remain legible and readily identifiable
• Ensure the documents of External origin are identified and controlled
• Prevent the unintended use of obsolete documents
• All the documents required for the EHS management system shall be controlled

While almost all the clause requires the development of a procedure (or process), procedures
do not have to be documented. The organization must therefore carefully weigh the
advantage of the documentation versus the disadvantages.

4.16 Operations Control

Operational control consists of all those methods used to control significant aspects and
occupational health and safety hazards identified during the planning phase. The standards
requires that the organization identify, plan and control, those operations associated with the
significant environmental aspects and OH&S hazards and consistent with its policy,
objectives and targets. Operational controls are established for activities for activities (or
process) that relate significant environmental aspects as well as OH&S hazards.
To establish control the organization shall :
• Identify and Plan relevant operations and activities associated with identified significance
hazards/ Environment aspects.
• Implement and Maintain
• Documented procedure and stipulated operating criteria where there absence could lead to
deviation from HSE Policy and Objectives
• Controls related to contractors and other visitors to the workplace

4.17 Emergency preparedness and response

• Organization shall establish, implement & maintain procedure:

• To identify potential Emergency situations
• To respond to any identified Emergency Situation
• Prepare an Emergency Preparedness Action Plan (EPAP) to respond to the actual
emergency situations
• In planning EPRP needs of relevant interested parties and neighbors shall be taken into
account
• Review and revise periodically the EPAP and associated procedures especially after the
occurrence of accident / emergency situations
• Periodically test such procedures where ever practicable.

4.18 Checking (Check)

Performance, Measurement and Monitoring
• The Organization shall Establish and maintain a procedure to monitor and measure EHS
performance on regular basis
• Shall monitor the extent to which the Objectives of the organization are met and at the
same time for the adequacy and effectiveness of the adopted control measures
• Shall ensure that calibrated or verified monitoring and measurement equipment are used
and retain associated records
•
Performance Measurement and Monitoring Mechanism-
• Objectives and Targets
• Internal Audits
• Surveillance Audits
• Legal Register- Zero Cases of Legal Non Compliance
• Updated Risk Registers
• Updated Project EHS Plans
• Updated Emergency Preparedness Plan

4.19 Evaluation of Compliance

The Organization shall establish a procedure to periodically evaluate compliance with
applicable HSE legal requirements and other HSE requirements to which the organization
subscribes to meet the organization’s commitment to compliance.

Non Conformity, Incident Investigation, corrective action and preventive action

Organization shall Establish and maintain procedure to:
Define responsibility and authority for:
• incident investigation and identification & investigation of non-conformities and their
causes
• decision over the mitigating actions required and evaluation of preventive measures
• implementation of the corrective and preventive action
• Reviewing and recording the effectiveness of the adopted corrective and preventive
measures
• To identify the needs of corrective action and opportunities for preventive action and
subsequent continual improvement
• Communicate the results to the HSE committee and Top management
• Whenever a new hazard or aspect or the need of revised/ changed control measures is
identified risk assessment shall be undertaken prior to implementation.

4.20 Control of records

The organization shall establish and maintain records demonstrating:
• Conformity to the requirements of EHS-MS designed as per ISO 14001:2004 and
OHSAS 18001:2007
• Evaluation of compliance with EHS-MS legal requirements and other environmental
requirements to which the organization subscribes and the implementation of
procedures and results achieved.
 • Its procedure for the identification, storage, protection, retrieval, retention and
disposal of HSE Management Systems records.
• EHS-MS records are legible, identifiable & easily traceable.
• Sample Records to be maintained:
• Records of Competency Mapping being conducted
• General EHS awareness training records
• Job Specific Training records
• Records of Medical examination of the employees
• Records of Monthly EHS meetings
• Records of Statuary testing and calibration of different equipment
• Records of Accident/ Incident Investigation
• Records of monitoring of different parameters of Environment
• Records of precious audits
• Records of Mock Drills conducted
• Records of Internal as well as External Communication
• Minutes of Management Review Meeting

Internal audit
The organization shall ensure periodic EHSMS audit to determine whether the system:
• conforms with planned arrangements including requirements of both the International
Standards has been properly implemented and maintained;
• is effective in meeting the organization’s EHS policy and objectives
• Audit Programs shall be established, implemented and maintained to address:
• Audit criteria, scope, frequency and methodology;
• Responsibilities, competency and requirements for planning and conducting audit;
• Reporting of results and retaining associated records
• Impartiality shall be maintained for Audit process and objectivity shall be ensured for
selection of auditors and conducting an Audit

Management Review (Act)

Top management shall review the EHS system periodically to ensure suitability, adequacy
and effectiveness.
Inputs for management review shall include:
 • Results of Internal audits and evaluation of compliance
• Relevant external communication including complaints
• EHS performance of the organization
• The extent to which objectives have been met
• Status of incident investigation, corrective and preventive actions
• Any change in the current circumstances like legal obligations, resource requirement
etc.
• Follow-up actions from previous management review
• Recommendation for improvement

Chapter 5

Summary and Conclusion

5.1 To Summarize:
• Risk Assessment, through 29 critical elements.
• Preparation of Standard Operating Procedures and Safe Working Guidelines.
• Formation of Legal Registers for the 29 elements at risk.
• Training of workers on site about the safe practices.
• First aid training of the employees.
• Formation of minimum E.H.S. requirements.
• Supervision of Management Systems on site.

5.2 Conclusion-
A Structured Integrated Management System for a Manufacturing unit.
 References
 Bone, Volume 23, Issue 5, Supplement 1, November 1998
 Fernando Lecanda, Pamela M. Warlow, Linda R. Halstead, Thomas H. Steinberg,
Roberto Civitelli
 Sai O. Cheung, K. K W Cheung, H. C H Suen in Journal of Safety Research (2004)
 Robert J Chapman in Simple Tools and Techniques for Enterprise Risk Management
(2012)
 Lynda S. Robson, Judith A. Clarke, Kimberley Cullen, Amber Bielecky, Colette
Severin, Philip L. Bigelow, et al. in Safety Science (2007)
 Sung woon Lee, Kyu hwan Kim, Tae gu Kim in Journal of Loss Prevention in the
Process Industries (2012) W B Runciman, J A H Williamson, A Deakin, K A
Benveniste, K Bannon, P D Hibbert in Quality & safety in health care (2006)
 Gilberto Santos, Síria Barros, Fátima Mendes, Nuno Lopes in Safety Science (2013)
 Marcus Rall, Peter Dieckmann in Best Practice and Research: Clinical
Anaesthesiology (2005)
 M.N. Vinodkumar, M. Bhasi in Safety Science (2011)
 Alan H.S. Chan , W.Y. Kwok , Vincent G. Duffy in Industrial Management & Data
Systems (2004)
 ANNEXURE-1
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
Machine Tool/Portable Tool Safeguarding
 StandardOperatingProcedures

Is ueDate: SOPNumber:
 19.7 Method:

Working Alone
When a machine tool is in use, a second person in addition to the operator must be present. That
second person must, at a minimum, be able to shut the machine off and contact emergency service.

Use
 All tools will be restricted to the use for which they are intended and will be used properly, according
to the manufacturer’s instructions, the requirements of this program, and any tool- or shop-specific
requirements and procedures.
 Workers will visually inspect all tools before each use.
 Malfunctioning machinery or safeguards must be reported immediately to the shop or machine
custodian. If the malfunction presents a safety hazard, the machine must be taken out of service by
disconnecting and locking out the power source(s).
 A warning sign indicating the problem should be placed on the machine to communicate its status to
affected personnel.

Safety Rules
Machine users will follow shop-specific safety rules and meet machine-specific competency
standards.
Safety rules should cover
 Personal protective equipment
 Apparel
 Actions/behaviours
 Equipment use
 Housekeeping
 Cleanup

Guarding
Any tool designed to accommodate guarding must be equipped with that guard during use and the
guard must not be altered.
Safeguards must be provided at three basic locations:
 At the point of operation
 On or at the mechanical power transmission apparatus
 At other moving parts which could potentially create a hazard

19.8 Machine Safeguarding Requirements.

Selecting Guarding Methods
Machinery containing moving parts with rotating, transverse, or reciprocating action will be
effectively guarded. One or more methods of machine safeguarding must be provided to protect from
hazards such as those created by point of operation, nip points, rotating parts, flying chips, sparks
and so on. All equipment must be safeguarded. Equipment must also be installed in conformance to
applicable facility standards, such as electrical and seismic.

The Hierarchy for controlling machine hazards is as follows:

 Eliminate the hazard by design
 Control the hazard by guarding or devices
 Warnings
 Personal protective equipment
 Training
The first step to safeguarding must be to attempt to eliminate the hazard
completely. To eliminate the hazard totally or enclose the exposure on a machine such that the
employee has almost zero exposure may not be practical. However, it can be approached very closely
to minimize
employee exposure to injury.
The second step in determining what level of protection is necessary is often driven by specific
regulatory requirements and hazard identification.
 The approach is where safeguarding may be applied through proven concepts and designs
such as distance and time, barriers ,interlocked guards, presence sensing devices such as
light curtains, enclosures, and various other guarding combinations.
 Once hazards have been identified and prioritized,
The third step is to determine what level of protection is necessary. Perform a risk assessment, an
evaluation procedure to verify the level of safeguarding needed.
There are only two significant factors that must be considered when evaluating the associated risk in
a danger zone or at a point of operation:
 The severity of foreseable injuries which could occur at a location. The severity of possible
injury can vary tremendously from minor cuts to fatality. Most injuries happen immediately
but some injuries are chronic in nature and may not manifest themselves until years later.
The following should be considered in the evaluation of injury probability:
 Machine operation, all phases (operating and maintenance, including set-up, start-up, service
adjustments, lubrication, clearing jams or malfunctions, loading and unloading, cleaning,
shutting down, preventive maintenance).
 Foreseeable misuse of the machinery and equipment.
 Evaluating human response to determine the frequency of exposure to danger points.
 One thing that should be clearly understood is that the absence of an injury from a particular
exposure or hazard should not be taken to mean that the injury will never occur or the
machine is completely safe.
 Accidents occur more or less randomly and usually result in pain and suffering in addition to
the loss of productivity.

19.9 Machine Safeguarding Guidelines.

Housekeeping
The work area must be kept free of clutter and debris that could create tripping or slipping hazards.
Cleaning and Maintenance
Machine custodians will establish and follow a program of periodic and regular inspections and
maintenance of their equipment to ensure that machines, parts, and auxiliary equipment are in a safe
operating condition and necessary safeguards are present.
Personal Protective Equipment
Workers must wear attire and personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriate for the tool they are
using and the work they are performing:
 Long pants and closed-toed shoes are required when entering an area with operating
machines.
 Long sleeves, gloves, neckties, or other loose-fitting clothing must not be worn when
operating machine tools.
 Long hair or beards must be suitably secured or covered to prevent entanglement with
revolving or moving machinery.
 Jewelry or other items that could catch on or be grabbed by moving parts must not be worn.
 Safety glasses with side shields or goggles are required entering an area with operating
machine tools.
  Face shields are required if flying fragments/particles are likely to be generated.
 Properly selected gloves, as well as protective sleeves, aprons, and so on, are required when
using hazardous chemicals and handling scrap metal or wood, sharp-edged stock, and
unfinished lumber.
 Important Gloves must not be worn while machining, as they can get caught in
moving equipment.
 Safety-toed boots may be required where potential dropping of heavy objects exists.

19.20 Requirements: While Operating Electrical Tools,

Positive Disconnecting Means
 To enable proper isolation of hazardous energies before and during equipment maintenance
and repair, machines and equipment operated by electric motors or other hazardous energy
will be provided with a
positive disconnecting means.
 Examples of positive disconnecting means include service disconnects, circuit breakers,
valves, and power cords and plugs. Push buttons, selector switches, software interlocks,
control circuit type devices, and computer controlled software cannot be used to isolate
hazardous energy.
Stop Buttons and Power Controls
Machines should have an EMERGENCY POWER OFF or STOP button or other readily
accessible and clearly designated power switch within easy reach of the operator to cut off the
power to each machine,rendering it unable to injure personnel. The power controls must be
located so as to make it unnecessary to reach over or near the hazard to make adjustments.
For larger machines, power switches should be located in multiple locations on various sides
so that power can be easily deactivated by standers in case of
emergency.
Machine Anchoring
Machines designed for a fixed location will be securely anchored, to
prevent walking or moving due to vibration, rotation, or seismic activity.
Manual Reset
Proper restart systems must be installed on all powered equipment and tools so that manual
reset is required to restart the tool after it has been stopped by any safety device or
mechanism.
For example,
If an interlocked guard stops tool operation when the guard is removed; manual reset is
required to restart the tool after the guard is replaced. Replacing the guard alone must not
allow the tool to restart.
Anti-restart Devices
Anti-restart devices (ARDs) or other effective provisions must be present on all machines,
presses, and power tools that could create hazardous conditions to workers if motors were to
restart suddenly after a restoration of voltage conditions following a power failure. It is
strongly recommended that any machine that could pose a hazard to workers upon
restoration of power also be provided with an ARD.

19.21 Review
 The purpose of the review process is to ensure that the procedure is complete, accurate and easy
to follow and contains all the necessary information to do the job safely. Critical procedures
shall undergo a technical and management review before being granted approval.
The review shall be conducted seeking assistance from Responsible Engineers where required.

19.22 Approval
Procedures shall be approved according to the requirements in EHSMS19 Machine tool
/Portable power tool safeguarding. Once a procedure has been approved, the Procedures
Change Coordinator shall update the procedure database.

19.23 Implementation
The Procedures Change Co-ordinator shall ensure any changes are implemented and ensure
documentation is updated and distributed.

19.24 Completion
A review of the change shall be completed within 3 months of implementation.
The objective of the Completion Review is to ensure the intentions of the change have been
achieved after a period of operation, confirm that all planned actions/changes have been
completed, confirm that no unplanned action/changes have been made that would warrant a
new CR and ensure that all affected documentation has been updated.

19.25 Document Control

The controlled copy of this document is with EHS department. Users of a printed copy
of the document are responsible for ensuring that they have the current version. This is
achieved by ensuring that the revision number printed in the footer of each page of the
printed copy is the same as the revision number displayed against the standard in SharePoint
 ANNEXURE-2
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT/IMPACT REGISTER
 Action
(What
specifically
does
MWV Unit
Summary of have to
S.NO. Program Regulatory Citation Applicability Requirement do?) Comments
The environmental regulations are formulated by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF),Central Government of India, but
Pollution Control Board (SPCBs) and the Union Territories (UTs) level by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) /Pollution Control
(UPPCB) is the nodal agency with respect to the implementation and enforcemnt

The water
(Prevention and
Control of
1 pollution) Act,
1974, amended
1988

Provide access to
the SPCB, or any
officer
empowered by it,
for taking samples
Section 21
of water from any
water discharge
point for the
purpose of
analysis.
Allow entry to
the SPCB or any
person
empowered by it,
at any time, for
the purpose of
Section 23
performing of
inspection to
certify that the
organization
complies to the
Act / Rules.
Not to discharge,
knowingly, any
effluent into a
stream, sewer or
on land, of quality
Section 24
which is not
conforming to the
consent
conditions by the
SPCB.
Consent to
establish (CTE),
consent to
operate (CTO)
from SPCB to be
obtained for
industry,
operation ,
process or any
treatment and
Sec. 25 (Sub section disposal system or
1) extension or
X
ANNEXURE-3
LEGAL REGISTER HEALTH and SAFETY