Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Yojana September
Yojana September
Vol 54
CONTENTS
best practices Building knowledge Carbon Footprint and the Indian Industries........35
societies at the grassroots............................................16 Debrupa Chakraborty
Shailendra Sinha
Urban Cooperative Banks:
The changing face of sports in India..........................18 A Case Study of Karnataka..............................................41
Jaideep Ghosh Amrita Saha
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I
t is all too easy to dismiss the series of scams and allegations that have surfaced
around sports events as inevitable. It is not that simple an equation. For a society
where the overwhelming majority was under fed and toiled hard, sports was a rare
and often utopian option. As the picture of the Indian society has started to change for
the better in the past two decades, that utopian look about sports has begun to be shed
for an absorbing reality.
More swathes of middle India are now able to enjoy sports and recreation. Weekends
have become longer and a young population is demanding ways to fill up those weekends
with options beyond roaming the markets or malls. The huge spurt in attendance at
international sports events are an indication of this shift. Of late participation in events
like marathons have leaped among all age groups. The interest level even for televised
events like the world cup soccer and the English Premier League has risen fantastically. This was inevitable as
income avenues rose for a large segment of the urban population. Since India now has an almost 400 million
strong urban population, that is a huge presence to cater to. The Indian Premier League in cricket cashed in on
this interest and is raring to go again. Meanwhile cities, especially, are discovering sports icons beyond just
cricket. The popularity of Chak De India and other sports based films shows the Indian film industry has also
woken up to the opportunity.
In the middle of the rising interest and demand, the supply of such events has however stagnated. Beyond
cricket and tennis, no Indian city offers any meaningful sports event to whet public appetite. This has happened
as the running of the events is still dominated by sports bodies that run on the belief that sportspersons can
survive for any number of years as amateurs. This has killed off interest among the youth to take up any sport
as a career, even as these bodies are the preserve of a politico-bureaucrat nexus that is quite comfortable with
the low level of achievement in which Indian sports has wallowed. There is no professional management and
no accountability for a bad performance. So when big money has begun to flow into some of these disciplines,
the organisers are clueless about how to utilise the sums.
The present scams, unearthed by various agencies are a reflection of this dichotomy between demand and
supply. For instance, in the case of the commonwealth games the last minute rush is a result of inertia as
the sports administrators had no idea how long and deep they have to plan for the event, when they bid for
it. Tenders are bound to go askew and checks on the buildings constructed can take a back seat as the time
table for the games draw near very fast. So the right answer to these questions is not to withdraw into a shell
but to plan bigger and better for events in the future. There is no denying that sports as a major attraction is
gaining ground. This issue of Yojana looks at some of these emerging trends and paints a picture of the way
forward. q
Boria Mazumdar
November 2010
The November 2010 issue of Yojana will focus on the Growth of the Telecom Sector in India
Aditya Kumar
The author is a former sports journalist and now works as a communications consultant with European Athletics
Association in Lausanne, Switzerland.
Jaideep Ghosh
The author is a senior journalist who has been covering sports for close to 20 years. He has worked with leading News
Agencies and Newspapers including United New of India, The Statesman, Hndustan Times and Time of India.
1
negative, but the only undeniable fact is that the RANK RANK IN IAS 2002-03
Games are round the corner, and it is time to ensure 78 in fganh ekè;e
that best use is made of the time available. Hosting
multi-sport international events add to the prestige of
the nation. The Beijing Olympics showed the country
in a very new hue as it left no stone unturned to ensure
that the Games were sensational. SONIKA Amit Bhaskar
KOTA (RAJ.)
Virendra S. Yadav
SHAHPURA (RAJ.)
Din Dayal Mangal
Handicaped/fodykax
Budhi Prakash
TONK (RAJ.)
(RAJ.) AGRA (UP)
RANK-697 RANK-779 RANK-707
RANK-215 RANK-748
scenario in India is the number of foreigners plying All Courses Morning & Evening SANJAY KR. SINGH
Jahanabad, Bihar
general. It is a success story waiting to be told, and we Delhi University Centre:- 1/9, Roop Nagar, G.T. Karnal Rd., Near Shakti Ngr.
Red Light, Above. P.N.B. Near Delhi University, North Campus Delhi - 110007
q
YE-9/10/7
V Krishnaswamy
C.S.E.
RESULT
SHELESH NAWAL SOUMYA NAIR
CSE. AIR 35 CSE. AIR 108 2009 VISHAKHA
CSE. AIR 252
JYOTIRADITYA
CSE. AIR 462
ECONOMICS
INDIAN ECO SERVICE 08
GS + CSAT
PRELIMS ONLY MAINS CUM PRELIMS BATCH
TEST SERIES REGULAR BATCH / WEEKEND BATCH
Kaushalya Bajpayee
There is a need for strengthening e-governance initiative across the State so that information about
Government programme and policies are made accessible to public.
This will not only help reduce time, cost and distance but would also help Government to become more
responsive and public oriented. q
T
he Government of Jammu and Kashmir is contemplating for massive
infrastructure development of tourist resorts of the state under eco-
tourism development project.
Sports activities will also get fillip through eco tourism project. The Government of Jammu & Kashmir is
approaching the Union Government for funds to be utilized for the development of neglected tourist resorts
under eco tourism project to facilitate the locals as well as tourists from across the county. The department
of forests and Environment will ensure plantation of different types of trees for the beautification of
these tourist resorts. q
Francis Kuriakose
Deepa Kylasam Iyer
F of entertainment and
personal recreation,
sports has grown into
a highly competitive
industry with global pervasiveness.
It is one of the largest revenue
of the sporting world. Such an event
of mind boggling proportions
entails problems unique and
complex related to infrastructure,
licensing, sponsorship, media rights
and ethical sporting practices. It is
generating industries in the world an appropriate moment to analyse
comprising 3% of the world trade. the need for lucid legal provisions
It has also metamorphosed into an pertaining to sports in India.
important and inevitable political
The area of sports and social activity. The Beijing
Need for Sports Laws
law is relatively Olympics did more for the Chinese The sporting world has
soft power in three months, than been plagued by scandals and
new in our country. what diplomacy could do in three controversies in the past few
decades. The successful bidding decades. The Olympic Games
Nevertheless, it is to host an international sporting Bidding Scandal, the recent IPL
an area of study event is a unique opportunity for scam and allegations of sexual
developing countries to showcase harassment by the Indian Women’s
that is worthy of their progress, development and Hockey Team have rocked the
definition and in their world standing through
their soft power. India will host
nation. From six gold medals
in a row from 1928 to 1956, the
depth academic the Commonwealth Games this Indian Hockey team hit an all
October, a sporting fiesta with 5000 time low failing to qualify for the
inquiry and competitors from 85 countries, 2008 Olympics. This incident
more than 1.2 million spectators exposed the maladministration and
practice. and an estimated 26000 crore rupees insularity of a defective system
The authors are respectively former Assistant Professor of Commerce and Management at Mar Ivanios College, Kerala
University and Puducherry based freelance writer
Geog.@Hkwxksy
dynamics among them and the administrative The Jewel of the Quadrants
Digmani Educations
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restriction on office bearers of federation must
be brought in. Denial of essential facilities and
exclusionary policies that are intentional for a
player or a rival organisation should result in the eq[; lg&izkajfHkd ijh{kk 2011
termination of the services of the administrator (vkyksd jatu ds ekxZn'kZu esa)
concerned. Misuse of authority must be severely cSp izkjaHk 27th flrEcj
dealt with.
Features
Salary caps on players and teams should be • Meticulously designed Study Materials
brought in. Practices that create a barrier for new • Comprehensive Test Series
entrants, draw out the existing players and lead to the • Explanation Classes on Previous Year Questions
foreclosure of a competition must not be tolerated. • 12 Days Exclusive Classes on Mapping
• Writing Skill development
A greater sensitivity and legal support must • Map & Diagram Drawing Skills
• Complete answer Writing & Model answer
be provided for women players. Perpetrators of
building as part of Class Room exercise
harassment and discrimination should be severely • Weekly Evaluation of your writing by the faculty
punished. • Academic & Substantiative teaching
I socialist, secular,
democratic republic.
L i b e r t y, e q u a l i t y
and fraternity are the
hallmarks of our democracy.
Our fundamental rights clearly
Scheduled Castes, Scheduled
Tribes, Backward Classes and
Minorities in particular.
The Indian Constitution is
clear in its objective to promote
equality amongst citizens and
envisage the right to equality
assigns responsibility to the
before law, equality of opportunity
State to preserve, protect and
and prohibition of discrimination
The problems on the grounds of religion, race,
assure the rights of minorities
in matters of language, religion
of educational caste, sex or place of birth. India
and culture. This is enshrined
is also a welfare state committed
in the well known doctrine of
backwardness to the welfare and development
‘unity in diversity’ found within
of its people in general and of the
amongst minorities, vulnerable sections in particular.
the Constitution. All developed
countries and most developing
especially Muslims, The Government of India has
ones give appropriate emphasis
resorted to planned development
to looking after the interest of
are being addressed for minimizing inequality in
minorities. Thus, in any country,
income, status and opportunities
in a holistic way for its people. This strategy is
the faith and confidence of the
minorities and the functioning of
and the efforts directed to secure distributive
the State in an impartial manner
justice and utilization of economic
being taken in this resources to sub serve common
is an acid test of its being a just
state.
good. Programmes are directed
regard would need to promote educational and Development is essentially
to be sustained economic interests of weaker a process of change initiated
The authors are respectively Director and Research Officer, Planning & Policy, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government
of India.
Debrupa Chakraborty
E greenhouse gases
(GHG’s) particularly
Carbon di-Oxide (CO2)
is recognized to be the
major cause of global warming
business or enterprise as a part of
their everyday operation; in the
case of an individual or household
as a part of their daily lives; or in
case of a product or commodity
and climate change. It is now
in reaching the market. In other
well established that human
words, the total amount of
induced activities are speeding
The Indian up global warming which in turn
GHG emission caused directly
or indirectly by an individual,
industries and is creating numerous and varied
negative impacts on human life organization, events or products
the country’s and the environment. A “carbon is called “Carbon Footprint” of
government need to footprint” is a measure of the that entity. A carbon footprint
work together for impact that human activities have is expressed as tons of carbon
on the environment in terms of dioxide (CO2) or tons of carbon
reducing the carbon the amount of Greenhouse Gases emitted usually on yearly basis. A
footprint of the (GHG’s) emitted for carrying out ton of carbon dioxide is released
such activities. It is measured in
industries so that when we for example travel 5000
units of CO2.
we can leave miles in an airplane or drive 2,500
Concept of Carbon Footprint: miles in a medium – sized car,
behind us a greener or cut down and burn a tree that
Carbon footprint is a measure
planet for the of the amount of CO 2 emitted was about 1 foot in diameter and
future generations through the combustion of fossil 40 foot tall.
The author is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Commerce, Netaji Nagar College, Kolkata
upgradation and 01,546 crore and Rs. 64,880 crore with the public sector banks as
respectively. Licensing of new despite poor performance, these
efficiency UCBs was banned from 2004 and banks forward the targets for
The author is a Research Fellow in the Ministry of Commerce, Govt of India
and a Revival Fund has also been in terms of ability of the banks including 2 professional directors
put forth. to generate adequate returns. who define policies for the bank.
The Banks should therefore The future course of action of the
The present case study from bank was in terms of framing new
attempt to improve returns. It
Karnataka is based on first-hand
can be concluded that for the deposits & loan schemes & be able
qualitative and quantitative data banks chosen as a case study in to sustain & augment profitability
from the UCBs, secondary data Bangalore, performance in terms further. This was the perfect case
from RBI Offsite Surveillance of Returns on Assets & Returns of a well functioning UCB. In
System, Bank’s Balance Sheets & on Equity has been far from general most Mahila Cooperative
RBI Inspection reports. A survey satisfactory. On the other hand Banks were performing well
of the selected UCBs in June 2009 progress in terms of reduction in in Karnataka. A Grade-2 Bank,
yielded meaningful insights. cost of funds has been good but Kalidasa Co-op bank had shown
A questionnaire was designed efficiency in operation was low. remarkable progress under RBI
Thus, the banks must attempt directives since 2005-06. Since
based on the Central Bank
efforts to improve profitability by
guidelines and the Memorandum then the bank made a turnaround
corrective steps.
of Understanding for UCBs. with better recovery efforts &
Previous findings in available A particular Grade-1 UCB, improved deployment of surplus
literature and the aspects of capital Mahila Co-op bank in Karnataka, funds. There is an increase in
P
rior to the last two-three years, the rural population in this hilly Northeastern State of Arunachal
were very much inclined to migrate to the towns in search of their daily bread and butter because of
negligible industrial growth, rampant poverty and the apathy of the administration. But now they are,
to some extent, reasonably effervescent and can make both ends meet, including their kids' education and
health needs.
This is thanks to the UPA Government's populist job guarantee programme, MG-NREGA. It is significantly
contributing to their gradual, but steady, social and economic empowerment. The hilly State of Arunachal
Pradesh had started implementing the MG-NREGA in three phases-first in February 2006 covering the
district of Upper Subansiri, in second phase two districts- Lohit and Changlang (April 2007) and remaining
13 districts from the year 2008.
Altogether, 86,893 rural households were provided employment till March 2010 with this issuance of
1,64,464 job cards and the number of households demanding wage employment is 1,32,298 during the last
financial year. so much so that these work-force, especially women in this male-dominated tribal society,
now open and manage their accounts in banks or post offices, and some of them are in the process of gaining
a rudimentary education.
The womenfolk, who remained oppressed so far, have now become economically independent-earning
their own living and also deciding how to spend it, unlike earlier, when the men would take all decisions. In
fact, even their children's health is improving given that they can now choose to spend their money where it
is needed.
The Centre's job guarantee scheme had pushed women to step out of the four walls to do manual works
being taken up by the authorities in their locality. q
C
ooperative Movement was launched in the State way back in 1904, but the movement has
seen rapid growth only after Meghalaya attained statehood in 1972. In recent times, the Co-
operative Movement has taken a new direction after the Government introduced several programmes
and schemes to support it. In Meghalaya, there are 1339 Cooperative societies, of which 179 are Primary
Agricultural Cooperative Societies (PACS) and the number is further expected to increase in the coming
days.
Meghalaya still needs to achieve a lot for the successful functioning of different Cooperative societies.
Coopetative Society in the state has done well as they have started their own consumer stores and their
turn-over is around Rs 2 crore annually.
To further boost the societies whose prime activities are piggery, the Government has recently
launched a Japanese technology "Vokshi" as a pilot project which besides reducing the foul smell also
increases the size of pigs to 80 kgs in 7-8 months. The technology has been introduced in one piggery
unit in Upper Shillong and two piggery units in Ri-Bhoi District.
Another success story is the formation of the Mawkyndeng Women's Group which has been the catalyst
for the formation of about 200 Self Help Groups (SHGs). Their products consists of exquisite bamboo crafts
which find a market in different parts of the country including Bangalore. q
Asian Games
Year Gold Silver Bronze Total Rank
1951 15 16 20 51 2
1954 4 4 5 13 5
1958 5 4 4 13 7
1962 12 13 27 52 3
1966 7 4 11 22 5
1970 6 9 10 25 5
1974 4 12 12 28 7
1978 11 11 6 28 6
1982 13 19 25 57 5
1986 5 9 23 37 5
1990 1 8 14 23 12
1994 4 3 15 22 8
1998 7 11 17 35 9
2002 10 12 13 35 8
2006 10 17 26 53 8
Total 114 152 228 494 4
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