PHYF214 PHYSICS LAB1 REPORT SEM1 2019-2020

EXP. No.: EM 3 EXP Name: LCR Resonance and

RC discharging circuit
Name: SHUBHAM ARORA ID No.:2018B5A40631G

Group ID: A3

Date of performing the experiment: 22ND AUGUST, 2019

Date of Submission: 24th AUGUST, 2019
 I. AIM:
The aim of the experiment is:
1. To study resonance effect in series and parallel LCR
circuits.
2. To study the transient behavior of an RC circuit.

II. Theory:
Series LCR circuit:
The differential equation governing a series LCR
circuit is:

Which has the solution:

Where I0 is given by:

And α by:

The Impedance of the circuit (Z) is defined as:

And reaches a minimum when ωL=1/(ωC)

Thus:

Is the resonant frequency of the circuit.

Parallel LCR circuit:

In the parallel LCR circuit, the current

magnitude Io is given by:

Here, the impedance is maximized at

resonance:

RC Circuit:
The circuit consist of a charging component and a discharging component.
The discharging component decays exponentially.
While charging, the differential equation is given by:

And while discharging, one gets the current as:

III. Observation Table and Graphs:
PART A
Series LCR:
1. Capacitor: 0.47 μF; Inductor: 6.85 mH; Resistor: 300 Ω
Input Frequency(khz) currenrt(mA) Voltage(V)
15 11.053 3.3159
16 11.685 3.5055
17 12.255 3.6765
18 12.758 3.8274
19 13.125 3.9375
20 13.32 3.996
21 13.34 4.002
22 13.191 3.9573
23 12.916 3.8748
24 12.627 3.7881
25 12.42 3.726
26 12.347 3.7041
27 12.35 3.701

voltage vs input frequency

4.2

3.8
voltage(v)

3.6

3.4

3.2

3
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
input frequency(Khz)

Parallel LCR:
 1. Capacitor: 0.01 μF; Inductor: 10 mH; Resistor: 300 Ω
Input frequency(khz) Currenrt(mA) Voltage(V)
11 1.296 0.3888
12 1.0206 0.30618
13 0.761 0.2283
14 0.5237 0.15711
15 0.3242 0.09726
16 0.244 0.0732
17 0.3302 0.09906
18 0.4934 0.14802
19 0.6687 0.20061
20 0.8408 0.25224
21 1.005 0.3015
22 1.162 0.3486
23 1.308 0.3924

Voltage Vs Input Frequency

0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
Voltage(v)

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Input frequency(Khz)

PART B
RC Discharging circuit:
Capacitor: 30μF; Resistor: 1 MΩ
Time elapsed(s) Current(mA)
0 0
 5 4.32
10 3.78
15 3.12
20 2.62
25 2.23
30 1.9
35 1.59
40 1.34
45 1.14
50 0.98
55 0.83
60 0.71

Current vs time
4

3.5

3
Current(mA)

2.5

1.5 4.32

0.5

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Time(s)

IV. Results:
The value of resonant frequency for the following cases are:
1. Series LCR; Capacitor: 0.47 μF; Inductor: 6.85 mH; Resistor: 300 Ω =20.5
kHz
2. Parallel LCR; Capacitor: 0.01 μF; Inductor: 10 mH; Resistor: 300 Ω = 15.9
kHz
For part B, the time constant calculated is:
I1 t −t
1 2

= 𝑒( 𝜏 )
𝐼2
So, the time constant is:
τ = 29.1s
with an error of ±2s.
Thus, τ = (29.1 ±2) s
The high error in the calculation of time constant is due to the high error in
measuring time intervals (intervals mare of 5s each).
Under experimental errors, the resonant frequencies of parallel and series
LCR circuits and the time constant of RC circuit is calculated.