The effectiveness of banana and jackfruit as

main components of making a paste

A Research paper

Arconada, A., Generalao, T. & Pepana, L.

Researchers

Althea Mae Diaz

Advisor
Chapter I

Introduction and its Review of Related Literature

Nowadays, many types of pastes are made of Polyvinyl Acetate that are possibly

carcinogenic to humans, but there’s no evidence yet that the main component of making

a paste had caused a cancer to humans. But as we all believe in a saying “ Prevention is

better than cure ”. Prevention in a sense to reduce the potential to create faults from

occurring or developing into major defects.

Paste is a term for any very thick viscous fluid. ( Wikipedia ) In this study, it refers

to an adhesive. It can be called an adhesive if it wets the surface, adheres to them,

develops strength once applied, and finally, remains stable after sticking the materials

( Packer, John ).

Jackfruit ( artoccarpushererophyllus ) or also known as jack tree or simply jak is a

species of Artocarpus genus and is widely abundant in the part of South and Southeast

Asia but is believed to have originated in the Southwestern rainforest in India. It is

cultivated in tropical regions - that includes the Philippines. Studies have proven Jackfruit

sap has the ability to become glue for it contains a substance which is required to form

adhesive, called latex. (Wikipedia).

Banana is a fruit which is categorized in the genus Musa, Musa species are native

to tropical Indomalaya and Australia but are known to have been first organized in Papua

New Guinea. However, a species of wild banana which is native to Southeast Asia is

Musa acunintia. (Wikipedia) Banana, on the other hand, contains starch which is also

vital form a paste.

Banana Sap as Adhesive

The study aims to make use of banana sap and other Organic products as

effective components in improving the quality of glues. It aims to determine these

improvements through comparing with organic glues. It is done by making the banana

sap glue, cassava starch glue, and glue from rice and egg white ( Aguilos, 2014 ).

Source: Banana ( Musa acuminita ) Sap Based Adhesive against Other Organic

Adhessive

The Utilization of Jackfruit Sap as Adhesive

This study aims to determine the possibility use of jackfruit sap to develop toxic-

free and all natural adhesive. Jackfruits were gathered and their saps were extracted.

The researchers of this study compared their product with a commercial glue. The

materials tested were papers and woods ( A team, 2013 ).

Source: The Utilization of Jackfruit ( Artocarpusheterophyllus ) Sap

Statement of the Problem

The effectiveness of banana and jackfruit to be an adhesive main component in

making a paste and sought the following questions:

1. What type of surface of paper can the product bind:

A. bond paper
B. manila paper
C. oslo paper
D. art paper
E. glossy paper
2. How fast does the product dry:
3. How strong can the product bind:
4. Does the product’s bond strength depend on its drying duration:

Hypothesis

H1: Banana and jackfruit effective as the main components in making a paste.

H0: Banana and jackfruit ineffective as the main components in making a paste.

Scope and limitation

The focus of this study is to prove the efficacy of jackfruit

(Artocarpusheterophyllus) and Banana (Musa acinibita) as an adhesive by producing a

paste out of Jackfruit exocarp and Banana starch. This study will be conducted at

kapatagan Lanao del norte.

The product may take days due to the collection of jackfruit and Banana exocarps

as well as performing the process involved. The study is limited to the material, the

product’s strength to bind, and how fast the product dries compared to regular paste.

This study was experimented for thirty days. This study will provide a useful

success for industrial and economical business of the Philippines, thus the Philippines is

abundant of the main materials which is jackfruit, and banana exocarp.

The product of the study will not be tested in a laboratory.

 Chapter 3

Methodology

1. Flowchart

Source of Materials

Extortion of jackfruit and banana exocarp

Boiling of jackfruit exocarp

Adding the banana starch to the boiled

jackfruit exocarps
Blending of the banana starch and
jackfruit exocarp mixture

Pounding to form the paste like mixture

Testing of the product

Preparation of

materials

Materials:
1. One kilo of jackfruit
2. One fourth kilo (1/4) of banana
3. Knife (1)
4. Spoon (1)
5. Mortal and pestle
6. Pot
7. 50ml of water
8. Electric stove

Procedures (This is modified on the work of John Kenneth Fulgencio, Halyn Luna

Gambao, Ella Marie Inciong, & Ryan Javier)

I. Source of materials
 a) Prepare the materials to be used in making the paste
First things first, prepare the materials that are listed above to be used in

making the paste: 1. One kilo of jackfruit, and one fourth of bananas are

freshly acquired in the market. 2. The knife, spoon, mortal & pestle, pot,

and water can be acquired in the household. 3. While the electric stove or

an ordinary stove can be acquired in the market.

II. Extortion of the jackfruit and banana exocarp

a) The first step was to peel off the jackfruit exocarp including the small parts

from its outer flesh. The peeled jackfruit exocarps were then sliced to

small pieces fit enough for pounding. As for the bananas, their peel’s inner

thin layers were scraped and collected using knife and spoon, and were

later pounded to form a mushy texture. The collection of both fruits’ parts

was done simultaneoulys.

III. Making the jackfruit and banana paste mixture

a) Then the 44gs of jackfruit exocarps were placed in a pot containing 50ml

of water and were boiled using an electric stove, left to boil for 17

minutes.
b) After 17 minutes where in the water in the pot was completely gone, the

mixture was then put into a blender to partially crush the hard and block

like pieces of the jackfruit exocarp in the mixture.

c) After the blending process which lasted for about five to seven minutes,

the mixture was pounded again using the mortar and pestle until it gave

off the texture similar to a paste.

 IV. Testing of the product
a) The jackfruit and banana paste mixture will be applied to different surfaces

of paper, such as: oslo, bond paper, glossy paper, and manila paper. The

efficacy of the product will be tested by the paste’s bond duration and bond

strength.

Binding paper of different surfaces will be depending on the efficacy of the paste’s

bond strength applied on the papers. There may be more than one kind of paper

surface that the product can bind. This will be tested by applying the product to

different kinds of paper such as:

1. Bond paper
2. Manila paper
3. Oslo paper
4. Art paper
5. Glossy paper

Measuring of the bond strength will be done using different levels of wind

strength using the anemometer: level one is assigned to be 9 m/s; level 2 is 10 m/s and

level 3 is 11 m/s. This will be tested by applying the product, increasing in amount every

trial onto the papers, then will be bonded to the surface of its kind and left to dry,

then exposed to the different wind strengths using a fan.

Measuring for the dying duration will be done using a timer while it’s left to dry

while bonded.