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What is Forensic Science?

How did they know?

"Strong evidence”

Based upon forensic science

Scientific principles

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What is Forensic Science?

Interpretation

Evidence

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What is Forensic Science?

1 Interpretation of evidence

Found at crime scene

Physical objects or measurements

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What is Forensic Science?

Interpretation

Evidence Reliability

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What is Forensic Science?

2 Reliability of evidence

How evidence can be trusted

To what extent it can be trusted

DNA very reliable

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What is Forensic Science?

Interpretation

Cannot be Reliability
Evidence
deduced

Can be
deduced

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What is Forensic Science?

3 Can / cannot be deduced from evidence

Some aspects beyond the


power of forensic science

Limits of forensic science

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Why Science?

Philosophy of all science

Newton

Observations Natural world /


crime scene
Experiments

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Why Science?

Observations
& Experiments

Theory
Isaac Newton
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Scientists

Theory Scientific paper

Presentation at
a conference

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Forensic scientists

Theory Present theory in court

Expert Witness

Convince judge / jury

Wrong theory Send an innocent


person to prison / death
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Procedures in a case

Evidence from:
Experts Prosecution
vs Defense Verdict
Witnesses
Police

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Verdict given by

Judge

Judges
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Verdict given by

Judge

Jury

Local citizens

Abolished in
some countries Jury
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Presumption of Innocence

Innocent until proven guilty

Prosecution has to prove guilt

Defense does not have to prove innocence

Reasonable doubt

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Presumption of Innocence

Innocent until proven guilty


beyond reasonable doubt

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Felicia Lee

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September 2009

Felica Lee found dead

Autopsy

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Autopsy results

Over 300 “blunt force trauma wounds”

Randone charged Murder

Torture

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Trial
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Prosecution

1 Torture: Kicked
by Randone

Cause of death:
2 Asphyxia by
smothering
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Autopsy results

Standard tests Other possibilities


causing death

Blood chemistry

Felicia Lee’s blood contained


gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
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Trial
1 2 3
Prosecution Defense Verdict

1 Torture: Kicked Expert witness Not


by Randone guilty
Cause of death:
Cause of death: 1 Seizure caused
2 Asphyxia by by GHB
smothering
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Verdict

Did defense prove Lee’s death


was caused by a drug overdose?

No

Suggested a reasonable possibility

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