BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Primary Sources

1. Epigraphy

Assam
Umachal Rock Inscription of Surendravarman (470-94 A.D.)
Doobi Copper Plate of Bhaskar Varman (600-50 A.D.)
Nalanda Clay Seals of Bhaskarvarman (600-50 A.D.)
Nidhanpur Copper Plate Inscription of Bhaskar Varman (600-50
A.D.)
Hayungthal Copper Plate Inscription of Harjaravarman (815-32 A.D)
Tezpur Rock Inscription in the reign of Harjaravarman (829 A.D.)
Tezpur Copper Plate of Vanamala Varman (832-55 A.D.)
Parbatiya Copper Plate (middle of the ninth century A.D.)
Deopani Harihar Image Inscription of the time of Dighlekhavarman
(ninth century A.D.)
Bargaon Copper Plate Inscription of Ratnapala Varman (920-60
A.D.)
Guwahati Copper Plates of lndrapala Varman (960-90 A.D.)
Guwakuchi Copper Plate Inscription of lndrapala Varman (960-90
A.D.)
Gachtal Copper Plate Inscription of Gopala (990-1015 A.D.)
Khanamukh Copper Plate Inscription of Dharmapala Varman (1030-
65 A.D.)
Subhankarapataka Grant of Dharmapala (1030-65 A.D.)

145
 Puspabhadra Grant of Dharmapala (1030-65 A.D.)
The Rock Inscription of Kamakhya Temple of 1487 Saka (1565 A.D).
The Rock Inscription of Ahom King Rajeswar Singha of 1681 Saka
(1759 A.D.)
The Copper Plate Inscription of King Gaurinath Singha of 1704 Saka
(1782 A.D.)

Bengal

Susuniya Rock Inscription (fourth century A.D.)

Baigram Copper Plate Inscription of Kumaragupta (447-48 A.D.)
Damodarpur Copper Plate Inscription of Buddhagupta (476-495
A.D.)
Medinipore Copper Plate Inscription of the reign of Sasanka (608
A.D.)
Deulbari Sarvani Image Inscription of Prabhavati (658-63 A.D.)
Kailan Copper Plate Inscription of Sridhranarata (673 A.D.)
Vanga-Salavana-Vihara Incription of Avinavamrigankadeva (775-800
A.D.)
Khalimpur Copper Plate Inscription (807 A.D.)
Badal Garuda Prasasti (861 A.D.)
Nalanda Stone Image Inscription of Gopala II (940-960 A.D.)
Paschimbhag Copper Plate of Srichandra (930 A.D.)
Mainamati Copper Plate of Larahacandra (1006 A.D.)
Mainamati Copper Plate of Govindcandra (1020-55 A.D.)
Bangarh Prasasti of Murtissiva of the reign of Nayapala (1027-43
A.D.)
Irda Copper Plate Inscription of the reign of Kamboja King Nayapala
(1043 A.D.)
Amgachi Copper Plate Inscription (1055 A.D.)
Ramganj Copper Plate Inscription (1075 A.D.)
Bhuvaneswar Prasasti of Varmana dynasty (1077-1127 A.D.)

146
 Sian Stone Inscription of Pala King Nayapala (10th -11thcentury A.D.)
Samalavarmana Plate (1127-37 A.D.)
Barrackpora Copper Plate Inscription of Vijayasena (1158 A.D.)
Paikor Image Inscription of Vijayasena (twelfth century A.D.)
Naihati Copper Plate Inscription^ Vllalasena (1170 A.D.)
Candi Image Inscription of the reign of Laksmanasena (1182 A.D.)
Madhainagar Copper Plate Inscription (1204 A.D.)
Mainamati Copper Plate Inscription of Ranavankamalla Harikeladeva
(1221 A.D.)

2. Sculpture

Sculptures of Goddesses at:

• Indian Museum, Kolkata

• Ashutosh Museum of Indian Art, Calcutta University
• State Gallery of Archaeological Museum, Kolkata
• Assam State Museum, Guwahati
• District Museum, Diphu
• District Museum, Tezpur
• District Museum, Dhubri
• Archaelogical site of Rajbari, Hojai
• Archaelogical site of Na-Nath, Hojai
• Archaelogical site of Devasthan, Hojai
• Archaelogical site of Kamakhya, Guwahati
• Archaelogical site of Madan Kamdev, Kamrup
• Archaelogical site of Surya Pahar, Goalpara
• Archaeological site of Da-Parbatiya, Tezpur

147
3. Literary Source

Agni Purana Panchanan Tarkaratna (ed.), revised by Srijibar

Nyayatirtha, Calcutta, 1390 B.S.
Aitareya-Aranyaka R.L. Mitra (ed.) Calcutta, 1876, ed. with English
translation by A.B. Keith, Oxford, 1909.
Amarakosa Satish Chandra Vidyabhusana (ed.), Bib., Ind.,
Calcutta, 1911-12.
Anguttara Nikaya R. Morris and E. Hardy, 6 Vols., Pali Text
Society, London, 1885-1900.
Arthasastra of Kautilya R. Shamasastry (ed.), Mysore University
Oriental Library Publications, 1919, English
translation by R. Shamasastry, Mysore, 1929.
Arya-Manjusrimulakalpa T. Ganapati Sastri (ed.), Trivandrum Sanskrit
Series, Trivandrum, 1920-25.
Atharva Veda English translation by W.D. Whitley, Cambidge,
Mass., U.S.A, 1905.
Bhagavad Gita English translation by K.T. Telang in Sacred
Books of the East, Vol. VII, Oxford, 1882.
Bhagavata Purana English translation by J.M. Sanyal, Calcutta,
1930-40.
Bhavisya Purana Venkateswara Press, Bombay, 1904.
Brahma Purana English translation by Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati,
Gaudiya Math, Madras, 1931.
Brahmavaivartta Purana Jivanananda Vidyasagara (ed.), Calcutta, 1888.
Brihaddharma Purana M.M. Haraprasad Sastri (ed.), Bib., Ind.,
Calcutta, 1886-97.
Brihat Samhita H. Kern (ed.), Bib., Ind., Calcutta, 1865.
Devibhagavata Panchanan Tarkaratna (ed.), Vangavasi Press,
Calcutta, Saka 1832.
Devi Purana Panchanan Tarkaratna (ed.), Vangavasi Press,
Calcutta, 1927 A.D.

148
Guhyasamaja-Tantra Binoytosh Bhattacharyya (ed.) Gaekwad’s
Oriental Series, Baroda, 1937.
Harivamsa M.N. Dutta (ed.), Calcutta, 1897.
Hevajra Tantra Snell Grove (ed.), 2 vols, Oxford University
Press, London, 1959.
Isa Upanisad English translation by R.A. Hume, Oxford, 1921.
Jataka V. Fousboll (ed.), 7 vols. Pali Text Society
London.
Jnanamava-Tantra Anandasrama Sanskrit Series, Anandasrama
Press, Poona, 1912.
Kalika Purana Pancanan Tarkaratna (ed.), Vangavasi Press,
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Kali-Tantra Nityananda Smrititirtha (ed.), Nava Bharat
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Kalivilasa-Tantra A. Avalon (ed.). in Tantric Texts VI. Madras.
1917.
Kamakhya Tantra Jyotirlal, Dasa (ed.), Nava Bharat Publishers,
Calcutta, 1978.
Katyayana Smriti P.V. Kane ( ed.), Bombay, 1933.
Kaula Upanisad Published in Tantric Texts. XL. London. 1922.
Kubjikamata Manuscript no. 3174 of Asiatic Society of
Bengal, Calcutta.
Kularnava Tantra A. Avion fed.). Tantric Texts. V. London, 1917.
Linga Puran Jivananda Vidyasagar (ed.), Calcutta, 1885.
Mahabharata G. Krishnaji (ed.), Bombay, 1888.
Mahabhagavata Puran R. Kinijawadekar (ed), Poona, 1929.
Mahanirvana-Tantra A. Avion (ed.), Tantric Texts, XIII, Ganesh and
co., Madras, 1929.
Markandeya Puran K.M. Banerjee (ed.), Bib. Ind., Calcutta, 1862,
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Matsya Puran Published by Anandasrama Press, Poona, 1907.
149
Nispannayogavali Binoytosh Bhattacharyya (ed.), Gaekwad’s
Oriental Series, Baroda, 1949.
Pithanimaya Manuscript no. 196 of the Asiatic Society of
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Pranatosini-Tantra Compiled by Ramatoshana Bhattacharyya,
Calcutta, 1923 A. D.
Ramayana English translation by N.M. Dutta, Calcutta,
1893-94, by R.T.H. Griffith, Benaras, 1915.
Rig Veda English translation by F. Max Muller in Sacred
Books of the East, Vol. XXXII, 1891, by R.T.H.
Griffith, Benaras, 1896-97.
Sadhanamaia B.T., Bhattacharyya (ed.), 2 vols. Gaekwad’s
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Saktisangama Tantra B.T., Bhattacharyya (ed.), 2 Vols. Gaekwad’s
Oriental Series, Baroda, 1925.
Tantrasara Published in Kashmir Series of Texts and
Studies, No. 17, Srinagar, 1918.
Taratantra G.S. Vedantatirtha (ed.), Varendra Research
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Vamana Purana Pancanan Tarkaratna (ed.), Vangavasi Press,
Calcutta, 1908.
Varaha Purana Haraprasad Sastri (ed.), Bib., Ind., Calcutta,
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Vayu Puran Pancanan Tarkaratna (ed.), Vangavasi Press,
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Visnu Purana English Translation by H.H. Wilson, Londan,
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Yogini Tantra Published by R.M. Chatterjee, Calcutta, 1876.

4. Chronicles
Asom Buranji S.K. Bhuyan (ed.), third edition, Guwahati, 1988.
150
Asom Buranji Gunabhiram Barua, reprint, Guwahati, 1972.
Deodhai Asom Buranji S.K. Bhuyan (ed.), Gauhati, 1932.
Darrang Raj Vamsavali: A material chronicles of the Koch rulers in
Assam by Surya Khari Daibajna and N. Sarma
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Kamrupar Buranji S.K. Bhuyan (ed.), Gauhati, 1930.
Purani Asom Buranji H.C. Goswami (ed.), Gauhati, 1922.

5. Gazetteers and Reports

Gazetteer of India, Assam State, Kamrup District, Guwahati, 1990.

Assam District Gazetteers, vol-v, Darrang, Guwahati, 1995.
Assam District Gazetteers, vol-iv, Kamrup, Guwahati, 1995.
Gazetteer of Bengal and North East India, Delhi, 2001.
District Gazetteers (Bengal), Howrah, 1909.
District Gazetteers (Bengal), Hooghly, 1972.
District Gazetteers (Bengal), Jalpaiguri, 1981.
District Gazetteers (Bengal), Malda, 1969.
District Gazetteers (Bengal), West Dinajpur, 1965.
District Gazetteers (Bengal), Khulna, 1908.
Annual Reports of the Archaeological Survey of India.
Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal.
Bulletins of Indian Museum, Kolkata
Catalogues of District Museum, Assam.
Howrah Jelar Purakirtti, West Bengal Puratatva Bibhag, 1976.
Bankura Jelar Purakirtti, West Bengal Puratatva Bibhag, 1975.
Statistical Account of Bengal, by W.W. Hunter.

151
B. Secondary Sources
1. Books
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%

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Atre, Subhangana The Archtypal Mother: A Systematic
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Avion Arthur (woodfroffe Introduction to Tantrasara, 1st edition,
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Principles of Tantra, fifth edition, Ganesh,
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Shakti and Shakta, Ganesh, Madras,
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Bandopadhyay, R.D. Eastern Indian School of Medieval
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Banerjee, S.C. A brief History of Tantric Literature, Naya
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Guwahati, 1972.

162
Das, Surya Asamar Dharmiya Pramparat Narabali,
Guwahati, 1992.
Goswami, H.C. Kamakhva Mandir. Ranaia Sahitva
Parisad Pustika.1325 B.S.
Gogoi, Lila Asamar Sangskriti, Banalata, Dibrugarh,
1986.
Kakati, Banikanta Purani Kamrupar Dharmar Dhara,
Pathsala, 1955.
Neog, Maheswar Pavitra Asam, Asom Sahitya Sabha,
1960.
(ed.) Banikanta Rachanavali, Publication Board
Assam, 4th edition, 2010, Guwahati.
Purani Asamiya Samaj aru Sangskriti,
Guwahati, 1966.
Sarma, Kanak Chandra Tezpur Nam ito Nagar Bishesh, Bani
Prakash, Guwahati, 2001.
Sarma Doloi, Harinath Asamat Saktisadhana aru Saktasahitya,
Barpeta, 1983.

c. Bengali

Bhattacharyya, Binoytosh Bauddhader Devdevi, Visvabharati,

Calcutta, 1952
Bhattacharyya, Hamsanarayan Hinduder Dev O Devi: Udbhav O
Kramabikas, 3 vols., K.L.M., Calcutta,
•
1986.
Dasgupta, Sashi Bhusan Bharater Sakti Sadhana O Sakta Sahitya,
Sisu Sahitya Samshad, Calcutta, 1960.
Guha, Upendra Chandra Kacharer itibritta, Asom Prakashan
Parishad, Guwahati, 1971.
Khan Choudhury, A. Kochbiharer Itihas, Part I, Coochbihar,
1936.

163
Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra Bangla Desher Itihas, Vol. Ill, General
Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.,
Calcutta.
Mukherjee, Bratindra Nath Saktir Rup Bharate O Madhya Asiai,
Ananda Publishers, Calcutta, 1990.
Ray, Kamini Kumar Banglar Lokadevata O Lokachar, Basanti
Library, Calcutta, 1980.
Sarkar, M. Tantrer Alo, Pravartaka Publishers,
Calcutta, 1940.
Segupta, Ambarnath Radher Biro! Matripuja, Anima
Prakashani, Kolkata, 2005.
Sengupta, Pallab Loksamskritir Simana O Swarup, Pustak
Biponi, Calcutta, 1995.

2. Journals

American Anthropologist
Journal of American OrientaLSociety
Man in India
Journal of American Folklore
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
Western Folklore
Social Scientist
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Journal of the American Academy of Religion
Asian Folklore Studies
African Studies Review
Journal of the Assam Research Society
Economic and Political Weekly
Indian Archaeology - A Review

164
3. Select Articles in Journals/Periodicals

Banerjee, S.C. Durga Puja in Bengal in The Journal of Oriental

Research. Vol. 39, Madras, 1976.
Barpujari, Heramba Kanta Control and Management of the Religious
endowments of Assam (1825 - 1858) in Journal
of the University of Gauhati. Vol. XV, No.I Arts,
1964.
Bhattacharyya, Asutosh Snake-Deities of Bengal in Folklore, Vol. X, No.
4, 1969.
______________ Popular Nature-worship in Bengal in Folklore.
Vol. II, No. 4, 1969.
Bhattacharyya, Binoytosh A Peep into Vajrayana in Annals of Bhanderkar
Oriental Research Institute. Vol. X, 1930.
Brown, G.W. Prana and Apana in Journal of the American
Oriental Society. Vol. XXXIX, 1919.
Chakladar, H.C. Prehistoric Culture of Bengal in Man in India.
Vol. XXI, 1941.
Chakravarty, Cintaharan Antiquity of Tantricism in Indian Historical
Quarterly. Vol. VI, 1930.
______________ Sakta Festivals and their Antiquity, Indian
Historical Quarterly. Vol. XXVII, 1951.
Choudhury Nanimadhab Cult of Vana-Durga in Journal os Asiatic Society
of Bengal. Third series, Vol. XI, 1945.
Dasgupta, G. Female Fertility Figurines in MAN. A monthly
record of Anthropological Science, London, Vol. .
XXXV, 1935
De, S.K. The Buddhist Tantric Sanskrit Literature of
Bengal in New Indian Antiquary. Vol. I, 1938.
Diskalkar, D.B. Antiquity of the Image of Mahisamardini in Indian
Historical Quarterly. Vol. XXII, 1946.

165
Ganesh, Kamala Mother who is not a Mother: In Search of the
Great Indian Goddess in Economic and Political
Weekly. Vol. 25, No. 42/43.
Guha, A. Rare Cult in Caitanya Caritamrita in Sir Asutosh
Mukheriee Silver Jubilee. Vol. 111. 1926-27.
Hazra, R.C. Influence of Tantras on Smriti-nibandhas in
Annals of Bhanderkar Oriental Research
Institute. Vols. XV-XVI.
Kesavan, V. Religious Symbols in Political Legitimation: The
Case Study of Early Medieval South India in
Social Scientist. Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 1992.
Kramrisch, Stella Indian Terracottas, Journal of Indian Society of
Oriental Art. Vol. VII. 1939.
Neog, Maheswar The Nilachala grant of an unknown Kamrupa
king in Journal of University of Gauhati. Vol. XVI
& XVII.
Sarma, T.K. Ruins of a Hindu Temple in Kamrup District in
Journal of Assam Research Society. Vol. X, No.
3-4, 1943.
Shah, U.P. iconography of the Sixteen Jain Mahavidyas in
Journal of Indian Society of Oriental Art. Vol.XV,
1947.
Shastri, Biswanarayan Some Aspects of Saktism in Assam in The
Journal of the Assam Research Society. Vol.
xxxii, 1992.
Sircar, D.C. The Nilachala Plates of King Madhava of
Kamrupa in Journal of Ancient Indian History.
vol. II.

166
4. Select websites

http://www.jstor.org accessed on 24/06/2011

http://www.sacred-text.com accessed on 16/12/2011
http://www.religionfacts.com/hinduism/index.htm accessed on 09/07/2010
http://www.esamskriti.com accessed on 10/08/2010
http://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/index.htm accessed on 20/10/2011
http://india.mapsofindia.com/ accessed on 05/06/2010
http://www.internetarchaiv.org accessed on 10/09/2011
http://www.indianetzone.com/19/tantra.htm accessed on 15/01/2012
http://www.amerind.org accessed on 10/02/2012
http://en.wikipedia.org accessed on 19/03/2012

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