Mathematical Foundations of Computing (MCS-101)

UNIT-I

Basic probability theory - distributions and their properties - Frequency Distribution -

Continuous or Grouped Frequency Distribution - Magnitude of Class intervals - Cumulative
Frequency Distribution - Two Way Frequency Distribution - Measures of Central Tendency:
Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean - Harmonic Mean - Median, Mode - Dispersion:
Overview - Mean Deviation - Standard Deviation - Combined Standard Deviation.

UNIT-II

Matrices: Definition, Types of Matrices, Addition, Subtraction, Scalar Multiplication and

Multiplication of Matrices, Adjoint and Inverse of a matrix. Determinants: Definition,
Minors, Cofactors, Properties of Determinants, Applications of determinants in finding area
of triangle, Solving a system of linear equations.

UNIT-III

Algebraic structures: Semigroups, Monoids, Groups, Subgroups, Symmetric groups,

Groups homomorphism and isomorphism, Cosets and Lagrange’s Theorem, Normal
subgroups, Binominal Distribution - Obtaining Coefficient - Poison Distribution - Normal
Distribution.

Graph Theory: Basic Concept of Graph Theory, Euler Paths and Circuits, Hamiltonian Paths
and Circuits. Spanning tree, Probability: Axioms of probability, conditional probability,
Baye’s theorem

UNIT-IV

Linear Programming: Formulation, Graphical solution, Simplex method, Dual Simplex

Method, Two phase method, Transportation and Assignment Problems

Introduction to defining language, Kleene Closure, Arithmetic expressions, Chomsky

Hierarchy, Regular expressions. Conversion of regular expression to Finite Automata, NFA,
DFA, Conversion of NFA to DFA, FA with output: Moore machine, Mealy machine.

Discrete Event Simulation – Monte–Carlo Simulation–Stochastic Simulation–Applications to

Queuing systems.

Suggested Readings:

1. C.L.Liu: Elements of Discrete Mathematics, McGraw Hill.

2. Lipschutz, Seymour: Discrete Mathematics, Schaum’s Series
3. Babu Ram: Discrete Mathematics, Vinayek Publishers, New Delhi.
4. Trembley, J.P & R. Manohar: Discrete Mathematical Structure with Application to
Computer Science, TMH.
5. Kenneth H. Rosen: Discrete Mathematics and its applications, TMH.
6. Doerr Alan & Levasseur Kenneth: Applied Discrete Structures for Computer Science,
Galgotia Pub. Pvt. Ltd.
7. Gersting: Mathematical Structure for Computer Science, WH Freeman & Macmillan.
8. Hopcroft J.E, Ullman J.D.: Introduction to Automata theory, Languages and Computation,
Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.
 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (MCS-102)

UNIT-I

Introduction: Database concepts, Basic components of DBMS, Data base System

Applications, data base System Vs. File Processing System; View of Data, Data Abstraction,
Instances and Schemas; Database Languages – DDL, DML, DCL. data base Users and
Administrator, Data base System Structure, Storage Manager.

Advanced Database Concepts and Emerging Applications: Distributed Databases, Object

Oriented Databases, Object Relational Databases, Data mining and Data Warehousing,
Multimedia Databases, Active Databases, Deductive Databases, Database Tuning, Database
Security.

UNIT-II

Relational Database: Data models: hierarchical, network, ER Model, Relational Model; ER

Model: Data base design and ER diagrams – Beyond ER Design Entities, Attributes and
Entity sets, Relationships and Relationship sets, Additional features of ER Model, Concept
Design with the ER Model, and Conceptual Design for Large enterprises.

Parallel and distributed database: Centralized and Client-Server Architectures – Parallel

Systems – Distributed Systems – Parallel Databases – I/O Parallelism – Inter- and Intra-
Query Parallelism – Inter- and Intra-operation Parallelism – Distributed Database Concepts: –
Distributed Data Storage – Distributed Transactions – Commit Protocols – Concurrency
Control – Distributed Query Processing.

UNIT-III

Basic SQL Query: SQL Queries, Introduction to Nested Queries, Correlated Nested Queries
Set, Comparison Operators, Aggregative Operators, NULL values, Comparison using Null
values, Logical connectivity’s – AND, OR and NOT. Impact on SQL Constructs, Outer Joins,
Disallowing NULL values, Complex Integrity Constraints in SQL Triggers and Active Data
bases. Schema refinement, Problems Caused by redundancy, Decompositions, Problem
related to decomposition.

Normalization: FIRST, SECOND, THIRD Normal forms, BCNF, Lossless join

Decomposition, Dependency preserving Decomposition, Schema refinement in Data base
Design, Multi valued Dependencies, fourth Normal Form.

UNIT-IV

TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT: Overview of Transaction Management: ACID

Properties, Transactions and Schedules, Concurrent Execution of transaction, Lock Based
Concurrency Control, Performance Locking, Transaction Support in SQL, Introduction to
Crash recovery. Concurrency Control: Serializability, and recoverability, Introduction to
Lock Management, Lock Conversions, Dealing with DeadLocks, Specialized Locking
Techniques, Concurrency without Locking. Introduction to PL/SQL: Advantages of PL/SQL,
Generic PL/SQL Block, Execution Environment, Control Structure, Transactions, Security,
database objects.

Suggested Readings:
1. Silberschatz, Korth: Data base System Concepts, McGraw Hill.
2. Raghurama Krishnan: Data base Management Systems, Johannes Gehrke, Tata McGraw
Hill.
3. P. Radha Krishna: Database Management Systems, HI-TECH Publications.
4. C.J.Date: Introduction to Database Systems, Pearson Education. 5. Rob & Coronel: Data
base Systems design, Implementation, and Management, Thomson. 6. Elmasri Navrate: Data
base Management System, Pearson Education. 7. Mathew Leon: Data base Management
System Leon Vikas. 8. Connoley: Data base Systems, Pearson education. Note: Latest and
additional good books may be suggested and added from time to time.
 Data Structure using C (MCS 103)
UNIT-I

Programming in C: Introduction to C, Data type, constants and variable; Structure of a C

program, Operators and Expressions, Control statements: Sequencing, Alteration and
Iteration; Arrays: Representation of single and multidimensional arrays; sparse arrays - lower
and upper triangular matrices and Tri-diagonal matrices; String and pointers, Functions,
Recursion.

UNIT-II

Data Structures: Definition and its types, Abstract Data Types, Review of strings: String
representation and manipulation, Static and dynamic memory storage, Arrays, matrices,
sparse matrices, multi-dimensional arrays, operations on arrays.

Linked Lists, List Types (singly, doubly, singly circular, header, doubly circular), Operations
on Lists – create, insert, delete, search, Applications of linked list

UNIT-III

Stacks: Definition, Array implementation of stacks, Linked implementation of stacks,

Applications of Stacks: Infix, Postfix and prefix expression, conversions and evaluation of
expressions, Recursion.

Queues: Definition, Array implementation of queues, Linked implementation of queues,

Circular queues, Priority queues, Double-ended queues

Searching and Sorting: Linear search, Binary search, Insertion sort, selection sort, Bubble
sort, Merge sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort; Hashing;

UNIT-IV

Trees: Binary Trees and their properties, Linked and static Representation of binary trees,
Complete Binary Tree, Threaded Binary tree, Different tree traversal algorithms, Binary
Search Tree (create, delete, search, insert, display), Heap Sort and its complexity analysis,
AVL Trees, Balanced multi-way search trees.

Graphs: Definition, Array and linked representation of graphs, Graph Traversal (BFS and
DFS), Adjacency matrix and adjacency lists, path matrix, Finding Shortest Path - Warshall's
Algorithm, Hashing, Hash table, Hash functions.

Suggested Reading:

1. Kenneth, A. : C problem solving and programming, Prentice Hall. 2. Gill Nasib Singh: Computing
Fundamentals and Programming in C, Khanna Books Publishing Co., New Delhi. 9 | P a g e 3.
Gottfried, B. : Theory and problems of Programming in C, Schaum Series. 4. Kerninghan & Ritchie :
The Programming Language, PHI. 5. E. Horowitz and S. Sahani, “Fundamentals of Data Structures”,
Galgotia Booksource Pvt. Ltd. 6. R. S. Salaria, “Data Structure & Algorithms”, Khanna Book
Publishing Co. (P) Ltd. 7. P. S. Deshpande and O.G. Kakde, “C & Data Structure”, Wiley
Dreamtech.. 8. Schaum’s outline series, “Data Structure”, TMH.Tenenbaum, Langsam,
Augenstein,Data Structures using „C‟, Pearson Education.  BalaGuruswamy, Data Structures Using
„C‟, TMH..  Weiss, Data Structures Using „C , Pearson Education.  A.V. Aho, J.E. Hopcroft and
T.D. Ullman,Data Structures and Algorithms, Original edition, AddisonWesley, Low Priced Edition.
 D.Robert Kruse, Data Structures and Program Design in C, PHI,  Jr. SymourLipschetz, Theory &
Problems of Data Structures by, Schaum‟s outline by TMH
 Fundamentals of Web Designing (MCS 104)

UNIT-I

Introduction: Internet, Evolution of Internet, Internet Protocol, Internet Services, WWW,

Working of Internet, Introduction to Intranet, Popular web servers, Web Browsers; basic
features of browsers: bookmarks, cookies, progress indicators, customization of browsers,
browsing tricks, next generation web browsing, search engines; Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP), URL. Internet Tools: Online Chatting, Messaging, and Conferencing Concepts,
Usenet newsgroup concepts: Reading usenet newsgroups, Instant messaging, Web-Based
chat rooms and discussion boards, Voice and Video conferencing. Streamlining Browsing,
Keeping track of Favorite Web Sites, Web Security, Privacy, and Site-Blocking.

Unit II

Introduction to Web programming – Introduction to SGML features – HTML, XHTML,

DHTML, XML – HTML Vs XML – Creating XML documents – Parsing an XML document
– Writing well-formed documents – Organizing elements with namespaces – Defining
elements in a DTD – Declaring elements and attributes in a DTD. Overview of HTML - basic
formatting tags - heading, paragraph, underline break, bold, italic, underline, superscript,
subscript, font and image. Attributes - align, color, bgcolor, font face, border, size.
Navigation Links using anchor tag - internal, external, mail and image links. Lists - ordered,
unordered and definition, Table tag, HTML Form controls - form, text, password, text area,
button, checkbox, radio button, select box, hidden controls,.

Unit III

Cascading Style Sheets: Introduction, Inline, Internal, External CSS, Linking CSS to Web
Page. Client–Side Programming: Introduction to JavaScript, Basic Syntax, Variables and
Data types, Statements, Operators, Literals, Functions, Objects, Arrays. XML: Relation
between XML and HTML, Goals of XML, Structure and Syntax of XML, Well Formed
XML, DTD and its Structure, tree structures in data organization, Searching with XPath.

UNIT-IV

Web Application and Information Gathering: HTTP Request, Response, Header Fields
and HTTPS, Understanding Same Origin, Sessions, Web Application Proxies. Web server –
role - Apache Web Server – Introduction – Architecture – Features - Apache's Role in the
Internet – LAMP – WAMP - Installation and Configuration - Build and Install Apache Web
Server - Verify Initial Configuration Start, Stop, and Status the Apache Server Process.

Server side programming – server side scripts – PHP – Designing dynamic web pages using
PHP - Defining PHP variables – variable types – operators – control flow constructs in PHP –
passing form data between pages - Establishing connection with MySQL database –
managing database

Suggested Readings:

1. Dick Oliver: Tech Yourself HTML 4 in 24 Hours, Techmedia.

2. Satish Jain: "O" – Level Information Technology.
3. Achyut Godbole, “Web Technologies”, Tata McGraw Hill, India.
4. Craig Zacker: 10 minutes Guide to HTML Style Sheets, PHI.
5. V.K. Jain: "O" – Level Information Technology, BPB Publications.
6. Gill Nasib Singh: Essentials of Computer and Network Technology, Khanna Books
Publishing Co., New Delhi.
7. Margaret Levine Young: Internet – The Complete Reference
8. Harley Hahn: The Internet – Complete Reference, TMH.
9. Rajender Singh Chhillar: Application of IT to Business, Ramesh Publishers, Jaipur.
 Software Engineering & Testing (MCS 105)

UNIT-I

Software Engineering - Introduction - Software characteristics - Classification of

Software - Phases in Software Engineering - Key challenges in Software Engineering.
SDLC - Software Process, Project and Product - Components of Software Process-
Process Framework - Process Assessment. Software Re-engineering, Software Reverse
Engineering.

Software Life Cycle Models: Waterfall, Prototype, Time boxing and Spiral Models,
RAD Model and Automation through software environments

UNIT-II

Requirements Engineering - Feasibility study - Types of Feasibility - Requirement

Elicitation - Elicitation techniques. Requirement analysis - Structured Analysis – DFD -
Object Oriented Modeling. Activity Diagram - Data Diagram- ER diagram - Use case
Diagram, Software Requirements Specification: Purpose of SRS, Structure of SRS, IEEE
template of SRS.

Software Design: Principles of Software Design- Software Design Concepts.

Software Coding: Features of Software Code - Coding Guidelines- Coding Methodology.

Code verification techniques.

UNIT-III

Software Testing: Basics of software testing, Testing objectives, Principles of testing,

Testing and debugging, Test metrics and measurements, STLC, Verification, Validation,
Software Quality and Reliability.

Types of testing: Functional and non – functional Testing; system testing, recovery testing,
security testing, stress testing, performance testing, usability testing;

Testing Techniques: White box testing, static testing, static analysis tools, Structural testing:
Unit/Code functional testing, Code coverage testing, Code complexity testing, Black Box
testing, Requirements based testing, Boundary value analysis, Equivalence partitioning,
state/graph based testing, Scenario Testing, Alpha, Beta and Acceptance Testing: Acceptance
criteria; test cases selection and execution.

UNIT-IV

Software Maintenance Activities: Need for Maintenance, Categories of Maintenance:

Preventive, Corrective and Perfective Maintenance, Cost of Maintenance, Software Re
Engineering, Reverse Engineering. Software Configuration Management Activities, Change
Control Process, Software Version Control, Software Reuse, Software Evolution, Software
Quality Attributes, Software Quality Assurance – plans & activities, Software
Documentation. ISO Quality models: ISO 9000 and SEICMM and their relevance.
Suggested Readings: 1. Pressman: Software Engineering, TMH. 2. Gill, Nasib Singh: Software
Engineering, Khanna Book Publishing Co.(P) Ltd, N. Delhi 3. Jalote, Pankaj: An Integrated
Approach to Software Engineering, Narosa Publications. 4. Chhillar Rajender Singh: Software
Engineering: Testing, Faults, Metrics, Excel Books, New Delhi. 5. Ghezzi, Carlo: Fundaments
of Software Engineering, PHI. 6. Fairley, R.E.: Software Engineering Concepts,McGraw-Hill. 7.
Lewis, T.G.: Software Engineering, McGraw-Hill.. 8. Shere: Software Engineering &
Management, Prentice Hall. 9. Deutsch, Willis: Software Quality Engineering : A Total
Technical and Management Approach, Prentice Hall.