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  • Sources of Calcium Ions That Causes Muscle Contraction

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    Calcium ions that cause muscle contraction come primarily from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle, which stores and releases calcium to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation. In smooth muscle, calcium ions come from the extracellular fluid instead, because the sarcoplasmic reticulum is less developed, and the extracellular calcium concentration is much higher than inside smooth muscle cells, allowing calcium to diffuse into the cell when channels open to trigger contraction. The calcium ions activate myosin kinase and phosphorylate the myosin head to cause contraction in both muscle types.

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    Sources of Calcium Ions That Causes Muscle Contraction

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    Calcium ions that cause muscle contraction come primarily from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle, which stores and releases calcium to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation. In smooth muscle, calcium ions come from the extracellular fluid instead, because the sarcoplasmic reticulum is less developed, and the extracellular calcium concentration is much higher than inside smooth muscle cells, allowing calcium to diffuse into the cell when channels open to trigger contraction. The calcium ions activate myosin kinase and phosphorylate the myosin head to cause contraction in both muscle types.

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    14 views1 page

    Sources of Calcium Ions That Causes Muscle Contraction

    Uploaded by

    Panda Mimi
    Calcium ions that cause muscle contraction come primarily from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle, which stores and releases calcium to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation. In smooth muscle, calcium ions come from the extracellular fluid instead, because the sarcoplasmic reticulum is less developed, and the extracellular calcium concentration is much higher than inside smooth muscle cells, allowing calcium to diffuse into the cell when channels open to trigger contraction. The calcium ions activate myosin kinase and phosphorylate the myosin head to cause contraction in both muscle types.

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    Sources of Calcium Ions that causes muscle contraction

    1. Skeletal Muscle
     Sarcoplasmic Reticulum- provides virtually all calcium ions for skeletal muscle
    contractions.
    - SR constitutes the main intracellular calcium store in striated
    muscle and plays an important role in the regulation of excitation-
    contraction-coupling (ECC) and of intracellular calcium concentrations
    during contraction and relaxation.

    2. Smooth Muscle
     Dependent on the Extracellular Calcium Ion Concentration

    Why?
    - The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum is slightly developed in Smooth Muscle.
    - the concentration of calcium ions in the extracellular fluid is greater than 10−3 molar, in
    comparison with less than 10−7 molar inside the smooth muscle cell; which causes rapid
    diffusion of calcium ions into the cell from the extracellular fluid when the calcium
    channels open.

    How?
     Calcium ions combine with calmodulin to cause activation of Myosin Kinase and
    Phosphorylation of the Myosin Head.

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