DR. GLORIA D.

LACSON FOUNDATION COLLEGES

Castellano, San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija
NZCI Campus, Masinloc, Zambales

PRELIM EXAM IN METHODS OF RESEARCH

Summer, 2018-2019

Name: SANDRA E. ELAD Date: ________________

I. What are the differences between methods of research, research

design and research paradigm?

A research method is a strategy used to implement that

plan. Research design and methods are different but closely related,
because good research design ensures that the data you obtain will help
you answer your research question more. Thus, the main difference
between research methods and research design is that research design is
the overall structure of the research study whereas research methods are
the various processes, procedures, and tools used to collect and analyze
data.

2. Describe qualitative research and when to utilize it?

The purpose of qualitative research is to understand and interpret

social interactions, phenomenal and ethnography. It is smaller and
randomly selected. Qualitative research focuses on wide-angle lens;
examines the breadth and depth of phenomena. It is used to gain an
understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides
insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for
potential quantitative research. Qualitative Research is also used to
uncover trends in thought and opinions, and dive deeper into the problem.
3. Describe quantitative research and when to utilize it?

The purpose of quantitative research is to test hypotheses, look at

cause and effect and make predictions. It describes, explains and predicts.
Researcher and their biases are not known to the participants in the study
and participants characteristics are deliberately hidden from the researcher.
The Best Times for Quantitative Research. Quantitative research is
conclusive in its purpose, as it tries to quantify a problem and understand
how prevalent it is by looking for projectable results to a larger population.
For this type of study we collect data through: Surveys (online, phone,
paper)

4. Define the following:

4.1 Validity

4.2 Reliability

4.3 Population

4.4 Sample Size

4.5 Correlation

5. Analyze the statement and answer the given questions.

An educational researcher is interested in the relationship between

pupils’ participation after school programs and academic achievement. He
states the following hypothesis in the description of his study:

H.1.
Pupils who participate in an after school program that emphasizes
critical thinking skills will score higher on measures of academic
achievement and self-esteem than students who participate in a
program that emphasizes rote memorization.

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Questions:
What are the variables in this study? What would be good names for
the variables? Identify the independent variable(s) and dependent
variable(s). Describe how each variable varies (i.e., whether the
variable is Categorical or continuous). Provide justification for why
each variable varies the way you describe?

Show your conceptual framework based from your answers:

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