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Page 1 of 7 Biotechnology Beavers
Page 1 of 7 Biotechnology Beavers
BIOTECHNOLOGY
4. Biotechnology allowed these men to be found innocent through the use of DNA fingerprinting.
7. PREHISTORIC BIOTECHNOLOGY
a. Traditional applications of biotechnology include the use of yeast to produce beer and wine in
prehistoric civilizations in Egypt and the Near East.
b. People have selectively bred plants and animals for 10,000 years.
c. Selective breeding continues to be an important tool in biotechnology.
8. BIOTECHNOLOGY TODAY
a. In addition to selective breeding, biotechnology uses genetic engineering.
b. GENETIC ENGINEERING: the modification of genetic material to achieve specific goals.
c. The goals of genetic engineering include:
d. Learning about cellular processes; inheritance, gene expression. (You have done that this term!)
e. Better understanding and treatment of diseases, especially genetic diseases.
f. Efficient production of biological molecules and improved plants and animals for agriculture.
19. VIRUSES
a. When recombinant viruses infect new cells, they may also transfer a portion of the previous host
cells DNA to the new cell.
page 2 of 7 biotechnology beavers
b. Viruses can cross species barriers.
c. These are examples of “genetic engineering” that occurs in nature.
38. Crime investigators can now have ample supply of DNA to test with.
a. They label the STR’s with fluorescent dye or radioactive material, run the DNA on the gel, and
create a DNA fingerprint for suspect identification and possible conviction.
51. BIOETHICS
a. Two principal scientific objections to the use of genetically modified organisms in agriculture:
b. Are they hazardous to human health?
c. Are they dangerous to the environment?
55. CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder. It requires both homologous
chromosomes to carry a mutation.
a. CF has greater than 1200 mutations that have been known to cause disease.
b. 32 alleles account for 90% of the cases. RFLP analysis is not cost effective.
c. MICROARRAY OR DNA ARRAY TECHNOLOGY IS THE ANSWER.