Lindsay Epstein

Shirley Lu
2.77 Spring 2019

FPGA 2: Linear Motion Syringe

The distance between the two pistons/disks (width) is adjusted to
change the width to diameter ratio of the sliding component in a syringe
in order to show wedging. Decreasing the width to diameter ratio
results in increased pull force as the location of pull moves away from
the syringe centerline.
Deterministic Design Process
Functional Req. Design Parameter Analysis & Ref. Risks & Counter Measures
Demonstrate St. - Linear Slide Moment and Force All 3 principles “felt” in 1 system
Venants, Golden Balance  select simplest design that
- Rubber
Ratio, Stability (FUNdaMENTALS) clearly includes all 3
Deformation

Stay within time Simple and Quick DFM and DFA, Hard to fabricate  Design with
limit Fabrication: availability of few components, use available
machines parts (syringe body)
- Waterjet vs.
Bandsaw + DrillPress (FUNdaMENTALS,
machine capabilities)

Easy to quantify Force measurable via Force Balance Very high or low forces difficult
(to close design spring scale to measure  Calculate
Design for easy expected values, tune design
loop)
scale attachment parameters
1
Design Sketches / Concepts

Linear Motion Concept

Rubber Deformation Concept
2
MODEL

3
Analysis
Critical Analysis: Force and moment balance to determine the force required to pull plunger from a
set distance off-axis.

4
Analysis (cont.)
Critical Analysis: Force and moment balance to determine the force applied (F_a) required to pull
plunger from a set distance off-axis (c).

5

DETAILED DESIGN
Pistons – sliding component
subject to wedging; the two
threaded pistons are
adjustable to change the
width to diameter ratio
Stand – for ease of testing,
maintaining syringe in
vertical orientation
Plunger Top – holes
drilled at set distances
from centerline for
fishing line to loop
through, for ease of
attaching spring scale
to measure pull force
Syringe – 150mL
syringe that provides
the channel for pistons
to slide
6
MANUFACTURING
Simple fabrication while
effectively demonstrating FPGA
principles
- Stock for piston disks was
chosen to fit syringe diameter
- Only operations were to
drill tap hole, cut to length,
and tap holes; all done in
single (lathe) setup
- Stand 3D printed for ease of
testing and repeatable Most Critical Part: Plunger Top
measurements - Attachment for testing off-center pull force
- All other components are - Simple + quick fabrication: bandsaw, drill press
standard fasteners
7
MEASUREMENTS
Measured vs Theory

Fa
c

8
SUMMARY
TIME BUDGET
- General trend in measured data matches
expected values Category Time [hours]
- Sources of error: Design (Individual + Peer Review + Final) 3
- Larger errors seen for the 0.75 width to CAD 2
diameter ratio trials likely due to the Analysis 4.5
compliant nature of the tape used to Fabrication + Assembly 6
increase the diameter of the piston Testing 2.5
which prevented the piston from
Documentation 3
becoming fully “wedged” as expected
Total 21